Electronic device

Abstract

According to the electronic equipment provided by the invention, a rear cover radiator comprises a first feeding point and at least one rear cover grounding point; the first signal source is arranged in the accommodating space, the first signal source is electrically connected to the first feeding point, the first signal source is used for providing a first excitation signal, and the first excitation signal is used for exciting the rear cover radiator to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band; the top edge radiator is arranged on the frame, a first coupling gap is formed between the top edge radiator and the rear cover radiator, and the top edge radiator comprises a first free end, a first tuning point and a first frame grounding point which are sequentially arranged at intervals; the first grounding point is electrically connected with the reference floor; one end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected with the first tuning point, the other end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected with the reference floor, when the first tuning circuit is configured to be in a short-circuit state, a directional diagram of the antenna assembly forms a first radiation lobe pointing to the facing side of the rear cover and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top edge is located, and the radiation quantity towards the top edge is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In electronic devices, GPS, Beidou satellite, and Tiantong satellite antennas have more and more applications. How to increase the radiation amount towards the top edge of the electronic device has become a technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an electronic device that can increase the radiation amount towards the top edge.

[0004] An electronic device provided by an embodiment of this application includes a reference ground plane, a frame, a rear cover, and an antenna assembly. The reference ground plane is disposed opposite to the rear cover. The frame surrounds the circumferences of the reference ground plane and the rear cover and forms an accommodation space. The frame includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge that are sequentially connected. The antenna assembly includes:

[0005] A rear cover radiator disposed on the rear cover. The rear cover radiator includes a first feeding point and at least one rear cover grounding point;

[0006] A first signal source disposed in the accommodation space. The first signal source is electrically connected to the first feeding point. The first signal source is used to provide a first excitation signal, and the first excitation signal is used to excite the rear cover radiator to form a first resonance mode that supports a first frequency band;

[0007] A top edge radiator disposed on the top edge. A first coupling gap is formed between the top edge radiator and the rear cover radiator. The top edge radiator includes a first free end, a first tuning point, and a first grounding point that are sequentially spaced apart. The first grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground plane; and

[0008] A first tuning circuit. One end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first tuning point, and the other end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the reference ground plane. When the first tuning circuit is configured in a short - circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly forms a first radiation lobe pointing towards the side of the rear cover and a second radiation lobe pointing towards the side where the top edge is located.

[0009] The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application has a rear cover radiator disposed on the rear cover. The rear cover radiator includes a first feeding point and at least one rear cover grounding point. A first signal source is disposed in the accommodation space and electrically connected to the first feeding point. The first signal source is used to provide a first excitation signal, and the first excitation signal is used to excite the rear cover radiator to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band. A top edge radiator is disposed on the frame, and a first coupling gap is formed between the top edge radiator and the rear cover radiator. The top edge radiator includes a first free end, a first tuning point, and a first frame grounding point that are sequentially spaced apart. The first grounding point is electrically connected to the reference ground plane. One end of a first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first tuning point, and the other end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the reference ground plane. When the first tuning circuit is configured to be in a short - circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly forms a first radiation lobe pointing to the side facing the rear cover and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top edge is located, enhancing the radiation amount towards the top edge. Description of the Drawings

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a partial exploded schematic diagram of the electronic device;

[0013] Figure 3 is a rear view of the electronic device;

[0014] Figure 4 is the radiation pattern when the tuning circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured to be in a short - circuit state;

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear cover grounding points of the rear cover radiator provided by the embodiment of the present application, including a first rear cover grounding point, a second rear cover grounding point, and a third rear cover grounding point;

[0016] Figure 6 is the S - parameter curve and efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the frame radiator including the top edge radiator provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna assembly further including a second signal source and a second matching circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figures 10a - 10c are schematic structural diagrams of three top-edge radiators provided by embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 11 are the coupled currents between the top edge and the side edge when the first tuning circuit provided by embodiments of the present application is configured in a short-circuit state;

[0022] Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by embodiments of the present application further including a fourth signal source and a fourth matching circuit;

[0023] Figure 13 is a left-hand circular polarization performance diagram of the rear cover radiator, top-edge radiator, parasitic radiator, and side-edge radiator provided by embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are in an open state;

[0024] Figure 14 is a left-hand circular polarization performance diagram of the rear cover radiator, top-edge radiator, parasitic radiator, and side-edge radiator provided by embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are in an open state;

[0025] Figure 15 is a left-hand circular polarization performance diagram of the rear cover radiator, top-edge radiator, parasitic radiator, and side-edge radiator provided by embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are in a short-circuit state;

[0026] Figure 16 is a comparison diagram of the left-hand circular polarization gains of the rear cover radiator, top-edge radiator, parasitic radiator, and side-edge radiator provided by embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are in a short-circuit state and an open state;

[0027] Figure 17 is a radiation pattern of the rear cover radiator, top-edge radiator, parasitic radiator, and side-edge radiator provided by embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are in a short-circuit state in a human head and hand call scenario;

[0028] Figure 18 is a SAR simulation diagram of the rear cover radiator, top-edge radiator, parasitic radiator, and side-edge radiator provided by embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are in a short-circuit state in a human head and hand call scenario;

[0029] Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular camera decorative member provided by embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of a circular rear cover radiator provided by embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of forming a left-handed current on an annular camera decoration provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the scenario where an operator holds an electronic device and a finger touches the rear cover radiator;

[0033] Figure 23 It is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application in a free scenario and after the rear cover radiator is touched by a finger;

[0034] Figure 24a It is the total field gain pattern of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application in a free scenario;

[0035] Figure 24b It is the total field gain pattern of the rear cover radiator after being touched by a finger provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 24c It is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application in a free scenario;

[0037] Figure 24d It is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the rear cover radiator after being touched by a finger provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 24e It is the pattern of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application in a free scenario;

[0039] Figure 24f It is the pattern of the rear cover radiator after being touched by a finger provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 25 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a camera decoration including a first arc portion, a second arc portion, and a conductive connection section provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 26 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna assembly further including a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first arc portion being electrically connected to the conductive connection section provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 28 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first arc portion and the conductive connection section forming a rear cover radiator in a hand-held state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 29are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the rear cover radiator formed by the first arc portion and the conductive connection section in the free state and when being held by a finger in the embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 30a is the total field gain pattern of the electronic device in the free scenario provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 30b is the total field gain pattern of the rear cover radiator when being held by a finger provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 30c is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the electronic device in the free scenario provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 30d is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the rear cover radiator when being held by a finger provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0049] Figure 30e is the pattern of the electronic device in the free scenario provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0050] Figure 30f is the pattern of the rear cover radiator when being held by a finger provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the formation of left-handed current on the rear cover radiator formed by the first arc portion and the conductive connection section provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 32 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear cover grounding points of the rear cover radiator including the fourth rear cover grounding point and the fifth rear cover grounding point provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator forming the fourth resonance mode provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator forming the first resonance mode provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0055] Figure 35 are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the rear cover radiator provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0056] Figure 36 is the left-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0057] Figure 37 is the right-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0058] Figures 38a - 38cIt is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, which further includes a fourth radiator;

[0059] Figure 39 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of a rear cover radiator and a fourth radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 40 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, which includes a first radiation section, a bent section, and a second radiation section connected in sequence;

[0061] Figure 41 It is the S-parameter and efficiency curves of a rear cover radiator and a fourth radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 42 It is the left-handed circular polarization gain of a rear cover radiator provided with a fourth radiator in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 43 It is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, which further includes a parasitic radiator and a second signal source;

[0064] Figure 44 It is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of a top edge radiator and a parasitic radiator in the fifth resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 45 It is an equivalent structure diagram of a top edge radiator, a parasitic radiator, and a rear cover radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 46 It is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of a top edge radiator, a parasitic radiator, and a rear cover radiator in the fifth resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 47 It is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of a top edge radiator and a parasitic radiator without a rear cover radiator and with a rear cover radiator in the fifth resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figures 48a - 48c It is the total length gain, left-handed circular polarization gain, and radiation pattern of a top edge radiator and a parasitic radiator without a rear cover radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figures 49a - 49c It is the radiation pattern of a top edge radiator and a parasitic radiator when a rear cover radiator is provided in an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0070] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0071] In the present application, the mention of "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an exclusive, independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0072] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example: a component or device including one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but optionally further includes one or more components not listed but inherent in the product shown, or one or more components that should be had based on the described function.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, devices with communication functions such as mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, computers, wearable devices, drones, robots, digital cameras, etc. The embodiment of the present application takes a mobile phone as an example for illustration, and other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2It is a partial exploded view of the electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. Taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300, and a rear cover 400 that are sequentially arranged in the thickness direction. Among them, the middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 that surrounds the periphery of the middle plate 310. The frame 320 can be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have the middle plate 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310, and the rear cover 400 are sequentially stacked. Accommodation spaces are formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the rear cover 400 to accommodate components such as a main board, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery, and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 surrounds the edge of the rear cover 400 to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integral structure, and the frame 320 and the rear cover 400 can be a split structure. The above is the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The figure shows a rear view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top side 321 and a bottom side 322 that are oppositely arranged, and a first side 323 and a second side 324 that connect the top side 321 and the bottom side 322. Among them, the top side 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 vertically, and the bottom side 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 vertically. The first side 323 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 vertically. The second side 324 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 vertically. Of course, the first side 323 can also be the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000, and the second side 324 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000.

[0076] Optionally, the electronic device 1000 further includes a reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 is disposed within the frame 320. The reference floor 500 is disposed opposite to the rear cover 400. The frame 320 surrounds the peripheral sides of the reference floor 500 and the rear cover 400 and forms a receiving space. The shape of the reference floor 500 is generally rectangular. Due to the need to arrange components or avoid other structures in the mobile phone, various slots, holes, etc. are provided on the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes, but is not limited to, the metal alloy part of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal part of the circuit board (including the main board and the secondary board). Generally speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalently regarded as a roughly rectangular shape, so it is called the reference floor 500. Among them, the reference floor 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is plate-shaped and is a rectangular plate.

[0077] The following is an example of the specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 3 , the antenna assembly 100 includes a rear cover radiator 11, a first signal source 21, a frame radiator 12, and a tuning circuit 30.

[0079] The rear cover radiator 11 is disposed on the rear cover 400. Optionally, the rear cover radiator 11 is part or all of the conductor on the rear cover 400. Optionally, the conductors on the rear cover 400 include, but are not limited to, the camera decorative part 410, the conductive plate for protection or improving the appearance texture, or the heat dissipation plate disposed on the rear cover 400 for heat dissipation, etc. Optionally, the form of the rear cover radiator 11 includes, but is not limited to, the flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), the laser direct structuring (LDS) antenna formed by laser direct structuring, the print direct structuring (PDS) antenna formed by printing directly, the conductive sheet antenna (such as a metal bracket antenna), or a structural member mounted on the rear cover 400.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 3 , the rear cover radiator 11 includes a first feeding point A1 and at least one rear cover grounding point B.

[0081] The first signal source 21 is disposed on the main board 600 within the accommodation space. The first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the first feeding point A1. The first signal source 21 is used to provide a first excitation signal. The first excitation signal is used to excite the rear cover radiator 11 to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band. The first frequency band includes but is not limited to the GPS frequency band, the Beidou satellite frequency band, and the Tiantong satellite frequency band. In this application, taking the first frequency band as the Tiantong satellite frequency band as an example, for example, the satellite communication frequency band is 1980 - 2200 MHz. The transmitting frequency band of the satellite communication frequency band: 1980 - 2010 MHz, and the receiving frequency band of the satellite communication frequency band: 2017 - 2200 MHz.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 3 , the frame radiator 12 is disposed on the frame 320. The frame radiator 12 can be disposed on at least one of the top edge 321, the first side edge 323, and the second side edge 324. This application does not make specific limitations on the form of the frame radiator 12. Optionally, the form of the frame radiator 12 includes but is not limited to a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame 320, a metal radiator located inside or on the surface of the frame 320, a conductive sheet antenna (such as a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, taking the frame radiator 12 as a part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000 as an example.

[0083] For example, the rear cover radiator 11 is the camera decoration 410. Due to the appearance design, the distance between the camera decoration 410 and the frame 320 antenna is relatively small. For example, the coupling gap between the frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11 is less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11 are spaced apart and form magnetic field or electric field coupling. The gap between the frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11 is the coupling gap. "Magnetic field (or electric field) coupling" means that a magnetic field (or electric field) is generated in the coupling gap between the frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11, and the signal of the frame radiator 12 can be transmitted to the rear cover radiator 11 through the magnetic field (or electric field), so that the frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11 can achieve electrical signal conduction even when they are not directly electrically connected. This application does not make specific limitations on the size of the coupling gap between the frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 3 , the frame radiator 12 includes a first free end D1, a tuning point E, and a frame ground point F that are sequentially and spaced apart. The free end is an end formed by disconnecting from the reference floor 500 and setting a slit on the frame 320. The frame ground point F is electrically connected to the reference floor 500, and the electrical connection method includes but is not limited to physical connection integrated with the reference floor 500 or electrical connection through a grounding spring piece.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 3 , one end of the tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the tuning point E, and the other end of the tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. The tuning circuit 30 includes a short-circuit state, an open-circuit state, or a tuning state of a conducting tuning element. Among them, the tuning element includes an inductor, a capacitor, etc.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 4 , when the tuning circuit 30 is configured in a short-circuit state, the tuning point E and the frame ground point F are both electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. In this application, by changing the impedance state at the tuning point E, the coupled current amount on the frame radiator 12 is changed, and further the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the first frequency band is tuned. In this embodiment, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a first radiation lobe pointing to the side facing the rear cover 400 and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top edge 321 is located. The radiation lobes pointing to the side facing the rear cover 400 and the side where the top edge 321 is located can expand the radiation beam width of the electronic device radiating upward when operating in the first frequency band, and enhance the radiation of GPS, Beidou satellite, and Tiantong satellite antennas to the top of the electronic device. For example, when the first frequency band is the Tiantong satellite frequency band, the radiation lobes pointing to the side facing the rear cover 400 and the side where the top edge 321 is located can expand the radiation beam width of the electronic device radiating upward when operating in the Tiantong satellite frequency band, and further facilitate quickly connecting to a good satellite signal when searching for a satellite signal or the direction of the satellite signal source is uncertain.

[0087] Optionally, the tuning circuit 30 at least includes a tuning switch, and the tuning switch is configured to be in a short-circuit state or an open-circuit state under the action of a controller.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 8 , when the frame radiator 12 is the top-edge radiator 13. The top-edge radiator 13 is disposed on the top edge 321, and a first coupling gap is formed between the top-edge radiator 13 and the rear-cover radiator 11. The top-edge radiator 13 includes a first free end D1, a first tuning point E1, and a first ground point F1 that are sequentially arranged at intervals. The first ground point F1 is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500; the tuning circuit 30 includes a first tuning circuit 31. One end of the first tuning circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first tuning point E1, and the other end of the first tuning circuit 31 is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. When the first tuning circuit 31 is configured in a short-circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a first radiation lobe pointing to the side facing the rear cover 400 and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top edge 321 is located.

[0089] The electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided with the rear cover radiator 11 on the rear cover 400. The rear cover radiator 11 includes a first feeding point A1 and at least one rear cover grounding point B. The first signal source 21 is arranged in the accommodating space. The first signal source 21 is electrically connected to the first feeding point A1. The first signal source 21 is used to provide a first excitation signal. The first excitation signal is used to excite the rear cover radiator 11 to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band. The frame radiator 12 is arranged on the frame 320. A coupling gap is formed between the frame radiator 12 and the rear cover radiator 11. The frame radiator 12 includes a first free end D1, a tuning point E, and a frame grounding point F which are arranged at intervals in sequence. The frame grounding point F is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. One end of the tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the tuning point E. The other end of the tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. When the tuning circuit 30 is configured in a short-circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a first radiation lobe pointing to the side where the rear cover 400 faces and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top edge 321 is located, expanding the radiation beam width of the electronic device 1000 radiating upward when operating in the first frequency band, and enhancing the radiation of GPS, Beidou satellite, and Tiantong satellite antennas to the top of the electronic device 1000.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a camera decorative piece 410 arranged on the rear cover 400. In this embodiment, at least part of the camera decorative piece 410 is the rear cover radiator 11 of the antenna assembly 100. By setting the camera decorative piece 410 in the rear cover 400 as the rear cover radiator 11 of the antenna assembly 100, the camera decorative piece 410 in the rear cover 400 is reused, and there is no need to additionally set an antenna radiator. The position where the camera decorative piece 410 is located is conducive to generating a beam on the side where the rear cover 400 faces, which is conducive to communication during a satellite call with a person's head and hand. Since the camera decorative piece 410 on the rear cover 400 has a relatively large area, the range of frequency bands that can be supported is relatively wide, for example, it can support up to the satellite communication frequency band, improving the radiation performance of the antenna assembly 100. In addition, setting the camera decorative piece 410 in the rear cover 400 as the rear cover radiator 11 of the antenna assembly 100 has a good clearance, which can improve the antenna performance. In addition, the camera decorative piece 410 in the rear cover 400 has a certain interval from other antennas on the electronic device 1000, so that it has a good isolation degree.

[0091] Further, the outer contour shape of the camera decorative piece 410 includes but is not limited to being circular, square, rectangular, a shape formed by a semi-circle and a semi-rectangle, etc. The shape of the camera decorative piece 410 includes but is not limited to being annular.

[0092] In this embodiment, the rear cover radiator 11 is annular. For example, it can be circular annular, rectangular annular, semi - circular - semi - rectangular annular. In this embodiment, the rear cover radiator 11 being annular is beneficial to form left - hand or right - hand current, and then form a circularly polarized wave, that is, the first resonance mode is a circularly polarized mode. Since the GPS frequency band, Beidou satellite frequency band, and Tiantong satellite frequency band all have better transmission efficiency through circularly polarized waves, the circularly polarized mode formed by the rear cover radiator 11 in this embodiment has better working efficiency for the GPS frequency band, Beidou satellite frequency band, and Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0093] This application does not limit the specific mode of the first resonance mode. The first resonance mode is the n / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. n is an integer greater than 1. For example, the first resonance mode is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, or 1 - fold wavelength mode, or 2 - fold wavelength mode, etc. of the first frequency band.

[0094] The following will give examples of the specific structure of the rear cover radiator 11 in conjunction with the drawings. Of course, the rear cover radiator 11 provided in this application includes but is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 5 , the rear cover grounding points B of the rear cover radiator 11 include a first rear cover grounding point B1, a second rear cover grounding point B2, and a third rear cover grounding point B3.

[0096] Both the first rear cover grounding point B1 and the second rear cover grounding point B2 are located between the first central axis L1 and the first side 323, and between the second central axis L2 and the top side 321. The distance between the first rear cover grounding point B1 and the top side 321 is less than the distance between the second rear cover grounding point B2 and the top side 321.

[0097] Both the third rear cover grounding point B3 and the first feeding point A1 are located between the first central axis L1 and the second side 324. The first feeding point A1 is located between the second central axis L2 and the top side 321. The third rear cover grounding point B3 is located between the second central axis L2 and the bottom side. The first central axis L1 is an axis parallel to the first side 323 and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator 11. The second central axis L2 is an axis parallel to the top side 321 and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator 11.

[0098] The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first matching circuit M1, which is electrically connected between the first feeding point A1 and the first signal source 21. The first matching circuit M1 is used to achieve impedance matching between the first signal source 21 and the rear cover radiator 11. Specifically, the first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. By adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the first signal source 21 and the port of the rear cover radiator 11, the first matching circuit M1 facilitates the excitation of a resonance mode supporting the first frequency band on the rear cover radiator 11 by the first signal source 21.

[0099] Optionally, the first matching circuit M1 is further used to switch the rear cover radiator 11 to operate in the transmission frequency band or the reception frequency band of the target communication frequency band, and has good impedance matching when the rear cover radiator 11 operates in both the transmission frequency band and the reception frequency band of the target communication frequency band.

[0100] The first matching circuit M1 may further include a first switching element, and the first switching element can switch the first matching circuit M1 to an open state, a short-circuit state, or a matching tuning state, where the matching tuning state refers to a state in which the first switching element conducts electricity between the inductor or capacitor and the rear cover radiator 11.

[0101] During the operation in the satellite communication frequency band, the antenna assembly 100 transmits and receives satellite signals in a time-sharing manner. The first switching element is configured to be in a short-circuit state or a matching tuning state, so that the first matching circuit M1 switches the rear cover radiator 11 to operate in the transmission frequency band or the reception frequency band of the target communication frequency band; or, the first switching element is configured to be in a first matching tuning state or a second matching tuning state, so that the first matching circuit M1 switches the rear cover radiator 11 to operate in the transmission frequency band or the reception frequency band of the target communication frequency band. The first matching tuning state and the second matching tuning state are two states with different impedances of the first matching circuit M1.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present application, both the first signal source 21 and the first matching circuit M1 are disposed on the main board 600. The first signal source 21 and the matching circuit M1 can be electrically connected through a radio frequency transmission line, and the first matching circuit M1 and the first feeding point A1 can be electrically connected through a feeding elastic sheet.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6It is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Among them, curve a1 is the S-parameter curve of the rear cover radiator 11, curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11, and curve a3 is the total efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11. It can be seen from the S-parameter curve that the resonance frequency band of the rear cover radiator 11 is 2.1 GHz, and the rear cover radiator 11 can support the satellite frequency band. It can be seen from the total efficiency curve that the rear cover radiator 11 has a high efficiency in the satellite frequency band, for example, greater than -4 dB.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator 11 provided by the embodiments of the present application. The first resonance mode is the 2-wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The rear cover radiator 11 is annular, that is, the first excitation signal excites the 2-wavelength ring mode of the rear cover radiator 11 (the overall camera decoration 410).

[0105] Specifically, the resonance current of the first resonance mode forms four zero points on the rear cover radiator 11. The current modes between two adjacent zero points are respectively 1 / 2-wavelength modes, and the current intensity distribution of each 1 / 2-wavelength mode is weak-strong-weak, and the current directions of two adjacent 1 / 2-wavelength modes are opposite. That is, the resonance current of the first resonance mode forms four current strong points on the rear cover radiator 11, and the positions of the four current strong points are the first rear cover ground point B1, the second rear cover ground point B2, the third rear cover ground point B3, and the first feeding point A1.

[0106] In the first embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 , the frame radiator 12 includes a top-edge radiator 13. A first coupling gap is formed between the top-edge radiator 13 and the rear cover radiator 11. The frame ground point F on the top-edge radiator 13 is the first ground point F1. The tuning point E on the top-edge radiator 13 is the first tuning point E1. The tuning circuit 30 includes a first tuning circuit 31. The first tuning circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first tuning point E1. That is, the tuning circuit 30 electrically connected to the first tuning point E1 of the top-edge radiator 13 is the first tuning circuit 31.

[0107] Optionally, please refer to Figure 9, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a second signal source 22 and a second matching circuit M2. The second signal source 22 is used to provide a second excitation signal for the first frequency band. The second matching circuit M2 includes the first tuning circuit 31. The second matching circuit M2 is electrically connected between the second signal source 22 and the first tuning point E1. The second excitation signal is used to excite the top-edge radiator 13 to form a second resonance mode that supports the first frequency band. The mode of the top-edge radiator 13 supporting the first frequency band is the top-edge 321 radiation mode. At this time, the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point A1 can be in a disconnected state or a conducting state, that is, the first resonance mode can be generated simultaneously or not generated at this time.

[0108] Specifically, the second matching circuit M2 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The second matching circuit M2 adjusts the impedance matching between the port of the second signal source 22 and the port of the top-edge radiator 13, which is beneficial for the second signal source 22 to excite a resonance mode that supports the first frequency band on the top-edge radiator 13.

[0109] The second matching circuit M2 may further include a second switching element. The second switching element can switch the second matching circuit M2 to a short-circuit state, an open-circuit state, or a matching tuning state, where the matching tuning state refers to the state where the second switching element conducts the inductor or the capacitor and the top-edge radiator 13.

[0110] Optionally, the first frequency band is at least one of a GPS frequency band, a Beidou satellite frequency band, and a Tiantong satellite frequency band. The second signal source 22 can also provide a third excitation signal for a mobile communication frequency band. Thus, the top-edge radiator 13 can also support a mobile communication frequency band, such as an MHB frequency band. The top-edge radiator 13 can also be used as an MHB antenna. When the second signal source 22 switches from providing the second excitation signal to the third excitation signal, the second switching element in the second matching circuit M2 changes its conduction line to switch the impedance of the second matching circuit M2, so as to achieve impedance matching of the top-edge radiator 13 in both the satellite communication frequency band and the mobile communication frequency band.

[0111] In the first optional implementation manner, please refer to Figure 10a , the two ends of the top-edge radiator 13 are the first free end D1 and the first grounding point F1, and the first tuning point E1 is located between the first grounding point F1 and the first free end D1. The electrical length between the first free end D1 and the first grounding point F1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The antenna form of the top-edge radiator 13 is an IFA antenna. The second resonance mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. Further, the second resonance mode is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The resonance mode of the top-edge radiator 13 when operating in the mobile communication frequency band is a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the MHB frequency band.

[0112] In the second alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 10b , the two ends of the top edge radiator 13 are the first free end D1 and the second free end D2. The first grounding point F1 is located between the first free end D1 and the second free end D2. Further, the first grounding point F1 can be located near the center position of the top edge radiator 13. The first tuning point E1 is located between the first grounding point F1 and the first free end D1. The electrical length between the first free end D1 and the second free end D2 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. At this time, the antenna form of the top edge radiator 13 can be a T-shaped antenna. The second resonance mode includes the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. Further, the second resonance mode is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The resonance mode of the top edge radiator 13 when operating in the mobile communication frequency band is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the MHB frequency band.

[0113] In the third alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 10c , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a parasitic radiator 14. The parasitic radiator 14 includes a third free end D3 and a first grounding end F2. A coupling gap is formed between the third free end D3 and the first free end D1. At least part of the parasitic radiator 14 is disposed on the top edge 321. The parasitic radiator 14 and the top edge radiator 13 form an IFA+L or T+L antenna form.

[0114] Please refer to Figure 7 , in the embodiment where the frame radiator 12 includes the top edge radiator 13, when the first tuning circuit 31 is configured to be in an open state, the rear cover radiator 11 forms a first resonance mode under the excitation of the first signal source 21, and the top edge radiator 13 forms a first coupling current Q1 under the coupling with the rear cover radiator 11.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 11 , when the first tuning circuit 31 is configured to be in a short-circuit state, the rear cover radiator 11 forms a first resonance mode under the excitation of the first signal source 21, and the top edge radiator 13 forms a second coupling current Q2 under the coupling with the rear cover radiator 11. Among them, the current intensity of the second coupling current Q2 is less than the current intensity of the first coupling current Q1.

[0116] Further, when the first tuning circuit 31 is configured to be in an open state, the distance between the top edge radiator 13 and the rear cover radiator 11 is small, and the electrical length of the top edge radiator 13 is 1 / 4 wavelength or 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. These conditions enable the top edge radiator 13 to form more coupling currents under the coupling of the rear cover radiator 11, and the resonance mode formed on the rear cover radiator 11 is the main radiation mode. The radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a main radiation lobe pointing to the side where the rear cover 400 faces, that is, the gain in the direction perpendicular to the rear cover 400 is better.

[0117] Further, when the first tuning circuit 31 is configured to be in a short - circuit state, since the electric potential between the first tuning point E1 and the first grounding point F1 is the same, the structure and electrical length of the top - edge radiator 13 change, and the boundary conditions of the top - edge radiator 13 change, resulting in a reduction in the coupled current formed by the top - edge radiator 13 under the coupling of the rear - cover radiator 11. The reduction in the coupled current on the top - edge radiator 13 causes less current on the reference ground plane 500 to be transmitted longitudinally. Thus, it is beneficial to form a radiation lobe on the side where the top - edge 321 is located. Compared with the main radiation lobe pointing to the side where the rear - cover 400 faces when the first tuning circuit 31 is configured to be in an open - circuit state, in this embodiment, by switching the first tuning circuit 31 to a short - circuit state, the coupled current on the top - edge radiator 13 is reduced, and then a first radiation lobe pointing to the side where the rear - cover 400 faces and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top - edge 321 is located are formed, expanding the radiation beam width of the upward radiation in the orientation of the electronic device 1000 when operating in the first frequency band, and enhancing the radiation of GPS, Beidou satellite, and Tiantong satellite antennas to the top of the electronic device 1000. By controlling the impedance states of the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 30, the reconfiguration of the radiation pattern can be achieved.

[0118] In the second embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 , the frame radiator 12 includes at least one side radiator 15. The side radiator 15 is disposed on the first side - edge 323 and / or the second side - edge 324. For example, the frame radiator 12 includes a first - side radiator 121, and the first - side radiator 121 is disposed on the first side - edge 323. Or, the frame radiator 12 includes a second - side radiator 122, and the second - side radiator 122 is disposed on the second side - edge 324. Or, the frame radiator 12 includes a first - side radiator 121 and a second - side radiator 122, the first - side radiator 121 is disposed on the first side - edge 323, and the second - side radiator 122 is disposed on the second side - edge 324.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 8 , a second coupling gap is formed between the side radiator 15 and the rear - cover radiator 11. The frame grounding point F on the side radiator 15 is the second grounding point F3. The tuning point E on the side radiator 15 is the second tuning point E2. The tuning circuit 30 includes at least one second tuning circuit 32. The second tuning circuit 32 is electrically connected to the second tuning point E2. That is, the tuning circuit 30 electrically connected to the tuning point E of the side radiator 15 is denoted as the second tuning circuit 32.

[0120] Optionally, please refer to Figure 12, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a fourth signal source 24 and a fourth matching circuit M4. The fourth signal source 24 is used to provide a fourth excitation signal in the mobile communication frequency band. The fourth matching circuit M4 may include a second tuning circuit 32. The fourth matching circuit M4 is electrically connected between the fourth signal source 24 and the second tuning point E2. The fourth excitation signal is used to excite the side radiator 15 to form a sixth resonance mode supporting the third frequency band, and the mode of the side radiator 15 supporting the third frequency band is the side radiation mode. At this time, the fourth signal source 24 and the second tuning point E2 may be in a disconnected state or a conducting state, that is, the fourth resonance mode may be generated or not generated at the same time. Optionally, the third frequency band is at least one of a satellite communication frequency band, an LB frequency band, an MHB frequency band, and a UHB frequency band.

[0121] Specifically, the fourth matching circuit M4 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The fourth matching circuit M4 adjusts the impedance matching between the port of the fourth signal source 24 and the port of the side radiator 15, which is beneficial for the fourth signal source 24 to excite a resonance mode supporting the third frequency band on the side radiator 15.

[0122] The fourth matching circuit M4 may further include a fourth switching element, and the fourth switching element can switch the fourth matching circuit M4 to a short-circuit state, an open-circuit state, or a matching tuning state, where the matching tuning state refers to a state in which the fourth switching element conducts the inductor or the capacitor and the side radiator 15.

[0123] Optionally, please refer to Figure 8 , when the second tuning circuit 32 is configured to be in a short-circuit state, at least a part of the side radiator 15 forms a notch structure 40.

[0124] A resonance mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the notch structure 40, and then a resonance current is excited on the notch structure 40 to enhance the side coupling current. Furthermore, the current on the reference ground 500 is suppressed in the notch structure 40, and the current on the reference ground 500 transmitted longitudinally downward is reduced. Furthermore, the radiation field radiated downward is weakened, which is beneficial for forming a second radiation lobe toward the top edge 321. From another perspective, when the coupling current between the side radiator 15 and the rear cover radiator 11 is relatively large, the coupling current between the top edge radiator 13 and the rear cover radiator 11 is relatively small. Reducing the current on the reference ground 500 transmitted longitudinally downward can also be beneficial for forming a second radiation lobe toward the top edge 321.

[0125] Optionally, the electrical length of the notch structure 40 is 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, so as to facilitate the formation of a 1 / 4 wavelength resonance mode supporting the first frequency band on the notch structure 40.

[0126] In an alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 8, the side radiator 15 includes a fourth free end D4 and a second ground end F4. The second tuning point E2 is located between the fourth free end D4 and the second ground end F4. The second ground end F4 is grounded. The distance between the second tuning point E2 and the second ground end F4 is less than the distance between the second tuning point E2 and the fourth free end D4. When the second tuning point E2 is configured to be electrically connected to the fourth signal source 24, the side radiator 15 is an IFA antenna. When the second tuning circuit 32 is switched to the short - circuit state, the electrical length between the fourth free end D4 and the second tuning point E2 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, and a 1 / 4 - wavelength resonance mode supporting the first frequency band is formed between the fourth free end D4 and the second tuning point E2. If the electrical length between the fourth free end D4 and the ground point is much less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, the inductive element in the fourth matching circuit M4 can be connected in series with the second tuning circuit 32, so that the sum of the electrical length between the fourth free end D4 and the second tuning point E2 and the equivalent electrical length of the inductive element in the fourth matching circuit M4 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, and then a 1 / 4 - wavelength resonance mode supporting the first frequency band is formed.

[0127] In another alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 , the side radiator 15 includes a fifth free end D5 and a third ground end F5. The second tuning point E2 is located between the fifth free end D5 and the third ground end F5. The third ground end F5 is grounded. The second tuning point E2 is close to the fifth free end D5. When the second tuning point E2 is configured to be electrically connected to the fourth signal source 24, the side radiator 15 is a loop antenna. When the second tuning circuit 32 is switched to the short - circuit state, the matching element (such as a capacitive element) in the fourth matching circuit M4 can be connected in series with the second tuning circuit 32, so that the resonance point of the equivalent LC resonance circuit formed by the side radiator 15 and the matching element in the fourth matching circuit M4 is the center frequency of the first frequency band, and then a resonance mode supporting the first frequency band is formed.

[0128] Please refer to Figure 7 , in the embodiment where the frame radiator 12 includes the side radiator 15, when the second tuning circuit 32 is configured to be in the open - circuit state, the rear - cover radiator 11 forms a first resonance mode under the excitation of the first signal source 21, and the side radiator 15 forms a third coupling current Q3 under the coupling with the rear - cover radiator 11.

[0129] Please refer to Figure 11 , when the second tuning circuit 32 is configured to be in the short - circuit state, the rear - cover radiator 11 forms a first resonance mode under the excitation of the first signal source 21, and the side radiator 15 forms a fourth coupling current Q4 under the coupling with the rear - cover radiator 11. Among them, the current intensity of the fourth coupling current Q4 is greater than the current intensity of the third coupling current Q3.

[0130] Furthermore, when the second tuning circuit 32 is configured in a short - circuit state, since at least part of the side radiator 15 forms a notch structure 40, a resonance mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the notch structure 40. Then, a resonance current is excited on the notch structure 40, enhancing the side - coupled current. Thus, the current on the reference ground plane 500 is suppressed in the notch structure 40, reducing the downward longitudinal transmission of the current on the reference ground plane 500, and further weakening the radiation field radiating downward, which is beneficial to forming a second radiation lobe towards the top edge 321. Compared with the main radiation lobe pointing to the side of the rear cover 400 when the second tuning circuit 32 is configured in an open - circuit state, in this embodiment, by switching the second tuning circuit 32 to a short - circuit state, the coupled current on the side radiator 15 is increased, and thus a first radiation lobe pointing to the side of the rear cover 400 and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top edge 321 is located are formed (please refer to Figure 4 ), expanding the radiation beam width radiating upward when the electronic device 1000 operates in the first frequency band, and enhancing the radiation from GPS, Beidou satellite, and Tiantong satellite antennas to the top of the electronic device 1000.

[0131] The number of the side radiators 15 is multiple. The multiple side radiators 15 are arranged on the same side or two opposite sides. The tuning point E of each side radiator 15 is grounded. At least part of each side radiator 15 forms the notch structure 40.

[0132] Optionally, please refer to Figure 8 , the frame radiator 12 includes a first side radiator 121 and a second side radiator 122. The second tuning circuit 32 electrically connected to the first side radiator 121 is configured in a short - circuit state, and at least part of the first side radiator 121 forms a first notch structure 41. The second tuning circuit 32 electrically connected to the second side radiator 122 is configured in a short - circuit state, and at least part of the second side radiator 122 forms a second notch structure 42. In this embodiment, both the first side radiator 121 and the second side radiator 122 can form a resonance mode supporting the first frequency band, thus forming more side - coupled currents, reducing the coupled current on the top edge 321, further reducing the downward longitudinal transmission of the current on the reference ground plane 500, and enhancing the intensity of the radiation lobe radiating towards the top edge 321.

[0133] Optionally, the intensity of the coupled current on the side radiator 15 on the first side 323 is different from the intensity of the coupled current on the side radiator 15 on the second side 324.

[0134] For example, please refer to Figure 8, the number of the first notch structures 41 on the first side 323 is configured to be more than the number of the second notch structures 42 on the second side 324, and the coupling current intensity on the side radiator 15 of the first side 323 is greater than the coupling current intensity on the side radiator 15 of the second side 324. Thus, the first radiation lobe shifts to the right, enhancing the right-handed circular polarization gain and being used for the receiving frequency band of the frequency band transmitted through the right-handed circular polarization wave, such as the Beidou satellite frequency band.

[0135] For another example, the number of the first notch structures 41 on the first side 323 is configured to be less than the number of the second notch structures 42 on the second side 324, and the coupling current intensity on the side radiator 15 of the first side 323 is less than the coupling current intensity on the side radiator 15 of the second side 324. Thus, the first radiation lobe shifts to the left, enhancing the left-handed circular polarization gain and being used for the transmitting frequency band of the frequency band transmitted through the left-handed circular polarization wave, such as the transmitting frequency band of the Beidou satellite frequency band and the receiving and transmitting frequency band of the antenna satellite frequency band.

[0136] The above embodiments of the present application can also be switched by a switch to implement a pattern including a first radiation lobe, or a first radiation lobe + a second radiation lobe, or a first radiation lobe + a second radiation lobe shifted to the left, or a first radiation lobe + a second radiation lobe shifted to the right.

[0137] In the third embodiment, the frame radiator 12 includes a top side radiator 13 and a side radiator 15. This embodiment can refer to the content of the embodiment in which the frame radiator 12 includes the top side radiator 13 and the content of the embodiment in which the frame radiator 12 includes the side radiator 15.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator 11, the top side radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14, and the side radiator 15 provided by the embodiment of the present application when both the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are in an open state. It can be seen from the figure that when the first tuning circuit 31 is in an open state, more top side 321 coupling currents are formed on the top side radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14. Specifically, an E-E (electric field - electric field) balance mode is formed between the top side radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 between the second free end D2 and the first ground point F1. The current directions on the first ground point F1 and the first free end D1 are opposite to the current directions on the first ground point F1 and the second free end D2. It can be seen from the figure that when the second tuning circuit 32 is in an open state, a coupling current is formed on the side radiator 15 on the second side 324.

[0139] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13It is the left - hand circular polarization performance diagram of the rear - cover radiator 11, top - edge radiator 13, parasitic radiator 14, and side - edge radiator 15 provided by the embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are in an open - circuit state. It can be seen that at 2.16 GHz, the radiation efficiency is - 3 dB, and the total efficiency is - 3.2 dB. At this time, the total gain is 3.555 dBi, and the gain of the left - hand circular polarization reaches 2.991 dBi, indicating that good left - hand circular polarization performance is generated at this time, and the left - hand is the main polarization. However, at this time, since a lot of current is coupled to the top - edge radiator 13, the upward radiation is suppressed. Therefore, the upward radiation is very weak at this time, and the main radiation direction is perpendicular to the direction of the rear cover 400.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear - cover radiator 11, top - edge radiator 13, parasitic radiator 14, and side - edge radiator 15 provided by the embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are in a short - circuit state. The short - circuit of the first tuning circuit 31 to the ground can change the grounding position of the top - edge radiator 13, destroy the coupling circuit of the top - edge 321, making it difficult for current to be coupled to the top - edge radiator 13, and not easy to form a coupling current between the parasitic radiator 14, the first grounding point F1, and the second free end D2 (not easy to form Figure 11 J2, J4 in ), and at this time, the current intensity of the left - upper - corner branch is greatly weakened. And the short - circuit of the second tuning circuit 32 connecting the first side - edge radiator 121 and the second side - edge radiator 122 to the ground can enhance the coupling current coupled to the first side - edge 323 and the second side - edge 324, that is, generate the side - notch structure 40, making more coupling current coupled to the side, so as to enhance the coupling current on the side and also suppress the downward transmission of the current on the reference ground plane 500.

[0141] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is the left - hand circular polarization performance diagram of the rear - cover radiator 11, top - edge radiator 13, parasitic radiator 14, and side - edge radiator 15 provided by the embodiments of the present application when both the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are in a short - circuit state. It can be seen that at 2.18 GHz, the radiation efficiency is - 3.2 dB, and the total efficiency is - 3.4 dB. At this time, the total gain is 2.18 dBi. At this time, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a first radiation lobe on the side facing the rear cover 400 and a second radiation lobe on the side facing the top - edge 321.

[0142] Please refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14It is the left-handed circular polarization performance diagram of the rear cover radiator 11, top edge radiator 13, parasitic radiator 14, and side radiator 15 provided by the embodiments of the present application when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in an open circuit state. The top gain within the wireframe in the figure is -8 dBi.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 15 , Figure 15 It is the left-handed circular polarization performance diagram of the rear cover radiator 11, top edge radiator 13, parasitic radiator 14, and side radiator 15 provided by the embodiments of the present application when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short circuit state. The top gain within the wireframe in the figure is -2 dBi. By comparison, it can be seen that the top gain in the left-handed circular polarization performance when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short circuit state increases by up to 6 dBi.

[0144] Please refer to Figure 16 , Figure 16 It is the comparison diagram of the left-handed circular polarization gains of the rear cover radiator 11, top edge radiator 13, parasitic radiator 14, and side radiator 15 provided by the embodiments of the present application when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short circuit state and an open circuit state. Curve a is the left-handed circular polarization gain when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in an open circuit state, and curve b is the left-handed circular polarization gain when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short circuit state. Among them, 0 degrees is the top direction, and 90 degrees is the side facing the rear cover 400. It can be seen that the main radiation lobe when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in an open circuit state is the side facing the rear cover 400, and the main radiation lobes when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short circuit state are the top direction and the side facing the rear cover 400, and the radiation lobes in the top direction and the side facing the rear cover 400 form a beam with a relatively wide coverage range, such as 0° - 120°. It can be seen that the radiation of the top edge 321 is greatly improved when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short circuit state, while the radiation gain in the direction perpendicular to the rear cover 400 is better when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in an open circuit state. Therefore, by setting a switch selection in the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32, a reconfigurable design of the radiation pattern can be realized, and a high-range coverage of the left-handed circular polarization gain in the two main directions of the rear cover 400 - top edge 321 can be achieved.

[0145] Please refer to Figure 17 , Figure 17It is the radiation pattern of the rear cover radiator 11, the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14, and the side radiator 15 provided by the embodiment of the present application when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short - circuit state in the head - hand call scenario. It can be seen that the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 when the electronic device 1000 is in the head - hand call scenario and the tuning circuit 30 is configured to be in a short - circuit state is in the direction pointing to the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323. Optionally, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 when the electronic device 1000 is in the head - hand call scenario and the tuning circuit 30 is configured to be in a short - circuit state points to the direction of the junction of the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323. For example, in the figure, when the angle between the Y - axis of the electronic device 1000 and the vertical ground is between 30° and 45°, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 when the electronic device 1000 is in the head - hand call scenario and the tuning circuit 30 is configured to be in a short - circuit state is in the direction pointing close to the vertical ground and away from the ground, that is, vertically upward, so as to facilitate communication with satellites in the high altitude.

[0146] After adjusting the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32, the top - radiation component of the formed radiation pattern increases, and the radiation pattern in the hand - held call scenario is mainly upward (perpendicular to the ground). This is because the electric field formed between the radiator and the reference floor 500 and the electric field loaded by the hand are superimposed to form a synthetic electric field mainly perpendicular to the ground and upward. Under the action of the synthetic electric field, a radiation lobe mainly perpendicular to the ground and upward is formed, thereby increasing the upper - hemisphere occupancy ratio of the satellite communication frequency band. Thus, the electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application has the potential to hold and dial a satellite phone in the head - hand call scenario.

[0147] Please refer to Figure 9 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a switch control circuit 50. The top - edge radiator 13 further includes a second feeding point A2. The antenna assembly 100 further includes a second signal source 22, and the second signal source 22 is used to provide an excitation signal of the first frequency band. The switch control circuit 50 is electrically connected between the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point A1, and is also electrically connected between the second signal source 22 and the second feeding point A2. The switch control circuit 50 is used to configure the electrical connection between the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point A1 to be conducted when the electronic device 1000 is in the head - hand call scenario.

[0148] The head - hand satellite call scenario is a call scenario where the operator holds the electronic device 1000 near the head. In this scenario, since the top - edge radiator 13 and the side - edge radiator 15 are located close to the head, they are prone to frequency deviation or inability to receive and transmit satellite signals due to the influence of head - medium loading. At this time, due to the reflection of the display metal plate, the electromagnetic influence of the rear - cover radiator 11 on the head is small, and the influence of head - medium loading is small or basically non - existent. At this time, the switch control circuit 50 conducts the electrical connection between the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point A1, and mainly receives and transmits satellite signals through the rear - cover radiator 11 to ensure good satellite communication when the electronic device 1000 is in the head - hand satellite call scenario. Optionally, the electronic device 1000 being placed near the head specifically means that the distance between the top - edge radiator 13 on the electronic device 1000 and the human head is less than 5 cm.

[0149] Optionally, the switch control circuit 50 is further configured to conduct the electrical connection between the second signal source 22 and the second feeding point A2 when the electronic device 1000 is in a call scenario far from the human head.

[0150] Among them, the call scenario far from the human head is a scenario where the operator holds the electronic device 1000 away from the human head and makes a call. In this scenario, since the top - edge radiator 13 on the top edge 321 is far from the human head, the influence of the human - head medium on the top - edge radiator 13 does not need to be considered. When the working efficiency of the top - edge radiator 13 is greater than that of the rear - cover radiator 11, the switch control circuit 50 is configured to conduct the electrical connection between the second signal source 22 and the second feeding point A2 to control the top - edge radiator 13 to work in the satellite communication frequency band. If the working efficiency of the rear - cover radiator 11 is relatively higher than that of the top - edge radiator 13 and the side - edge radiator 15, the switch control circuit 50 can also be configured to conduct the electrical connection between the first signal source 21 and the first feeding point A1, and the rear - cover radiator 11 works in the satellite communication frequency band.

[0151] Please refer to Figure 12 , if the working efficiency of the side - edge radiator 15 is greater than that of the top - edge radiator 13 and the rear - cover radiator 11, the switch control circuit 50 can also be configured to conduct the electrical connection between the fourth signal source 24 and the second tuning point E2, and the side - edge radiator 15 works in the satellite communication frequency band.

[0152] Optionally, the electronic device 1000 being away from the human head specifically means that the distance between the top-edge radiator 13 on the electronic device 1000 and the human head is greater than or equal to 5 cm. Among them, the distance between the top-edge radiator 13 and the human head can be detected by a distance sensor, an ambient light sensor, a proximity sensor, etc. located near the top-edge radiator 13 on the electronic device 1000.

[0153] Since the top edge 321 is close to the head and the first side edge 323 is relatively far from the head. It may be necessary to reduce the power of the top-edge radiator 13 in the head-hand satellite call scenario to meet the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) compliance. Therefore, in the head-hand satellite call scenario, the switch control circuit 50 is configured to control the on-off state of the tuning switches in the plurality of tuning circuits 30, control the top-edge radiator 13 and the rear-cover radiator 11 to operate in the rear-cover 400 antenna mode, receive and transmit satellite signals through the rear-cover radiator 11, and can also ensure that the electronic device 1000 meets the SAR compliance in the head-hand satellite call scenario and ensure that the satellite communication frequency band has better power.

[0154] Please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 is the SAR simulation diagram of the rear-cover radiator 11, the top-edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14, and the side-edge radiator 15 provided in the embodiment of the present application when the first tuning circuit 31 and the second tuning circuit 32 are both in a short-circuit state in the head-hand call scenario. Under the condition of 36 dBm power and 100% duty cycle, the maximum SAR value is 8.4 W / kg. Considering that the actual satellite communication duty cycle is 20% and the actual efficiency is reduced by 3 dB, the converted actual maximum SAR value is 0.8 W / kg, which meets the SAR standard (1.5 W / kg) and is feasible.

[0155] The embodiment of the present application provides a design of a satellite antenna for a camera decoration 410 with reconfigurable radiation pattern. By switching the conduction state of the tuning circuit 30 of the frame radiator 12, the resonant structure of the top-edge radiator 13 is damaged by adding a short circuit, reducing the coupled current on the top-edge radiator 13, forming a notch structure 40 on the side radiator 15 provided on the side, making the current not easily coupled to the top-edge radiator 13, enhancing the current coupled to the side, suppressing the downward transmission of the current on the reference ground 500, and thus playing a role in adjusting the left-handed circular polarization gain, greatly increasing the radiation amount at the top, and forming a radiation lobe radiating upward. When the tuning circuit 30 of the frame radiator 12 is in an open state, the gain of the radiation pattern in the direction perpendicular to the rear cover 400 is better. Therefore, by switching the conduction state of the tuning circuit 30 of the frame radiator 12, a reconfigurable design of the radiation pattern is realized, achieving a high-range coverage of the left-handed circular polarization gain in the two main directions of the rear cover 400 - top edge 321. The directivity of the camera decoration 410 is relatively concentrated, showing a dot-like high-directivity characteristic. By adjusting the pointing direction of the radiation pattern of the camera decoration 410, a reconfigurable radiation pattern can be realized, achieving a satellite communication function with multi-range and multi-angle switching. The results of the actual human head and hand scenario show that the designed antenna has the satellite communication ability in the actual human head and hand scenario.

[0156] The following specifically illustrates the structure of the camera decoration 410 in the embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, the camera decoration 410 with a circular-ring-shaped rear cover radiator 11 is taken as an example.

[0157] Please refer to Figure 19 , Figure 19 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a circular-ring-shaped camera decoration 410 provided by the embodiment of the present application. The circular-ring-shaped camera decoration 410 is the rear cover radiator 11. The first signal source 21, the first matching circuit M1, and the first feeding point A1 are arranged at the positions as shown in Figure 19 , but not limited to these positions.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of a circular-ring-shaped rear cover radiator 11 provided by the embodiment of the present application. Among them, under the excitation of the first excitation signal, the current mode on the rear cover radiator 11 is the one-wavelength mode (fundamental mode) of the first frequency band. Among them, the first feeding point A1 is the current strong point. Current zeros are formed on both the left and right sides of the first feeding point A1.

[0159] Please refer to Figure 21 , Figure 21 FIG. is a schematic diagram of forming a left-handed current on a circular-ring-shaped camera decoration 410 provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0160] The inner wall of the camera decorative part 410 is provided with a plurality of conductive protrusions. For example, a first conductive protrusion 61 and a second conductive protrusion 62, and the first conductive protrusion 61 and the second conductive protrusion 62 are respectively located on both sides of the first feeding point A1. Among them, the first conductive protrusion 61 and the reference ground plane 500 are relatively and spaced apart to form an equivalent capacitance structure. The second conductive protrusion 62 can be directly grounded or grounded through an inductive element. Of course, the second conductive protrusion 62 can also be relatively arranged with the reference ground plane 500 to form an equivalent inductance structure. In other words, the structures of the first conductive protrusion 61 and the second conductive protrusion 62 are different, and the impedances formed between them and the reference ground plane 500 are different. Furthermore, the perturbation effects on the currents on both sides of the first feeding point A1 are different, and the current phases on both sides of the first feeding point A1 are different. These conductive protrusions can be used to fix or limit electronic components such as the camera module below the camera decorative part 410. Due to the existence of these conductive protrusions, the camera decorative part 410 has a structure with asymmetric left and right currents. Due to the asymmetry of the camera decorative part 410, the first conductive protrusions 61 on both sides of the first feeding point A1 have different equivalent perturbation effects on the current. For example, the second conductive protrusion 62 on the left side of the first feeding point A1 is equivalent to a capacitor, making the current phase on the left side of the first feeding point A1 lead; the conductive protrusion on the right side of the first feeding point A1 is equivalent to an inductor, making the current phase on the right side of the first feeding point A1 lag. A left-handed current with a leading phase pointing to a lagging phase is formed on the camera decorative part 410. That is, the rear cover radiator 11 generates a circularly polarized wave under the excitation of the first signal source 21. At this time, the transmission direction conforms to the left-hand screw rule, so the rear cover radiator 11 forms a left-handed circularly polarized wave perpendicular to the rear cover 400 direction.

[0161] Please refer to Figure 22 , Figure 22 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the scenario where the operator's finger touches the rear cover radiator 11 when holding the electronic device 1000 in the embodiment of the present application. Whether the operator holds the electronic device 1000 with the left hand or the right hand, it is possible that the index finger touches the lower half of the rear cover radiator 11.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 23 , Figure 23 FIG. is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the electronic device 1000 in the free scenario and after the rear cover radiator 11 is touched by a finger in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, curve a1 is the S-parameter curve in the free scenario. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve in the free scenario. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve in the free scenario. Curve b1 is the S-parameter curve after the rear cover radiator 11 is touched by a finger. Curve b2 is the radiation efficiency curve after the rear cover radiator 11 is touched by a finger. Curve b3 is the total efficiency curve after the rear cover radiator 11 is touched by a finger.

[0163] It can be seen that when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 by hand, the resonant frequency point after the finger touches the rear cover radiator 11 shifts from 2 GHz to 1.7 GHz, with a serious frequency deviation. The total efficiency of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz in the free scenario is -1.4 dB. After the finger touches the rear cover radiator 11, the total efficiency in the satellite communication band drops below -10 dB. This shows that the finger touching the rear cover radiator 11 has a great impact on the operating efficiency in the satellite communication band and may cause the inability to support the satellite communication band.

[0164] Please refer to Figures 24a - 24f , Figure 24a which is the total field gain pattern of the electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the free scenario. Figure 24b which is the total field gain pattern of the rear cover radiator 11 when touched by a finger. Figure 24c which is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the free scenario. Figure 24d which is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the rear cover radiator 11 when touched by a finger. Figure 24e which is the pattern of the electronic device 1000 provided by the embodiment of the present application in the free scenario. Figure 24f which is the pattern of the rear cover radiator 11 when touched by a finger.

[0165] In the free scenario, the total gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is 6.344 dBi. After the finger touches the rear cover radiator 11, the total gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is -3.123 dBi. This shows that the total gain at 2 GHz drops by nearly 10 dBi after the finger touches the rear cover radiator 11.

[0166] In the free scenario, the left-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is 4 dBi. After the finger touches the rear cover radiator 11, the left-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is -5.6 dBi. This shows that the left-handed circular polarization gain at 2 GHz also drops by nearly 10 dB after the finger touches the rear cover radiator 11, indicating that although the circular polarization performance is good at this time, it cannot be compatible with the actual operation of the operator because when the operator uses it, the finger is very likely to touch the lower side of the camera decoration 410 (rear cover radiator 11).

[0167] For the problem of a significant reduction in gain when the finger touches the lower side of the camera decoration 410, the following embodiments are proposed in the present application.

[0168] Please refer to Figure 25, the camera decorative member 410 includes a first arc portion 411 and a second arc portion 412. Optionally, a dividing line in the width direction of the electronic device 1000 divides the camera decorative member 410 into the first arc portion 411 and the second arc portion 412. Optionally, the dividing line in the width direction of the electronic device 1000 can be the second central axis L2 or a line parallel to the second central axis L2.

[0169] Please refer to Figure 25 , the first arc portion 411 is located between the second arc portion 412 and the top edge 321. There is a first gap 413 between one end of the first arc portion 411 and one end of the second arc portion 412. The other end of the first arc portion 411 and the other end of the second arc portion 412 form a second gap 414. Further, insulating materials can be filled in the first gap 413 and the second gap 414 to ensure the overall strength of the camera decorative member 410. Optionally, the first gap 413 and the second gap 414 can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first central axis L1.

[0170] Please refer to Figure 25 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a conductive connection section 415. Optionally, the conductive connection section 415 can be disposed (including pasting, coating, printing, embedding, etc.) on the rear cover 400, and the conductive connection section 415 is disposed within the camera decorative member 410. The material of the conductive connection section 415 is a conductive material.

[0171] Alternatively, the conductive connection section 415 can be disposed on the circuit board or between the circuit board and the rear cover 400. The orthographic projection of the conductive connection section 415 on the rear cover 400 is located within the camera decorative member 410.

[0172] Optionally, the conductive connection section 415 extends in the width direction of the electronic device 1000. The conductive connection section 415 can extend in a straight line, a bent line, an arc, etc. In this embodiment, the conductive connection section 415 extends in a straight line.

[0173] In one embodiment, one end of the first arc portion 411 is configured to be electrically connected to one end of the conductive connection section 415. The other end of the first arc portion 411 is configured to be electrically connected to the other end of the conductive connection section 415. The first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection section 415 form the rear cover radiator 11.

[0174] Specifically, please refer to Figure 26, the antenna assembly 100 further includes a first switch circuit 416 and a second switch circuit 417. The first switch circuit 416 is electrically connected to one end of the first arc portion 411 and one end of the conductive connection section 415. The second switch circuit 417 is electrically connected to the other end of the first arc portion 411 and the other end of the conductive connection section 415. The first switch circuit 416 is configured to conduct one end of the first arc portion 411 and one end of the conductive connection section 415, and the second switch circuit 417 is configured to conduct the other end of the first arc portion 411 and the other end of the conductive connection section 415. Further, a controller in the electronic device 1000 is electrically connected to the first switch circuit 416 and the second switch circuit 417, and controls the on / off states of the first switch circuit 416 and the second switch circuit 417. In this way, the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection section 415 form the rear cover radiator 11. Since the conductive connection section 415 is located between the second arc portion 412 and the top edge 321, the position of the conductive connection section 415 is relatively close to the top edge 321. For example, the distance between the conductive connection section 415 and the top edge 321 is less than 40 mm. In this way, when the electronic device 1000 is held, the conductive connection section 415 is not easily lapped by a finger, thereby causing problems such as a reduction in the total field gain and the left-handed circular polarization gain, thereby ensuring the working efficiency and gain of the electronic device 1000 in the held state, improving the anti-handheld ability of the electronic device 1000 when operating in the first frequency band, and reducing the signal influence of the handheld on the first frequency band.

[0175] In another embodiment, one end of the first arc portion 411 is configured to be electrically connected to one end of the second arc portion 412. The other end of the first arc portion 411 is configured to be electrically connected to the other end of the second arc portion 412. The first arc portion 411 and the second arc portion 412 form the rear cover radiator 11.

[0176] Specifically, please refer to Figure 26, the first switch circuit 416 is electrically connected to one end of the first arc portion 411, one end of the second arc portion 412, and one end of the conductive connection section 415. The second switch circuit 417 is electrically connected to the other end of the first arc portion 411, the other end of the second arc portion 412, and the other end of the conductive connection section 415. The first switch circuit 416 is configured to conduct one end of the first arc portion 411 and one end of the conductive connection section 415, and the second switch circuit 417 is configured to conduct the other end of the first arc portion 411 and the other end of the conductive connection section 415. The first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection section 415 form the rear cover radiator 11. The triggering conditions of this embodiment include, but are not limited to, the second arc portion 412 being touched by a finger, and it is detected in real time that the signal strength of the rear cover radiator 11 formed by the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection section 415 is stronger, etc.

[0177] Alternatively, the first switch circuit 416 is configured to conduct one end of the first arc portion 411 and one end of the second arc portion 412, and the second switch circuit 417 is configured to conduct the other end of the first arc portion 411 and the other end of the second arc portion 412. The first arc portion 411 and the second arc portion 412 form the rear cover radiator 11. The triggering conditions of this embodiment include, but are not limited to, the second arc portion 412 not being touched by a finger, it is detected in real time that the signal strength of the rear cover radiator 11 formed by the first arc portion 411 and the second arc portion 412 is stronger, the initial structure of the rear cover radiator 11, etc.

[0178] Specifically, when the second arc portion 412 is touched by a hand, one end of the first arc portion 411 is configured to be electrically connected to one end of the conductive connection section 415, and the other end of the first arc portion 411 is configured to be electrically connected to the other end of the conductive connection section 415.

[0179] By setting the first switch circuit 416 and the second switch circuit 417, the structure switching of the rear cover radiator 11 can be realized. Specifically, it is switched to the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection section 415 forming the rear cover radiator 11, which can be applied to scenarios such as the second arc portion 412 being touched by a finger and it is detected in real time that the signal strength of the rear cover radiator 11 formed by the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection section 415 is stronger, so as to improve the anti-hand-holding ability of the electronic device 1000 operating in the first frequency band; or it is switched to the first arc portion 411 and the second arc portion 412 forming the rear cover radiator 11, which can be applied to scenarios such as the second arc portion 412 not being touched by a finger, it is detected in real time that the signal strength of the rear cover radiator 11 formed by the first arc portion 411 and the second arc portion 412 is stronger, the initial structure of the rear cover radiator 11, etc.

[0180] Optionally, the first switching circuit 416 and the second switching circuit 417 can be disposed on the camera decorative member 410 or on the circuit board below the camera decorative member 410.

[0181] Please refer to Figure 27 , the first feeding point A1 is located at the first arc portion 411. Optionally, the first feeding point A1 can be the intersection of the first central axis L1 and the first arc portion 411. An equivalent capacitance first tuning portion is provided between one end of the first feeding point A1 and the first arc portion 411. Further, the first tuning portion can be the first conductive convex portion 61, and an equivalent capacitance is formed between the first conductive convex portion 61 and the reference ground plane 500. A second tuning portion equivalent to an inductor is provided between the other end of the first feeding point A1 and the first arc portion 411. Further, the second tuning portion can be the second conductive convex portion 62, and the second conductive convex portion 62 is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500 to form an equivalent inductor. Of course, the second conductive convex portion 62 can also be disposed opposite to the reference ground plane 500. It can be understood that the structure of the first conductive convex portion 61 is different from that of the second conductive convex portion 62. The impedances formed between the first conductive convex portion 61, the second conductive convex portion 62 and the reference ground plane 500 are different, and thus the perturbation effects on the currents on both sides of the first feeding point A1 are different, and the current phases on both sides of the first feeding point A1 are different, thereby forming a circularly polarized wave.

[0182] Optionally, the conductive connection segment 415 can be a thin metal segment, a metal wire, or the like. Among them, the conductive connection segment 415 is a very thin metal wire, and the conductive connection segment 415 is buried under the camera plastic decorative member without affecting the appearance.

[0183] Please refer to Figure 27 , Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the electrical connection between the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection segment 415 provided in the embodiment of the present application. When the first switching circuit 416 and the second switching circuit 417 switch to conduct the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection segment 415, by tuning the first matching circuit M1, the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection segment 415 can still generate a fundamental mode that supports one wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0184] Please refer to Figure 28 , Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection segment 415 forming the rear cover radiator 11 in the hand-held state provided in the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that although the finger touches the second arc portion 412, since the finger does not touch the conductive connection segment 415 and the first arc portion 411, and the second arc portion 412 touched by the finger has no strong current distribution, the influence on the rear cover radiator 11 operating in the first frequency band is small.

[0185] Please refer toFigure 29 , Figure 29 are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the rear cover radiator 11 formed by the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection segment 415 provided in the embodiment of the present application in the free state and when held by a finger. Among them, curve a1 is the S-parameter curve in the free scenario. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve in the free scenario. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve in the free scenario. Curve b1 is the S-parameter curve of the rear cover radiator 11 when held by a finger. Curve b2 is the radiation efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11 when held by a finger. Curve b3 is the total efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11 when held by a finger.

[0186] It can be seen that when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 and a finger holds the rear cover radiator 11, the resonant frequency point is basically free of frequency deviation, and the efficiency only drops by about 1 dB.

[0187] Please refer to Figures 30a - 30f , Figure 30a is the total field gain pattern of the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application in the free scenario. Figure 30b is the total field gain pattern of the rear cover radiator 11 when held by a finger provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 30c is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application in the free scenario. Figure 30d is the left-handed circular polarization gain pattern of the rear cover radiator 11 when held by a finger provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 30e is the pattern of the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application in the free scenario. Figure 30f is the pattern of the rear cover radiator 11 when held by a finger provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0188] In the free scenario, the total gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is 5.9 dBi. After a finger holds the rear cover radiator 11, the total gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is 6.1 dBi. This shows that the total gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz still shows an increasing trend after being held by a finger.

[0189] In the free scenario, the left-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is 4.6 dBi. After a finger holds the rear cover radiator 11, the left-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz is 5.1 dBi. This shows that the left-handed circular polarization gain of the rear cover radiator 11 at 2 GHz still shows an increasing trend after being held by a finger.

[0190] Please refer to Figure 31 , Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the formation of a left-handed current on the rear cover radiator 11 formed by the first arc portion 411 and the conductive connection segment 415 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0191] Due to the different structures of the first conductive convex part 61 and the second conductive convex part 62 on both sides of the first feeding point A1 on the first arc part 411, the camera decorative part 410 still has asymmetry. When the first feeding point A1 is in the middle, the conductive convex parts on both sides of the first feeding point A1 have different equivalent perturbation effects on the current. For example, the first conductive convex part 61 on the left side of the first feeding point A1 is equivalent to a capacitor, causing the current phase on the left side of the first feeding point A1 to lead; the second conductive convex part 62 on the right side of the first feeding point A1 is equivalent to an inductor, causing the current phase on the right side of the first feeding point A1 to lag, and a left-handed current with a leading phase pointing to a lagging phase is formed on the camera decorative part 410. That is, the rear cover radiator 11 generates a circularly polarized wave under the excitation of the first signal source 21. At this time, the transmission direction conforms to the left-hand screw rule, so the rear cover radiator 11 forms a left-handed circularly polarized wave perpendicular to the direction of the rear cover 400.

[0192] The following further gives examples for improving the circular polarization performance of the rear cover radiator 11 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0193] The rear cover radiator 11 is in a circular ring shape. The first resonant mode formed by the rear cover radiator 11 is a circularly polarized wave.

[0194] This application does not limit the positions of the first feeding point A1 and the rear cover grounding point B on the rear cover radiator 11.

[0195] For example, please refer to Figure 32 , the rear cover grounding point B of the rear cover radiator 11 includes a fourth rear cover grounding point B4 and a fifth rear cover grounding point B5. Both the fourth rear cover grounding point B4 and the fifth rear cover grounding point B5 are located between the second central axis L2 and the top edge 321. The fourth rear cover grounding point B4 is located between the second central axis L2 and the first side edge 323. Both the fifth rear cover grounding point B5 and the first feeding point A1 are located between the first central axis L1 and the second side edge 324. The first feeding point A1 is located between the second central axis L2 and the bottom edge. The first central axis L1 is an axis parallel to the first side edge 323 and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator 11. The second central axis L2 is an axis parallel to the top edge 321 and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator 11. This embodiment is for example and is not limited to this example.

[0196] The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first rear cover tuning circuit 33. One end of the first rear cover tuning circuit 33 is electrically connected to the fifth rear cover ground point B5, and the other end of the first rear cover tuning circuit 33 is grounded. The first rear cover tuning circuit 33 includes a large capacitor or a small inductor. The large capacitor has a capacitance value greater than 3 pF, for example. The small inductor has an inductance value less than 5 nH, for example. The first rear cover tuning circuit 33 is used to tune (increase) the bandwidth of the frequency band (the first frequency band) supported by the rear cover radiator 11.

[0197] In this embodiment, the position of the fifth rear cover ground point B5 is the same as the position of the first feeding point A1 in the previous embodiment. The position of the first feeding point A1 in this embodiment is the same as the position of the third rear cover ground point B3 in the previous embodiment.

[0198] Optionally, in the previous embodiment, the controller controls the first matching circuit M1 to switch between the position where the first feeding point A1 is located in the previous embodiment and the position where the first feeding point A1 is located in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the first rear cover tuning circuit 33 is conducted at the previous first feeding point A1 (the fifth rear cover ground point B5 in this embodiment), and the previous third rear cover ground point B3 (the first feeding point A1 in this embodiment) is conducted with the first matching circuit M1 and the first signal source 21. The previous second rear cover ground point B2 is disconnected from the reference floor 500, and the previous first rear cover ground point B1 (the fourth rear cover ground point B4 in this embodiment) remains grounded.

[0199] Please refer to Figure 33 , Figure 33 which is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator 11 forming the fourth resonance mode provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0200] The rear cover radiator 11 further forms a fourth resonance mode that supports the second frequency band under the excitation of the first signal source 21. The fourth resonance mode is a 1-wavelength mode of the second frequency band. Two current zeros are formed on the rear cover radiator 11 in the fourth resonance mode. One current zero is located on the counterclockwise side of the fourth rear cover ground point B4, and the other current zero is located on the clockwise side of the first feeding point A1. A pair of reverse 1 / 2-wavelength currents are formed between the two current zeros.

[0201] Please refer to Figure 34 , Figure 34 which is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator 11 forming the first resonance mode provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0202] As described above, the first resonance mode that supports the first frequency band is formed in the rear cover radiator 11 under the excitation of the first signal source 21. In this embodiment, the first resonance mode is a mode similar to the 1-fold wavelength mode. The first feeding point A1 and the fifth rear cover grounding point B5 are symmetric about the second central axis L2. The first resonance current on the rear cover radiator 11 is symmetrically distributed about the second central axis L2. The first resonance mode forms four current null points on the rear cover radiator 11. Among them, the first current null point is located on the counterclockwise side of the fourth rear cover grounding point B4 (at the center position of the left semi-circle), the second current null point is located on the clockwise side of the first feeding point A1, the third null point is located between the first feeding point A1 and the fifth rear cover grounding point B5 (at the center position of the right semi-circle), and the fourth current null point is located between the fourth rear cover grounding point B4 and the fifth rear cover grounding point B5. A pair of reverse 1 / 2 wavelength currents are formed between the fourth current null point, the first current null point, and the second current null point, and this pair of reverse 1 / 2 wavelength currents are the main resonance currents of the first resonance mode.

[0203] The large current of the first resonance mode goes to the ground through the first feeding point A1 and the fifth rear cover grounding point B5, and the frequency can be adjusted by the first matching circuit M1 or / and the first rear cover tuning circuit 33. For example, the frequency of the fourth resonance mode is adjusted by the first matching circuit M1, and further the frequency of the first resonance mode is adjusted by the first rear cover tuning circuit 33. Therefore, a dual wave can be formed, where the first resonance mode is the main satellite operating mode.

[0204] It can be seen that the resonance current distribution of the upper and lower parts of the rear cover radiator 11 about the second central axis L2 in the first resonance mode is basically symmetric, that is, the direction of the main resonance current is the horizontal direction (the width direction of the electronic device 1000), and the proportion of the resonance current in the vertical direction is insufficient, which is beneficial to improving the directivity coefficient of this camera decorative part 410.

[0205] The direction of the main resonance current of the first resonance mode is along the width direction of the electronic device 1000. Therefore, the second direction is the width direction of the electronic device 1000. Further, the second direction is the direction from the first side 323 to the second side 324. Then the first direction is the length direction of the electronic device 1000. Optionally, the first direction is the direction from the top side 321 to the bottom side, or the direction from the bottom side to the top side 321.

[0206] Further, the second frequency band and the first frequency band form a continuous frequency band. In this way, the rear cover radiator 11 has a relatively wide bandwidth. For example, the first rear cover tuning circuit 33 is tuned to make the second frequency band and the first frequency band form a continuous frequency band.

[0207] Please refer to Figure 35 , Figure 35They are the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Among them, curve a1 is the S-parameter curve. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve. It can be seen that the resonance frequency point of the first resonance mode is 2 GHz, the resonance frequency point of the fourth resonance mode is 1.8 GHz, and the first frequency band of the first resonance mode and the second frequency band of the fourth resonance mode form a continuous frequency band, improving the bandwidth of the antenna assembly 100 supporting the satellite communication frequency band.

[0208] Please refer to Figure 36 , Figure 36 They are the left-handed circular polarization gains of the rear cover radiator 11 provided by the embodiments of the present application. At 2 GHz, the total directivity coefficient is 5.86 dBi, while the directivity of the left-handed circular polarization gain reaches 5.5 dBi, indicating that good left-handed circular polarization performance is generated at this time, and the left-handed is the main polarization.

[0209] Please refer to Figure 37 , Figure 37 They are the right-handed circular polarization gains of the rear cover radiator 11 provided by the embodiments of the present application. At 2 GHz, the total directivity coefficient is 5.86 dBi, while the directivity of the right-handed circular polarization gain is only 2.5 dBi, which is cross polarization.

[0210] The direction of the main resonance current of the rear cover radiator 11 in the first resonance mode is the first direction. Specifically, when the first resonance mode is the n-fold wavelength mode, the resonance current of the first resonance mode includes at least a pair of reverse currents, where the direction of the main resonance current in the first resonance mode is the current direction after the mutual cancellation of a pair of main reverse currents. For example, if a pair of main reverse currents both flow to a current zero point, then the current direction after the mutual cancellation of the pair of main reverse currents is the radial direction passing through the current zero point and pointing outside the rear cover radiator 11.

[0211] Please refer to Figures 38a - 38c , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a fourth radiator 16. The fourth radiator 16 is disposed between the rear cover 400 and the reference floor 500. The fourth radiator 16 is arranged along the second direction. The fourth radiator 16 includes a first end 161. The first end 161 is grounded. The first end 161 of the fourth radiator 16 corresponds to the rear cover ground point B or the first feeding point A1 on the rear cover radiator 11. The fourth radiator 16 is coupled to the rear cover radiator 11. The rear cover ground point B or the first feeding point A1 on the rear cover radiator 11 is a current strong point in the first resonance mode, and the first end 161 of the fourth radiator 16 is a coupled current strong point. The magnetic field coupling between the rear cover radiator 11 and the fourth radiator 16 is a strong current point-strong current point correspondence to improve the coupling efficiency.

[0212] Optionally, the fourth radiator 16 includes, but is not limited to, an LDS antenna unit, and the antenna form of the fourth radiator 16 is a loop form.

[0213] Please refer to Figure 39 , the fourth radiator 16 forms the third resonance mode of the first frequency band under the coupling of the rear cover radiator 11. The main direction of the resonance current of the third resonance mode is the second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The first resonance current of the first resonance mode on the rear cover radiator 11 and the third resonance current of the third resonance mode on the fourth radiator 16 form an orthogonal current pair. Further, the phase difference between the first resonance current and the third resonance current is tuned to be about 90°, and the resonance current of the third resonance mode and the resonance current of the first resonance mode are used to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0214] Please refer to Figures 38a - 38c , the first end 161 of the fourth radiator 16 corresponds to the rear cover ground point B or the first feeding point A1 on the rear cover radiator 11, so as to facilitate the strong coupling between the fourth radiator 16 and the rear cover radiator 11, thereby making the amplitude of the first resonance current close to the amplitude of the second resonance current, which is beneficial to the formation of a circularly polarized wave by the first resonance current and the second resonance current, and further improving the circular polarization performance of the rear cover radiator 11.

[0215] Please refer to Figure 38a , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a conductive section tuning circuit 34. The fourth radiator 16 further includes a second end 162. One end of the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is electrically connected to the second end 162, and one end of the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is grounded. The conductive section tuning circuit 34 is at least used to tune the phase of the resonance current of the third resonance mode, so that the phase of the resonance current of the third resonance mode is about 90° different from the phase of the resonance current of the first resonance mode, so that the resonance current of the third resonance mode and the resonance current of the first resonance mode are used to form a circularly polarized wave.

[0216] Optionally, the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is a tuning unit, and the conductive section tuning circuit 34 includes a capacitor, an inductor, etc. to tune the resonance frequency of the fourth radiator 16.

[0217] When the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is a capacitor, the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is used to advance the phase of the resonance current of the third resonance mode. When the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is an inductor, the conductive section tuning circuit 34 is used to delay the phase of the resonance current of the third resonance mode.

[0218] Please refer to Figure 39 and Figure 40 , Figure 39It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the rear cover radiator 11 and the fourth radiator 16 provided by the embodiments of the present application. The direction of the main resonant current of the first resonant mode of the radiator of the rear cover 400 is horizontally to the left. After adding the fourth radiator 16 in the vertical direction, a current perpendicular to the horizontal direction is formed on the fourth radiator 16, and the currents J1 and J2 on the camera decoration 410 can be equivalently superimposed to the left. At this time, the horizontal current component on the rear cover radiator 11 and the vertical current component of the fourth radiator 16 will greatly superimpose the polarization characteristics, generating a circularly polarized wave with higher performance.

[0219] Optionally, please refer to Figure 40 , the third resonant mode is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The fourth radiator 16 includes a first radiation section 163, a bending section 164, and a second radiation section 165 connected in sequence. The first radiation section 163 and the second radiation section 165 both extend along the second direction. The first radiation section 163 and the second radiation section 165 are arranged in parallel. The direction of the resonant current of the third resonant mode on the first radiation section 163 is the same as at least part of the direction of the resonant current of the third resonant mode on the second radiation section 165. Therefore, the resonant current on the first radiation section 163 and the resonant current on the second radiation section 165 both form a circularly polarized wave with the resonant current of the first resonant mode. The bent fourth radiator 16 enables the reverse current of the half-wavelength mode to achieve double co-directional currents.

[0220] Furthermore, the lengths of the first radiation section 163 and the second radiation section 165 are similar or the same. In this way, a resonant current of 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band is formed on the first radiation section 163, and a co-directional resonant current of 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band is formed on the second radiation section 165. In this way, more resonant currents of the third resonant mode form a circularly polarized wave with the resonant current of the first resonant mode.

[0221] Please refer to Figure 41 , Figure 41 It is the S parameter and efficiency curve of the rear cover radiator 11 and the fourth radiator 16 provided by the embodiments of the present application. Among them, curve a1 is the S parameter curve. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve. It can be seen that the resonant frequency point of the first resonant mode is 2 GHz, the resonant frequency point of the fourth resonant mode is 1.8 GHz, the first frequency band of the first resonant mode and the second frequency band of the fourth resonant mode form a continuous frequency band, improving the bandwidth of the antenna assembly 100 supporting the satellite communication frequency band. The resonant frequency point of the third resonant mode is 2.4 GHz. Since the third resonant mode is close to the first resonant mode, when the first resonant mode works, the current on the fourth radiator 16 will also be excited.

[0222] Please refer to Figure 42 , Figure 42It is the left - hand circular polarization gain of the rear - cover radiator 11 provided with the fourth radiator 16 in the embodiment of the present application. At 2 GHz, the total directivity coefficient is 7.2 dBi, and the directivity of the left - hand circular polarization gain reaches 7.2 dBi. Compared with the left - hand circular polarization gain of the rear - cover radiator 11 without the fourth radiator 16, it shows that better left - hand circular polarization performance is generated at this time, and the directivity is increased by nearly 2 dBi.

[0223] The following takes the frame radiator 12 as an example and describes it in conjunction with the drawings.

[0224] Please refer to Figure 43 , the frame radiator 12 further includes a second feeding point A2. Further, the top - edge radiator 13 includes the second feeding point A2. Optionally, the second feeding point A2 can be located at the position where the first tuning point E1 is located.

[0225] Please refer to Figure 43 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a parasitic radiator 14 and a second signal source 22. At least part of the parasitic radiator 14 is disposed on the top - edge 321. The parasitic radiator 14 includes a first grounding end F2 and a third free end D3. A coupling gap is formed between the third free end D3 and the free end (the second free end D2) of the frame radiator 12.

[0226] Please refer to Figure 43 , the two ends of the top - edge radiator 13 are the first free end D1 and the second free end D2. The first grounding point F1 is located between the first free end D1 and the second free end D2. Further, the first grounding point F1 can be located near the center position of the top - edge radiator 13. The first tuning point E1 is located between the first grounding point F1 and the first free end D1. The electrical length between the first free end D1 and the second free end D2 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. At this time, the antenna form of the top - edge radiator 13 can be a T - type antenna. The first frequency band includes the GPS frequency band, the satellite communication frequency band, etc.

[0227] The second signal source 22 is electrically connected to the second feeding point A2 and is configured to provide a second excitation signal when the first signal source 21 is disconnected from the first feeding point A1. The second excitation signal is used to excite the top - edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 to form a fifth resonance mode supporting the first frequency band. At this time, the top - edge radiator 13 is the main radiator. In this embodiment, the electrical connection between the first feeding point A1 of the rear - cover radiator 11 and the first signal source 21 is disconnected. The rear - cover radiator 11 is a parasitic antenna of the top - edge radiator 13.

[0228] The fifth resonance mode forms a 1 / 2 wavelength current of the first frequency band on the top-edge radiator 13, and at the same time, a current with the same current flow direction as that on the top-edge radiator 13 is formed on the parasitic radiator 14. The operating mode of the satellite antenna is the T balance mode + the L stub co-directional parasitic current mode.

[0229] Please refer to Figure 44 , Figure 44 are the S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 in the fifth resonance mode provided by the embodiments of the present application. Among them, curve a1 is the S-parameter curve of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 in the fifth resonance mode. It can be seen that the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 can support the satellite communication frequency band and have good efficiency.

[0230] The rear cover radiator 11 is in a circular ring shape. When the top-edge radiator 13 is the main antenna, the circular camera decoration is used to improve the circular polarization performance of the top-edge radiator 13.

[0231] Please refer to Figure 45 , the rear cover ground point B includes a sixth rear cover ground point B6 and a seventh rear cover ground point B7. Optionally, the sixth rear cover ground point B6 can correspond to the first feeding point A1 in the foregoing embodiment, and the seventh rear cover ground point B7 can correspond to the third rear cover ground point B3 in the foregoing embodiment. Alternatively, the sixth rear cover ground point B6 can correspond to the fifth rear cover ground point B5 in the foregoing embodiment, and the seventh rear cover ground point B7 can correspond to the first feeding point A1 in the foregoing embodiment.

[0232] Please refer to Figure 45 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes a second rear cover tuning circuit 35 and a third rear cover tuning circuit 36.

[0233] One end of the second rear cover tuning circuit 35 is electrically connected to the sixth rear cover ground point B6, and the other end of the second rear cover tuning circuit 35 is grounded. The second rear cover tuning circuit 35 includes an inductive element. The second rear cover tuning circuit 35 (inductive element) is used to make the current phase on the rear cover radiator 11 lag.

[0234] One end of the third rear cover tuning circuit 36 is electrically connected to the seventh rear cover ground point B7, and the other end of the third rear cover tuning circuit 36 is grounded. The third rear cover tuning circuit 36 includes a capacitive element. The third rear cover tuning circuit 36 (capacitive element) is used to advance the phase of the current on the rear cover radiator 11. In this way, the sixth rear cover ground point B6 is located on the clockwise side of the seventh rear cover ground point B7, and a left-handed current pointing from the seventh rear cover ground point B7 to the sixth rear cover ground point B6 is formed between the sixth rear cover ground point B6 and the seventh rear cover ground point B7 to form a left-handed circularly polarized wave; or, a right-handed current pointing from the seventh rear cover ground point B7 to the sixth rear cover ground point B6 is formed between the sixth rear cover ground point B6 and the seventh rear cover ground point B7 to form a right-handed circularly polarized wave. The radian angle between the sixth rear cover ground point B6 and the seventh rear cover ground point B7 is less than 180°. Further, the radian angle between the sixth rear cover ground point B6 and the seventh rear cover ground point B7 is less than 90° to form a left-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0235] Please refer to Figure 45 , Figure 45 is an equivalent structure diagram of the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14 and the rear cover radiator 11 provided by an embodiment of the present application. One end of the second rear cover tuning circuit 35 is electrically connected to the sixth rear cover ground point B6, and the other end of the second rear cover tuning circuit 35 is grounded. The second rear cover tuning circuit 35 includes an inductive element. The second rear cover tuning circuit 35 (inductive element) is used to delay the phase of the current on the rear cover radiator 11. One end of the third rear cover tuning circuit 36 is electrically connected to the seventh rear cover ground point B7, and the other end of the third rear cover tuning circuit 36 is grounded. The third rear cover tuning circuit 36 includes a capacitive element. The third rear cover tuning circuit 36 (capacitive element) is used to advance the phase of the current on the rear cover radiator 11.

[0236] Please refer to Figure 46 , Figure 46 is the S-parameter curve and efficiency curve of the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14 and the rear cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application. Among them, curve a1 is the S-parameter curve of the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14 and the rear cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve of the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14 and the rear cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve of the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14 and the rear cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. It can be seen that the top edge radiator 13, the parasitic radiator 14 and the rear cover radiator 11 can support the satellite communication frequency band and have good efficiency.

[0237] Please refer to Figure 47 ,Figure 47 The S-parameter curves and efficiency curves of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 provided in the embodiments of the present application without the rear-cover radiator 11 and with the rear-cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 without the rear-cover radiator 11 and with the rear-cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 without the rear-cover radiator 11 and with the rear-cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 without the rear-cover radiator 11 and with the rear-cover radiator 11 in the fifth resonance mode. The efficiency of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 without the rear-cover radiator 11 and with the rear-cover radiator 11 is basically unchanged.

[0238] Please refer to Figures 48a - 48c , Figures 48a - 48c The total length gain, left-hand circular polarization gain and radiation pattern of the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 provided in the embodiments of the present application without the rear-cover radiator 11. It can be seen that at 2 GHz, the total field gain is 2.3 dBi, the left-hand circular polarization gain is 1.2 dBi, and the main radiation direction of the left-hand circular polarization gain generated by the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 points to the screen direction.

[0239] Please refer to Figure 45 , Figure 45 It is a schematic diagram of the left-hand current distribution formed on the rear-cover radiator 11 when the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 are provided with the rear-cover radiator 11 in the embodiments of the present application. Since the phase of the inductance grounding position lags behind, and the phase of the capacitance grounding position leads, and the current points from the leading to the lagging, according to the right-hand screw rule, at this time, it conforms to the left-hand helix in the screen direction, that is, the left-hand circular polarization gain component radiation generated by the camera decorative part 410 at this time points to the screen direction.

[0240] Please refer to Figures 49a - 49c , Figures 49a - 49c It is the radiation pattern when the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 are provided with the rear-cover radiator 11 in the embodiments of the present application. It can be seen that at 2 GHz, the total field gain is 1.9 dBi, the left-hand circular polarization gain is 1.4 dBi, and the left-hand circular polarization gain and the directivity coefficient generated by the top-edge radiator 13 and the parasitic radiator 14 are improved compared with those without the rear-cover radiator 11. The left-hand circular polarization gain is increased from 1.26 dBi to 1.42 dBi.

[0241] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising a reference floor, a frame, a rear cover, and an antenna assembly, the reference floor is disposed opposite to the rear cover, the frame surrounds the circumferences of the reference floor and the rear cover, and forms an accommodation space; the frame includes a top side, a first side, a bottom side, and a second side connected in sequence, and the antenna assembly includes: A rear cover radiator disposed on the rear cover, the rear cover radiator includes a first feeding point and at least one rear cover grounding point; A first signal source disposed in the accommodation space, the first signal source is electrically connected to the first feeding point, the first signal source is configured to provide a first excitation signal, and the first excitation signal is configured to excite the rear cover radiator to form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band; A top side radiator disposed on the top side, a first coupling gap is formed between the top side radiator and the rear cover radiator, the top side radiator includes a first free end, a first tuning point, and a first grounding point arranged at intervals in sequence; the first grounding point is electrically connected to the reference floor; and A first tuning circuit, one end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first tuning point, the other end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the reference floor, when the first tuning circuit is configured in a short - circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly forms a first radiation lobe pointing to the side facing the rear cover and a second radiation lobe pointing to the side where the top side is located.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein When the first tuning circuit is configured in an open - circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly forms a main radiation lobe pointing to the side facing the rear cover.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein When the first tuning circuit is configured in an open - circuit state, a first coupling current is formed on the top side radiator; when the first tuning circuit is configured in a short - circuit state, a second coupling current is formed on the top side radiator; The current intensity of the second coupling current is less than the current intensity of the first coupling current.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein The antenna assembly further includes a second signal source and a second matching circuit, the second signal source is configured to provide a second excitation signal of the first frequency band, the second matching circuit includes the first tuning circuit, the second matching circuit is electrically connected between the second signal source and the first tuning point, and the second excitation signal is configured to excite the top side radiator to form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band; Two ends of the top side radiator are the first free end and the first grounding point, the first tuning point is located between the first grounding point and the first free end, and the second resonance mode includes a 1 / 4 - wavelength mode of the first frequency band; Or, Two ends of the top side radiator are the first free end and a second free end, the first tuning point is located between the first grounding point and the first free end, and the second resonance mode includes a 1 / 2 - wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna assembly further includes at least one side radiator and a second tuning circuit. The side radiator is disposed on the first side and / or the second side. A second coupling gap is formed between the side radiator and the rear cover radiator. The side radiator includes a second grounding point and a second tuning point which are spaced apart. The second tuning circuit is electrically connected to the second tuning point. When the second tuning circuit is configured to be in a short - circuit state, at least part of the side radiator forms a notch structure, and a resonance mode supporting the first frequency band is formed on the notch structure.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the second tuning circuit is configured to be in an open - circuit state, a third coupling current is formed on the side radiator. When the second tuning circuit is configured to be in a short - circuit state, a fourth coupling current is formed on the second - side radiator. The current intensity of the third coupling current is less than the current intensity of the fourth coupling current.

7. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the side radiators is multiple. The multiple side radiators are disposed on the same side or two opposite sides. The first tuning point of each side radiator is grounded, and at least part of each side radiator forms the notch structure.

8. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coupling current intensity on the side radiator on the first side is different from the coupling current intensity on the side radiator on the second side.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein When the electronic device is in a head - hand call scenario and the first tuning circuit is configured to be in a short - circuit state, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly is in the direction pointing to the top side and the first side.

10. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein, The electronic device further includes a camera decoration member disposed on the rear cover, and at least part of the camera decoration member is the rear cover radiator. The rear cover radiator is annular. The first resonance mode is a circular polarization mode, and the first resonance mode is an n / 2 - wavelength mode of the first frequency band, where n is an integer greater than 1.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein, The rear - cover grounding points of the rear cover radiator include a first rear - cover grounding point, a second rear - cover grounding point, and a third rear - cover grounding point. The first rear - cover grounding point and the second rear - cover grounding point are both located between the first central axis and the first side, and between the second central axis and the top side. The distance between the first rear - cover grounding point and the top side is less than the distance between the second rear - cover grounding point and the top side. The third rear - cover grounding point and the first feeding point are both located between the first central axis and the second side. The first feeding point is located between the second central axis and the top side, and the third rear - cover grounding point is located between the second central axis and the bottom side. The first central axis is an axis parallel to the first side and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator. The second central axis is an axis parallel to the top side and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator. The first resonance mode is a 2 - wavelength mode of the first frequency band.

12. The electronic device according to claim 10, wherein The camera decoration member includes a first arc portion and a second arc portion. The first arc portion is located between the second arc portion and the top side. There is a first gap between one end of the first arc portion and one end of the second arc portion, and a second gap between the other end of the first arc portion and the other end of the second arc portion. The antenna assembly further includes a conductive connection section, which is disposed inside the camera decoration piece or the orthographic projection of the conductive connection section on the rear cover is located inside the camera decoration piece; One end of the first arc portion is configured to be electrically connected to one end of the conductive connection section, and the other end of the first arc portion is configured to be electrically connected to the other end of the conductive connection section. The first arc portion and the conductive connection section form the rear cover radiator.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, One end of the first arc portion is configured to be electrically connected to one end of the second arc portion, and the other end of the first arc portion is configured to be electrically connected to the other end of the second arc portion. The first arc portion and the second arc portion form the rear cover radiator.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein The antenna assembly further includes a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit. The first switch circuit is electrically connected to one end of the first arc portion, one end of the second arc portion, and one end of the conductive connection section; the second switch circuit is electrically connected to the other end of the first arc portion, the other end of the second arc portion, and the other end of the conductive connection section; the first switch circuit is configured to conduct one end of the first arc portion and one end of the conductive connection section, and the second switch circuit is configured to conduct the other end of the first arc portion and the other end of the conductive connection section; or, the first switch circuit is configured to conduct one end of the first arc portion and one end of the second arc portion, and the second switch circuit is configured to conduct the other end of the first arc portion and the other end of the second arc portion.

15. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first feeding point is located on the first arc portion. A first tuning portion equivalent to a capacitor is provided between the first feeding point and one end of the first arc portion, and a second tuning portion equivalent to an inductor is provided between the first feeding point and the other end of the first arc portion.

16. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein When the second arc portion is touched by a hand, one end of the first arc portion is configured to be electrically connected to one end of the conductive connection section, and the other end of the first arc portion is configured to be electrically connected to the other end of the conductive connection section.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-10, 12-16, characterized in that, The rear cover radiator is in a circular ring shape, and the direction of the main resonant current of the rear cover radiator in the first resonant mode is the first direction; The antenna assembly further includes a fourth radiator, which is disposed between the rear cover and the reference ground plane, and the fourth radiator is arranged along the second direction; the fourth radiator includes a first end, and the first end is grounded. The first end of the fourth radiator corresponds to the rear cover grounding point or the first feeding point on the rear cover radiator. The fourth radiator forms a third resonant mode of the first frequency band under the coupling of the rear cover radiator. The main direction of the resonant current of the third resonant mode is the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the resonant current of the third resonant mode and the resonant current of the first resonant mode are used to form a circularly polarized wave.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein The third resonance mode is a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band. The fourth radiator includes a conductive connection section, a bent section, and a second radiation section connected in sequence. Both the conductive connection section and the second radiation section extend along the second direction. The direction of the resonance current of the third resonance mode on the conductive connection section is the same as at least part of the direction of the resonance current of the third resonance mode on the second radiation section.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, wherein The antenna assembly further includes a conductive section tuning circuit. The fourth radiator further includes a second end. One end of the conductive section tuning circuit is electrically connected to the second end, and one end of the conductive section tuning circuit is grounded. The conductive section tuning circuit is at least used to tune the phase of the resonance current of the third resonance mode.

20. The electronic device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The rear cover ground points of the rear cover radiator include a fourth rear cover ground point and a fifth rear cover ground point. Both the fourth rear cover ground point and the fifth rear cover ground point are located between the second central axis and the top edge. The fourth rear cover ground point is located between the second central axis and the first side edge. The fifth rear cover ground point and the first feeding point are both located between the first central axis and the second side edge. The first feeding point is located between the second central axis and the bottom edge. The first central axis is an axis parallel to the first side edge and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator. The second central axis is an axis parallel to the top edge and passing through the center of the outer contour of the rear cover radiator. The antenna assembly further includes a first rear cover tuning circuit. One end of the first rear cover tuning circuit is electrically connected to the fifth rear cover ground point, and the other end of the first rear cover tuning circuit is grounded. The first rear cover tuning circuit includes a large capacitor or a small inductor. The first rear cover tuning circuit is used to tune the bandwidth of the frequency band supported by the rear cover radiator.

21. The electronic device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The rear cover radiator further forms a fourth resonance mode that supports the second frequency band under the excitation of the first signal source. The fourth resonance mode is a 1 wavelength mode of the second frequency band. The second frequency band and the first frequency band form a continuous frequency band.

22. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-10, 12-16, 18-21, characterized in that, The top edge radiator further includes a second feeding point. The antenna assembly further includes a parasitic radiator and a second signal source. At least part of the parasitic radiator is disposed on the top edge. The parasitic radiator includes a first grounding end and a third free end. A coupling gap is formed between the third free end and the free end of the top edge radiator. The second signal source is electrically connected to the second feeding point. The second signal source is configured to provide a second excitation signal when the first signal source is disconnected from the first feeding point. The second excitation signal is used to excite the top edge radiator and the parasitic radiator to form a fifth resonance mode that supports the first frequency band. The fifth resonance mode forms a co-directional current on the top edge radiator and the parasitic radiator.

23. The electronic device according to claim 22, wherein The rear cover radiator is circular ring-shaped. The ground points of the rear cover include a sixth rear cover ground point and a seventh rear cover ground point. The antenna assembly further includes a second rear cover tuning circuit and a third rear cover tuning circuit. One end of the second rear cover tuning circuit is electrically connected to the sixth rear cover ground point, and the other end of the second rear cover tuning circuit is grounded. The second rear cover tuning circuit includes an inductive element, and the second rear cover tuning circuit is used to make the current phase on the rear cover radiator lag. One end of the third rear cover tuning circuit is electrically connected to the seventh rear cover ground point, and the other end of the third rear cover tuning circuit is grounded. The third rear cover tuning circuit includes a capacitive element, and the third rear cover tuning circuit is used to make the current phase on the rear cover radiator lead. A left-handed current or a right-handed current pointing from the seventh rear cover ground point to the sixth rear cover ground point is formed between the sixth rear cover ground point and the seventh rear cover ground point, and the radian angle between the sixth rear cover ground point and the seventh rear cover ground point is less than 180°.

24. The electronic device according to claim 22, wherein The electronic device further includes a switch control circuit. The switch control circuit is electrically connected between the first signal source and the first feeding point, and is also electrically connected between the second signal source and the second feeding point. The switch control circuit is configured to conduct the electrical connection between the first signal source and the first feeding point when the electronic device is in a head-to-hand call scenario. The switch control circuit is further configured to conduct the electrical connection between the second signal source and the second feeding point when the electronic device is in a call scenario away from the head.

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