Indoor breeding equipment for largemouth bass and its application

Abstract

This invention discloses an indoor breeding device for largemouth bass and its application. The device includes a parent selection unit and a spawning unit. The parent selection unit includes a parent rearing pond and a parent collection net cage, with the parent collection net cage located in the parent rearing pond near the inlet. The spawning unit includes a spawning pond and fish nests within the pond, wherein the fish nests are separated to form relatively independent breeding spaces within the pond, and a water flow system is installed above the fish nests. The advantages are: (1) This invention can effectively improve the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass, from difficulty in spawning to a breeding rate of over 40%; (2) The application method utilizes the largemouth bass's head-up phenomenon to observe the gonadal development of the parent fish and uses this to screen for parent fish with mature gonads, greatly improving efficiency and without harming the fish fry; (3) When the parent fish spawn, the device adaptively adjusts the water flow in the pond according to the first collection of fertilized eggs to ensure the breeding rate of the parent fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to largemouth bass breeding technology, specifically to improving the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass, and specifically to an indoor breeding device for largemouth bass and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Largemouth bass were introduced in the 1980s. Although artificial breeding techniques have been used for a long time, the breeding efficiency remains low, and the increasing scale of aquaculture has led to a growing demand for seedlings. Largemouth bass are characterized by multiple spawning batches, with asynchronous egg development in the ovaries. Ovarian development has unique environmental requirements, making it difficult to ensure that each parent species develops synchronously and well during the rearing process. With the development of facility-based aquaculture, factory-style breeding and aquaculture have become a new direction. Factory-style indoor breeding can control factors such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, transparency, and harmful organisms, providing favorable external conditions for breeding parent species. However, in practice, due to living and reproductive habits, the indoor breeding rate of largemouth bass is much lower than that of traditional breeding ponds. This results in the construction of breeding facilities being left idle, and spawning ponds being moved back to outdoor ponds, making it impossible to carry out some production and experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and improve the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass broodstock, the present invention provides an indoor breeding device for largemouth bass and its application.

[0004] Technical solution: Indoor breeding device for largemouth bass, the device includes a parent selection unit and a spawning unit; the parent selection unit includes a parent rearing pond and a parent collection net cage, the parent collection net cage being located in the parent rearing pond near the water inlet; the spawning unit includes a spawning pond and fish nests within the pond, wherein the fish nests are separated by fish nest dividers to form relatively independent breeding spaces within the pond, and a water flow system is installed above the fish nests.

[0005] Preferably, the parent collection cage is an open square structure, including a floating frame at the opening and a cage below the floating frame; wherein, a flushing trough is provided at the lower edge of the floating frame on one side of the cage, the trough penetrates the cage, and a water pump and a flushing pipe are provided on the opposite side of the flushing trough, with space left between the flushing pipe and the flushing trough.

[0006] Preferably, the flushing trough is U-shaped or V-shaped.

[0007] Preferably, one-quarter to one-third of the area on one side of the spawning pool is designated as a blank area, serving as a backup flow generation area.

[0008] Preferably, the fish nest divider includes a main dividing plate and side dividing plates. The main dividing plate divides the spawning pool into at least one row, and there is a space between the two ends of the main dividing plate and the inner wall of the spawning pool. The side dividing plates are evenly and vertically arranged on the main dividing plate to form relatively independent rectangular spaces in which the fish nests are located, and the height of the side dividing plates is lower than that of the main dividing plate.

[0009] Preferably, the water system includes a main pipe located outside the spawning pond, with main and branch pipes connected to the main pipe, the main and branch pipes being located above the main and branch plate; nest tubes are evenly arranged on the main and branch pipes, the nest tubes being located above the fish nests; and a main and branch pipe valve is provided between the main and branch pipes and the main pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the fish nest includes a base and a nest; the base is a pedestal-shaped structure with openings at the top and bottom, and is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, with water-permeable holes evenly distributed on the lower side of the base; the nest includes a hemispherical frame and an upper opening, the nest is placed inside the base, and the upper opening fits over the opening at the top of the base; water-permeable nest pieces are laid or sewn on the frame to collect fertilized eggs of largemouth bass.

[0011] Application of any of the above-described devices in improving the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass.

[0012] Preferably, the application includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Stock largemouth bass broodstock into the broodstock rearing pond. The water level in the pond should be level with the upper edge of the flushing trough. The distance between the opening of the flushing pipe and the flushing trough should be 40-50cm to ensure that when the water pump is turned on, the water in the flushing trough will be flushed out of the net cage, forming a water flow. One week before the broodstock are collected, add fresh water to the pond for 1-2 hours every day and observe the broodstock's tendency to push against the water. During the broodstock rearing process, feed them frozen fish or commercial feed. After the broodstock's tendency to push against the water occurs, stop adding water to the pond and start feeding them fresh feed once a day for 3 consecutive days. Then turn on the water pump to flush the water and collect the broodstock that have swum into the net cage.

[0014] Among them, the parental lines with mature gonads are sensitive to water flow and enter the net cage by pushing the water against their heads. The water pump is turned on at dawn and turned off at daybreak.

[0015] S2. Place the parent fish collected in S1 into the spawning pond at a ratio of 1-1.5 times the number of nests. Add water to the spawning pond until the water level is 10cm above the top edge of the main distribution plate. Connect the main pipe to the water source, and submerge the opening of the nest tubes below the water surface. After the parent fish have stably dispersed, add water to the spawning pond in the evening until the water level is 30cm above the top edge of the main distribution plate. At night, turn on the water flow system and adjust the valves of the main and branch pipes so that the water flowing from the nest tubes reaches the bottom of the nests as a small flow. Combined with the obstruction effect of the nest plates and the permeability of the water holes, this allows the male fish's sperm to spread downwards fully and fertilize the eggs on the nest plates, preventing sperm from escaping upwards and affecting the fertilization rate. The next morning, collect the nests containing fertilized eggs, incubate them, and replace them with new nests on the base. Continue to collect fertilized eggs. In the afternoon, turn off the water flow system and turn it back on at night. Repeat the operation until the parent fish reproduction rate reaches more than 40%.

[0016] During incubation, the nests are placed upside down in the incubation pool and stacked in single or multiple layers in an alternating manner.

[0017] When collecting fertilized eggs for the first time in S3 and S2, if the reproduction rate is less than 15%, a flow is created in the empty area of ​​the spawning pool to form a micro-flow and gurgling sound in the spawning pool; the flow creation is carried out in the first half of the night.

[0018] Preferably, the fresh feed is prepared by the following method: fresh testes or ovaries of fresh four major freshwater fish or carp are pulped, the pulp is mixed with commercial feed at a mass ratio of 1:10, and air-dried until it is no longer sticky, with an air-drying time of less than 30 minutes.

[0019] Beneficial effects: (1) The indoor breeding device and application method of the largemouth bass described in this invention can effectively improve the breeding efficiency of largemouth bass indoors, from difficulty in spawning to a breeding rate of more than 40%; (2) The application method uses the phenomenon of largemouth bass surfacing to observe the gonadal development of the parent fish, and uses this to screen the parent fish with mature gonads, which greatly improves efficiency and will not harm the fish; (3) When the parent fish spawn, the device adapts to the water flow in the pond according to the first collection of fertilized eggs to ensure the breeding rate of the parent fish. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the parent selection unit structure of the device described in this invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the parent stock collection cage structure;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the oviposition unit structure;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fish nest's structure.

[0024] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the water flow system;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of relatively independent spaces within the spawning pond;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a fish nest structure;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the nest structure;

[0028] Among them, 1 is the parent stock rearing pond, 2 is the parent stock collection cage, 3 is the water pump, 4 is the float, 5 is the flushing pipe, 6 is the cage, 7 is the flushing trough, 8 is the spawning pond, 9 is the fish nest divider, 10 is the fish nest, 11 is the water flow system, 12 is the main dividing plate, 13 is the side dividing plate, 14 is the main pipe, 15 is the main branch pipe, 16 is the nest tube, 17 is the main branch pipe valve, 18 is the base, 19 is the nest, 20 is the water permeable hole, 21 is the frame, and 22 is the top opening. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following embodiments further illustrate the content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Modifications and substitutions made to the methods, steps, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the invention are all within the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] An indoor breeding device for largemouth bass, the device includes a parent selection unit and a spawning unit; the parent selection unit includes a parent rearing pond 1 and a parent collection net cage 2, the parent collection net cage 2 being located in the parent rearing pond 1 near the water inlet; the spawning unit includes a spawning pond 8 and fish nests 10 within the pond, wherein fish nests 10 are separated by fish nest dividers 9 to form relatively independent breeding spaces within the pond, and a water flow system 11 is installed above the fish nests 10.

[0032] The parent collection cage 2 is an open square structure, including a float 4 at the opening and a cage 6 below the float 4; wherein, a flushing trough 7 is provided at the lower edge of the float 4 on one side of the cage 6, the trough penetrates the cage 6, and a water pump 3 and a flushing pipe 5 are provided on the opposite side of the flushing trough 7, with space left between the flushing pipe 5 and the flushing trough 7.

[0033] The flushing trough 7 is V-shaped.

[0034] One-quarter to one-third of the area on one side of the spawning pool 8 is designated as a blank area, serving as a backup flow generation area.

[0035] The fish nest divider 9 includes a main dividing plate 12 and side dividing plates 13. The main dividing plate 12 divides the spawning pool 8 into at least one row, with a spacing of 1-2m between each row. The main dividing plate 12 is about 60cm high, and there is space between the two ends of the main dividing plate 12 and the inner wall of the spawning pool 8. The side dividing plates 13 are evenly and vertically arranged on the main dividing plate 12. The side dividing plates 13 are about 60cm long and about 50cm high. The distance between adjacent side dividing plates 13 is about 1.5m, forming a relatively independent rectangular space. The fish nest 10 is located in this space, and the height of the side dividing plates 13 is lower than that of the main dividing plate 12.

[0036] The water system 11 includes a main pipe 14 located outside the spawning pond 8, with a main branch pipe 15 connected to the main pipe 14. The main branch pipe 15 is located above the main branch plate 12. Nest tubes 16 are evenly arranged on the main branch pipe 15, and the nest tubes 16 are located about 50cm above the fish nest 10. A main branch pipe valve 17 is provided between the main branch pipe 15 and the main pipe 14.

[0037] The fish nest 10 includes a base 18 and a nest 19; the base 18 is a pedestal-shaped structure with openings at the top and bottom, and is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, with water-permeable holes 20 evenly distributed on the lower side of the base 18; the nest 19 includes a hemispherical frame 21 and an upper opening 22, the upper opening 22 being about 40cm in diameter, the nest 19 being placed inside the base 18, and the upper opening 22 fitting over the opening at the top of the base 18; water-permeable nest pieces are laid or sewn onto the frame 21 to collect fertilized eggs of the largemouth bass.

[0038] The above-described device is used to improve the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass.

[0039] The application includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Stock largemouth bass broodstock into broodstock rearing pond 1. The water surface in the pond should be level with the upper edge of the flushing trough 7. Set the distance between the opening of the flushing pipe 5 and the flushing trough 7 to be 40-50cm to ensure that when the water pump 3 is turned on, the water in the flushing trough 7 will be flushed out of the net cage 6 to form a water flow. One week before the broodstock are collected, add fresh water to the pond for 1-2 hours every day and observe the broodstock's water-pushing phenomenon. During the broodstock rearing process, feed them frozen fish or commercial feed. After the broodstock's water-pushing phenomenon occurs, stop adding water to the pond and start feeding them fresh feed once a day for 3 consecutive days. Then turn on the water pump 3 to flush the water and collect the broodstock that have swum into the net cage 6.

[0041] Among them, the parental line with mature gonads is sensitive to water flow stimulation and enters the net cage 6 by pushing the water against its head; the water pump 3 is turned on at dawn and turned off at daybreak.

[0042] S2. Place the parent fish collected in S1 into the spawning pond 8 at a rate equal to the number of nests 10. Add water to the spawning pond 8 until the water level is 10cm above the upper edge of the main branch plate 12. Connect the main pipe 14 to the water source, and submerge the opening of the nest tube 16 below the water surface. After the parent fish have stably dispersed, add water to the spawning pond 8 in the evening until the water level is 30cm above the upper edge of the main branch plate 12. At night, turn on the water flow system 11 and adjust the main branch valve 17 so that the water flowing from the nest tube 16 reaches the nest 19. At the bottom, a micro-flow, combined with the obstruction effect of the nest plate and the water permeability of the permeable hole 20, allows the male fish's sperm to diffuse downwards fully and fertilize the eggs on the nest plate, preventing the sperm from escaping upwards and affecting the fertilization rate; the next morning, the nests 19 containing fertilized eggs are collected for incubation, and new nests 19 are placed on the base 18 to continue collecting fertilized eggs; in the afternoon, the water flow system 11 is turned off and restarted at night, repeating the operation until the parent breeding rate reaches more than 40%;

[0043] During incubation, the nest 19 is placed upside down in the incubation pool and stacked in single or multiple layers for incubation.

[0044] When the fertilized eggs were collected for the first time in S3 and S2, the reproduction rate was less than 15%. A flow was created in the blank area of ​​the spawning pool 8 to form a micro-flow and gurgling sound in the spawning pool 8; the flow creation was carried out in the first half of the night.

[0045] The fresh feed is prepared by the following method: fresh testes or ovaries of fresh four major freshwater fish or carp are pulped, the pulp is mixed with commercial feed at a mass ratio of 1:10, and air-dried until it is no longer sticky, with an air-drying time of less than 30 minutes.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that the flushing tank 7 is U-shaped and the number of parent pairs is 1.2 times the number of fish nests 10; in this example, the reproduction rate of the first collection of fertilized eggs exceeds 20%, so there is no need to create flow in the blank area of ​​the spawning pool 8.

[0048] The devices and their applications in Examples 1 and 2 above can achieve a reproduction rate of over 40%, which is a significant improvement over the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for improving the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass using an indoor breeding device, characterized in that, The device includes a parent selection unit and a spawning unit; the parent selection unit includes a parent breeding pond (1) and a parent collection net cage (2), the parent collection net cage (2) being located in the parent breeding pond (1) near the water inlet; the spawning unit includes a spawning pond (8) and fish nests (10) in the pond, wherein fish nests (10) are separated by fish nest dividers (9) to form relatively independent breeding spaces in the pond, and a water flow system (11) is installed above the fish nests (10). The parent collection cage (2) is an open square structure, including a float (4) at the opening and a cage (6) below the float (4); wherein, a flushing trough (7) is provided at the lower edge of the float (4) on one side of the cage (6), the trough penetrates the cage (6), and a water pump (3) and a flushing pipe (5) are provided on the opposite side of the flushing trough (7), with space left between the flushing pipe (5) and the flushing trough (7); The fish nest divider (9) includes a main dividing plate (12) and a side dividing plate (13). The main dividing plate (12) divides the spawning pool (8) into at least one row, and there is a space between the two ends of the main dividing plate (12) and the inner wall of the spawning pool (8). The side dividing plates (13) are evenly and vertically arranged on the main dividing plate (12) to form a relatively independent rectangular space. The fish nest (10) is located in this space, and the height of the side dividing plate (13) is lower than that of the main dividing plate (12). The water system (11) includes a main pipe (14) located outside the spawning pond (8), a main branch pipe (15) connected to the main pipe (14), the main branch pipe (15) being located above the main branch plate (12); nest tubes (16) are evenly arranged on the main branch pipe (15), the nest tubes (16) being located above the fish nest (10); a main branch pipe valve (17) is provided between the main branch pipe (15) and the main pipe (14); The fish nest (10) includes a base (18) and a nest (19); the base (18) is a pedestal-shaped structure with openings at the top and bottom, and is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. Water-permeable holes (20) are evenly opened on the lower side of the base (18); the nest (19) includes a hemispherical frame (21) and an upper opening (22). The nest (19) is placed inside the base (18), and the upper opening (22) fits over the opening above the base (18); water-permeable nest pieces are laid or sewn on the frame (21) to collect the fertilized eggs of the largemouth bass. The method includes the following steps: S1. Stock largemouth bass broodstock into the broodstock rearing pond (1). The water surface in the pond is level with the upper edge of the flushing trough (7). Set the opening of the flushing pipe (5) and the flushing trough (7) to be 40-50cm apart to ensure that when the water pump (3) is turned on, the water in the flushing trough (7) will flush out of the net cage (6) to form a water flow. Add fresh water to the pond for 1-2 hours every day for one week before collecting the broodstock and observe the broodstock's water-pushing phenomenon. Feed the broodstock with fresh fish or commercial feed during the rearing process. Stop adding water to the pond after the broodstock's water-pushing phenomenon occurs and start feeding fresh feed once a day for 3 consecutive days. Then turn on the water pump (3) to flush the water and collect the broodstock that have swum into the net cage (6). The fresh feed is prepared by the following method: fresh testes or ovaries of fresh four major fresh fish or carp are pulped, the pulp is mixed with commercial feed at a mass ratio of 1:10, and air-dried until it is no longer sticky, with an air-drying time of less than 30 minutes. Among them, the parental line with mature gonads is sensitive to water flow stimulation and enters the net cage (6) by pushing the water against the surface. The water pump (3) is turned on at dawn and turned off at daybreak. S2. The number of parent pairs collected in S1 is 1-1.5 times the number of fish nests (10) and they are placed in the spawning pond (8). Water is added to the spawning pond (8) until the water level is 10cm above the upper edge of the main branch plate (12). The main pipe (14) is connected to the water source, and the opening of the nest tube (16) is submerged below the water surface. After the parent fish have stably dispersed, water is added to the spawning pond (8) in the evening until the water level is 30cm above the upper edge of the main branch plate (12). At night, the water flow system (11) is turned on and the main branch valve (17) is adjusted so that the water flowing out of the nest tube (16) is... When the flow reaches the bottom of the nest (19), it is a micro-flow. Combined with the blocking effect of the nest plate and the water permeability of the permeable hole (20), the male fish's sperm diffuses downwards and fertilizes the eggs on the nest plate, preventing the sperm from escaping upwards and affecting the fertilization rate. On the morning of the second day, the nest (19) containing fertilized eggs is collected and incubated. A new nest (19) is placed on the base (18) and the fertilized eggs are collected again. In the afternoon, the water flow system (11) is turned off and restarted at night. The operation is repeated until the parent breeding rate reaches more than 40%. During incubation, the nest (19) is placed upside down in the incubation pool and stacked in single or multiple layers for incubation. When the fertilized eggs are collected for the first time in S3 and S2, if the reproduction rate is less than 15%, a flow is created in the blank area of ​​the spawning pool (8) to form a micro-flow and gurgling sound in the spawning pool (8); the flow is created in the first half of the night.

2. The method for improving the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass using an indoor breeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flushing trough (7) is U-shaped or V-shaped.

3. The method for improving the indoor breeding efficiency of largemouth bass using an indoor breeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One-quarter to one-third of the area on one side of the spawning pool (8) is designated as a blank area to serve as a backup flow generation area.

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