High-temperature gas cooled reactor primary circuit micro-positive pressure monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reactor operation, in particular to a high-temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop micro-positive pressure monitoring system and method, and the system comprises a first differential pressure gauge with one end communicated with the inner side of a primary loop located in a working cabin and the other end communicated in a high-temperature reactor room; one end of the second differential pressure gauge is communicated in the working cabin, and the other end of the second differential pressure gauge is communicated in the high-temperature reactor room; the two ends of the third differential pressure gauge are communicated in the high-temperature reactor room; the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are both arranged on the outer side of the first loop. According to the application, the inner side air pressure of the primary loop at the same height as the first pressure gauge can be obtained through the monitoring data of the first pressure gauge, the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge and the third differential pressure gauge, and the inner side air pressure of the primary loop at the same height as the second pressure gauge can be confirmed according to the height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge; therefore, the internal and external pressure difference, namely the micro-positive pressure needing to be monitored, at the opening position of the loop is calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reactor operation, and particularly relates to a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor primary loop slightly positive pressure monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor uses helium as the primary loop coolant. During reactor overhauls or certain special maintenance periods, for work needs, it is necessary to open an opening at the primary loop boundary. If the primary loop maintains high pressure, it will cause uncontrollable external leakage of the primary loop coolant at the opening. If the primary loop pressure is reduced to atmospheric pressure, it may cause air to enter the primary loop and affect the helium purity. Therefore, the optimal solution is to place the primary loop in a slightly positive pressure state. It is necessary to continuously monitor the slightly positive pressure state of the primary loop.

[0003] In the current existing designs, there is a lack of monitoring of the slightly positive pressure state of the primary loop, and the safety of equipment and personnel during the maintenance process cannot be ensured. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor primary loop slightly positive pressure monitoring system and method to solve the problem of the lack of monitoring of the slightly positive pressure state of the primary loop in the existing designs.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor primary loop slightly positive pressure monitoring system. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor includes a working cabin and a high-temperature reactor room. A primary loop is arranged in the working cabin, and the high-temperature reactor room is arranged on one side close to the working cabin, and includes:

[0006] A first differential pressure gauge, one end of which is communicated with the inner side of the primary loop in the working cabin, and the other end is communicated and arranged in the high-temperature reactor room;

[0007] A second differential pressure gauge, one end of which is communicated and arranged in the working cabin, and the other end is communicated and arranged in the high-temperature reactor room;

[0008] A third differential pressure gauge, both ends of which are communicated and arranged in the above-mentioned high-temperature reactor room;

[0009] A first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge, both of which are arranged on the outer side of the primary loop;

[0010] A controller, the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge, the third differential pressure gauge, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge are respectively connected to the controller;

[0011] Wherein, the first pressure gauge, the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge, and the third differential pressure gauge are arranged at the same height position, the second pressure gauge is arranged at the opening position of the primary loop, and the controller is adapted to calculate the internal and external differential pressure at the opening position of the primary loop based on the monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge, the third differential pressure gauge, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge.

[0012] The air pressure inside the primary loop at the same height as the first pressure gauge can be obtained from the monitoring data of the first pressure gauge, the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge, and the third differential pressure gauge. Based on the height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, the internal and external differential pressure at the opening position of the primary loop at the same height as the second pressure gauge can be confirmed, which is the slightly positive pressure to be monitored.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the first high-temperature reactor room is located on one side close to the working chamber, and the second high-temperature reactor room is arranged on the side of the first high-temperature reactor room away from the working chamber.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0015] A third differential pressure gauge, connected to the controller, with one end communicating and arranged inside the first high-temperature reactor room and the other end arranged inside the second high-temperature reactor room;

[0016] The other end of the first differential pressure gauge communicates and is arranged inside the first high-temperature reactor room, and the other end of the second differential pressure gauge communicates and is arranged inside the second high-temperature reactor room.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, both the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are portable absolute pressure gauges.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0019] An interactive display screen, connected to the controller, suitable for displaying the monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge, the third differential pressure gauge, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge, and displaying the internal and external differential pressure at the opening position of the primary loop.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment, a warning differential pressure range is set inside the controller. When the internal and external differential pressure at the opening position of the primary loop exceeds the warning differential pressure range, the controller issues a warning. Setting the warning differential pressure range enables the operator to directly monitor the slightly positive pressure in the primary loop and quickly respond to abnormal pressures.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for monitoring the slightly positive pressure in the primary loop of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, applicable to the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor primary loop slightly positive pressure monitoring system as described above, including the following steps:

[0022] S1. Obtain the height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge;

[0023] S2. Construct an operation database, and input the function of helium density varying with pressure into the operation database, and input the real-time monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge, the second differential pressure gauge, the third differential pressure gauge, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge;

[0024] S3. Build a benchmark operation model based on real-time monitoring data to obtain the internal pressure of the primary loop at the same height as the first pressure gauge.

[0025] S4. Build a final operation model based on the internal pressure of the primary loop to obtain the differential pressure inside and outside the primary loop at the same height as the second pressure gauge.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, in step S3, the internal pressure of the primary loop is the first-level operation result.

[0027] In an alternative embodiment, the final operation model calls the function of the change of helium density with pressure to calculate the helium pressure difference, that is, to obtain the differential pressure inside and outside the primary loop (1) at the same height as the second pressure gauge.

[0028] The helium density can be adjusted in real time according to the internal pressure of the primary loop at the same height as the first pressure gauge, so that the differential pressure inside and outside the primary loop at the same height as the second pressure gauge can be obtained more accurately.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0030] S5. Display the differential pressure inside and outside the primary loop at the same height as the second pressure gauge on the interactive display screen, marked as slightly positive pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic principle diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Description of the reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Primary loop; 2. First differential pressure gauge; 3. Second differential pressure gauge; 4. First high-temperature reactor room; 5. Second high-temperature reactor room; 6. Third differential pressure gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor uses helium as the primary coolant. During reactor overhauls or certain special maintenance periods, if, due to work requirements, an opening occurs at the primary circuit boundary, then the helium in the primary circuit should be controlled. If the primary circuit maintains high pressure, it will cause uncontrollable external leakage at the opening of the primary circuit cooler. If the pressure of the primary circuit is reduced to atmospheric pressure, it may cause air to enter the primary circuit and affect the helium purity. Therefore, the optimal solution is to place the primary circuit in a slightly positive pressure state. During maintenance, there will be an acceptable amount of trace external leakage of helium, which will gradually reduce the pressure of the primary circuit. If the pressure of the primary circuit drops to atmospheric pressure, there is a possibility of external air entering the primary circuit, which will affect the purity of the helium in the primary circuit. Air will produce activated products in the reactor. Therefore, the primary circuit should be maintained in a slightly positive pressure state during the opening of the primary circuit.

[0038] To establish and maintain the above maintenance conditions, it is necessary to ensure that the primary circuit is always in a slightly positive pressure state. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the slightly positive pressure state of the primary circuit. The boundary range of the primary circuit of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor extends from -15m to 24m. At different positions of the opening, the slightly positive pressure at the opening is also different. Although the current high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is equipped with pressure monitoring instruments and systems related to the primary circuit, these systems are all applicable to the high-pressure state. The monitoring of the slightly positive pressure state has not been considered in the existing design documents. Based on the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a slightly positive pressure monitoring system and method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel during the maintenance process.

[0039] The following combines Figures 1 to 2 , and describes the embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, a slightly positive pressure monitoring system for the primary circuit of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is provided. The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor includes a working cabin and a high-temperature reactor room. A primary circuit 1 is arranged in the working cabin. The high-temperature reactor room is arranged on one side close to the working cabin. Specifically, the working cabin may include a reactor cabin and an evaporator cabin, both of which are provided with a mutually connected primary circuit 1. The high-temperature reactor room is on one side close to the evaporator cabin and includes:

[0042] The first differential pressure gauge 2 has one end communicating with the inside of the primary circuit 1 in the working chamber and the other end communicating and arranged in the high-temperature reactor room. The first differential pressure gauge 2 can be a high-precision instrument. The high-temperature reactor room includes a first high-temperature reactor room 4 and a second high-temperature reactor room 5.

[0043] The second differential pressure gauge 3 has one end communicating and arranged in the working chamber and the other end communicating and arranged in the high-temperature reactor room.

[0044] The third differential pressure gauge has both ends communicating and arranged in the above-mentioned high-temperature reactor room.

[0045] The first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are both arranged outside the primary circuit 1. Among them, the second pressure gauge is arranged at the opening position outside the primary circuit 1 in the evaporator chamber. The opening position outside the primary circuit 1 in the reactor chamber can be provided with a third pressure gauge, such as at h3, and its usage method and function are the same as those of the second pressure gauge. The third pressure gauge can be connected to the controller.

[0046] The controller, the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3, the third differential pressure gauge 6, the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are respectively connected to the controller. Among them, one end and the other end of the differential pressure gauge refer to the pipelines used for monitoring in the differential pressure gauge.

[0047] Among them, the first pressure gauge, the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3 and the third differential pressure gauge 6 are arranged at the same height position, such as at h1, the second pressure gauge is arranged at the opening position of the primary circuit 1, such as at h2, and the controller is adapted to calculate the internal and external pressure difference at the opening position of the primary circuit 1 based on the monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3, the third differential pressure gauge 6, the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge.

[0048] This application can obtain the internal pressure of the primary circuit 1 at the same height as the first pressure gauge through the monitoring data of the first pressure gauge, the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3 and the third differential pressure gauge 6. According to the height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, the internal pressure of the primary circuit 1 at the same height as the second pressure gauge can be confirmed, so as to calculate and obtain the internal and external pressure difference at the opening position of the primary circuit 1, that is, the slightly positive pressure to be monitored.

[0049] Alternatively, the second pressure gauge and the first pressure gauge can be arranged at intervals along the vertical direction outside the primary circuit 1 (such as a spacing of 1 m), and at the same time, a fourth pressure gauge is added in the high-temperature reactor room, at the same height as the first pressure gauge. The controller calculates the opening pressure difference through the data of the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3, the first pressure gauge and the fourth pressure gauge, in combination with the vertical gradient model. The vertical pressure gradient data can accurately eliminate the static pressure error caused by the height difference, making the slightly positive pressure calculation more in line with the actual working conditions. The fourth pressure gauge is arranged at the same height as the first pressure gauge, which can cross-verify the data reliability and reduce the risk of single-point failure.

[0050] Furthermore, a temperature sensor can be introduced to achieve thermal expansion compensation. Specifically, temperature sensors are added outside the high-temperature reactor room and the primary circuit 1 to monitor the ambient temperature in real time. The controller embeds the temperature data into the differential pressure calculation formula to dynamically correct the pressure deviation caused by material thermal expansion or gas density change (e.g., ΔP_corrected = ΔP_original × (1 + αΔT)). The measurement error caused by the expansion of metal pipelines or the change of helium gas density in the high-temperature environment can be eliminated through temperature compensation, maintaining the micro-positive pressure calculation accuracy and avoiding false alarms.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the high-temperature reactor room includes:

[0052] A first high-temperature reactor room 4 and a second high-temperature reactor room 5. The first high-temperature reactor room 4 is located on the side close to the working chamber, and the second high-temperature reactor room 5 is arranged on the side of the first high-temperature reactor room 4 away from the working chamber.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0054] A third differential pressure gauge 6, connected to the controller, with one end communicating and arranged inside the first high-temperature reactor room 4 and the other end arranged inside the second high-temperature reactor room 5;

[0055] The other end of the first differential pressure gauge 2 communicates and is arranged inside the first high-temperature reactor room 4, and the other end of the second differential pressure gauge 3 communicates and is arranged inside the second high-temperature reactor room 5.

[0056] Alternatively, a dynamic calibration module can be introduced to improve the long-term stability of the sensor. Specifically, an automatic calibration module can be added inside the high-temperature reactor room. This module includes a standard pressure source (such as a high-precision air pressure tank) and a switching valve. The controller periodically (such as once a week) switches the input ends of the first differential pressure gauge 2 and the second differential pressure gauge 3 to the standard pressure source, compares the measured value with the reference value, generates a calibration coefficient, and automatically corrects the sensor drift error. The accuracy decline caused by sensor aging or environmental temperature and humidity changes can be compensated through periodic calibration. The need for manual intervention is reduced, which is particularly suitable for the long-term continuous monitoring scenario of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, both the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are portable absolute pressure gauges.

[0058] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0059] An interactive display screen, connected to the controller, suitable for displaying the monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3, the third differential pressure gauge 6, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge, and displaying the internal and external differential pressure at the opening position of the primary circuit 1.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, a warning pressure difference range is set within the controller. When the internal and external pressure difference at the opening position of the primary loop 1 exceeds the warning pressure difference range, the controller issues a warning. Setting the warning pressure difference range enables the operating personnel to visually monitor the slightly positive pressure of the primary loop 1 and quickly respond to abnormal pressures.

[0061] Furthermore, a multi-physical-field fusion compensation algorithm can be adopted. A multi-sensor fusion algorithm can be embedded in the controller, combining the readings of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge with the data of external temperature and vibration sensors to dynamically correct the pressure measurement errors caused by environmental interferences (such as thermal expansion and mechanical vibration). The non-linear influence of the temperature fluctuation in the high-temperature reactor room on the pressure gauge can be eliminated. Through multi-parameter cross-verification, invalid warnings triggered by abnormal single sensors can be avoided.

[0062] Specifically, the following scheme can be adopted:

[0063] System architecture and core algorithm part: Taking the first high-temperature reactor room 4 (low-pressure side) and the second high-temperature reactor room 5 (high-pressure side) as the monitoring cores, a first differential pressure gauge (ΔP1), a second differential pressure gauge (ΔP2), a third differential pressure gauge (ΔP3), a first pressure gauge (P1), and a second pressure gauge (P2) are configured. Combining the multi-physical-field fusion compensation algorithm embedded in the controller, precise calculation of the slightly positive pressure is achieved. The algorithm combines the data of temperature and vibration sensors to dynamically correct the interferences of thermal expansion (such as the metal pipeline expansion coefficient α = 1.2×10 -5 / °C) and mechanical vibration (0 - 1 kHz high-frequency noise) on pressure measurement. The compensation formula is:

[0064] Pcorrected = Poriginal × (1 + αΔT) + β × vibration amplitude + γ × ΔPcompensation

[0065] where β is the vibration attenuation coefficient and γ is the differential pressure compensation factor.

[0066] Meanwhile, the interactive display screen real-time displays the differential pressure data and the warning status, and supports threshold setting (such as the lower limit 0 Pa and the upper limit 2500 Pa).

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] As shown in the appendix Figure 2 The present invention also provides a method for monitoring the slightly positive pressure of the primary loop of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, which is applicable to the slightly positive pressure monitoring system of the primary loop of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0069] S1, obtaining the height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge;

[0070] S2, construct an operation database, and input the function of helium density varying with pressure into the operation database, and input the real-time monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge 2, the second differential pressure gauge 3, the third differential pressure gauge 6, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge;

[0071] S3, build a benchmark operation model based on the real-time monitoring data to obtain the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the first pressure gauge;

[0072] S4, build a final operation model based on the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 to obtain the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the second pressure gauge.

[0073] In an optional implementation manner, in the step S3, the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 is the first-level operation result.

[0074] In an optional implementation manner, the final operation model calls the function of helium density varying with pressure to calculate the helium pressure difference. That is, the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the second pressure gauge is obtained.

[0075] The helium density can be adjusted in real time according to the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the first pressure gauge, so that the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the second pressure gauge is more accurate.

[0076] In an optional implementation manner, it further includes:

[0077] S5, display the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the second pressure gauge on the interactive display screen, marked as slightly positive pressure.

[0078] Mark the monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge 2 as ΔP1, the monitoring data of the second differential pressure gauge 3 as ΔP2, the monitoring data of the third differential pressure gauge 6 as ΔP3, the monitoring data of the first pressure gauge as P4, the monitoring data of the second pressure gauge as P2, the monitoring data of the third pressure gauge as P3, the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the first pressure gauge as P1, the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the second pressure gauge as P2', the internal pressure of the primary loop 1 at the same height as the third pressure gauge as P3', and the helium density of the primary loop 1 as ρ. Then:

[0079] P1 = ΔP1 + ΔP2 - ΔP3 + P4

[0080] P2' = P1 - ρgΔh

[0081] P3' = P1 - ρgΔh'

[0082] The slightly positive pressure of helium at the opening of h2 is ΔP = P2’ - P2, and the slightly positive pressure of helium at the opening of h3 is ΔP’ = P3’ - P3.

[0083] The interactive display screen can be integrated into the DCS monitoring screen to achieve micro-positive pressure monitoring and form an interactive DCS screen. It dynamically displays parameters such as ΔP1, ΔP2, ΔP3, ΔP, P2’, and P3’, and supports manual input of the measured values of P2, P3, and P4. An embedded real-time operation module automatically updates the micro-positive pressure calculation results and sets the micro-positive pressure warning value to assist the operator in making quick decisions.

[0084] This application only adds one high-precision instrument, and the rest fully reuses the original instruments and supporting pipelines of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, greatly reducing the equipment procurement and installation costs and achieving the unity of economy and efficiency.

[0085] This application can achieve precise monitoring and real-time feedback. Based on the micro-positive pressure operation database and dynamic model, it can calculate the helium micro-positive pressure values at different opening positions in real time, and intuitively display the key parameters through the DCS monitoring screen to ensure that the operator quickly grasps the micro-positive pressure state of the primary loop 1 and effectively avoids the risk of air ingress.

[0086] This application can dynamically correct the influence of the helium height difference through multi-point measurement of the pressure gauge and model linkage, achieve precise adaptation at different opening positions, and comprehensively ensure the stability and safety of the micro-positive pressure of the primary loop 1 during maintenance.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A micro-positive pressure monitoring system for a primary circuit of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor comprising a working cabin and a high-temperature reactor room, a primary circuit (1) being arranged in the working cabin, the high-temperature reactor room being arranged on a side close to the working cabin, characterized in that: include: A first differential pressure gauge (2), one end of which is connected to the inner side of the primary circuit (1) located in the working chamber, and the other end of which is connected to the high temperature reactor room; A second differential pressure gauge (3), one end of which is connected to and arranged in the working cabin, and the other end of which is connected to and arranged in the high-temperature reactor room; A third differential pressure gauge (6), one end of which is connected to and arranged in the first high-temperature reactor room (4), and the other end of which is arranged in the second high-temperature reactor room (5); The first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are both arranged outside the primary circuit (1); a controller, the first differential pressure gauge (2), the second differential pressure gauge (3), the third differential pressure gauge (6), the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are respectively connected to the controller; The first pressure gauge, the first differential pressure gauge (2), the second differential pressure gauge (3) and the third differential pressure gauge (6) are arranged at the same height position, the second pressure gauge is arranged at the opening position of the first circuit (1), and the controller is suitable for calculating the internal and external pressure difference at the opening position of the first circuit (1) based on the monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge (2), the second differential pressure gauge (3), the third differential pressure gauge (6), the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge.

2. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor primary circuit micro-positive pressure monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first high temperature stack room (4) is located on a side close to the working chamber, and the second high temperature stack room (5) is arranged on a side of the first high temperature stack room (4) away from the working chamber.

3. The primary circuit micro-positive pressure monitoring system of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also includes: a third differential pressure gauge (6), connected to the controller, one end of which is arranged in the first high-temperature reactor room (4) and the other end of which is arranged in the second high-temperature reactor room (5); The other end of the first differential pressure gauge (2) is connected and arranged in the first high-temperature reactor room (4), and the other end of the second differential pressure gauge (3) is connected and arranged in the second high-temperature reactor room (5).

4. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor primary circuit micro-positive pressure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are both portable absolute pressure gauges.

5. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor primary circuit micro-positive pressure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An interactive display screen is connected to the controller and is suitable for displaying monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge (2), the second differential pressure gauge (3), the third differential pressure gauge (6), the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, and displaying the internal and external pressure difference at the opening position of the first circuit (1).

6. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor primary circuit micro-positive pressure monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A warning pressure difference range is provided in the controller, and when the internal and external pressure difference at the opening position of the first circuit (1) exceeds the warning pressure difference range, the controller issues a warning.

7. A method for monitoring a micro-positive pressure of a primary circuit of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor, applicable to a micro-positive pressure monitoring system of a primary circuit of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, obtaining a height difference between a first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge; S2, constructing a computing database, and entering into the computing database a function of helium density changing with pressure, and entering into the computing database real-time monitoring data of the first differential pressure gauge (2), the second differential pressure gauge (3), the third differential pressure gauge (6), the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge; S3, building a benchmark calculation model based on real-time monitoring data to obtain the air pressure inside the first circuit (1) at the same height as the first pressure gauge; S4, constructing a final calculation model based on the air pressure inside the first circuit (1) to obtain the differential pressure inside and outside the first circuit (1) at the same height as the second pressure gauge.

8. The method for monitoring the primary circuit micro-positive pressure of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the air pressure inside the first circuit (1) is a primary calculation result.

9. The method for monitoring the primary circuit micro-positive pressure of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the final calculation model uses the function of helium density changing with pressure to calculate the helium pressure difference, that is, to obtain the internal and external differential pressure of a circuit (1) at the same height as the second pressure gauge.

10. The method for monitoring the primary circuit micro-positive pressure of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: S5, the differential pressure inside and outside the first circuit (1) at the same height as the second pressure gauge is displayed on the interactive display screen, marked as a slight positive pressure.

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