Feeding method for improving turtle skirt quality and turtle skirt texture determination method

Abstract

The invention discloses a feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirts and a soft-shelled turtle skirt texture determination method. The method comprises the following steps: feeding soft-shelled turtles with a specific compound feed, the compound feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of rice bran, 30-40 parts of fish bone meal, 10-20 parts of shrimp shell powder, 10-15 parts of broad bean powder, 1-5 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine additive, 1-3 parts of chlorogenic acid, 1-3 parts of compound vitamins, 1-3 parts of betaine, 0.1-0.5 part of table salt and 1-5 parts of zeolite powder. The invention also establishes a sampling and determination parameter setting method for determining the texture of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, the method is simple and convenient to operate, objectively and accurately analyzes the texture characteristics of the sample, is suitable for comparing differences among samples, realizes objective and high-quality evaluation of the quality of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, and simultaneously performs texture determination on the skirt of a raw soft-shelled turtle sample and the skirt of a cooked soft-shelled turtle sample. And the accuracy of the soft-shelled turtle skirt quality evaluation result is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt and a method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt. Background Art

[0002] Soft-shelled turtles, also known as soft-shelled turtles or turtles, are oviparous reptiles that live both on land and in water. The meat of soft-shelled turtles is rich in nutrients such as animal glue, keratin, copper, and vitamin D. Its meat tastes delicious and has the effects of clearing heat and nourishing yin, suppressing liver yang and calming endogenous wind, and softening hard masses and dissipating nodules.

[0003] Currently, the main sales targets in the market are wild soft-shelled turtles and soft-shelled turtles fed with artificial feed. Wild soft-shelled turtles have rich food types, so they have accumulated various minerals and trace elements in their bodies, are rich in nutrition, have a delicious taste, and a good texture. However, due to the limitations of the growth environment, wild soft-shelled turtles have a slow individual weight gain rate and a long growth period, and due to limited production, it is difficult to meet market demand. Soft-shelled turtles fed with artificial feed grow in artificially created greenhouse sheds. The temperature, humidity environment, light conditions in the greenhouse shed, and the bait ratio and ingredient setting for feeding soft-shelled turtles are all artificially controlled. Due to the large influence of artificial control factors, soft-shelled turtles fed with artificial feed have a faster individual weight gain rate and a shorter growth period, so they can better meet market demand. However, the vitality, nutritional value, and texture of artificially raised soft-shelled turtles are far inferior to those of wild soft-shelled turtles. With the continuous improvement of people's requirements for the quality of soft-shelled turtle meat, the breeding efficiency has been severely affected.

[0004] In order to improve the quality of soft-shelled turtles, currently, farmers have started from aspects such as optimizing the feeding environment (water quality, temperature), feeding density, and feed quality. However, most current soft-shelled turtle feeds only meet the basic nutrients required during the growth process of soft-shelled turtles, and do not consider how to adjust the feed formula to improve the quality and edible texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt, etc.

[0005] In addition, the existing evaluation of the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt mainly relies on visual observation or subjective scoring by consumers, and there is a lack of a quantitative measurement method for its texture, which is not conducive to scientifically and accurately identifying the quality of products. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt. By adjusting the feed formula during the feeding process of soft-shelled turtles, it has a comprehensive nutrition and a reasonable combination, making the soft-shelled turtle skirt wider and thicker, and ensuring the quality, texture, and appearance of the soft-shelled turtle skirt. In addition, the present invention also provides a method for measuring the texture of the above-mentioned soft-shelled turtle skirt. This method is easy to operate, objectively and accurately analyzes the texture characteristics of the sample, is suitable for comparing differences between samples, and realizes an objective and high-quality evaluation of the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In the first aspect of the present invention, a feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt is provided, including feeding soft-shelled turtles with a compound feed, and the compound feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0009] 30 - 40 parts of rice bran, 30 - 40 parts of fish bone meal, 10 - 20 parts of shrimp shell powder, 10 - 15 parts of broad bean powder, 1 - 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 1 - 3 parts of chlorogenic acid, 1 - 3 parts of compound vitamin, 1 - 3 parts of betaine, 0.1 - 0.5 parts of table salt, 1 - 5 parts of zeolite powder.

[0010] Adopting the above technical solution:

[0011] In the present invention, the formula of the compound feed is adjusted. It uses rice bran, fish bone meal, and shrimp shell powder as the main raw materials. Rice bran is a by-product in the process of rice processing, containing rich cellulose, vitamins, and minerals. As one of the main components of soft-shelled turtle feed, the cellulose in rice bran helps the digestion of soft-shelled turtles, while vitamins and minerals contribute to the healthy growth of soft-shelled turtles. Fish bone meal and shrimp shell powder are used to supplement calcium and protein. Fish bone meal is made by drying and pulverizing fish bones, and the calcium content in fish bone meal is higher than that in fish meal, which helps to promote the growth and health of soft-shelled turtle bones. Shrimp shell powder is a by-product after shrimp processing, containing rich chitin (chitosan) and calcium. Adding shrimp shell powder to soft-shelled turtle feed can provide the chitin required by soft-shelled turtles, contribute to the growth and health of soft-shelled turtle shells, and at the same time supplement calcium to promote bone development.

[0012] The width, thickness, and edible texture of the soft-shelled turtle skirt directly affect the selling price of soft-shelled turtles. Therefore, it is particularly important to cultivate soft-shelled turtles with high-quality skirts. In the present invention, broad bean powder and chlorogenic acid are added to the feed, and the two are compounded to achieve a synergistic effect, which can improve the toughness and texture of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, increase the width and thickness of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, and at the same time increase the content of collagen in the skirt. Betaine can increase the content of total collagen and soluble collagen in the skirt, thereby improving the edible viscosity of the skirt.

[0013] The addition of Chinese herbal medicine additive can improve the palatability, growth rate, and immunity of soft-shelled turtles, improve fat metabolism, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and at the same time has the effect of being green and environmentally friendly.

[0014] Furthermore, the Chinese herbal medicine additive is a compound mixture of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa.

[0015] Furthermore, the dosage ratio of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa in the Chinese herbal medicine additive is (3 - 5):(1 - 3):(1 - 2):(2 - 4):3.

[0016] In the present invention, a functional Chinese herbal medicine additive is formed by quantitatively compounding polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, dodder seed, bupleurum chinense, and prepared rehmannia root. Adding it to the soft-shelled turtle feed can significantly enhance the constitution of soft-shelled turtles, improve immunity, reduce the incidence of diseases, increase the survival rate, and make the soft-shelled turtle's carapace edge thick, improving the taste and toughness of the carapace edge.

[0017] Furthermore, the compound vitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D, coated vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B1, niacin, folic acid, and pantothenic acid.

[0018] The addition of compound vitamins in the soft-shelled turtle feed plays an important role in aspects such as the healthy breeding, growth and development, immunity improvement, feed efficiency increase, and disease prevention of soft-shelled turtles. The specific functions are as follows:

[0019] Compound vitamins contain all the vitamins required for the growth and development of soft-shelled turtles and are crucial for the rapid growth of soft-shelled turtles. Vitamins B6, niacin, vitamin B12, etc. are particularly important for the growth and development of soft-shelled turtles. Lack of them will lead to poor growth and development, reduced appetite, emaciation, and decreased fertility. Appropriate supplementation of vitamin C can improve the immunity of soft-shelled turtles and reduce the incidence of diseases. As a physiological antioxidant, vitamin E can prevent the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in soft-shelled turtle cells and improve disease resistance. Vitamins participate in biochemical reactions and various metabolisms in animals. Lack of vitamins will cause the imbalance of the activity of certain enzymes, leading to metabolic disorders and affecting the normal functions of certain organs in organisms. As a trace part in the feed, compound vitamins play an important role in balancing feed nutrition and improving feed efficiency. The addition of compound vitamins helps prevent and treat various nutritional diseases caused by nutritional imbalance in soft-shelled turtles. The addition of compound vitamins has characteristics such as promoting growth, improving quality, strong disease resistance, and low feed conversion ratio. The vitamins added to the feed contribute to the gonadal development of soft-shelled turtles and the growth and development of egg cells. Compound vitamins help with anti-stress, improve immunity, promote the synthesis of collagen, strengthen the permeability of capillaries, have the effect of prothrombin and increase the protein in the blood (hemostatic effect), and improve the disease resistance and fertility of soft-shelled turtles.

[0020] Furthermore, the soft-shelled turtle is Pelodiscus sinensis, and the compound feed is used to feed soft-shelled turtles with a weight of more than 100 g.

[0021] This compound feed is particularly suitable for feeding soft-shelled turtles with a weight of more than 100 g, that is, for the adult turtle breeding period. This compound feed can not only meet the growth needs of adult turtles, ensure the rapid growth of soft-shelled turtles, but also improve the feed utilization rate, effectively improve the meat quality and nutritional value of adult turtles, especially make the carapace edge of soft-shelled turtles thick and wide, and ensure the quality, taste, and appearance of the carapace edge of soft-shelled turtles, and promote the growth of soft-shelled turtles, increase the survival rate. At the same time, it has little pollution to the water environment and low cost.

[0022] Furthermore, the daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 4-8% of the total weight of soft-shelled turtles in the aquaculture water body.

[0023] In the second aspect of the present invention, a method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt is provided, which is used to measure the texture of the skirt of soft-shelled turtles obtained by the above feeding method, and includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Sampling:

[0025] Slaughter the soft-shelled turtle by cutting its neck to bleed, open the carapace, cut off the skirt, and cut the posterior section of the skirt near the tail of the soft-shelled turtle as the skirt sample.

[0026] S2. Texture measurement of raw skirt:

[0027] On the cut skirt sample, take an area of 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm with similar thickness as the measurement part, and perform a compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer. The hardness, elasticity, surface viscosity, toughness, breaking force, compactness, chewiness, sample height, and breaking force / sample height can be recorded and calculated from the force-time curve graph.

[0028] S3. Texture measurement of cooked skirt:

[0029] Put the cut skirt sample into boiling water for cooking, then cool it in cold water, cut a 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm skirt with similar thickness with a small knife, and cut it in half along the cross-section horizontally, place it on the working table of the texture analyzer for measurement, and perform a compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer. The hardness, elasticity, viscosity, chewiness, and sample height can be recorded and calculated from the force-time curve graph.

[0030] The model of the texture analyzer is TA-XT plus. The P / 2 probe is used for raw sample measurement, the P0.5S probe is used for cooked sample measurement, the test results are analyzed by TPA-macro, and the Texture Expert V1.0 software is used for processing and analysis.

[0031] Furthermore, in the step S2, when performing the compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer, the parameter settings are as follows: the sensor probe is 30 kg, the pre-test speed is 1 mm / s, the test speed is 2 mm / s, the post-test speed is 2 mm / s, the deformation distance of the first test is 2 mm, the test time is 30 s, the trigger force is 20 g, the deformation distance of the second test is 15 mm, and the holding time is 5 s.

[0032] In the present invention, through a large number of experimental tests, the specific setting parameters for performing the compression experiment on the raw soft-shelled turtle skirt using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer are finally selected. Under these set parameters, the accuracy of the texture measurement results of the raw skirt is ensured.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S3, when performing the compression experiment in the TRA mode of the texture analyzer, the parameter settings are as follows: the sensor probe is 5 kg, the pre-test speed is 1 mm / s, the test speed is 2 mm / s, the post-test speed is 2 mm / s, the deformation distance is 2 mm, and the trigger force is 10 g.

[0034] In the present invention, through a large number of experimental tests, the specific setting parameters for performing the compression experiment on the cooked soft-shelled turtle skirt in the TRA mode of the texture analyzer in step S3 are finally selected. Under these set parameters, the accuracy of the texture measurement results of the cooked skirt is ensured.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) In the present invention, the compound feed formula is adjusted. It uses rice bran, fish bone meal, and shrimp shell powder as the main raw materials. Rice bran is a by-product in the process of rice processing, containing rich cellulose, vitamins, and minerals. As one of the main components of soft-shelled turtle feed, the cellulose in rice bran helps the digestion of soft-shelled turtles, while vitamins and minerals contribute to the healthy growth of soft-shelled turtles. Fish bone meal and shrimp shell powder are used to supplement calcium and protein. Fish bone meal is made by drying and crushing fish bones, and the calcium content in fish bone meal is higher than that in fish meal, which helps to promote the growth and health of soft-shelled turtle bones. Shrimp shell powder is a by-product after shrimp processing, containing rich chitin (chitosan) and calcium. Adding shrimp shell powder to soft-shelled turtle feed can provide the chitin required by soft-shelled turtles, which helps the growth and health of soft-shelled turtle shells, and at the same time supplements calcium to promote bone development. The width and thickness of the soft-shelled turtle skirt directly affect the selling price of soft-shelled turtles. Therefore, it is particularly important to cultivate soft-shelled turtles with high-quality skirts. In the present invention, adding broad bean powder and chlorogenic acid to the feed, the two are compounded to play a synergistic effect, which can improve the toughness and taste of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, increase the width and thickness of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, and at the same time increase the content of skirt collagen. Betaine can increase the content of total collagen and soluble collagen in the skirt, thereby increasing the edible viscosity of the skirt. The addition of Chinese herbal medicine additives can improve the palatability, growth rate, and immunity of soft-shelled turtles, improve fat metabolism, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and at the same time have the effect of being green and environmentally friendly.

[0037] (2) In the present invention, a method for setting sampling and measurement parameters for texture determination of soft-shelled turtle skirts is established. This method is simple to operate, objectively and accurately analyzes the texture characteristics of samples, is suitable for comparing differences between samples, realizes an objective and high-quality evaluation of the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirts, and at the same time performs texture determination on both raw and cooked soft-shelled turtle skirts, ensuring the accuracy of the evaluation results of the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a physical picture of the soft shell of the soft-shelled turtle after breeding in Example 1. Specific implementation manners

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A breeding method for improving the quality of the soft shell of the soft-shelled turtle and a method for measuring the texture of the soft shell of the soft-shelled turtle. Among them, the breeding method includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Select 100 soft-shelled turtles that meet the taxonomic characteristics of Pelodiscus sinensis, are physically strong, have a complete appearance, no injuries, no deformities, normal body color, bright skin, and a weight of about 100 g.

[0044] S2. First, disinfect the breeding pond for breeding soft-shelled turtles. The method is as follows: fill the pond with water and soak it for 18 days, change the water 3 times during this period, then disinfect it with quicklime, and after disinfection, carry out stocking. The stocking time is in spring, when the water temperature is not lower than 15 °C, and the stocking density is 10 turtles / m 2 ;

[0045] S3. During the breeding process, feed a compound feed continuously for 6 months from the end of April to the end of October. Feed twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon) during the breeding period. The daily feeding amount of this compound feed is 4-8% of the total weight of the soft-shelled turtles in the breeding water body. During the breeding period, the water quality is adjusted by sprinkling quicklime and EM probiotic agents throughout the pond, and the water is regularly changed by 20% to ensure good water quality.

[0046] Among them, in step S3, the compound feed fed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0047] 36 parts of rice bran, 30 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of shrimp shell powder, 12 parts of broad bean powder, 3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 2 parts of chlorogenic acid, 2 parts of compound vitamin, 2 parts of betaine, 0.3 part of table salt, 3 parts of zeolite powder.

[0048] The Chinese herbal medicine additive is a mixture of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa in a mass ratio of (3-5):(1-3):(1-2):(2-4):3.

[0049] The compound vitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D, coated vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B1, niacin, folic acid and pantothenic acid.

[0050] The method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Sampling:

[0052] Randomly select 10 soft-shelled turtle samples after breeding. Slaughter the soft-shelled turtles by cutting their necks to bleed them, open the carapace, cut off the skirt, and cut the posterior section of the skirt near the tail of the soft-shelled turtle as the skirt sample. Figure 1 is the complete skirt cut from one of the soft-shelled turtle samples. The red-framed part is the posterior section of the skirt near the tail of the soft-shelled turtle, which is selected as the skirt sample.

[0053] S2. Texture measurement of the raw skirt:

[0054] On the cut skirt sample, take an area with a size of 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm and similar thickness as the measurement part ( Figure 1 the yellow-framed part in is the measurement part), and use the TRA mode of a texture analyzer (model TA-XTplus, using a P / 2 probe) to conduct a compression experiment. The parameter settings are as follows: the sensor probe is 30 kg, the pre-test speed is 1 mm / s, the test speed is 2 mm / s, the post-test speed is 2 mm / s, the deformation distance for the first test is 2 mm, the test time is 30 s, the trigger force is 20 g, the deformation distance for the second test is 15 mm, and the holding time is 5 s. The hardness, elasticity, surface viscosity, chewiness can be recorded and calculated from the force-time curve, and the average value is calculated.

[0055] S3. Texture measurement of the cooked skirt:

[0056] Put the cut skirt sample into boiling water and cook for 20 min, then place it in cold water to cool for 5 min. Cut off a 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm skirt with similar thickness with a small knife, and cut it in half along the cross-section horizontally. Place it on the workbench of a texture analyzer (model TA-XTplus, using a P0.5S probe) for measurement. Use the TRA mode of the texture analyzer to conduct a compression experiment. The parameter settings are as follows: the sensor probe is 5 kg, the pre-test speed is 1 mm / s, the test speed is 2 mm / s, the post-test speed is 2 mm / s, the deformation distance is 2 mm, the trigger force is 10 g. The hardness, elasticity, surface viscosity, chewiness can be recorded and calculated from the force-time curve, and the average value is calculated.

[0057] Test the width and thickness of the skirts of 10 randomly selected soft-shelled turtle samples after breeding. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the average values of the texture measurement results of the soft-shelled turtle skirts are shown in Table 2.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt and a method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt. Among them, the feeding method includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Select 100 soft-shelled turtles that meet the classification characteristics of Pelodiscus sinensis, are physically strong, have a complete appearance, no injuries, no deformities, normal body color, shiny skin, and a weight of about 100 g;

[0061] S2. First, disinfect the breeding pond for soft-shelled turtles. The method is as follows: Fill the pond with water and soak for 18 days. During this period, change the water 3 times. Then disinfect with quicklime, and after disinfection, release the turtles. The release time is in spring when the water temperature is not lower than 15 °C, and the release density is 10 turtles / m 2 ;

[0062] S3. Feed compound feed during the feeding process for 6 consecutive months from the end of April to the end of October. Feed twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon) during the feeding period. The daily feeding amount of this compound feed is 4-8% of the total weight of soft-shelled turtles in the breeding water body. During the feeding period, the water quality is adjusted by spraying quicklime and EM probiotic agents throughout the pond, and the water is changed regularly by 20% to ensure good water quality.

[0063] Among them, in step S3, the compound feed fed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0064] 40 parts of rice bran, 34 parts of fish bone meal, 10 parts of shrimp shell powder, 10 parts of broad bean powder, 1 part of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 2 parts of chlorogenic acid, 2 parts of compound vitamin, 2 parts of betaine, 0.1 part of table salt, 5 parts of zeolite powder.

[0065] The Chinese herbal medicine additive is a mixture of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa with a mass ratio of (3-5):(1-3):(1-2):(2-4):3.

[0066] The compound vitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D, coated vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B1, nicotinic acid, folic acid, and pantothenic acid.

[0067] Test the skirt width and thickness of 10 randomly selected soft-shelled turtle samples after feeding. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the average value of the texture measurement results of soft-shelled turtle skirt is shown in Table 2.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] A feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt and a method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt. Among them, the feeding method includes the following steps:

[0070] S1. Select 100 soft-shelled turtles that meet the classification characteristics of Chinese soft-shelled turtles, are physically strong, have a complete appearance, no injuries, no deformities, normal body color, shiny skin, and weigh about 100 g.

[0071] S2. First, disinfect the breeding pond for soft-shelled turtles. The method is as follows: Fill it with water and soak for 18 days. During this period, change the water 3 times. Then disinfect it with quicklime. After disinfection, release the turtles. The release time is in spring when the water temperature is not lower than 15°C, and the release density is 10 turtles / m 2 ;

[0072] S3. During the feeding process, feed the compound feed continuously for 6 months from the end of April to the end of October. Feed twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon) during the feeding period. The daily feeding amount of this compound feed is 4-8% of the total weight of the soft-shelled turtles in the breeding water body. During the feeding period, adjust the water quality by sprinkling quicklime and EM probiotic agents throughout the pond, and change the water regularly by 20% to ensure good water quality.

[0073] Among them, in step S3, the compound feed fed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0074] 30 parts of rice bran, 40 parts of fish bone meal, 15 parts of shrimp shell powder, 15 parts of broad bean powder, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 1 part of chlorogenic acid, 1 part of compound vitamin, 3 parts of betaine, 0.5 part of table salt, 1 part of zeolite powder.

[0075] The Chinese herbal medicine additive is a mixture of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa with a mass ratio of (3-5):(1-3):(1-2):(2-4):3.

[0076] The compound vitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D, coated vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B1, niacin, folic acid, and pantothenic acid.

[0077] Test the width and thickness of the skirt edge of 10 randomly selected soft-shelled turtle samples after feeding. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the average value of the texture determination results of the soft-shelled turtle skirt edge is shown in Table 2.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] A feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt edge and a method for texture determination of soft-shelled turtle skirt edge. Among them, the feeding method includes the following steps:

[0080] S1. Select 100 soft-shelled turtles that meet the classification characteristics of Chinese soft-shelled turtles, are physically strong, have a complete appearance, no injuries, no deformities, normal body color, shiny skin, and weigh about 100 g.

[0081] S2. First, disinfect the breeding pond for soft-shelled turtles. The method is as follows: Fill the pond with water and soak for 18 days. During this period, change the water 3 times. Then disinfect with quicklime, and after disinfection, carry out stocking. The stocking time is in spring when the water temperature is not lower than 15°C, and the stocking density is 10 turtles per square meter. 2 ;

[0082] S3. During the feeding process, feed the compound feed continuously for 6 months from the end of April to the end of October. Feed twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon) during the feeding period. The daily feeding amount of this compound feed is 4 - 8% of the total weight of the soft-shelled turtles in the breeding water body. During the feeding period, the water quality is adjusted by sprinkling quicklime and EM probiotic agents throughout the pond, and the water is changed regularly by 20% to ensure good water quality.

[0083] Among them, in step S3, the compound feed fed includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0084] Rice bran 32 parts, fish bone meal 38 parts, shrimp shell powder 12 parts, broad bean powder 13 parts, Chinese herbal medicine additive 3 parts, chlorogenic acid 3 parts, compound vitamin 3 parts, betaine 1 part, salt 0.3 part, zeolite powder 3 parts.

[0085] The Chinese herbal medicine additive is a mixture of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa in a mass ratio of (3 - 5):(1 - 3):(1 - 2):(2 - 4):3.

[0086] The compound vitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D, coated vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B1, niacin, folic acid, and pantothenic acid.

[0087] Test the skirt width and thickness of 10 randomly selected soft-shelled turtle samples after feeding. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the average value of the texture determination results of the soft-shelled turtle skirt is shown in Table 2.

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] Comparative Example 1 is a comparative test example of Example 1. The difference between it and Example 1 is that broad bean powder is not added to the compound feed fed to the soft-shelled turtles in this comparative example. The rest of the component formulations, feeding methods, methods for measuring the texture of the soft-shelled turtle skirt, and methods for testing the skirt width and thickness of the soft-shelled turtle samples are the same as those in Example 1.

[0090] Raw materials in parts by weight:

[0091] Rice bran 36 parts, fish bone meal 30 parts, shrimp shell powder 20 parts, Chinese herbal medicine additive 3 parts, chlorogenic acid 2 parts, compound vitamin 2 parts, betaine 2 parts, salt 0.3 part, zeolite powder 3 parts.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] Comparative Example 2 is a comparative test example of Example 1. The difference between it and Example 1 is that chlorogenic acid is not added to the compound feed fed to soft-shelled turtles in this comparative example. The rest of the component formulations, feeding methods, methods for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt, and methods for testing the width and thickness of the skirt of soft-shelled turtle samples are the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] Specifically, the compound feed in Comparative Example 1 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0095] 36 parts of rice bran, 30 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of shrimp shell powder, 12 parts of broad bean powder, 3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 2 parts of compound vitamin, 2 parts of betaine, 0.3 part of table salt, and 3 parts of zeolite powder.

[0096] Comparative Example 3

[0097] Comparative Example 1 is a comparative test example of Example 1. The difference between it and Example 1 is that broad bean powder and chlorogenic acid are not added to the compound feed fed to soft-shelled turtles in this comparative example. The rest of the component formulations, feeding methods, methods for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt, and methods for testing the width and thickness of the skirt of soft-shelled turtle samples are the same as those in Example 1.

[0098] Specifically, the compound feed in Comparative Example 1 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0099] 36 parts of rice bran, 30 parts of fish bone meal, 20 parts of shrimp shell powder, 3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 2 parts of compound vitamin, 2 parts of betaine, 0.3 part of table salt, and 3 parts of zeolite powder.

[0100] The average values of the test results of the skirt widths of 10 randomly selected soft-shelled turtles in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0101] Table 1

[0102]

[0103] As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, in Examples 1-4, after feeding with a specific compound feed, the width of the soft-shelled turtle skirt is more than 3 cm, and the morphology of the fed soft-shelled turtles is better. In Comparative Examples 1-3, due to the lack of broad bean powder and / or chlorogenic acid in the feed, the width of the soft-shelled turtle skirt after feeding is significantly reduced, and the morphology of the fed soft-shelled turtles becomes worse. This shows that the broad bean powder and chlorogenic acid added to the feed, when compounded, have a synergistic effect, which can increase the width of the soft-shelled turtle skirt and improve the quality of soft-shelled turtles.

[0104] Table 2

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] As can be seen from the test results in Table 2, in Examples 1-4, after feeding with the specific compound feed, the hardness of the raw and cooked skirt edges of the soft-shelled turtles is small, and they have good elasticity, adhesiveness and chewiness.

[0108] In Comparative Examples 1-3, the hardness of the raw and cooked skirt edges of the soft-shelled turtles increases, and the elasticity, adhesiveness and chewiness all decrease significantly.

[0109] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt, characterized in that, It includes feeding soft-shelled turtles with compound feed, and the compound feed comprises raw materials in the following parts by weight: 30-40 parts of rice bran, 30-40 parts of fish bone meal, 10-20 parts of shrimp shell powder, 10-15 parts of broad bean powder, 1-5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine additive, 1-3 parts of chlorogenic acid, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin, 1-3 parts of betaine, 0.1-0.5 part of table salt, and 1-5 parts of zeolite powder.

2. The feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 1, characterized in that The Chinese herbal medicine additive is a compound mixture of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa.

3. The feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dosage ratio of polygonatum sibiricum, corn silk, cuscuta chinensis, bupleurum chinense, and rehmannia glutinosa in the Chinese herbal medicine additive is (3-5):(1-3):(1-2):(2-4):

3.

4. The feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 1, characterized in that The compound vitamin includes vitamin A, vitamin D, coated vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin B1, nicotinic acid, folic acid, and pantothenic acid.

5. The feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soft-shelled turtle is Pelodiscus sinensis, and the compound feed is used to feed Pelodiscus sinensis with a weight of more than 100 g.

6. The feeding method for improving the quality of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 5, characterized in that, The daily feeding amount of the compound feed is 4-8% of the total weight of the soft-shelled turtles in the aquaculture water body.

7. A method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt, which is used to measure the texture of the soft-shelled turtle skirt obtained by the feeding method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Sampling: Slaughter the soft-shelled turtle by cutting its neck to let the blood out, open the carapace, cut off the skirt edge, and cut off the posterior skirt edge near the tail of the soft-shelled turtle as the skirt edge sample. S2. Texture determination of the raw skirt edge: On the obtained skirt edge sample, take an area with a size of 1.5 cm×1.5 cm and similar thickness as the measurement part, and conduct a compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer. The hardness, elasticity, surface viscosity, toughness, breaking force, compactness, chewiness, sample height, and breaking force / sample height can be recorded and calculated from the force-time curve graph. S3. Texture determination of the cooked skirt edge: Put the obtained skirt edge sample into boiling water for cooking, then cool it in cold water. Cut off a 1.5 cm×1.5 cm skirt edge with similar thickness with a small knife, and cut it in half along the cross-section horizontally. Place it on the texture analyzer workbench for measurement, and conduct a compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer. The hardness, elasticity, viscosity, chewiness, and sample height can be recorded and calculated from the force-time curve graph.

8. The method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 7, wherein, In the step S2, when conducting the compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer, the parameter settings are as follows: the sensor probe is 30 kg, the pre-test speed is 1 mm / s, the test speed is 2 mm / s, the post-test speed is 2 mm / s, the deformation distance of the first test is 2 mm, the test time is 30 s, the trigger force is 20 g, the deformation distance of the second test is 15 mm, and the holding time is 5 s.

9. The method for measuring the texture of soft-shelled turtle skirt according to claim 7, wherein, In the step S3, when conducting the compression experiment using the TRA mode of the texture analyzer, the parameter settings are as follows: the sensor probe is 5 kg, the pre-test speed is 1 mm / s, the test speed is 2 mm / s, the post-test speed is 2 mm / s, the deformation distance is 2 mm, and the trigger force is 10 g.

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