Method for planting liquorice in desert sandy land

Abstract

The invention provides a desert sand land liquorice planting method, and belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting. The desert sand land licorice planting method comprises the following steps that wheat crops are sown from April to May, a regulating agent is sprayed when the plant height of the wheat crops is 14-18 cm so that the wheat crops can not grow any more, and licorice is sown between rows of the wheat crops. The wheat crops are planted in advance, growth of the wheat crops is inhibited at the proper plant height, a wind-shield wall can be formed, the field evaporation capacity can be reduced through proper shielding, the survival rate of the direct-seeding liquorice in the desert sand land is increased, and follow-up growth of the liquorice is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert sandy land. Background Art

[0002] Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is a perennial herb of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the Leguminosae family. Its dried roots and rhizomes are traditional Chinese medicinal materials, with the effects of invigorating the spleen and replenishing qi, clearing heat and detoxifying, and coordinating various herbs. It is one of the most frequently used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. Modern research shows that the main active ingredients in Glycyrrhiza uralensis include glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, flavonoid compounds, etc., which are widely used in the fields of pharmacy, food, cosmetics, etc. In addition, Glycyrrhiza uralensis has well-developed roots and has the ecological functions of wind prevention and sand fixation, and soil improvement. It is an excellent plant for ecological restoration in desertified areas.

[0003] In recent years, with the growth of market demand and the exhaustion of wild resources, the scale of artificial planting of Glycyrrhiza uralensis has been continuously expanding. However, strong winds (wind speed ≥ 5 m / s) frequently occur in spring in desert sandy land, and the surface soil is easily eroded by the wind, resulting in the displacement and exposure of Glycyrrhiza uralensis seeds, reducing the emergence rate. The sand grains carried by the sand flow are easy to bury the newly germinated seedlings, causing mechanical damage or suffocation death. In addition, the specific heat capacity of desert sandy land is low, and the surface temperature can reach 60 - 70 °C under clear weather in spring and summer. When the tender cotyledons are in direct contact with the sand surface, they are easily burned by high temperature, manifested as leaf scorching and growth stagnation. The diurnal temperature difference of the sand layer is severe (daily temperature difference > 25 °C), which exacerbates the physiological stress of the seedlings. Affected by the superposition of wind sand and high temperature, the direct seeding emergence rate of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert areas is usually less than 40%, and the stress resistance of the seedlings is weak, easily forming "missing seedlings and ridges". Wind sand burial and high temperature scalding have become the key bottlenecks restricting the large-scale planting of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert sandy land. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert sandy land, which can improve the survival rate of direct seeding Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert sandy land by pre-planting cereal crops to form a windbreak wall and appropriately shielding to reduce the evaporation amount of the field.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert sandy land, comprising the following steps: sowing cereal crops in April - May, spraying a regulator to inhibit the further growth of the cereal crops when the plant height of the cereal crops is 14 - 18 cm, and sowing Glycyrrhiza uralensis between the rows of the cereal crops.

[0007] Preferably, the cereal crops include one or two of wheat and oats.

[0008] More preferably, the cereal crop is wheat, the seeding rate is 8 - 12 kg / mu, and the row spacing is 20 - 30 cm.

[0009] Preferably, 20 - 30 m of water is sprayed per mu 2 - 3 days after sowing the wheat crops, and the water is sprayed 1 - 2 times a week. 3 / mu.

[0010] Preferably, the regulator is Gallant Super, and the spraying amount is 50 - 60 mL / mu.

[0011] Preferably, the seeding rate of the licorice is 2 - 3 kg / mu, and the row spacing is 10 - 15 cm.

[0012] More preferably, the licorice includes Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat., and Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

[0013] Preferably, 20 - 30 m of water is sprayed per mu after sowing the licorice, 3 / mu, and the water is sprayed 1 - 2 times a month.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes spraying 2,4 - D isooctyl ester during the growth period of the wheat crops, and the spraying amount is 10 - 20 mL / mu.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes spraying a special herbicide for licorice during the growth period of the licorice. It is sprayed from May to June, and the spraying amount is 100 - 120 mL / mu.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By pre - intercropping wheat crops to form a windbreak wall, the emergence rate of licorice in desert sandy land of the present invention can be increased from less than 40% in traditional direct seeding to 60% - 70%, and the seedling retention rate is increased by 3 - 5 times, ensuring the survival rate of licorice in desert sandy land. Moreover, the shielding effect of the wheat crops can reduce the surface temperature and reduce the risk of high - temperature burns to the seedlings. Through the dual - technology cooperation of "wheat intercropping + regulation to form a windbreak wall", the present invention overcomes the industry problems of wind erosion, high temperature, and low survival rate in the direct seeding of licorice in desert sandy land, providing an innovative solution for the ecological planting of Chinese medicinal materials and sand - land restoration in arid areas. Specific Embodiments

[0018] The present invention provides a method for planting licorice in desert sandy land, including the following steps: Sow wheat crops in April - May. When the plant height of the wheat crops reaches 14 - 18 cm, spray a regulator to inhibit the further growth of the wheat crops, and sow licorice between the rows of the wheat crops. Preferably, when the plant height of the wheat crops reaches 15 cm, spray a regulator to inhibit the further growth of the wheat crops. Wheat crops are early - sown spring crops. In spring (April - May) in desert sandy land, the temperature is low and not suitable for the sowing and germination of licorice, but it has little impact on the germination and emergence of wheat crops; by mid - May, the temperature is suitable for sowing licorice. At this time, the plant height of the wheat crops is about 15 cm, which can play a role in wind prevention and sand fixation, especially playing a crucial protective role for the seedlings of licorice.

[0019] In the present invention, the soil type of the desert sandy land is desert sandy soil, with little annual precipitation. Preferably, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation facilities are equipped to meet the water requirements of crops.

[0020] In the present invention, preferably, the wheat crops include one or both of wheat and oats. Further preferably, wheat and oats are popularized varieties in the planting area. The wheat crops - wheat and oats of the present invention have the characteristics of fast growth, upright plant type, and strong drought tolerance, can quickly form a dense barrier in the desert sandy land, their tillering characteristics can enhance the windbreak effect, and they have no genetic relationship with licorice, which can avoid cross-infection of pests and diseases.

[0021] In the present invention, when the preferred wheat crop is wheat, the seeding rate is 8 - 12 kg / mu, further preferably 10 kg / mu; the preferred row spacing is 20 - 30 cm, further preferably 25 cm, and more preferably the seeding density of wheat is 20,000 plants / mu. If the seeding density of wheat is too low, it cannot effectively play the role of wind blocking and shielding in the desert sandy land. If the seeding density is too high, it is not conducive to the seeding of licorice and affects the subsequent growth of licorice.

[0022] In the present invention, preferably, 20 - 30 m 3 of water is sprayed per mu 2 - 3 days after sowing the wheat crops, further preferably 25 m 3 of water per mu, and more preferably 1 - 2 times of water is sprayed per week. Water supply is carried out after sowing the wheat crops to ensure that the plant height of the wheat crops can reach 14 - 18 cm when sowing licorice.

[0023] In the present invention, the preferred regulator is Gallant Super, and the spraying amount is 50 - 60 mL / mu, further preferably 55 mL / mu. Gallant Super is an acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor herbicide containing haloxyfop-R-methyl. Excessive spraying of Gallant Super can inhibit the growth and ear formation of wheat crops. While playing the functions of wind blocking and shielding to ensure the emergence of licorice, it cannot compete with licorice for nutrients and water, and Gallant Super has no inhibitory activity on the ACCase of dicotyledonous plants (licorice), and has no negative impact on the subsequent growth of licorice.

[0024] In the present invention, the preferred seeding rate of licorice is 2 - 3 kg / mu, further preferably 2.5 kg / mu; the preferred row spacing is 10 - 15 cm, further preferably 12.5 cm; more preferably, licorice includes Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Narrow row spacing planting of licorice can increase the yield per unit area, but overcrowding should be avoided to prevent nutrient competition.

[0025] In the present invention, preferably, 20 - 30 m 3 of water is sprayed per mu after sowing licorice, further preferably 25 m 3 of water per mu; preferably, 1 - 2 times of water is sprayed per month until October.

[0026] In the present invention, it is preferably further included that a special herbicide is sprayed during the growth period of wheat crops. More preferably, the special herbicide is isooctyl 2,4 - D, and the spraying amount is 10 - 20 mL per mu, and more preferably 15 mL per mu; it is preferably that a special herbicide for licorice is sprayed during the growth period of licorice. More preferably, the special herbicide for licorice is sprayed in May - June, and the spraying amount is 100 - 120 mL per mu, and more preferably 110 mL per mu. As an implementable method, the herbicide is sprayed by a drone, and the dilution spraying water amount of the herbicide is 3.5 kg per mu.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A method for planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. in desert sandy land includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) In April, wheat is sown, and the sowing amount is 10 kg per mu, and the row spacing is 25 cm; 25 m of water is sprayed 2 days after wheat sowing 3 per mu, and water is sprayed 2 times a week; during the 4 - 6 leaf stage of wheat, 15 mL of isooctyl 2,4 - D per mu is sprayed for weeding, and the spraying water amount for drone spraying is 3.5 kg per mu.

[0031] (2) In May, when the plant height of wheat reaches 14 - 18 cm and there are 5 - 8 tillering leaves, 55 mL of clethodim regulator per mu is sprayed to promote the wheat to stop growing and earring.

[0032] (3) Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is sown between the wheat rows, and the sowing amount is 2.5 kg per mu, and the row spacing is 12.5 cm; 25 m of water is sprayed after sowing 3 per mu, and water is sprayed 2 times a month until October; during May - June, a special herbicide for licorice is sprayed for weeding, and the spraying amount is 110 mL per mu, and the spraying water amount for drone spraying is 3.5 kg per mu.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A method for planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. in desert sandy land includes the following steps:

[0035] (1) In May, wheat and oats are sown, and the sowing amount is 12 kg per mu (wheat: oats = 1:1), and the row spacing is 30 cm; 30 m of water is sprayed 3 days after sowing wheat and oats 3 per mu, and water is sprayed 1 time a week; during the 4 - 6 leaf stage, 20 mL of isooctyl 2,4 - D per mu is sprayed for weeding, and the spraying water amount for drone spraying is 3.5 kg per mu.

[0036] (2) In June, when the plant heights of wheat and oats reach 14 - 18 cm and they have 5 - 8 tillers with leaves, spray 60 mL / mu of Select Max regulator to prevent wheat and oats from growing further and forming ears.

[0037] (3) Sow Glycyrrhiza glabra in the rows between wheat and oats at a seeding rate of 3 kg / mu with a row spacing of 15 cm; after sowing, spray 30 m 3 / mu of water, and spray water once a month until October; during June, spray a special herbicide for Glycyrrhiza glabra at a rate of 120 mL / mu, and the water spraying volume for drone spraying is 3.5 kg / mu.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] A method for planting Glycyrrhiza in desert sandy land, comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) In April, sow oats at a seeding rate of 8 kg / mu with a row spacing of 20 cm; spray 20 m 3 / mu of water 2 days after sowing oats, and spray water twice a week; during the 4 - 6 leaf stage of oats, spray 10 mL / mu of 2,4 - D isooctyl ester to control weeds, and the water spraying volume for drone spraying is 3.5 kg / mu.

[0041] (2) In May, when the plant height of oats reaches 14 - 18 cm and it has 5 - 8 tillers with leaves, spray 50 mL / mu of Select Max regulator to prevent oats from growing further and forming ears.

[0042] (3) Sow Glycyrrhiza inflata in the rows between oats at a seeding rate of 2 kg / mu with a row spacing of 10 cm; spray 20 m 3 / mu of water, and spray water twice a month until October; during May - June, spray a special herbicide for Glycyrrhiza at a rate of 100 mL / mu, and the water spraying volume for drone spraying is 3.5 kg / mu.

[0043] Test Example 1

[0044] Effects of wheat intercropping and planting density on the survival rate and plant height of Glycyrrhiza

[0045] This test was carried out in Huhe Mudu Town, Hangjin Banner, around the Yellow River Basin of Kubuqi Desert. The irrigation methods are mainly sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation with Yellow River water. The main economic crops planted are sunflowers and corn, and the soil type is mainly desert sandy soil. The dominant plants are desert plants. Before reclamation, it was a wild growth area of desert plants such as wild Glycyrrhiza, Artemisia desertorum, Tamarix ramosissima, and Haloxylon ammodendron. The wild Glycyrrhiza variety is relatively single, with only Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. distributed. The wind and sand are relatively large in spring in this test area, so pre - planted wheat is used to form a windbreak, and the appropriate shading of wheat can reduce the evaporation in the field and improve the survival rate of direct - sown Glycyrrhiza.

[0046] 1. Test design

[0047] (1) Test varieties:

[0048] The wheat is a promoted variety in the Hetao area;

[0049] (2) Experimental plot design:

[0050] The experimental plot is a 500 - mu sprinkler - irrigated large field. As shown in Table 1, a blank control group is randomly left without pre - sowing wheat.

[0051] Table 1 Experimental plot design for different licorice varieties

[0052]

[0053] (3) Planting pattern:

[0054] All experimental groups adopt wheat intercropping. The row spacing of wheat is 25 cm; the row spacing of licorice is 12.5 cm. Among them:

[0055] Table 2 Planting pattern of the experimental group in Experiment 1

[0056] Serial number Type of licorice Intercropping Wheat seeding rate (kg / mu) Area (mu) 1 Glabrousfruit licorice Wheat 6 500 2 Glabrousfruit licorice Wheat 8 500 3 Glabrousfruit licorice Wheat 10 500 4 Glabrousfruit licorice Wheat 12 500

[0057] Table 3 Planting pattern of the experimental group in Experiment 2

[0058] Serial number Type of licorice Intercropping Wheat seeding rate (kg / mu) Area (mu) 1 Ural licorice Wheat 8-10 10000 2 Glabrousfruit licorice Wheat 8-10 800 3 Glabrousfruit licorice Wheat 8-10 1500

[0059] 2. Field operations

[0060] (1) Basic field conditions: The experimental plots are relatively concentrated, and the power distribution system, sprinkler irrigation system, and fertilization system are relatively standardized.

[0061] (2) Field management: There is a fertilization pool in the center of the sprinkler irrigation. Fertilization is carried out by sprinkler irrigation.

[0062] (3) Fertilizer application time: Drip irrigation is applied from June to August; spraying is applied from June to July.

[0063] 3. Data collection

[0064] During April - June of the same year, points are randomly selected in the experimental large field. For each 500 - mu sprinkler - irrigation circle, there are no less than 3 points, and the excavation amount at each point is no less than 5 kg. From April to May, the actual survival rate of wheat is mainly collected, and from June, the survival rate of licorice is mainly collected.

[0065] 4. Experimental results:

[0066] The results of Experiment 1 are shown in Table 4. As can be seen from Table 4, with the increase of wheat seeding rate, the survival rate gradually increases and the plant height decreases, indicating that the increase in wheat density leads to enhanced competition among plants and a decrease in plant height, but it does not affect the emergence and growth of licorice. This shows that the higher the wheat density (8 - 12 kg / mu), the better the wind prevention and sand fixation effect, and the survival rate of licorice increases significantly; moreover, a plant height of about 15 cm can effectively reduce wind erosion and surface evaporation, providing a suitable microenvironment for licorice seedlings. According to the results of the control group, it can also be seen that directly sowing licorice in desert sandy land is almost infeasible and must rely on the wind-blocking effect of wheat. By intercropping wheat + controlling the height with regulators, the survival rate of licorice can be significantly improved, providing a feasible solution for large-scale cultivation of licorice in desert sandy land.

[0067] Table 4 Survival and growth of wheat and licorice under different densities of wheat intercropping

[0068]

[0069] The results of Experiment 2 are shown in Table 5. As can be seen from Table 5, wheat intercropping is applicable to different varieties of licorice and can ensure the normal emergence and survival of licorice in desert sandy land. The survival rate and plant height of Glycyrrhiza inflata are significantly better than those of other varieties, and it is recommended to give priority to promotion.

[0070] Table 5 Growth of different types of licorice under wheat intercropping

[0071] Test serial number Type of licorice Survival rate (%) Plant height (cm) 1 Ural licorice 60 5-10 2 Glabrousfruit licorice 70 10-15 3 Glabrousfruit licorice 60 5-10

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis in desert sandy land, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Sow wheat crops from April to May. When the plant height of the wheat crops reaches 14 - 18 cm, spray a regulator to inhibit the further growth of the wheat crops, and sow licorice between the rows of the wheat crops.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wheat crops include one or both of wheat and oats.

3. The planting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the wheat crop is wheat, the seeding rate is 8 - 12 kg / mu, and the row spacing is 20 - 30 cm.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Spray 20 - 30 m of water on the wheat crops 2 - 3 days after sowing. 3 Spray water 1 - 2 times a week.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that The regulator is Gallant Super, and the spraying amount is 50 - 60 mL / mu.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein The seeding rate of the licorice is 2 - 3 kg / mu, and the row spacing is 10 - 15 cm.

7. The planting method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that The licorice includes Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

8. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that Spray water 20 - 30m 3 per mu after sowing licorice, and spray water 1 - 2 times a month.

9. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes spraying 2,4-D isooctyl ester during the growth period of the wheat crops, and the spraying amount is 10 - 20 mL / mu.

10. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes spraying a special herbicide for licorice during the growth period of the licorice. Spray it from May to June, and the spraying amount is 100 - 120 mL / mu.

Images