Variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism and driving method

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism and a driving method, and relates to the technical field of breaker operating mechanisms, the variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism comprises a movable iron core, a static iron core, a closing spring, a buffer gasket, a permanent magnet, a coil panel and a driving device, the static iron core is fixedly connected with the movable iron core through the closing spring; the movable iron core is connected to the arc extinguish chamber through an insulating pull rod; the buffer gasket, the permanent magnet and the coil panel are sequentially arranged on the static iron core in an overlapped mode. And the coil panel is electrically connected with the driving device. By adopting the variable magnetic circuit design formed by the movable iron core, the static iron core and the permanent magnet, the action of the operating mechanism is more stable and reliable, particularly, the static iron core is made of a semi-hard magnetic material, so that the static iron core can be flexibly magnetized and demagnetized in different states, the static iron core is matched with the soft magnetic material of the movable iron core for use, and the quick response capability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit breaker operating mechanisms, and more specifically, to a variable magnetic circuit circuit breaker operating mechanism and a driving method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the technological development of circuit breaker operating mechanisms mainly focuses on two traditional solutions: spring energy storage and electromagnetic drive. The spring energy storage mechanism relies on the energy release and storage mechanism of mechanical springs, and realizes opening and closing operations through precisely designed transmission components such as cams and linkages. Its technical maturity is relatively high and it has a certain stability in the opening speed. The electromagnetic operating mechanism takes the electromagnetic coil as the core driving unit, and uses the Lorentz force generated by current excitation to directly drive the movement of the moving iron core, with the characteristics of simplified structure and direct action. After years of iteration, these two types of technologies have formed a standardized application system in conventional power systems.

[0003] However, with the rapid development of new power system scenarios such as UHV power transmission, new energy grid connection, and flexible DC power grids, traditional operating mechanisms face significant technical bottlenecks. The spring energy storage mechanism has a relatively high energy loss rate due to the long mechanical transmission chain, and the discreteness of its opening time increases with the increase of spring fatigue, directly affecting the success rate of reclosing. The electromagnetic operating mechanism exposes the defect of lagging dynamic response under the requirement of rapid interruption of short-circuit current. More critically, although the existing variable magnetic circuit technology improves the driving force output characteristics through magnetic resistance adjustment, its driving device usually lacks coordinated design with the overall system, resulting in performance attenuation problems under high-frequency operation and complex load conditions. This restricts the efficient operation and fast protection function of the circuit breaker in modern power grids.

[0004] Therefore, how to develop an operating mechanism that can meet the requirements of high reliability and high efficiency of the power system for circuit breakers is the core problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a variable magnetic circuit circuit breaker operating mechanism and a driving method, which overcome the above defects.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A variable magnetic circuit circuit breaker operating mechanism includes: a moving iron core, a static iron core, a closing spring, a buffer gasket, a permanent magnet, a coil disk, and a driving device. The static iron core and the moving iron core are fixedly connected through the closing spring; the moving iron core is connected to the arc extinguishing chamber through an insulating pull rod; the buffer gasket, the permanent magnet, and the coil disk are sequentially stacked on the static iron core; the coil disk is electrically connected to the driving device.

[0008] Optionally, a drive circuit is built into the drive device. The drive circuit includes a tripping capacitor C1, a closing capacitor C2, a power transistor Q1, a power transistor Q2, a power transistor Q3, a power transistor Q4, a freewheeling diode D1, and a freewheeling diode D2;

[0009] The power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a bridge circuit;

[0010] The tripping capacitor C1 and the freewheeling diode D1 are both connected in parallel to the first arm of the bridge circuit, and a first output terminal A is led out from the first arm;

[0011] The closing capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 are both connected in parallel to the second arm of the bridge circuit, and a second output terminal B is led out from the second arm.

[0012] Optionally, the static iron core is a multi-groove magnet; the closing spring is fixed in a groove, and the buffer gasket, the permanent magnet, and the coil disc are arranged in a groove.

[0013] Optionally, the static iron core is made of semi-hard magnetic material.

[0014] Optionally, the moving iron core is made of soft magnetic material.

[0015] Optionally, the buffer gasket is made of an elastic material and is used to limit the tripping stroke displacement of the moving iron core and absorb the mechanical shock generated by the collision.

[0016] Optionally, the closing spring is in a compressed state.

[0017] A variable magnetic circuit breaker drive method, the specific steps are as follows:

[0018] The drive device drives the moving iron core to drive the insulating pull rod to move by controlling the energizing direction of the coil disc according to the state change requirement of the arc extinguishing chamber, so as to change the magnetic field direction formed by the coil disc.

[0019] Optionally, when the arc extinguishing chamber changes from the closing state to the tripping state, the control steps are:

[0020] The tripping capacitor C1 is energized, and the power transistors Q1 and Q4 are closed to form a discharge circuit;

[0021] When the coil disc discharges the tripping capacitor C1, a superimposed magnetic field in the same direction as the permanent magnet is generated, and the static iron core is magnetized;

[0022] When the suction force between the static iron core and the moving iron core exceeds the compression force of the closing spring, the moving iron core moves to the tripping position;

[0023] The moving iron core contacts the buffer gasket and decelerates to a stop, and forms a closed magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet and the static iron core to maintain the open state.

[0024] Optionally, when the arc extinguishing chamber changes from the open state to the closed state, the control steps are as follows:

[0025] After the closing capacitor C2 stores energy, the power transistor Q2 and the power transistor Q3 are closed to form a discharge circuit;

[0026] When the coil disk discharges the closing capacitor C2, a demagnetizing magnetic field opposite to the permanent magnet is generated, and the static iron core and the permanent magnet are demagnetized;

[0027] When the suction force between the static iron core and the moving iron core is less than the compression force of the closing spring, the moving iron core moves to the closing position;

[0028] The closing state is maintained by the holding force of the closing spring.

[0029] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention discloses a variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism and a driving method. Compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0030] Improve the action stability and reliability: By adopting a variable magnetic circuit design composed of a moving iron core, a static iron core and a permanent magnet, the action of the operating mechanism is more stable and reliable. Especially, the static iron core is made of semi-hard magnetic material, which can be magnetized and demagnetized flexibly in different states. When used in combination with the soft magnetic material of the moving iron core, the ability of rapid response is ensured.

[0031] Improve the energy utilization efficiency: The design matching of the moving iron core and the static iron core ensures the effectiveness of the closed magnetic circuit and improves the utilization efficiency of the suction force. At the same time, the permanent magnet is used to provide a lasting suction force, forming magnetic field holding forces in the open and closed states respectively, reducing the dependence on continuous power supply to the coil and lowering the power consumption.

[0032] Efficient energy conversion: The driving device stores and discharges energy through the opening capacitor and the closing capacitor, avoiding the energy waste caused by continuous power-on, ensuring efficient energy conversion during the operating process, not only improving the energy utilization rate, but also extending the service life of the equipment.

[0033] High-precision control and rapid response: The driving device under the precise control of the bridge circuit can quickly switch the magnetic field direction to realize the rapid magnetization and demagnetization of the static iron core. This enables the operating mechanism to complete the opening and closing operations in a short time, meeting the requirements of modern power systems for high speed and high precision control of circuit breakers.

[0034] Reducing wear and fatigue damage: The buffer gasket is made of a material with small elasticity and large suction force (such as polyurethane), which can effectively absorb the impact force generated when the moving iron core moves to the limit position, avoid direct collision between mechanical components, reduce the risk of wear and fatigue damage, and thus extend the service life of the operating mechanism. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the closing state of the variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the opening state of the variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the static iron core provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the drive circuit provided by the present invention;

[0040] In the figure, 11 is the arc extinguishing chamber; 12 is the insulating pull rod; 13 is the moving iron core; 14 is the static iron core; 15 is the coil disc; 16 is the permanent magnet; 17 is the buffer gasket; 18 is the drive device; 19 is the closing spring. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] One aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, including: a moving iron core 13, a static iron core 14, a closing spring 19, a buffer gasket 17, a permanent magnet 16, a coil disc 15 and a drive device 18. The static iron core 14 is fixedly connected to the moving iron core 13 through the closing spring 19; the moving iron core 13 is connected to the arc extinguishing chamber 11 through the insulating pull rod 12; a buffer gasket 17, a permanent magnet 16 and a coil disc 15 are sequentially arranged on the static iron core 14; the coil disc 15 is electrically connected to the drive device 18.

[0043] In one embodiment, the shape of the moving iron core 13 is square or circular.

[0044] In one embodiment, the static iron core 14 is a multi-groove magnet; the closing spring 19 is fixed in a groove, and the buffer gasket 17, the permanent magnet 16 and the coil disk 15 are arranged in a groove.

[0045] Furthermore, the shape of the static iron core 14 is square or round, and three grooves are opened inside, such as Figure 3 As shown, the left and right grooves are symmetrically distributed, and the shape of the static iron core 14 corresponds to the shape of the moving iron core 13; the coil disk 15, the permanent magnet 16, and the buffer gasket 17 are placed in the side groove of the static iron core 14 from bottom to top; the closing spring 19 is placed in the middle groove of the static iron core 14.

[0046] In one embodiment, the static iron core 14 is made of semi-hard magnetic material, which not only ensures the controllability of the magnetic field, but also improves the stability of the magnetic circuit.

[0047] In one embodiment, the moving iron core 13 is made of soft magnetic material, which further reduces the magnetic loss.

[0048] In one embodiment, the buffer gasket 17 is made of elastic material and is used to limit the opening stroke displacement of the moving iron core 13 and absorb the mechanical impact generated by the collision.

[0049] Furthermore, the buffer pad 17 is made of a material with low elasticity and high suction force, preferably polyurethane.

[0050] In one embodiment, the coil disk 15 is wound by a wire, and the wound wire is fixed with an insulating glue to form the coil disk 15 , and the coil disk 15 is placed in an epoxy resin shell.

[0051] In one embodiment, the permanent magnet 16 is a strong magnet, preferably neodymium iron boron, and the magnetic field direction of the magnet is vertical; the vertical magnetic field direction design ensures the uniformity and stability of the strong suction force.

[0052] In one embodiment, the closing spring 19 is in a compressed state.

[0053] In one embodiment, the driving device 18 has a built-in driving circuit, such as Figure 4 As shown, the driving circuit includes an opening capacitor C1, a closing capacitor C2, a power tube Q1, a power tube Q2, a power tube Q3, a power tube Q4, a freewheeling diode D1 and a freewheeling diode D2;

[0054] Power tube Q1, power tube Q2, power tube Q3 and power tube Q4 form a bridge circuit;

[0055] The disconnecting capacitor C1 and the freewheeling diode D1 are both connected in parallel to the first bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and a first output terminal is led out from the first bridge arm;

[0056] The closing capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 are both connected in parallel to the second bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and a second output terminal is led out from the second bridge arm.

[0057] On the other hand, this embodiment discloses a variable magnetic circuit breaker driving method, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0058] The driving device 18, according to the state change requirement of the arc extinguishing chamber 11, changes the magnetic field direction formed by the coil by controlling the energizing direction of the coil disk 15, and drives the moving iron core 13 to drive the insulating pull rod 12 to move.

[0059] In one embodiment, when the arc extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the closing state to the opening state, the control steps are as follows:

[0060] The opening capacitor C1 is already energized, and the power tubes Q1 and Q4 are closed to form a discharge circuit;

[0061] When the coil disk 15 discharges the opening capacitor C1, a superimposed magnetic field in the same direction as the permanent magnet 16 is generated to magnetize the static iron core 14;

[0062] When the suction force between the static iron core 14 and the moving iron core 13 exceeds the compression force of the closing spring 19, the moving iron core 13 moves to the opening position;

[0063] The moving iron core 13 contacts the buffer gasket 17, decelerates and stops, and forms a closed magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet 16 and the static iron core 14 to maintain the opening state.

[0064] Furthermore, when the arc extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the closing state to the opening state:

[0065] 1) The opening capacitor C1 in the driving device is already energized, and the power tubes Q1 and Q4 are closed;

[0066] 2) The opening capacitor C1 discharges to the coil disk 15, and the coil disk 15 forms a magnetic field to magnetize the static iron core 14, and the direction of this magnetic field is the same as the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet 16;

[0067] 3) At this time, the moving iron core 13 is subjected to the suction force of the static iron core 14 and the permanent magnet 16, and the suction force is greater than the elastic force of the closing spring 19 in the compressed state, and the moving iron core 13 moves downward;

[0068] 4) When the moving iron core 13 moves to the opening position, the moving iron core 13 collides with the buffer gasket 17 and decelerates to zero;

[0069] 5) The moving iron core 13 forms a closed magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet 16 and the static iron core 14, forms a suction force, and remains in the opening position, and the opening is completed.

[0070] In one embodiment, when the arc extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the opening state to the closing state, the control steps are as follows:

[0071] After the closing capacitor C2 stores energy, the power transistors Q2 and Q3 are closed to form a discharge circuit;

[0072] When the closing capacitor discharges, the coil disk 15 generates a demagnetizing magnetic field opposite to that of the permanent magnet 16, demagnetizing the static iron core 14 and the permanent magnet 16;

[0073] When the suction force between the static iron core 14 and the moving iron core 13 is less than the compression force of the closing spring 19, the moving iron core 13 moves upward to the closing position;

[0074] The moving iron core 13 is maintained in the closed state by the holding force of the closing spring 19.

[0075] Further, the arc extinguishing chamber 11 goes from the opening state to the closing state:

[0076] 1) The closing capacitor C2 of the driving device 18 has stored energy, and the power transistors Q2 and Q3 are closed;

[0077] 2) The closing capacitor C2 discharges to the coil disk 15, and the coil disk 15 forms a magnetic field. The direction of this magnetic field is opposite to that of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 16 and is also opposite to the direction of the magnetic field already existing in the static iron core 14. The static iron core 14 and the permanent magnet 16 are demagnetized;

[0078] 3) At this time, the suction force on the moving iron core 13 from the static iron core 14 and the permanent magnet 16 decreases, and the elastic force of the closing spring 19 in the compressed state is greater than the suction force, so the moving iron core 13 moves upward;

[0079] 4) When the moving iron core 13 moves to the closing position, the moving iron core 13 decelerates to zero, and the closing spring 19 provides an upward holding force for the moving iron core 13 to keep it in the closing position, and the closing is completed.

[0080] In this specification, the various embodiments are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method part.

[0081] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism, characterized in that: include: A moving iron core (13), a stationary iron core (14), a closing spring (19), a buffer gasket (17), a permanent magnet (16), a coil disk (15) and a driving device (18), wherein the stationary iron core (14) and the moving iron core (13) are fixedly connected via the closing spring (19); the moving iron core (13) is connected to the arc extinguishing chamber (11) via an insulating pull rod (12); the buffer gasket (17), the permanent magnet (16) and the coil disk (15) are sequentially stacked on the stationary iron core (14); and the coil disk (15) is electrically connected to the driving device (18).

2. The variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (18) has a built-in driving circuit, and the driving circuit includes a switch-off capacitor C1, a switch-on capacitor C2, a power tube Q1, a power tube Q2, a power tube Q3, a power tube Q4, a freewheeling diode D1, and a freewheeling diode D2; The power tube Q1, the power tube Q2, the power tube Q3, and the power tube Q4 form a bridge circuit; The disconnecting capacitor C1 and the freewheeling diode D1 are both connected in parallel to the first bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and a first output terminal A is led out from the first bridge arm; The closing capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 are both connected in parallel to the second bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and a second output terminal B is led out from the second bridge arm.

3. The variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The static iron core (14) is a multi-groove magnet; the closing spring (19) is fixed in a groove; the buffer gasket (17), the permanent magnet (16) and the coil disk (15) are arranged in a groove.

4. The variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The static iron core (14) is made of semi-hard magnetic material.

5. The variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving iron core (13) is made of soft magnetic material.

6. The variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer gasket (17) is made of elastic material and is used to limit the opening stroke displacement of the moving iron core (13) and absorb the mechanical impact generated by the collision.

7. The variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The closing spring (19) is in a compressed state.

8. A variable magnetic circuit breaker driving method, applied to a variable magnetic circuit breaker operating mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps are: The driving device (18) controls the energizing direction of the coil disk (15) according to the state change requirements of the arc extinguishing chamber (11), changes the direction of the magnetic field formed by the coil disk (15), and drives the moving iron core (13) to drive the insulating pull rod (12) to move.

9. A variable magnetic circuit breaker driving method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the arc extinguishing chamber (11) changes from a closed state to an open state, the control steps are: The disconnecting capacitor C1 has stored energy, closing the power tube Q1 and the power tube Q4 to form a discharge loop; The coil disk (15) generates a superimposed magnetic field in the same direction as the permanent magnet (16) when the disconnecting capacitor C1 is discharged, so as to magnetize the static iron core (14); When the suction force between the static iron core (14) and the moving iron core (13) exceeds the compression force of the closing spring (19), the moving iron core (13) moves to the opening position; The moving iron core (13) contacts the buffer gasket (17) to decelerate and stop, and forms a closed magnetic circuit with the permanent magnet (16) and the stationary iron core (14) to maintain an open state.

10. A variable magnetic circuit breaker driving method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the arc extinguishing chamber (11) changes from an open state to a closed state, the control steps are as follows: After the closing capacitor C2 stores energy, the power tube Q2 and the power tube Q3 are closed to form a discharge loop; The coil disk (15) generates a demagnetizing magnetic field in the opposite direction to the permanent magnet (16) when the closing capacitor C2 is discharged, so as to demagnetize the static iron core (14) and the permanent magnet (16); When the suction force between the static iron core (14) and the moving iron core (13) is smaller than the compression force of the closing spring (19), the moving iron core (13) moves to the closing position; The moving iron core (13) is maintained in a closed state by the holding force of the closing spring (19).

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