Multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on dynamic response gel

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on dynamic response gel, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural weeding, and is characterized in that the vegetation blanket comprises a fixed layer, a loose covering layer, a vegetation layer, a nutrient storage layer, an isolation layer and a bottom holding layer from top to bottom, after the sequential laying is completed, a puncture machine is adopted for sequentially penetrating and fixing from top to bottom to obtain the vegetation blanket, and the fixing layer and the bottom holding layer are both graticules woven by polyethylene materials; the covering loose layer is made of coconut fibers; the vegetation layer is prepared by mixing stable gel, grass seeds, organic fertilizer and coconut shreds; the nutrient storage layer is prepared by mixing coconut fiber and organic fertilizer; the isolation layer is made of polypropylene fiber cloth, growth of original weeds can be effectively inhibited, maximization of economic and ecological benefits is achieved, and the problem that grass growing of the vegetation blanket is not uniform is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural weeding, and in particular to a multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on dynamic response gel. Background Art

[0002] Weeds in orchards are a major problem in crop production, restricting the sustainable and healthy development of the fruit tree economy, causing great harm to orchard production, and becoming the main factor restricting the growth of fruit trees and the quality of fruits. At present, the main methods for removing weeds include tillage weeding, chemical weeding, plastic film mulching, grass mulching, etc. Tillage weeding has a high dependence on instrument and labor costs, and there is an obvious game among the tillage depth, weeding intensity, and protection of fruit tree roots. Since weeds cannot be uprooted, multiple repeated operations are required. Chemical weeding can eradicate annual and perennial weeds, reduce manual input, avoid damage to the surface fruit tree roots, and will not reduce the absorption of nutrients by fruit trees. However, the drug efficacy period of chemical control measures is relatively short, and high-frequency use will cause serious damage to fruit trees, soil environment, and orchard ecology. Artificial grass mulching mainly forms a dense shaded space on the surface of orchard soil by planting specific grass species, so that weeds cannot grow normally, thereby achieving the effect of weed control. It is a relatively advanced and eco-friendly weeding method. However, weeds in orchards have extremely strong vitality, and it is difficult for the planted grass to gain an advantage in the short term.

[0003] When using a vegetation blanket for weeding, mainly by covering the vegetation blanket on the soil surface to form a plant covering layer to hinder the photosynthesis of weeds, thereby preventing the growth of weeds and reducing the competition of weeds for plants. However, during transportation, the vegetation blanket will jolt, resulting in the displacement of grass seeds in the vegetation layer, leading to uneven grass emergence in the follow-up; in addition, in actual situations, the environment may not be flat. For example, when laying the vegetation blanket under the environmental conditions of a ridge and furrow, external environments such as strong winds and heavy rains may cause the grass seeds to be washed and displaced, all of which will cause uneven grass emergence. Weeds will grow in the places where there is no grass emergence, thus affecting the weed control effect and reducing the weeding efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to quickly achieve the purpose of weed control while stabilizing the position of grass seeds and improving the weeding efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on dynamic response gel, which solves the problems of uneven grass emergence and poor weeding ability of the vegetation blanket.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on dynamic response gel. The vegetation blanket consists of a fixing layer, a covering and loosening layer, a vegetation layer, a nutrient storage layer, an isolation layer, and a bottom pocket layer from top to bottom. After being laid in sequence, the vegetation blanket is fixed by puncturing from top to bottom with a puncturing machine. Among them, both the fixing layer and the bottom pocket layer are wire meshes woven from polyethylene materials; the covering and loosening layer is made of coconut shell fibers; the vegetation layer is made by mixing stable gel, grass seeds, organic fertilizer, and coconut silk; the nutrient storage layer is made by mixing coconut shell fibers and organic fertilizer; the isolation layer is made of polypropylene fiber cloth.

[0008] Furthermore, the using method of the vegetation blanket is as follows:

[0009] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects, and gravel on the slopes of the ridges and furrows, and lay the vegetation blanket according to different grass seed requirements on the ridges and in the furrows;

[0010] (2) When laying the vegetation blanket, it should be in full contact with the soil quality and the soil and rock slopes. After each piece of vegetation blanket is laid, it is fixed alternately with U-shaped iron nails at intervals of 1m - 1.5m. Adjacent pieces of vegetation blanket are overlapped, and the periphery of the vegetation blanket is fixed by digging trenches;

[0011] (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, uniformly cover the surface with 2 - 3 cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering the soil, level and roll it to make it fully combined with the soil. Then spray a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.5 - 8 on the surface of the vegetation blanket once, and the spraying amount is 2 - 3 L / m 2 .

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the vegetation layer: Mix stable gel, organic fertilizer, and coconut silk evenly according to a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture, then sprinkle grass seeds into it, and then dry it at 35 - 40 °C for 12 - 15 h to obtain the vegetation layer, and the thickness of the vegetation layer is 1 - 1.5 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the stable gel is as follows:

[0014] S1: Add hyaluronic acid to water, stir evenly, then add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5 - 5.5, stir and react for 1 - 2 h, then add succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 20 - 24 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0015] S2: Add the modified hyaluronic acid to water and mix evenly, then add methacrylic acid, N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium chloride, and react at 80 - 90 °C for 8 - 10 h to obtain stable gel.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the hyaluronic acid to the succinimidyl ester is (4 - 5):(2 - 3).

[0017] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the modified hyaluronic acid, methacrylic acid, N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium chloride is (4-5):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.15):(0.1-0.12):(0.8-1).

[0018] Furthermore, the selection of the grass seeds for the vegetation layer is as follows: for the vegetation blanket laid on the ridges, one or more of leguminous forages such as alfalfa, white clover, and red clover are selected, and the addition amount is 15-20 g of grass seeds per 1 m 2 of the mixture; for the vegetation blanket laid in the furrows, one or more of gramineous forages such as ryegrass, Chinese wildrye, and smooth bromegrass are selected, and the addition amount is 20-25 g of grass seeds per 1 m 2 of the mixture.

[0019] Furthermore, both the fixing layer and the bottom pocket layer are wire meshes woven from polyethylene materials. The mesh size of the wire mesh is 30×30 mm, and the thickness is 0.2-0.5 cm.

[0020] Furthermore, the isolation layer is a polypropylene fiber cloth woven from polypropylene fibers with a density of 0.91-0.93 g / cm 2 and a thickness of 1-1.5 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, the nutrient storage layer is made by mixing coconut coir fiber and organic fertilizer in a mass ratio of 3:1. The density of the coconut coir fiber is 0.6-0.8 g / cm 2 and the thickness of the nutrient storage layer is 0.2-0.4 cm.

[0022] Furthermore, the covering and loosening layer is composed of a coconut coir fiber board made of coconut coir fiber, with a density of 1-1.2 g / cm 2 and a thickness of 0.1-0.2 cm.

[0023] After evenly mixing the stable gel with grass seeds and organic fertilizer and then drying, the grass seeds are fixed in the dried stable gel, which can effectively prevent the displacement of grass seeds during the transportation of the vegetation blanket, enabling the grass seeds to be evenly distributed in the vegetation layer and ensuring uniform grass emergence in the later stage. At the same time, there is a lack of oxygen in the dried stable gel, and inhibiting respiration can prevent the germination of grass seeds and extend the storage time of the vegetation blanket. In the present invention, hyaluronic acid and methacrylic acid react and combine under the action of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate to form a composite gel. When the formed composite gel ionizes carboxyl groups under certain conditions, the negative charge density of the gel network is increased. The electrostatic repulsion between these negative charges will promote the expansion of the gel network, thereby absorbing more water and promoting the swelling of the gel. Moreover, succinimidyl ester modifies hyaluronic acid to form more cross-linked structures, enhancing the mechanical stability of the gel. In addition, the hyaluronic acid modified by succinimidyl ester is convenient to form a more stable network structure with N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, while improving the response sensitivity to pH and ionic strength, prompting the gel to swell under lower alkaline conditions, thereby avoiding the influence of excessive alkalinity on the germination of grass seeds. Potassium chloride electrolyte is also added to the stable gel. After spraying sodium bicarbonate solution, ion exchange promotes the ionization of the gel, enhancing the electrostatic repulsion, and further promoting the gel to swell and further promoting the germination of seeds. After the vegetation blanket is laid, then spray sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.5 - 8 on the surface of the vegetation blanket. The dried stable gel in the vegetation blanket swells in a weakly alkaline environment. The swollen hydrogel network is more porous, with an increased porosity, which can increase air permeability and maintain a relatively high humidity, providing a good environment for seed germination and thus promoting seed germination. And, the swollen stable gel can still well embed and fix the grass seeds in the gel, preventing the displacement of grass seeds and further ensuring the uniformity of grass emergence of the vegetation blanket.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] The vegetation blanket produced by the present invention has good effects of artificial grass growth and weeding control, can inhibit the growth of original weeds, and can also carry out directional grass growth, achieving the maximization of economic and ecological benefits. It is an ecological weeding mode that promotes the sustainable development of orchards and is suitable for popularization in domestic orchards. In addition, the vegetation blanket can be naturally degraded and converted into fertilizer, improving the soil properties while reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and almost requiring no manual management, which can effectively reduce labor costs and achieve the purpose of weed control. Description of the drawings

[0026] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the vegetation blanket structure;

[0027] Figure 2 : Cross-sectional view of the vegetation blanket.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Bottom layer, 2. Isolation layer, 3. Nutrient storage layer, 4. Vegetation layer, 5. Covering loose layer, 6. Fixing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Preparation of stable gel:

[0032] S1: 4 g of hyaluronic acid was added to 100 ml of water, and after stirring evenly, 0.1 mol / L of hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 5, and the mixture was stirred for 1 h, and then 2 g of succinimidyl ester was added, and the mixture was stirred for 20 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0033] S2: Add 4 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix well, then add 1 g of methacrylic acid, 0.1 g of N-N'methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8 g of potassium chloride, and react at 80° C. for 8 h to obtain a stable gel.

[0034] How to make a vegetation blanket:

[0035] First prepare the vegetation layer:

[0036] The stabilized gel prepared above, organic fertilizer (N:P:K=10:3:6), and coconut shreds were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture, and then grass seeds were sprinkled in. The vegetation blanket laid on the ridges was alfalfa, and the amount of grass seeds added was 100% per 1m 2 15g of the mixture is sprinkled; the ryegrass is selected as the vegetation blanket for laying in the ridges and furrows, and the amount of grass seeds added is 1m 2 20 g of the mixture was sprinkled in; after the grass seeds were mixed in, they were dried at 35°C for 12 hours to obtain a 1 cm thick vegetation layer.

[0037] according to Figure 1 To make the vegetation blanket: the bottom layer is a warp and weft mesh woven from polyethylene material, which is laid flat, and then a polypropylene fiber woven with a density of 0.91g / cm is laid on the bottom layer. 2 , a 1cm thick polypropylene fiber cloth is used as the insulation layer, and coconut shell fiber (density 0.6g / cm 2 ) and organic fertilizer in a mass ratio of 3:1, and then pressed into a nutrient storage layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm. The prepared vegetation layer was then spread on the nutrient storage layer, and then 1g / cm 2, a loose covering layer with a thickness of 0.1 cm is laid flat on the vegetation layer, and then a warp-knitted net made of polyethylene material with a mesh size of 30×30 mm and a thickness of 0.1 cm is laid as the fixing layer on the top; finally, the laid multi-layer structure is interspersed and fixed by a needle punching machine to obtain a vegetation blanket.

[0038] Usage method of the vegetation blanket:

[0039] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects, and gravel on the slopes of the ridges and furrows, and lay the vegetation blanket according to different grass seed requirements on the ridges and in the furrows;

[0040] (2) When laying the vegetation blanket, it should be in full contact with the soil and rock slopes. After each piece of vegetation blanket is laid, it is fixed alternately with U-shaped iron nails at a spacing of 1 m, adjacent pieces of vegetation blanket are overlapped, and the periphery of the vegetation blanket is fixed by digging trenches;

[0041] (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, evenly cover the surface with 2 cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering the soil, level and roll it to make it fully combined with the soil. Then, immediately spray a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.5 on the surface of the vegetation blanket once, and the spraying amount is 2 L / m 2 .

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Preparation of the stable gel:

[0044] S1: Add 4.5 g of hyaluronic acid to 112 ml of water, stir evenly, add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.2, stir and react for 1.5 h, then add 2.5 g of succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 22 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0045] S2: Add 4.5 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 138 ml of water and mix evenly, then add 1.25 g of methacrylic acid, 0.12 g of N-N'methylene bisacrylamide, 0.11 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.9 g of potassium chloride, and react at 85 °C for 9 h to obtain the stable gel.

[0046] Manufacturing method of the vegetation blanket:

[0047] First, prepare the vegetation layer:

[0048] Mix the above-prepared stable gel, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut fiber evenly according to a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture, and then sprinkle grass seeds. For the vegetation blanket laid on the ridge, alfalfa is selected, and the addition amount of its grass seeds is 18 g per 1 m 2 The mixture is sprinkled; for the vegetation blanket laid in the furrow, ryegrass is selected, and the addition amount of its grass seeds is 18 g per 1 m 223 g of the mixture is sprinkled in; after mixing with grass seeds, it is dried at 38 °C for 13 h to obtain a vegetation layer with a thickness of 1.2 cm.

[0049] According to Figure 1 the production of the vegetation blanket is carried out as follows: the bottom layer of the pocket is a warp-knitted net woven from polyethylene material. It is laid flat, and then a polypropylene fiber cloth with a density of 0.92 g / cm 2 and a thickness of 1.2 cm is laid on the bottom layer of the pocket as an isolation layer. On the isolation layer, a nutrient storage layer with a thickness of 0.3 cm is laid, which is made by mixing coconut shell fibers (with a density of 0.7 g / cm 2 ) and organic fertilizer in a mass ratio of 3:1 and then pressing. Then, the prepared vegetation layer is laid flat on the nutrient storage layer. Subsequently, a covering and loosening layer made of coconut shell fibers with a density of 1.1 g / cm 2 and a thickness of 0.15 cm is laid flat on the vegetation layer. Then, a warp-knitted net with a mesh size of 30×30 mm and a thickness of 0.15 cm, which is woven from polyethylene material, is laid as a fixing layer on the topmost layer; finally, the laid multi-layer structure is interspersed and fixed by a needle punching machine to obtain the vegetation blanket.

[0050] Usage method of the vegetation blanket:

[0051] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects, and gravel on the slope of the ridge and furrow, and lay the vegetation blanket according to the requirements of different grass seeds on the ridge and in the furrow;

[0052] (2) When laying the vegetation blanket, it should be in full contact with the soil quality and the soil and rock slope. After each piece of vegetation blanket is laid, it is fixed staggeredly with U-shaped iron nails at an interval of 1.2 m. Adjacent pieces of vegetation blanket are overlapped, and the periphery of the vegetation blanket is fixed by digging a trench;

[0053] (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, uniformly cover 2.5 cm of soil on its surface manually or mechanically. After covering the soil, level and roll it to make it fully combined with the soil. Then, spray a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.8 on the surface of the vegetation blanket once, and the spraying amount is 2.5 L / m 2 .

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] Preparation of the stable gel:

[0056] S1: Add 5 g of hyaluronic acid to 125 ml of water. After stirring evenly, add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5, stir and react for 2 h, then add 3 g of succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 24 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0057] S2: After adding 5 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 150 ml of water and mixing evenly, add 1.5 g of methacrylic acid, 0.15 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.12 g of ammonium persulfate, and 1 g of potassium chloride, and react at 90 °C for 10 h to obtain a stable gel.

[0058] Production method of vegetation blanket:

[0059] First, prepare the vegetation layer:

[0060] Mix the above-prepared stable gel, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut fiber evenly according to a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture, then sprinkle grass seeds. For the vegetation blanket laid on the ridge, choose alfalfa, and the addition amount of grass seeds is 205 g per 1 m 2 of the mixture; for the vegetation blanket laid in the furrow, choose ryegrass, and the addition amount of grass seeds is 25 g per 1 m 2 of the mixture; after the grass seeds are mixed, dry at 40 °C for 15 h to obtain a vegetation layer with a thickness of 1.5 cm.

[0061] According to Figure 1 Produce the vegetation blanket: The bottom layer of the pocket is a warp and weft net woven from polyethylene material. Lay it flat, and then lay a polypropylene fiber cloth with a density of 0.93 g / cm 2 and a thickness of 1.5 cm as the isolation layer on the bottom layer of the pocket. On the isolation layer, lay a nutrient storage layer made by mixing coconut shell fiber (density 0.8 g / cm 2 ) and organic fertilizer according to a mass ratio of 3:1 and then pressing it into a thickness of 0.4 cm. Then lay the prepared vegetation layer flat on the nutrient storage layer. Subsequently, lay a covering and loosening layer made of coconut shell fiber with a density of 1.2 g / cm 2 and a thickness of 0.2 cm flat on the vegetation layer. Then continue to lay a warp and weft net with a mesh size of 30×30 mm and a thickness of 0.2 cm woven from polyethylene material as the fixing layer on the top; finally, use a needle punching machine to interlace and fix the laid multi-layer structure to obtain the vegetation blanket.

[0062] Usage method of the vegetation blanket:

[0063] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects, and gravel on the slopes of the furrows, and lay the vegetation blanket according to the requirements of different grass seeds on the ridges and in the furrows;

[0064] (2) When laying the vegetation blanket, it should be in full contact with the soil and rock and soil slopes. After each vegetation blanket is laid, fix it staggered at a spacing of 1.5 m with U-shaped iron nails. Adjacent vegetation blankets are overlapped, and the periphery of the vegetation blanket is fixed by digging trenches;

[0065] (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, 3 cm of soil is evenly covered on its surface manually or mechanically. After covering the soil, it is leveled and rolled to make it fully combine with the soil. Then, a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 8 is sprayed on the surface of the vegetation blanket once, and the spraying amount is 3 L / m 2 .

[0066] Comparative Example 1:

[0067] This comparative example is compared with Example 1. The difference is only that the subsequent management operations of the vegetation blanket are different. Specifically, after the vegetation blanket is laid, it is sprayed with a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 8.5. The specific method is as follows:

[0068] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects, and gravel on the slope of the ridge and furrow, and lay the vegetation blanket according to different grass species requirements on the ridge and in the furrow;

[0069] (2) When laying the vegetation blanket, it should be in full contact with the soil quality and the soil and rock slope. After each piece of vegetation blanket is laid, it is fixed alternately with U-shaped iron nails at a spacing of 1 m. Adjacent pieces of vegetation blanket are overlapped, and the periphery of the vegetation blanket is fixed by digging a trench;

[0070] (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, 2 cm of soil is evenly covered on its surface manually or mechanically. After covering the soil, it is leveled and rolled to make it fully combine with the soil. Then, immediately after laying, a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 8.5 is sprayed on the surface of the vegetation blanket once, and the spraying amount is 2 L / m 2 .

[0071] Other steps for manufacturing the vegetation blanket are the same as those in Example 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 2:

[0073] This comparative example is compared with Example 1. The difference is only that the preparation of the stable gel is different. Specifically, the mass ratio of hyaluronic acid to succinimide ester is 4:1. The specific method is as follows:

[0074] S1: Add 4 g of hyaluronic acid to 100 ml of water. After stirring evenly, add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1 h, then add 1 g of succinimide ester, and stir and react for 20 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0075] S2: Add 4 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix evenly, then add 1 g of methacrylic acid, 0.1 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8 g of potassium chloride, and react at 80 °C for 8 h to obtain the stable gel.

[0076] Other steps for manufacturing the vegetation blanket are the same as those in Example 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 3:

[0078] This comparative example is contrasted with Example 1, and the only difference lies in the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, the mass ratio of modified hyaluronic acid to methacrylic acid is different. Specifically, the mass ratio of modified hyaluronic acid to methacrylic acid is 6:1. The specific method is as follows:

[0079] S1: Add 4 g of hyaluronic acid to 100 ml of water. After stirring evenly, add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1 h, then add 2 g of succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 20 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0080] S2: Add 4 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix evenly. Then add 0.67 g of methacrylic acid, 0.1 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8 g of potassium chloride, and react at 80 °C for 8 h to obtain the stable gel.

[0081] Comparative Example 4:

[0082] This comparative example is contrasted with Example 1, and the only difference lies in the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, succinimidyl ester is not added during the preparation of the stable gel. The specific method is as follows:

[0083] S1: Add 4 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix evenly. Then add 1 g of methacrylic acid, 0.1 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8 g of potassium chloride, and react at 80 °C for 8 h to obtain the stable gel.

[0084] Other steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as those in Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 5:

[0086] This comparative example is contrasted with Example 1, and the only difference lies in the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, methacrylic acid is not added during the preparation of the stable gel. The specific method is as follows:

[0087] S1: Add 4 g of hyaluronic acid to 100 ml of water. After stirring evenly, add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1 h, then add 2 g of succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 20 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0088] S2: Add 4 g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix evenly. Then add 0.1 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.8 g of potassium chloride, and react at 80 °C for 8 h to obtain the stable gel.

[0089] Other steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as those in Example 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 6:

[0091] This comparative example is in contrast with Example 1, and the only difference lies in the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, potassium chloride is not added. The specific method is as follows:

[0092] S1: Add 4 g of hyaluronic acid to 100 ml of water. After stirring evenly, adjust the pH to 5 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, stir and react for 1 h, then add 2 g of succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 20 h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0093] S2: Add 4 g of the modified hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix evenly. Then add 1 g of methacrylic acid, 0.1 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and react at 80 °C for 8 h to obtain the stable gel.

[0094] Comparative Example 7:

[0095] This comparative example is in contrast with Example 1, and the only difference lies in the preparation of the vegetation layer. Specifically, the stable gel is not added. The specific method is as follows:

[0096] Mix the organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6) and coconut coir in a mass ratio of 5:10 to obtain a mixture. Then sprinkle in the grass seeds. For the vegetation blanket laid on the ridge, choose alfalfa, and the addition amount of its grass seeds is 15 g per 1 m 2 of the mixture; for the vegetation blanket laid in the furrow, choose ryegrass, and the addition amount of its grass seeds is 20 g per 1 m 2 of the mixture; after the grass seeds are mixed in, dry at 35 °C for 12 h to obtain a 1-cm-thick vegetation layer.

[0097] Comparative Example 8:

[0098] This comparative example is in contrast with Example 1, and the only difference lies in the vegetation layer. Specifically, only use hyaluronic acid and grass seeds to prepare the vegetation layer. The specific method is as follows:

[0099] Add 4 g of hyaluronic acid to 120 ml of water and mix evenly to obtain the stable gel.

[0100] Mix the above-prepared stable gel, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut coir in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture. Then sprinkle in the grass seeds. For the vegetation blanket laid on the ridge, choose alfalfa, and the addition amount of its grass seeds is 15 g per 1 m 2 of the mixture; for the vegetation blanket laid in the furrow, choose ryegrass, and the addition amount of its grass seeds is 20 g per 1 m 2 of the mixture; after the grass seeds are mixed in, dry at 35 °C for 12 h to obtain a 1-cm-thick vegetation layer.

[0101] Comparative Example 9:

[0102] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, and the difference is only that carboxymethyl cellulose is used instead of hyaluronic acid to prepare a stable gel. The specific method is as follows:

[0103] S1: Add 4 g of carboxymethyl cellulose to 100 ml of water. After stirring evenly, adjust the pH to 5 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, stir and react for 1 h, then add 2 g of succinimidyl ester, and stir and react for 20 h to obtain modified carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0104] S2: Add 4 g of modified carboxymethyl cellulose to 120 ml of water and mix evenly. Then add 1 g of methacrylic acid, 0.1 g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8 g of potassium chloride, and react at 80 °C for 8 h to obtain a stable gel.

[0105] Comparative Example 10:

[0106] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, and the difference is only that after the vegetation blanket is laid, instead of spraying sodium bicarbonate solution, it is directly watered with clean water. The specific method is as follows:

[0107] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects, and gravel on the slopes of the ridge trenches, and lay the vegetation blanket according to the requirements of different grass seeds on the ridge and in the trench;

[0108] (2) When laying the vegetation blanket, it should be in full contact with the soil and the soil-rock slope. After each piece of vegetation blanket is laid, fix it staggeredly at a spacing of 1 m with U-shaped iron nails. Adjacent pieces of vegetation blanket are overlapped, and the periphery of the vegetation blanket is fixed by digging trenches;

[0109] (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, evenly cover the surface with 2 cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering the soil, level and roll it to make it fully combined with the soil. Then immediately spray clean water on the surface of the vegetation blanket after laying. The spraying amount is 2 L / m 2 .

[0110] The steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as those in Example 1.

[0111] Experiment:

[0112] An experiment was carried out on the ridges of an orange orchard. The fruit trees were 5 years old. The orchard was mainly composed of gramineous weeds and broad-leaved weeds, mainly including Setaria viridis, Conyza canadensis, and Alternanthera philoxeroides. Set up 12 experimental areas with an area of 1 m 2 under the fruit trees. Each experimental area was divided into 20 small grids with equal areas, and each small grid had an area of 0.05 m 2 . Each experiment was repeated three times, that is, three fruit trees were selected for each group for the experiment. The grass seed quality of each group of vegetation blankets was 15 g / m 2 , and the grass seed selected was alfalfa.

[0113] Before the experiment, weeds, foreign objects, and gravel in the orchard were removed. In experimental group 1, the vegetation blanket prepared in Example 1 was laid. In control groups 1 and 10, the vegetation blanket prepared in Example 1 was used, and in control groups 2 - 9, the vegetation blankets prepared in Comparative Examples 2 - 9 were laid respectively on the ridges. When laying, it should be in full contact with the soil quality and the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation blanket was laid, it was fixed staggeredly with U - shaped iron nails at an interval of 1 mm. After laying, 2 cm of soil was evenly covered on its surface, and after covering the soil, it was leveled and rolled to make it fully combined with the soil.

[0114] After the laying in experimental group 1 and control groups 2 - 9 was completed, watering was immediately carried out with a sodium bicarbonate solution with pH = 7.5; after the laying in control group 1 was completed, watering was immediately carried out with a sodium bicarbonate solution with pH = 8.5; in control group 10, watering was carried out with clean water, and the dosage was 2 L / m 2 . For the blank control, no vegetation blanket was laid.

[0115] In each small grid, the time when alfalfa emerged from the vegetation blanket was counted. After 50 days, the coverage area of alfalfa after growth was recorded. When the proportion was greater than 80% of the area of this small grid, it was considered that this small grid was covered. The number of covered grids of the vegetation blanket in each experimental area was recorded, and the coverage rate was calculated as follows:

[0116] Coverage rate (%) = Number of covered grids / Total number of grids × 100%

[0117] After the alfalfa was harvested at 70 days, the height of the weeds (the highest) under the coverage of the vegetation blanket in each experimental area was counted, and at the same time, the height of the weeds (the highest) in the blank control was recorded.

[0118] Table 1

[0119] Time (days) for grass to grow on the soil layer Height (cm) Coverage (%) Experimental Group 1 12 32.2 98.33 Control Group 1 21 22.7 93.33 Control Group 2 17 24.8 96.67 Control Group 3 17 24.8 96.67 Control Group 4 19 21.8 95 Control Group 5 20 23.2 95 Control Group 6 18 23.1 95 Control Group 7 11 32.6 83.33 Control Group 8 20 22.3 95 Control Group 9 18 24 96.67 Control Group 10 24 22.4 83.33

[0120] Table 2

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] It can be obtained from the analysis of Table 1 that:

[0124] 1. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 1 used a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 8.5 for spraying after the vegetation blanket was laid. The pH value of the sodium bicarbonate solution was too high, which inhibited the germination of seeds. Therefore, the grass seeds in control group 1 were unevenly grown and had a low coverage. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 10 maintained a solid state after drying, lacking oxygen inside. After the vegetation blanket was laid, the sodium bicarbonate solution was not sprayed but clean water was directly sprayed, resulting in a slow swelling of the gel, the grass seeds could not germinate quickly, the grass seeds took a long time to germinate, and the grass seeds grew slowly, resulting in a low coverage of the vegetation blanket after 50 days.

[0125] 2. The difference between control groups 2-6 and experimental group 1 lies in the different preparation of stable gel. Compared with experimental group 1, the mass ratio of hyaluronic acid to succinimidyl ester in the preparation of stable gel in control group 2 is 4:1. The amount of succinimidyl ester added in the control group is less, and the stable gel needs a longer time to swell. During this period, the seeds fail to get enough oxygen supply, resulting in a longer germination time. Therefore, the grass grows for a longer time on the soil layer, and the alfalfa plant height is lower; while control group 4 does not add succinimidyl ester, so the time required for seed germination is longer than that of control group 2, so the grass grows for a longer time on the soil layer of control group 4, and the alfalfa plant height is lower. Compared with experimental group 1, the mass ratio of modified hyaluronic acid to methacrylic acid in the preparation of stable gel in control group 3 is 6:1. The stable gel needs a longer time to swell, which affects the reaction of seeds. Therefore, the grass grows for a longer time on the soil layer, and the alfalfa plant height is lower. In the process of preparing stable gel, methacrylic acid is not added in control group 5; therefore, the swelling rate of its stable gel is lower, the grass seed germination time is longer, and the alfalfa plant height is lower. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 6 did not add potassium chloride during the preparation of the stable gel, the grass grew on the soil for a longer time, and the alfalfa plant height was lower. This is because potassium chloride can destroy the structure of the stable gel and cause the gel to swell.

[0126] 3. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 7 did not add stabilizing gel when preparing the vegetation layer, and the grass seeds shifted during the transportation of the vegetation blanket, resulting in uneven distribution of grass seeds in the vegetation layer, which in turn led to uneven grass production in control group 7, lower density of alfalfa in one grid, and lower coverage.

[0127] 4. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 8 only used hyaluronic acid and grass seeds to prepare the vegetation layer. The swelling property of the stable gel was lower and it took a longer time to swell. Therefore, the seeds needed a longer time to germinate. Therefore, the grass seeds took a longer time to grow on the soil layer and the alfalfa plant height was lower.

[0128] 5. Compared with experimental group 1, in control group 9, carboxymethyl cellulose was used instead of hyaluronic acid to prepare the stable gel. Since the swelling property of carboxymethyl cellulose itself is lower than that of hyaluronic acid, the stable gel prepared by it requires a longer time to swell, and the germination time of the seeds is longer. Therefore, the time for the grass seeds to grow grass on the soil layer is longer, and the plant height of alfalfa is lower.

[0129] 6. The weed height under the vegetation mats in the control group was relatively high. This is because the alfalfa germinated at the vegetation mat first competed for the living space, competing with the weeds for light and nutrients. Therefore, the better the alfalfa grows, the weaker the growth of the weeds. As shown in the blank control, the vegetation mat was not laid, and there was no alfalfa as the dominant plant competing with the weeds for the growth space in the blank control. Therefore, the weeds in the blank control grew vigorously and had a higher height.

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel, characterized in that The vegetation blanket comprises a fixed layer, a covering loose layer, a vegetation layer, a nutrient storage layer, an insulating layer, and a bottom layer from top to bottom. After being laid out in sequence, a piercing machine is used to interweave and fix them from top to bottom to obtain the vegetation blanket, wherein the fixed layer and the bottom layer are both warp and weft nets woven from polyethylene materials; the covering loose layer is made of coconut shell fibers; the vegetation layer is made of a mixture of stabilized gel, grass seeds, organic fertilizers, and coconut shreds; the nutrient storage layer is made of a mixture of coconut shell fibers and organic fertilizers; and the insulating layer is made of polypropylene fiber cloth.

2. The multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using the vegetation blanket is as follows: (1) Remove weeds, foreign matter and gravel from the slope of the ridges and ditches, and lay vegetation blankets according to the requirements of different grass species on the ridges and ditches; (2) The vegetation mat should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope when it is laid. After each piece of vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at a staggered interval of 1m-1.5m. Two adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped and fixed with trenches around them. (3) After the vegetation blanket is laid, manually or mechanically cover the surface evenly with 2-3 cm of soil. After covering the soil, level and roll it to make it fully combine with the soil. Then spray a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.5-8 on the surface of the vegetation blanket once, and the spraying amount is 2-3 L / m 2 .

3. The multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the vegetation layer comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the stabilized gel, the organic fertilizer and the coconut shreds in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture, then scattering grass seeds therein, and then drying the mixture at 35-40° C. for 12-15 hours to obtain a vegetation layer, wherein the thickness of the vegetation layer is 1-1.5 cm.

4. The multifunctional orchard weed control vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preparation method of the stable gel is as follows: S1: adding hyaluronic acid to water, stirring evenly, adding 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5-5.5, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, then adding succinimidyl ester, stirring and reacting for 20-24 hours to obtain modified hyaluronic acid; S2: Add the modified hyaluronic acid into water and mix well, then add methacrylic acid, N-N'methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate and potassium chloride, and react at 80-90° C. for 8-10 hours to obtain a stable gel.

5. The multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 4, wherein The mass ratio of the hyaluronic acid and succinimidyl ester is (4-5):(2-3); the mass ratio of the modified hyaluronic acid, methacrylic acid, N-N'methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate and potassium chloride is (4-5):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.15):(0.1-0.12):(0.8-1).

6. A multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The selection of the grass seeds for the vegetation layer is as follows: for the vegetation mats laid on the ridges, one or more leguminous forages such as alfalfa, white clover, and red clover are selected, and the addition amount is 15 - 20 g of grass seeds per 1 m 2 of the mixture; for the vegetation mats laid in the furrows, one or more gramineous forages such as ryegrass, Chinese wildrye, and smooth bromegrass are selected, and the addition amount is 20 - 25 g of grass seeds per 1 m 2 of the mixture.

7. The multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing layer and the bottom layer are both warp and weft meshes made of polyethylene material, the mesh size of the warp and weft meshes is 30×30 mm, and the thickness is 0.2-0.5 cm.

8. A multifunctional orchard weeding and vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The isolation layer is a polypropylene fiber cloth woven from polypropylene fibers with a density of 0.91 - 0.93 g / cm 2 , and the thickness is 1 - 1.5 cm.

9. A multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The nutrient storage layer is made by mixing coconut coir fiber and organic fertilizer in a mass ratio of 3:

1. The density of the coconut coir fiber is 0.6 - 0.8 g / cm 2 , and the thickness is 0.2 - 0.4 cm.

10. A multifunctional orchard weeding vegetation blanket based on a dynamic response gel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The covering loose layer is composed of a coconut fiber board made of coconut fibers, with a density of 1-1.2 g / cm 2 , and a thickness of 0.1-0.2 cm.

Images