Data transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a data transmission method and device, which can improve the decoding accuracy of data. The method comprises the following steps: a first device determines a second reliability sequence corresponding to data to be transmitted according to the number of first pilot signals, the code rate of a polarization code and a first reliability sequence; the first device sends a first code word sequence and a first pilot signal to a second device, wherein the first code word sequence is obtained by performing polar code coding on a bit sequence determined according to the data to be transmitted and a second reliability sequence; the second device receives the target code word sequence and the first pilot signal, and determines a second code word sequence corresponding to the estimated values of the first M bits in the bit sequence and a third code word sequence corresponding to the estimated values of the last N-M bits in the bit sequence; and the second equipment determines a bit sequence according to a first channel estimation value and a target code word sequence which are determined through the first pilot signal and a second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is determined according to a second code word sequence and a third code word sequence.

Description

Data transmission method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for data transmission. Background Art

[0002] When transmitting data from a transmitter to a receiver, the transmitter performs polar coding on the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be encoded, generating a polar code codeword sequence C. C is modulated by a modulator to generate a modulation symbol sequence X. The transmitter's modulator inserts a pilot signal into X to generate a time-domain sequence S that is a mixture of the pilot signal and data. This time-domain sequence S is then transmitted to the channel through serial-to-parallel conversion and parallel-to-serial conversion.

[0003] The receiving end receives the frequency domain sequence Y from the channel, converts the received Y into a time domain sequence r through serial-to-parallel conversion and parallel-to-serial conversion; the detector at the receiving end extracts the pilot signal r from the time domain sequence r pilots and data signal r data , and according to the pilot signal r pilots Perform channel estimation to obtain the channel estimation value of the current channel H The detector uses the channel estimate and data signal r data Get the log likelihood ratio (LLR) sequence of the input decoder data , the decoder is based on LLR data Decode to get the estimated sequence of the transmitted data u

[0004] When pilot resources are limited, the pilot signals sent by the transmitter are also limited. The receiver only uses a small amount of pilot signals for channel estimation, and the accuracy of the channel estimation value obtained is low, which will lead to low data decoding accuracy and poor data decoding performance.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a method and apparatus for data transmission, which can improve the decoding accuracy of data.

[0007] In a first aspect, a method for data transmission is provided, which can be performed by a chip or chip system on a terminal device or network device. The method includes: a first device determining a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the code rate of the polarization code, and a first reliability sequence; and the first device sending a first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to a second device, where the first codeword sequence is obtained by the first device performing polarization code encoding on a bit sequence, and the bit sequence is determined by the first device based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the first device determines a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, and determines a bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the second reliability sequence. Compared to the first reliability sequence, the number of information bits corresponding to the V code in the bit sequence determined by the first device based on the second reliability sequence is reduced, while the number of information bits corresponding to the U code is increased. This can reduce the code rate corresponding to the V code and improve the decoding accuracy of the bit sequence corresponding to the V code.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first device determining, based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, a code rate of the polar code, and a first reliability sequence, a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted includes: the first device determining, based on the number of first pilot signals, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, a code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code; and the first device determining, based on the code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code.

[0010] In a second aspect, a method for data transmission is provided, which can be executed by a chip or chip system on the terminal device side or the network device side. The method includes: a second device receiving a target codeword sequence and a first pilot signal from a first device, wherein the target codeword sequence is a codeword sequence obtained by performing modulation and channel noise processing on the first codeword sequence, and the first codeword sequence is obtained by performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence by the first device; the second device determining a second codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal, wherein the second codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of first M bits in the bit sequence, where the bit sequence occupies N bits, M is equal to N / 2 rounded up, and N and M are positive integers; the second device determining a third codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, wherein the third codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of last NM bits in the bit sequence; and the second device determining the bit sequence based on a first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the first channel estimation value is determined based on the first and second pilot signals, and the second pilot signal is determined based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, after the second device receives the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal from the first device, it first determines the V code sequence (second codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence according to the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal. Since the code rate corresponding to the V code is low, the accuracy of the V code sequence determined by the second device is higher; after the second device removes the V code sequence from the target codeword sequence, it determines the U code sequence (third codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence, and determines the additional pilot signal (second pilot signal) according to the V code sequence and the U code sequence; the second device can determine the first channel estimate of the channel between the first device and the second device based on the determined additional pilot signal and the received first pilot signal, and the accuracy of the first channel estimate is higher than the accuracy of the original channel estimate determined only by the first pilot signal; the second device decodes the target codeword sequence after reducing aliasing and noise according to the first channel estimate, thereby improving the decoding performance. Therefore, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the determined channel estimate by determining the additional pilot signal, thereby improving the decoding accuracy of the data.

[0012] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second device determines a third codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, including: the second device demasking the target codeword sequence to remove the second codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence; and the second device determining the third codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence.

[0013] With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second device determining the bit sequence based on the first channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence includes: the second device determining a fourth codeword sequence based on the first channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence, the fourth codeword sequence being a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, where L is equal to (NM) / 2 rounded up, and L is a positive integer; the second device determining a fifth codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, the fifth codeword sequence being a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence; and the second device determining the bit sequence based on the second channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence, the second channel estimate value being determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal, and the third pilot signal being determined based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, after the second device receives the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal from the first device, it first determines the V code sequence (second codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal. Since the code rate corresponding to the V code is low, the accuracy of the V code sequence determined by the second device is higher; the second device de-masks the V code sequence from the target codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence, determines the U code sequence (third codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence, and determines the second pilot signal based on the V code sequence and the U code sequence; the second device can determine a first channel estimate value of the channel between the first device and the second device based on the determined second pilot signal and the received first pilot signal. The accuracy of the first channel estimate value is higher than the accuracy of the original channel estimate value determined only by the first pilot signal. The second device determines the polarization code sequence (fourth codeword sequence) corresponding to the estimated value of the first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence based on the first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence; the second device unmasks the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain the polarization code sequence (fifth codeword sequence) corresponding to the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, and determines the third pilot signal based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence; the second device can determine the second channel estimation value of the channel between the first device and the second device based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal and the third pilot signal, and the accuracy of the second channel estimation value is higher than the accuracy of the first channel estimation value; the second device decodes the target codeword sequence after reducing aliasing and noise based on the second channel estimation value, thereby improving the decoding performance of the data. Therefore, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the channel estimation value by using additional pilot signals determined multiple times, thereby improving the decoding accuracy of the data.

[0015] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second device determines the fifth codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, including: the second device demasking the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence; and the second device determining the fifth codeword sequence based on the second intermediate codeword sequence.

[0016] In a third aspect, a communications apparatus is provided. This apparatus can be applied to the first device described in the first aspect. The apparatus includes: a processing unit, configured to determine, based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, a code rate of a polarization code, and a first reliability sequence, a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted; and a transceiver unit, configured to send a first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to a second device. The first codeword sequence is obtained by the processing unit performing polarization code encoding on a bit sequence. The bit sequence is determined by the processing unit based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence.

[0017] With reference to the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to determine, based on the number of first pilot signals, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, a rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code; and the first device determines the second reliability sequence based on the rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, a communications device is provided, which can be applied to the second device described in the second aspect. The device includes: a transceiver, configured to receive a target codeword sequence and a first pilot signal from a first device, wherein the target codeword sequence is a codeword sequence obtained by modulating and performing channel noise processing on the first codeword sequence, and the first codeword sequence is obtained by the first device performing polarization code encoding on a bit sequence; a processing unit, configured to determine a second codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal, wherein the second codeword sequence is a polarization code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the first M bits in the bit sequence, In the embodiment, the bit sequence occupies N bits, M is equal to N / 2 rounded up, and N and M are positive integers. The processing unit is further configured to determine a third codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, where the third codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the last NM bits in the bit sequence. The processing unit is further configured to determine the bit sequence based on a first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, where the first channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is determined based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence.

[0019] In combination with the fourth aspect, in certain implementations of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is specifically used to: demask the second codeword sequence from the target codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence; and determine the third codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence.

[0020] With reference to the fourth aspect, in certain implementations of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine, based on the first channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence, a fourth codeword sequence, where the fourth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, where L is equal to (NM) / 2 rounded up, and L is a positive integer; determine, based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, a fifth codeword sequence, where the fifth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence; and determine, based on a second channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence, the bit sequence, where the second channel estimate value is determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is determined based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence.

[0021] In combination with the fourth aspect, in certain implementations of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to: demask the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence; and determine the fifth codeword sequence based on the second intermediate codeword sequence.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0023] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0024] In the seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable medium stores a computer program; when the computer program or processor runs on a computer, the computer or the processor executes the method as in the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0025] In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable medium stores a computer program; when the computer program or processor runs on a computer, the computer or the processor executes a method as in the second aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0026] In a ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0027] In a tenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method of the second aspect or any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0028] The solutions provided in the third to tenth aspects are used to implement or cooperate with the methods provided in the first and second aspects, and therefore can achieve the same or corresponding beneficial effects as the first and tenth aspects, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a polar code encoding matrix.

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a fence diagram of polar code encoding with mother code length N=8 and K=4.

[0032] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a transmission link at the transmitting end.

[0033] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a receiving link at the receiving end.

[0034] FIG6 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission process of a communication system.

[0035] FIG7 is a schematic flow chart of the data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of determining the number K′1 of information bits corresponding to the V code and the number K′2 of information bits corresponding to the U code of the polar code under the mother code length 1.

[0037] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of determining the number K′1 of information bits corresponding to the V code and the number K′2 of information bits corresponding to the U code of the polar code with a non-mother code length according to 1.

[0038] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a polar code encoding matrix when N=256 and K=64.

[0039] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a coding matrix used in polar code encoding of a bit sequence.

[0040] FIG12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG13 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG14 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless local area network (WLAN), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rate for GSM evolution (EDGE), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), time division-synchronization code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), satellite communication, sidelink (SL), fourth generation (4G) system, fifth generation (5G) system, or new communication systems that will appear in the future. In a communication system, a communication device is included, and the communication device can use air interface resources for wireless communication. Among them, the communication device may include a network device and a terminal device, and the network device may also be referred to as a base station device. The air interface resources may include at least one of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code resources and space resources.

[0045] The terminal devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem with wireless communication functions. The terminal may be a subscriber unit, user equipment (UE), a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a wireless modem (modulator demodulator, modem), a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, and a wireless terminal in a self-driving vehicle. Among them, the user equipment includes a vehicle user equipment. With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, more and more devices that did not previously have communication functions, such as but not limited to household appliances, vehicles, tools and equipment, service equipment, and service facilities, have begun to obtain wireless communication functions by configuring wireless communication units, so that they can access wireless communication networks and accept remote control. Such devices have wireless communication functions because they are configured with wireless communication units, and therefore also fall into the category of wireless communication devices. In addition, the terminal device can also be called a mobile station (MS), a mobile device, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a handheld device (handset), a client, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device can be a terminal device; it can also be a device that can support the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal device. In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system can be composed of chips, and can also include chips and other discrete devices. In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device is a terminal device, and the terminal device is a UE as an example to describe the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Exemplarily, the network device may be an access network device, an evolved Node B (eNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a Node B (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home evolved Node B (or home Node B, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), a device that performs base station functions in device to device (D2D), an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a transmission point (TP) or a transmission and reception point (TRP), etc. It may also be a gNB or a transmission point (e.g., TRP or TP) in a new radio (NR), one or a group (including multiple) antenna panels of a base station in NR, or a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (building baseband The network device may be a base station (BS) or a distributed unit (DU), or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device in a 6G network, a network device in a future PLMN network, or a network device deployed on a satellite, without limitation. In addition, depending on the size of the service coverage area provided, a base station (BS) may be divided into a macro base station for providing macro cells, a micro base station for providing micro cells (pico cells), a femto base station for providing femto cells, a relay station, and an access point. With the continuous evolution of wireless communication technology, future base stations may also adopt other names.

[0047] The product forms of network equipment are very rich. For example, during the product implementation process, the BBU can be integrated with the radio frequency unit (RFU) in the same device, and the device is connected to the antenna array via a cable (such as but not limited to a feeder). The BBU can also be set separately from the RFU, and the two are connected by optical fiber, and communicate through, for example, but not limited to, the common public radio interface (CPRI) protocol. In this case, the RFU is usually called a remote radio unit (RRU), which is connected to the antenna array via a cable. In addition, the RRU can also be integrated with the antenna array. For example, the active antenna unit (AAU) products currently on the market adopt this structure.

[0048] Furthermore, the BBU can be further broken down into multiple components. For example, the BBU can be further subdivided into a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) based on the real-time nature of the services it handles. The CU handles non-real-time protocols and services, while the DU handles physical layer protocols and real-time services. Furthermore, some physical layer functions can be separated from the BBU or DU and integrated into the AAU.

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The network architecture includes network devices and terminal devices. The network devices can transmit data or control information to the terminal devices, and the terminal devices can also transmit data or control information to the network devices. The network devices in the embodiment of the present application can be base stations.

[0050] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces polar encoding and decoding, as well as the data processing process during data transmission.

[0051] 1. Polar code encoding

[0052] The V code of the polar code refers to the polar code codeword sequence corresponding to the first half of the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, and the U code of the polar code refers to the polar code codeword sequence corresponding to the second half of the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted. The mother code length of the polar code refers to the code length N=2 of the polar code. n , n is a natural number; the non-mother code length of the polar code refers to that any code length E of the polar code is not equal to the power of 2.

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the polar code encoding matrix; the mother code length N = 8, the number of information bits in the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted K = 4. The square in Figure 2 with a diagonal line represents the lower triangular matrix corresponding to the polar code encoding matrix, which can be calculated based on the standard polar kernel. Perform n Kronecker products to obtain. For example, when n = 2, the polar code encoding matrix with a code length of N = 4 can be obtained. If there are no diagonal squares, it represents an all-zero matrix.

[0054] In addition to being represented by the encoding matrix in Figure 2, the polar code encoding process can also be represented based on the "fence diagram" in Figure 3. The corresponding encoding results are exactly the same. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the fence diagram for polar code encoding with a mother code length of N = 8 and K = 4. In the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the bits with higher reliability are information bits, and the bits with lower reliability are fixed bits. The value of the fixed bits is usually set to 0. When the bit sequence occupies 8 bits, the 8 bits are represented from left to right as m0, m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, and m7. If the reliability sequence, sorted from high reliability to low reliability, is [8, 7, 6, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1], and the number of information bits is 4, then m7, m6, m5, and m3 are information bits, and m4, m2, m1, and m0 are fixed bits. In Figure 3, the V code sequence corresponds to the four bits m0 to m3, and the U code sequence corresponds to the four bits m4 to m7. It can be seen that the bit sequence corresponding to the V code sequence contains only one information bit, while the bit sequence corresponding to the U code sequence contains three information bits. Therefore, the code rate of the V code is 1 / 8, the code rate of the U code is 3 / 8, and the overall code rate of the polar code is K / N = 4 / 8 = 1 / 2.

[0055] 2. Polar code decoding

[0056] Polar decoding methods can be divided into two categories based on decoding timing: sequential polar code decoding and non-sequential polar code decoding. Sequential polar code decoding involves decoding bit by bit based on the inherent sequential nature of the polar code design. Non-sequential polar code decoding, on the other hand, involves parallel decoding based on other polar code structures, such as the Taner graph and trelis graph. Currently, major sequential polar code decoding algorithms include successive cancellation (SC) decoding, successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding, successive cancellation stack (SCS) decoding, and cyclic redundancy check (CRC)-aided successive cancellation list (CA-SCL) decoding. Non-sequential polar code decoding algorithms include belief propagation (BP) decoding. The embodiment of the present application can perform decoding based on a polar code timing decoding algorithm. For example, the embodiment of the present application can perform decoding using an SC decoding algorithm.

[0057] 3. Data processing during data transmission

[0058] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the transmitter's transmission link. u represents the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be encoded. After passing u through the polar encoder, the polar codeword sequence C is generated. C is then modulated by the modulator to produce the modulation symbol sequence X. The transmitter's modulator inserts a pilot signal into the modulation symbol sequence X, generating a time-domain sequence S that is a mixture of the pilot signal and data. This time-domain sequence S is converted from serial to parallel by a serial-to-parallel conversion module, followed by an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to the frequency domain. This is then converted from parallel to serial by a parallel-to-serial conversion module and transmitted onto a fast fading channel.

[0059] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the receiving link at the receiving end. The receiving end receives the frequency domain sequence Y from the channel, converts the received frequency domain sequence Y into a serial-to-parallel conversion module, performs a fast Fourier transform (FFT), and then converts it into a time domain sequence r through the parallel-to-serial conversion module. The detector at the receiving end extracts the pilot signal r from the time domain sequence r. pilots and data signal r data, and according to the pilot signal r pilots Perform channel estimation to obtain the channel estimation value of the current channel H The detector uses the channel estimate and data signal r data Get the LLR sequence LLR input to the decoder data , the decoder is based on LLR data Decode to get the estimated sequence of the transmitted data u

[0060] When pilot resources are limited, the pilot signals sent by the transmitter are also limited. The receiver only uses a small amount of pilot signals for channel estimation, and the accuracy of the channel estimation value obtained is low, which will lead to low data decoding accuracy and poor data decoding performance.

[0061] Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of the data transmission process of the communication system. The core network elements of the embodiment of the present application are the channel coding unit and the channel decoding unit. The channel coding unit at the transmitting end is located between the source coding unit and the modulation unit. The channel coding unit is responsible for channel coding the bits generated by the source. After modulation, the modulated symbols are sent through the noisy channel to the receiving end for demodulation and then channel decoding. The channel decoding unit is located between the demodulation unit and the source decoding unit and is responsible for recovering the source bit stream.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application proposes a method for data transmission that can improve the decoding accuracy of data, thereby improving the decoding performance of data. Figure 7 is a schematic flow diagram of the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application. The first device in the embodiment of the present application can be a network device, and the second device can be a terminal device; or, the first device in the embodiment of the present application can be a terminal device, and the second device can be a network device. The first pilot signal in the embodiment of the present application is a pilot signal sent by the first device, and the second pilot signal and the third pilot signal are additional pilot signals determined by the second device.

[0063] 710. The first device determines a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence. The first reliability sequence is a reliability sequence predefined in the NR standard and is related to the number of bits corresponding to the data to be transmitted and the number of information bits corresponding to the data to be transmitted.

[0064] Compared with the first reliability sequence, the second reliability sequence can reduce the number of information bits corresponding to the V code in the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, and increase the number of information bits corresponding to the U code, thereby reducing the code rate corresponding to the V code and improving the decoding accuracy of the bit sequence corresponding to the V code.

[0065] Exemplarily, the first device determines a channel capacity improvement ratio l based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted and the code rate of the polar code. Based on a first reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the first device determines the number of information bits K1 corresponding to the original V code of the data to be transmitted and the number of information bits K2 corresponding to the original U code of the data to be transmitted. Based on the channel capacity improvement ratio l, K1, and K2, the first device determines the number of information bits K'1 corresponding to the V code corresponding to the bit sequence and the number of information bits K'2 corresponding to the U code corresponding to the bit sequence. The first device then determines a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on K'1 and K'2. The channel capacity improvement ratio l is related to the number P of first pilot signals and the code rate R currently used by the first device. R = K / N, where N is the number of bits in the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, and is a positive integer. K is the number of information bits in the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, and K = K'1 + K'2.

[0066] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing how the number of information bits K'1 and K'2 of the polar code V code corresponding to the mother code length of the polar code are determined based on the mother code length of l. 5 =64, the number of information bits K = 32, the number of information bits corresponding to the first N / 2 polar codes K1 = 8, so the number of information bits corresponding to the V code is K1, and the number of information bits corresponding to the U code is K2 = K-K1 = 24. Modify K2 according to l and get And K'1=K-K'2=K1+(1-1)K2=5.

[0067] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of determining the number of information bits K'1 corresponding to the V code and the number of information bits K'2 corresponding to the U code of the polar code under the non-mother code length l. Assume that the non-mother code length E of the polar code sequence is 59 and the number of information bits K is 32. First determine the mother code length of the polar code sequence forward The number of information bits corresponding to the polar code is K1, and the number of information bits corresponding to the U code is K2 = K-K1; K2 is corrected according to l to obtain And K'1=K-K'2=K1+(1-1)K2.

[0068] For example, the capacity improvement ratio l(R, P) can be expressed in the form of a polynomial or piecewise function. The capacity improvement ratio l(R, P) can be expressed in the form of a polynomial as shown in the following formula (1):

[0069] l(R,P)=p00+p10*P+p01*R+p20*P^2+p11*P*R+p02*R^2+p30*P^3+p21*P^2*R+p12*P*R^2 (1)

[0070] The coefficients of the polynomial in formula (1) can be obtained from Table 1.

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] For example, the capacity improvement ratio l(R,P) can be obtained by table lookup. Based on the number of pilot signals P and the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index, l(R,P) can be determined using Table 2. The MCS index corresponds one-to-one to the code rate R.

[0074] Table 2

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Optionally, the first device determines a rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence; and the first device determines a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code.

[0078] Exemplarily, the first device determines, based on a first reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the number K1 of information bits corresponding to the original V code corresponding to the data to be transmitted and the number K2 of information bits corresponding to the original U code corresponding to the data to be transmitted; the first device determines, based on the number of first pilot signals, the code rate of the polar code, and the original code rate allocation function R seq =K1 / K2, determine the code rate allocation function R corresponding to the code rate of the polar code update The first device determines the number K'1 of information bits corresponding to the V code corresponding to the bit sequence and the number K'2 of information bits corresponding to the U code corresponding to the bit sequence based on the code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code; the first device then determines the second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on K'1 and K'2. update It can be expressed by the following formula (2):

[0079]

[0080] Among them, Rseq When the number of information bits is K, the polar code sequence The original rate allocation function is determined according to the first reliability sequence; or, K'2=K-K'1.

[0081] At 720, the first device sends a first codeword sequence and a first pilot signal to the second device. The first codeword sequence is obtained by the first device performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence. The bit sequence is determined by the first device based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence. This can be understood as follows: the first device determines the bit sequence based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence; the first device then performs polar code encoding on the bit sequence to obtain the first codeword sequence. The first pilot signal is used by the second device for channel estimation.

[0082] 730. The second device receives a target codeword sequence and a first pilot signal from the first device. The target codeword sequence is a codeword sequence obtained by modulating the first codeword sequence by the first device and performing channel noise processing on the first codeword sequence by a channel between the first device and the second device.

[0083] At 740, the second device determines a second codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal. The second codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to the estimated values ​​of the first M bits in the bit sequence, where M is equal to N / 2 rounded up, and M is a positive integer. The second codeword sequence can be understood as a V code sequence corresponding to the bit sequence.

[0084] Illustratively, the second device performs channel estimation based on the first pilot signal to obtain an original channel estimate value of the current channel; the second device obtains a first LLR sequence input to a decoder based on the original channel estimate value and a target codeword sequence; the decoder performs polar code decoding on the first LLR sequence to obtain estimated values ​​of the first M bits in the bit sequence; and polar code encoding is performed on the estimated values ​​of the first M bits in the bit sequence to obtain a second codeword sequence.

[0085] At 750, the second device determines a third codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence. The third codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to the estimated values ​​of the last NM bits in the bit sequence. The second codeword sequence can be understood as a U code sequence corresponding to the bit sequence. The first codeword sequence is the superposition of the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence in the binary domain.

[0086] Exemplarily, the second device demasks the second codeword sequence from the target codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence; and the second device determines a third codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence.

[0087] Specifically, the second device determines whether the symbols of the bits in the second half of the first intermediate codeword sequence are repetitions of the symbols of the bits in the first half of the first intermediate codeword sequence. If the symbols of the bits in the second half of the first intermediate codeword sequence are repetitions of the symbols of the bits in the first half, the second device obtains a second LLR sequence input to a decoder based on the original channel estimate and the first intermediate codeword sequence; the decoder performs polar code decoding on the second LLR sequence to obtain estimated values ​​of the last NM bits in the bit sequence; and polar code encoding is performed on the estimated values ​​of the last NM bits in the bit sequence to obtain a third codeword sequence. If the signs of the bits in the second half of the first intermediate codeword sequence are not repetitions of the signs of the bits in the first half, the second device flips the signs of the bits with smaller LLR absolute values ​​among the bits whose bit signs are different in the first and second half of the first intermediate codeword sequence, so that the signs of the bits in the second half of the first intermediate codeword sequence after flipping are repetitions of the signs of the bits in the first half. The second device obtains a second LLR sequence input to a decoder based on the original channel estimate and the flipped first intermediate codeword sequence. The decoder performs polar code decoding on the second LLR sequence to obtain estimated values ​​of the last NM bits in the bit sequence. The estimated values ​​of the last NM bits in the bit sequence are encoded with polar codes to obtain a third codeword sequence.

[0088] For example, the first intermediate codeword sequence is {1.2, -1.5, 3, 0.5}. Since the sign of the second bit is different from the sign of the fourth bit in the first intermediate codeword sequence (the signs of -1.5 and 0.5 are different), the signs of the bits in the second half of the first intermediate codeword sequence are not repeated with those in the first half. Therefore, the sign of the fourth bit having the smaller LLR absolute value between the second bit and the fourth bit is flipped to obtain the flipped first intermediate codeword sequence {1.2, -1.5, 3, -0.5}.

[0089] 760. The second device determines a bit sequence based on the first channel estimate and the target codeword sequence. The first channel estimate is determined based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is determined based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence. Specifically, the second device determines the second pilot signal based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence; the second device determines the first channel estimate based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal; the second device obtains a third LLR sequence input to the decoder based on the first channel estimate and the target codeword sequence; the decoder performs polarization code decoding on the third LLR sequence to obtain a bit sequence, thereby obtaining the data sent by the first device through the bit sequence. The second pilot signal is a pilot signal obtained by superimposing the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence on the 2-ary domain and then performing phase modulation. The accuracy of the first channel estimate is higher than the accuracy of the original channel estimate determined only by the first pilot signal.

[0090] In the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, a first device determines a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, and determines a bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the second reliability sequence. In the determined bit sequence, the number of information bits corresponding to the V code is reduced, while the number of information bits corresponding to the U code is increased, thereby reducing the code rate corresponding to the V code. After the second device receives the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal from the first device, it first determines the V code sequence (second codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal. Since the code rate corresponding to the V code is low, the accuracy of the V code sequence determined by the second device is higher; after the second device removes the V code sequence from the target codeword sequence, it determines the U code sequence (third codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence, and determines the additional pilot signal (second pilot signal) based on the V code sequence and the U code sequence; the second device can determine the first channel estimate of the channel between the first device and the second device based on the determined additional pilot signal and the received first pilot signal, and the accuracy of the first channel estimate is higher than the accuracy of the original channel estimate determined only by the first pilot signal; the second device decodes the target codeword sequence after reducing aliasing and noise based on the first channel estimate, thereby improving the decoding performance. Therefore, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the determined channel estimate by determining the additional pilot signal, thereby improving the decoding accuracy of the data, thereby improving the decoding performance of the data.

[0091] Optionally, the second device determines a fourth codeword sequence based on the first channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence, where the fourth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, where L is equal to (NM) / 2 rounded up, and L is a positive integer. The second device determines a fifth codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, where the fifth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence. The second device determines a bit sequence based on the second channel estimate value and the target codeword sequence, where the second channel estimate value is determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is determined based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence. It should be understood that the greater the number of pilot signals, the higher the accuracy of the determined channel estimation value; since the first channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, and the second channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal and the third pilot signal, the accuracy of the second channel estimation value is higher than the accuracy of the first channel estimation value.

[0092] Optionally, the second device demasks the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence, and the second device determines a fifth codeword sequence based on the second intermediate codeword sequence. The fifth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence.

[0093] Specifically, the second device obtains a fourth LLR sequence input to the decoder based on the first channel estimate and the target codeword sequence. The decoder performs polar code decoding on the fourth LLR sequence to obtain an estimate of the first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence. Polar code encoding is performed on the estimate of the first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence to obtain a fourth codeword sequence. The second device unmasks the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence. The second intermediate codeword sequence can be understood as a received sequence corresponding to the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence. The second device determines a fifth codeword sequence based on the second intermediate codeword sequence. The second device determines a third pilot signal based on the fourth and fifth codeword sequences. The second device determines a second channel estimate based on the first, second, and third pilot signals. The second device obtains a fifth LLR sequence input to the decoder based on the second channel estimate and the target codeword sequence. The decoder performs polar code decoding on the fifth LLR sequence to obtain a bit sequence. The third pilot signal is a pilot signal obtained by superimposing the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence on a binary domain and then performing phase modulation.

[0094] The process by which the second device determines the fifth codeword sequence based on the second intermediate codeword sequence is similar to the process by which the second device determines the third codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence. Specifically, the second device determines whether the symbols of the bits in the second half of the second intermediate codeword sequence are repetitions of the symbols of the bits in the first half of the second intermediate codeword sequence. If the symbols of the bits in the second half of the second intermediate codeword sequence are repetitions of the symbols of the bits in the first half, the second device obtains a sixth LLR sequence input to the decoder based on the first channel estimate and the second intermediate codeword sequence; the decoder performs polarization code decoding on the sixth LLR sequence to obtain an estimate of the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence; and performs polarization code encoding on the estimate of the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence to obtain the fifth codeword sequence. If the signs of the bits in the second half of the second intermediate codeword sequence are not repetitions of the signs of the bits in the first half, the second device flips the signs of the bits with smaller LLR absolute values ​​among the bits whose bit signs are different in the first and second half of the second intermediate codeword sequence, so that the signs of the bits in the second half of the second intermediate codeword sequence after flipping are repetitions of the signs of the bits in the first half. The second device obtains a sixth LLR sequence input to a decoder based on the first channel estimation value and the flipped second intermediate codeword sequence. The decoder performs polar code decoding on the sixth LLR sequence to obtain estimated values ​​of the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence. Polar code encoding is performed on the estimated values ​​of the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence to obtain a fifth codeword sequence.

[0095] Based on the above scheme, after the second device receives the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal from the first device, it first determines the V code sequence (second codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal. Since the code rate corresponding to the V code is low, the accuracy of the V code sequence determined by the second device is higher; the second device de-masks the V code sequence from the target codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence, determines the U code sequence (third codeword sequence) corresponding to the bit sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence, and determines the second pilot signal based on the V code sequence and the U code sequence; the second device can determine a first channel estimate value of the channel between the first device and the second device based on the determined second pilot signal and the received first pilot signal. The accuracy of the first channel estimate value is higher than the accuracy of the original channel estimate value determined only by the first pilot signal. The second device determines the polarization code sequence (fourth codeword sequence) corresponding to the estimated value of the first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence based on the first channel estimate and the target codeword sequence; the second device unmasks the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain the polarization code sequence (fifth codeword sequence) corresponding to the last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, and determines the third pilot signal based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence; the second device can determine the second channel estimate of the channel between the first device and the second device based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal and the third pilot signal, and the accuracy of the second channel estimate is higher than the accuracy of the first channel estimate; the second device decodes the target codeword sequence after reducing aliasing and noise based on the second channel estimate, thereby improving the decoding performance. Therefore, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the channel estimate and the decoding accuracy of the data by multiple determinations of additional pilot signals, thereby improving the decoding performance of the data.

[0096] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the second device can determine additional pilot signals three or more times based on the U-UV structure of the polar code. The more additional pilot signals are determined, the higher the data decoding accuracy and the better the decoding performance. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the polar code encoding matrix when N = 256 and K = 64. Based on this encoding matrix, up to log2(N) additional pilot signals can be determined.

[0097] The following describes the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application with reference to specific examples.

[0098] In Example 1, the number of bits N in the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted is 4, and an additional pilot signal is determined based on the U-UV structure of the polar code.

[0099] Step (1): The first device determines the second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals currently in use, the code rate of the polarization code, and the first reliability sequence; the first device determines the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence; the first device then performs polarization code encoding on the bit sequence to obtain a first codeword sequence. The first device sends the first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to the second device. The first reliability sequence is a reliability sequence predefined in the NR standard, and the first reliability sequence is related to the number of bits corresponding to the data to be transmitted and the number of information bits corresponding to the data to be transmitted.

[0100] Step (2): The second device receives the target codeword sequence r from the first device data ={1.2, 1.5, 3, 0.5} and the first pilot signal. data ={1.2, 1.5, 3, 0.5} is a code word sequence after the channel between the first device and the second device modulates the first code word sequence and performs channel noise processing.

[0101] Step (3): The second device is based on r data and the first pilot signal to determine the V code sequence. The second device decodes r based on the SC decoding algorithm. data Decode and get r data The estimated values ​​of the first two bits m0 and m1 in the corresponding bit sequence are then polarized and encoded to obtain the V code sequence {0, 1, 0, 0}. The V code sequence in this example can be understood as the second codeword sequence in the embodiment of FIG7 .

[0102] Step (4): The second device pairs r data Unmask the V code sequence and obtain the first intermediate codeword sequence r demask , the first intermediate codeword sequence can be understood as the received sequence corresponding to the U code sequence. data The corresponding first codeword sequence is the superposition of the U code sequence and the V code sequence on the binary domain. Therefore, the target codeword sequence r data The symbol at the position corresponding to 0 in the V code sequence will not change, and the target codeword sequence r data The symbol at the position corresponding to 1 in the V code sequence will be flipped, so the second device will data After removing the V code sequence, we get r demask ={1.2, -1.5, 3, 0.5}.

[0103] Step (5): The second device is based on r demask Determine the U code sequence. demask The sign of the second bit is different from the sign of the fourth bit (-1.5 and 0.5 have different signs), r demaskThe sign of the bit in the second half is not r demask If the sign of the bit in the first half of the sequence is repeated, the sign of the 4th bit with the smaller LLR absolute value among the 2nd and 4th bits is flipped to obtain the flipped first intermediate codeword sequence r demask '={1.2, -1.5, 3, -0.5}. The second device decodes {1.2, -1.5, 3, -0.5} based on the SC decoding algorithm to obtain r data The estimated values ​​of the last two bits m2 and m3 in the corresponding bit sequence are then polarized and encoded to obtain the U code sequence {0, 1, 0, 1}. The U code sequence in this example can be understood as the third codeword sequence in the above embodiment.

[0104] Step (6): The second device superimposes the V code sequence {0, 1, 0, 0} and the U code sequence {0, 1, 0, 1} on the 2-ary domain, {0, 1, 0, 0} + {0, 1, 0, 1} = {0, 0, 0, 1}, and phase modulates {0, 0, 0, 1} to obtain the pilot sequence {1, 1, 1, -1} of the second pilot signal.

[0105] Step (7): The second device determines a first channel estimation value based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, wherein the accuracy of the first channel estimation value is higher than the accuracy of the channel estimation value determined only by the first pilot signal; the second device determines a first channel estimation value based on the first channel estimation value and r data , obtaining an LLR sequence input to the decoder; the decoder performs polar code decoding on the LLR sequence based on the SC decoding algorithm to obtain a bit sequence.

[0106] In Example 2, the number of bits N in the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted is 8, the number of information bits in the bit sequence is K=4, and two additional pilot signals are determined based on the U-UV structure of the polar code.

[0107] Step (1): The first device determines the second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals currently in use, the code rate of the polarization code, and the first reliability sequence; the first device determines the bit sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence; the first device then performs polarization code encoding on the bit sequence to obtain a first codeword sequence. The first device sends the first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to the second device. The first reliability sequence is a reliability sequence predefined in the NR standard, and the first reliability sequence is related to the number of bits corresponding to the data to be transmitted and the number of information bits corresponding to the data to be transmitted.

[0108] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the encoding matrix used in the process of polar code encoding of a bit sequence. m7, m6, m5, and m3 are information bits, and m4, m2, m1, and m0 are fixed bits. The first four rows in Figure 11 correspond to the 4-row and 8-column submatrix G. V The encoding matrix corresponding to the V code, the 4 rows and 8 columns of the submatrix G corresponding to the last 4 rows in Figure 10 U is the encoding matrix corresponding to the U code.

[0109] Step (2): The second device receives the target codeword sequence r from the first device data ={1.2, 1.5, 3, 0.5, 2.1, 3.4, 1.2, 0.6} and the first pilot signal. data ={1.2, 1.5, 3, 0.5, 2.1, 3.4, 1.2, 0.6} is a code sequence obtained after the first device modulates the first code sequence and the channel between the first device and the second device performs channel noise processing on the modulated first code sequence.

[0110] Step (3): The second device is based on r data and the first pilot signal to determine the V code sequence. The second device decodes r based on the SC decoding algorithm. data Decode and get r data The estimated values ​​of the first four bits m0, m1, m2, and m3 in the corresponding bit sequence are then polarized to obtain the V code sequence {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}. The V code sequence in this example can be understood as the second codeword sequence in the embodiment of FIG. 7 .

[0111] Step (4): The second device pairs r data Unmask the V code sequence and obtain the first intermediate codeword sequence r demask , the first intermediate codeword sequence can be understood as the received sequence corresponding to the U code sequence. data The corresponding first codeword sequence is the superposition of the U code sequence and the V code sequence on the binary domain. Therefore, the target codeword sequence r data The symbol at the position corresponding to 0 in the V code sequence will not change, and the target codeword sequence r data The symbol at the position corresponding to 1 in the V code sequence will be flipped, so the second device will data After removing the V code sequence, we get r demask ={1.2, -1.5, 3, 0.5, 2.1, 3.4, 1.2, 0.6}.

[0112] Step (5): The second device is based on r demask Determine the U code sequence. demaskThe sign of the second bit is different from the sign of the sixth bit (-1.5 and 3.4 have different signs), r demask The sign of the bit in the second half is not r demask If the sign of the bit in the first half of the sequence is repeated, the sign of the second bit with the smaller LLR absolute value among the second and sixth bits is flipped to obtain the flipped first intermediate codeword sequence r demask '={1.2, 1.5, 3, 0.5, 2.1, 3.4, 1.2, 0.6}. The second device decodes r based on the SC decoding algorithm. demask 'Decode and get r data The estimated values ​​of the last four bits m4, m5, m6, and m7 in the corresponding bit sequence are then polar-coded to obtain the U code sequence {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}. The U code sequence in this example can be understood as the third codeword sequence in the embodiment of FIG. 7 .

[0113] Step (6): The second device superimposes the V code sequence {0, 1, 0, 0} and the U code sequence {0, 1, 0, 1} on the binary domain to obtain the code word sequence a0~a7={0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, and phase modulates the code word sequence a0~a7 to obtain the pilot sequence of the second pilot signal {1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}.

[0114] Step (7): The second device determines a first channel estimation value based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, wherein the accuracy of the first channel estimation value is higher than the accuracy of the channel estimation value determined only by the first pilot signal; the second device determines a first channel estimation value based on the first channel estimation value and r data , obtaining the LLR sequence input to the decoder. The decoder performs polar code decoding on the LLR sequence using the SC decoding algorithm, obtaining estimated values ​​for the first two bits m4 and m5 of the last four bits of the bit sequence. Polar code encoding is then performed on the estimated values ​​for the first two bits m4 and m5 of the last four bits of the bit sequence, resulting in the fourth codeword sequence {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}. This step allows the U code to perform an additional channel estimation using the U-UV structure. The fourth codeword sequence can be understood as the V code sequence corresponding to m4, m5, m6, and m7.

[0115] Step (8): The second device de-masks the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain the second intermediate codeword sequence r demask ={1.2, -1.5, 3, 0.5, 2.1, -3.4, 1.2, 0.6}, the second intermediate codeword sequence can be understood as the receiving sequence corresponding to m6 and m7.

[0116] Step (9): The second device is based on r demask"Determine the fifth codeword sequence. According to the matrix structure of the encoding matrix corresponding to the U code, it can be seen that r demask "The sign of the first bit and the sign of the third bit should be the same, r demask "The sign of the second bit should be the same as the sign of the fourth bit, r demask "The sign of the 5th bit should be the same as the sign of the 7th bit, r demask "The sign of the 6th bit should be the same as the sign of the 8th bit. However, demask "The sign of the second bit is different from the sign of the fourth bit, r demask If the sign of the 6th bit in " is different from the sign of the 8th bit, flip r demask "The symbols of the 4th and 8th bits in the , get the updated r demask ={1.2, -1.5, 3, -0.5, 2.1, -3.4, 1.2, -0.6}. The second device decodes {1.2, -1.5, 3, -0.5, 2.1, -3.4, 1.2, -0.6} based on the SC decoding algorithm to obtain r data The estimated values ​​of m6 and m7 in the corresponding bit sequence are then polarized to obtain the fifth codeword sequence {0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1}. The fifth codeword sequence can be understood as the U code sequence corresponding to m4, m5, m6, and m7.

[0117] Step (10): The second device superimposes the fourth codeword sequence {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0} and the fifth codeword sequence {0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1} on the 2-ary field to obtain the codeword sequence b0~b7={0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1}. The code word sequence a0~a7={0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0} determined in step (6) is superimposed on the code word sequence b0~b7={0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1} on the binary domain to obtain the code word sequence c0~c7={0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1}. After phase modulation of the code word sequence c0~c7={0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1}, the pilot sequence of the third pilot signal is obtained as {1,-1,1,-1,1,1,1,-1}.

[0118] Step (11): The second device determines a second channel estimation value based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal and the third pilot signal, wherein the accuracy of the second channel estimation value is higher than the accuracy of the first channel estimation value; the second device determines a second channel estimation value based on the second channel estimation value and r data , obtaining an LLR sequence input to the decoder; the decoder performs polar code decoding on the LLR sequence based on the SC decoding algorithm to obtain a bit sequence.

[0119] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, M may also be equal to N / 2 rounded down, and L may also be equal to (NM) / 2 rounded down. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the rounding method.

[0120] The above describes the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The following describes the execution entity used to execute the above data transmission method.

[0121] FIG12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The device can be applied to or deployed in the first device according to the method embodiment of the present application.

[0122] The communication device 1200 includes: a processing unit 1210, configured to determine a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, a code rate of a polar code, and a first reliability sequence;

[0123] The transceiver unit 1220 is configured to send a first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to the second device, where the first codeword sequence is obtained by the processing unit after performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence, and the bit sequence is determined by the processing unit based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence.

[0124] Optionally, the processing unit 1210 is specifically configured to determine, based on the number of pilot signals, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, a code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code; and determine the second reliability sequence based on the code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code.

[0125] FIG13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The device can be applied to or deployed in the second device according to the method embodiment of the present application.

[0126] The communication apparatus 1300 includes: a transceiver unit 1310, configured to receive a target codeword sequence and a first pilot signal from a first device, wherein the target codeword sequence is a codeword sequence obtained by modulating and performing channel noise processing on a first codeword sequence, and the first codeword sequence is obtained by performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence by the first device;

[0127] a processing unit 1320 configured to determine a second codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal, where the second codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to estimated values ​​of first M bits in the bit sequence, where the bit sequence occupies N bits, where M is equal to N / 2 rounded up, and N and M are positive integers;

[0128] The processing unit 1320 is further configured to determine a third codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, where the third codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the last NM bits in the bit sequence;

[0129] The processing unit 1320 is further used to determine the bit sequence based on a first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the first channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is determined based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence.

[0130] Optionally, the processing unit 1320 is specifically configured to: demask the second codeword sequence from the target codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence; and determine the third codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence.

[0131] Optionally, the processing unit 1320 is specifically configured to:

[0132] determining, based on the first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, a fourth codeword sequence, where the fourth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, where L is equal to (NM) / 2 rounded up, and L is a positive integer;

[0133] determining a fifth codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, where the fifth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence;

[0134] The bit sequence is determined based on a second channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the second channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is determined based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence.

[0135] Optionally, the processing unit 1320 is specifically configured to:

[0136] Demasking the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence;

[0137] The fifth codeword sequence is determined according to the second intermediate codeword sequence.

[0138] FIG14 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device 1400 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1400 includes: a processor 1410, a memory 1420, and a communication interface 1430;

[0139] The memory 1420 is used to store computer programs;

[0140] The processor 1410 is coupled to the memory 1420 via the communication interface 1430. The processor 1410 is configured to call and execute the computer program in the memory 1420 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application. The communication device can be applied to the first device or the second device in the embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the processor 1410 and the memory 1420 are integrated together.

[0141] The processor 1410 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above-described method embodiment may be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits within the processor or by software instructions. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component. The methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application may be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application may be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules within the decoding processor. The software module may be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above-described method.

[0142] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which includes an input and output interface and a logic circuit, wherein the input and output interface is used to obtain input information and / or output information; the logic circuit is used to execute the method in any of the above method embodiments, and process and / or generate output information based on the input information.

[0143] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, including a first device and a second device in the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application.

[0144] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for implementing the method in the above method embodiment. When the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer can implement the method in the above method embodiment.

[0145] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the method in the above method embodiment is executed.

[0146] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, including a processor, wherein the processor is connected to a memory, the memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs stored in the memory, so that the chip executes the method in the above method embodiment.

[0147] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the numbers "first", "second"... are only for distinguishing different objects, such as to distinguish different devices, codeword sequences, etc., and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0149] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0150] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0151] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0152] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0153] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0154] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that: include: The first device determines, based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, a code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted; The first device sends a first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to the second device, where the first codeword sequence is obtained by the first device performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence, and the bit sequence is determined by the first device based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first device determines, based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, a code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted, including: Determining, by the first device, a code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code based on the number of the first pilot signals, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence; The first device determines the second reliability sequence according to a code rate allocation function corresponding to a code rate of the polar code.

3. A data transmission method, characterized in that: include: A second device receives a target codeword sequence and a first pilot signal from a first device, where the target codeword sequence is a codeword sequence obtained by modulating and performing channel noise processing on the first codeword sequence, and the first codeword sequence is obtained by performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence by the first device; The second device determines, based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal, a second codeword sequence, where the second codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to estimated values ​​of first M bits in the bit sequence, where the bit sequence occupies N bits, where M is equal to N / 2 rounded up, and N and M are positive integers; The second device determines, based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, a third codeword sequence, where the third codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of the last NM bits in the bit sequence; The second device determines the bit sequence based on a first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the first channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is determined based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The second device determines a third codeword sequence according to the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, including: The second device demasks the second codeword sequence from the target codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence; The second device determines the third codeword sequence according to the first intermediate codeword sequence.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The second device determines the bit sequence according to the first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, including: The second device determines, based on the first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, a fourth codeword sequence, where the fourth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, where L is equal to (NM) / 2 rounded up, and L is a positive integer; The second device determines a fifth codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, where the fifth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence; The second device determines the bit sequence based on a second channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the second channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is determined based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The second device determines a fifth codeword sequence according to the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, including: The second device demasks the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence; The second device determines the fifth codeword sequence according to the second intermediate codeword sequence.

7. A communication device, characterized in that: include: a processing unit, configured to determine a second reliability sequence corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the number of first pilot signals corresponding to the data to be transmitted, a code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence; a transceiver unit, configured to send a first codeword sequence and the first pilot signal to a second device, where the first codeword sequence is obtained by the processing unit after performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence, and the bit sequence is determined by the processing unit based on the data to be transmitted and the second reliability sequence.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The processing unit is specifically configured to: determining, according to the number of pilot signals, the code rate of the polar code, and the first reliability sequence, a code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code; The second reliability sequence is determined according to a code rate allocation function corresponding to the code rate of the polar code.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: include: a transceiver unit, configured to receive a target codeword sequence and a first pilot signal from a first device, where the target codeword sequence is a codeword sequence obtained by performing modulation and channel noise processing on the first codeword sequence, and the first codeword sequence is obtained by performing polar code encoding on a bit sequence by the first device; a processing unit, configured to determine a second codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the first pilot signal, where the second codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to estimated values ​​of first M bits in the bit sequence, where the bit sequence occupies N bits, M is equal to N / 2 rounded up, and N and M are positive integers; The processing unit is further configured to determine a third codeword sequence based on the target codeword sequence and the second codeword sequence, where the third codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to estimated values ​​of the last NM bits in the bit sequence; The processing unit is further configured to determine the bit sequence based on a first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the first channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, and the second pilot signal is determined based on the second codeword sequence and the third codeword sequence.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The processing unit is specifically configured to: Demasking the target codeword sequence to remove the second codeword sequence to obtain a first intermediate codeword sequence; The third codeword sequence is determined according to the first intermediate codeword sequence.

11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that The processing unit is specifically configured to: determining, based on the first channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, a fourth codeword sequence, where the fourth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of first L bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence, where L is equal to (NM) / 2 rounded up, and L is a positive integer; determining a fifth codeword sequence based on the first intermediate codeword sequence and the fourth codeword sequence, where the fifth codeword sequence is a polar code sequence corresponding to an estimated value of last NML bits of the last NM bits of the bit sequence; The bit sequence is determined based on a second channel estimation value and the target codeword sequence, wherein the second channel estimation value is determined based on the first pilot signal, the second pilot signal, and a third pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is determined based on the fourth codeword sequence and the fifth codeword sequence.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The processing unit is specifically configured to: Demasking the fourth codeword sequence from the first intermediate codeword sequence to obtain a second intermediate codeword sequence; The fifth codeword sequence is determined according to the second intermediate codeword sequence.

13. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, the memory being configured to store a computer program, the processor being configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that include: The computer readable medium stores a computer program; When the computer program is run on a computer or a processor, the computer or the processor is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

15. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program which, when executed, enables the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to be implemented.

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