Automatic extraction concentration and hot reflux extraction concentration unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of extraction and concentration units, in particular to an automatic extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit which comprises an extraction box, a motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction box, a stirring and heating rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a heating part is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod. A real-time monitoring mechanism is arranged, a condensate amount monitoring assembly in the real-time monitoring mechanism monitors the pressure change generated on a water baffle when condensate in a detection pipe is accumulated through a pressure sensor, converts a pressure change signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to a PLC, and therefore the amount of the condensate is monitored in real time; the condensate concentration monitoring assembly calculates the concentration of the condensate through a light-emitting plate and a photoresistor plate according to the change of the resistance value of the photoresistor plate caused by different light absorption and scattering degrees of the condensate with different concentrations, and the real-time regulation and control mechanism is electrically connected with the PLC, the heating piece and the stirring heating rod to form a regulation loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of extraction and concentration units, and particularly relates to an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit. Background Art

[0002] As a chemical equipment widely used in the fields of food, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, etc., the extraction and concentration unit's main function is to extract valuable components from various materials and concentrate them. This unit generally consists of an extraction part and a concentration part, and achieves the extraction and concentration of the target substance through two key steps. For example, an automatic control type multi-functional hot reflux extraction and concentration unit disclosed in the patent application No. CN202311006412.1.

[0003] During the process of hot reflux extraction, adjusting the heating temperature and reflux ratio is of great significance. The heating temperature directly affects the molecular thermal motion rate. An appropriate temperature can accelerate the diffusion of the effective components in the raw materials into the solvent, improving the extraction speed. However, too high a temperature is likely to cause component decomposition, and too low a temperature results in low extraction efficiency. The reflux ratio is related to the recycling of the solvent and the contact degree between the material and the solvent. An appropriate reflux ratio can promote the full dissolution of the effective components. Currently, existing hot reflux extraction and concentration units usually adjust according to the preset heating value and reflux ratio during extraction, and cannot adaptively adjust the heating temperature and reflux ratio based on the liquid volume and concentration of the condensed water vapor during the extraction process. This makes it impossible to accurately match the optimal process conditions when facing changes in different extraction stages, resulting in low extraction efficiency and unstable quality of the extracted liquid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing technology cannot adaptively adjust the heating temperature and reflux ratio according to the liquid volume and concentration of the condensed water vapor during the extraction process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, including: An extraction tank, the bottom end of the extraction tank is fixedly connected with a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a stirring and heating rod, and a heating element is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod; A real-time monitoring mechanism, the real-time monitoring mechanism includes a condensate liquid volume monitoring component for detecting the real-time condensate liquid volume and a condensate liquid concentration monitoring component for real-time detecting the condensate liquid concentration, and the condensate liquid is the liquid after the water vapor generated during extraction is condensed; A real-time regulation mechanism, which is used to adjust the heating power of the heating element and the stirring heating rod in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component and the condensate volume monitoring component, and is also used to adjust the reflux ratio of the condensate in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component and the condensate volume monitoring component.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of lifting ports arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly opened at the top end of the extraction tank. The inner wall of the lifting port is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, and the top end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a sealing cover for sealing the top of the extraction tank. The bottom end of the extraction tank is fixedly connected with a plurality of support legs.

[0007] Preferably, a water tank and a condensation tank are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extraction tank from top to bottom in sequence. Both the water tank and the condensation tank are filled with water. A refrigeration element is arranged in the condensation tank. A first threaded water pipe and a second threaded water pipe are arranged in the water tank. A third threaded water pipe is arranged in the condensation tank. A suction pump is fixedly connected to the top end of the water tank. The suction end of the suction pump is fixedly communicated with a suction pipe. The other end of the suction pipe penetrates through the sealing cover. The exhaust end of the suction pump is communicated with the first threaded water pipe. The other end of the first threaded water pipe is fixedly communicated with a connecting pipe. The other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly communicated with the third threaded water pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the condensate concentration monitoring component includes a detection pipe fixedly communicated with the other end of the third threaded water pipe, and the detection pipe penetrates through the bottom end of the condensation tank. A detection cavity is opened inside the detection pipe. A light-emitting plate and a photoresistor plate for receiving the light emitted by the light-emitting plate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cavity. The positions on the inner wall of the detection cavity in contact with the light-emitting plate and the photoresistor plate are made of transparent glass. The photoresistor plate is electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a concentration detection circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the condensate volume monitoring component includes an inverted N-shaped sliding groove opened on the inner wall of the detection pipe. The inverted N-shaped sliding groove is communicated with the detection cavity. An inverted N-shaped sliding plate is slidably connected in the inverted N-shaped sliding groove. One end of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate located inside the detection pipe is fixedly connected with a water blocking plate. The bottom ends of the water blocking plate and the inverted N-shaped sliding plate are hermetically slidably connected to the bottom end of the detection pipe. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection pipe. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure sensor. The other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected with the water blocking plate. An air vent communicated with the detection cavity is opened on the inner wall of the detection pipe, and the air vent is within the coverage range of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller to form a liquid volume detection circuit. A water outlet is opened at the bottom end of the detection pipe, and a solenoid valve is arranged in the water outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the real-time regulation mechanism includes a shunt box fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection tube. A drain port is provided on the outer wall of the shunt box, and an adjustment cavity is provided inside the shunt box. An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment cavity. A plastic spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electromagnet. The other end of the plastic spring is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet plate, and the permanent magnet plate is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet. The other end of the permanent magnet plate is fixedly connected to a push rod. The push rod hermetically slides through the side wall of the drain port. The other end of the push rod is fixedly connected to a shunt plate, and the shunt plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drain port. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnet, the heating element, and the stirring heating rod to form an adjustment circuit. A ventilation port is provided on the outer wall of the shunt box, and the ventilation port communicates with the adjustment cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a protective cover is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extraction box, and the detection tube penetrates through the top end of the protective cover. A reflux collection box and a discharge collection box are fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective cover. Two stretchable water collecting pipes with different lengths are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shunt plate. The outer walls of the two water collecting pipes are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shunt box. The water outlet of the longer water collecting pipe is above the discharge collection box, and the water outlet of the shorter water collecting pipe is above the reflux collection box.

[0012] Preferably, a reflux water pump and a discharge water pump are fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective cover. The water pumping end of the reflux water pump is fixedly connected to the inside of the reflux collection box. The output end of the reflux water pump is connected to the bottom end of the second threaded water pipe. The top end of the second threaded water pipe extends into the extraction box. The water pumping end of the discharge water pump is connected to the inside of the discharge collection box. The drainage end of the discharge water pump is fixedly connected to a concentration tank.

[0013] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the known prior art: A real-time monitoring mechanism is provided. The condensate quantity monitoring component in it monitors the pressure change generated by the condensate accumulation in the detection tube on the water baffle through a pressure sensor, converts the pressure change signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the PLC controller, so as to monitor the quantity of condensate in real time; the condensate concentration monitoring component calculates the concentration of the condensate in real time through a light-emitting plate and a photoresistor plate according to the different absorption and scattering degrees of light by condensates with different concentrations, resulting in changes in the resistance value of the photoresistor plate. The real-time regulation mechanism is electrically connected to the PLC controller, the heating element, and the stirring heating rod to form an adjustment circuit. The PLC controller controls the heating power of the stirring heating rod and the heating element according to the changes in the quantity and concentration of the condensate in different extraction stages (early stage, middle stage, late stage). For example, in the early stage of extraction, when the quantity of condensate is large and the concentration is low, the heating power is rapidly increased; in the middle stage, it is appropriately adjusted according to the concentration change; in the late stage, when the quantity of condensate decreases and the concentration is relatively high, the heating power is reduced.

[0014] Similarly, information on the amount and concentration of condensate is obtained with the help of a real-time monitoring mechanism. In the shunt box of the real-time regulation mechanism, components such as an electromagnet, a plastic spring, a permanent magnet plate, a push rod, and a shunt plate are provided. The PLC controller controls the current flowing into the electromagnet according to the signals of the amount and concentration of condensate in different extraction stages, changes the magnetism of the electromagnet, and thus drives the push rod through the permanent magnet plate to push the shunt plate to move, changing the flow direction of the condensate in the shunt box and realizing the adjustment of the reflux ratio. For example, in the early stage of extraction, the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box is increased to improve the reflux ratio; in the middle stage, a stable reflux ratio is maintained; in the later stage, the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box is reduced to lower the reflux ratio. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is a sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the protective cover of the present invention; Figure 5 is a sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the shunt box of the present invention; Figure 6 is a sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the detection tube of the present invention.

[0017] Reference Signs: 1, extraction tank; 2, motor; 3, stirring and heating rod; 4, heating element; 5, real-time monitoring mechanism; 51, condensate volume monitoring component; 511, inverted N-shaped sliding groove; 512, inverted N-shaped sliding plate; 513, water baffle; 514, pressure sensor; 515, connecting spring; 516, water flow port; 52, condensate concentration monitoring component; 521, detection tube; 522, detection cavity; 523, light-emitting plate; 524, photoresistive plate; 6, real-time regulation mechanism; 61, shunt box; 62, drain port; 63, adjustment cavity; 64, electromagnet; 65, plastic spring; 66, permanent magnet plate; 67, push rod; 68, shunt plate; 69, protective cover; 610, reflux collection box; 611, discharge collection box; 612, water collecting pipe; 613, reflux water pump; 614, discharge water pump; 7, lifting port; 8, electric telescopic rod; 9, sealing cover; 10, water tank; 11, condensate box; 12, first threaded water pipe; 13, second threaded water pipe; 14, third threaded water pipe; 15, air pump; 16, air extraction pipe; 17, connecting pipe; 18, concentration tank. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 , an automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit, comprising: An extraction tank 1, a motor 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank 1, a stirring and heating rod 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 2, and a heating element 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod 3; A plurality of lifting ports 7 arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly opened at the top end of the extraction tank 1. An electric telescopic rod 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting port 7. A sealing cover 9 for sealing the top of the extraction tank 1 is fixedly connected to the top end of the electric telescopic rod 8. A plurality of support legs are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank 1.

[0021] The outer wall of the extraction box 1 is fixedly connected with a water tank 10 and a condensation box 11 from top to bottom in sequence. Both the water tank 10 and the condensation box 11 are filled with water. A refrigerating component is arranged in the condensation box 11, a first threaded water pipe 12 and a second threaded water pipe 13 are arranged in the water tank 10, and a third threaded water pipe 14 is arranged in the condensation box 11. The top end of the water tank 10 is fixedly connected with an air extraction pump 15. The air extraction end of the air extraction pump 15 is fixedly communicated with an air extraction pipe 16. The other end of the air extraction pipe 16 penetrates through the plugging cover 9. The exhaust end of the air extraction pump 15 is communicated with the first threaded water pipe 12. The other end of the first threaded water pipe 12 is fixedly communicated with a connecting pipe 17. The other end of the connecting pipe 17 is fixedly communicated with the third threaded water pipe 14.

[0022] The real-time monitoring mechanism 5 includes a condensate quantity monitoring component 51 for detecting the real-time condensate quantity and a condensate concentration monitoring component 52 for real-time detecting the condensate concentration. The condensate is the liquid after the water vapor generated during extraction is condensed. The condensate concentration monitoring component 52 includes a detection pipe 521 fixedly communicated with the other end of the third threaded water pipe 14. The detection pipe 521 penetrates through the bottom end of the condensation box 11. A detection cavity 522 is formed inside the detection pipe 521. A light-emitting plate 523 and a photoresistor plate 524 for receiving the light emitted by the light-emitting plate 523 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cavity 522. The positions on the inner wall of the detection cavity 522 in contact with the light-emitting plate 523 and the photoresistor plate 524 are made of transparent glass to ensure that light can smoothly pass through the condensate in the detection cavity 522. The photoresistor plate 524 is electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a concentration detection circuit.

[0023] The condensate quantity monitoring component 51 includes an inverted N-shaped sliding groove 511 formed on the inner wall of the detection tube 521. The inverted N-shaped sliding groove 511 communicates with the detection cavity 522. An inverted N-shaped sliding plate 512 is slidably connected in the inverted N-shaped sliding groove 511. One end of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate 512 located inside the detection tube 521 is fixedly connected to a water blocking plate 513. The bottom ends of the water blocking plate 513 and the inverted N-shaped sliding plate 512 are hermetically and slidably connected to the bottom end of the detection tube 521. A pressure sensor 514 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection tube 521. A connecting spring 515 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure sensor 514. The other end of the connecting spring 515 is fixedly connected to the water blocking plate 513. An air vent communicating with the detection cavity 522 is formed on the inner wall of the detection tube 521, and the air vent is within the coverage range of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate 512. The pressure sensor 514 is electrically connected to the PLC controller to form a liquid quantity detection circuit. A water outlet 516 is formed at the bottom end of the detection tube 521. An electromagnetic valve is arranged in the water outlet 516. The diameter of the water outlet 516 is smaller than the inner diameter of the detection tube 521. The electromagnetic valve is controlled by the PLC controller. An air vent communicating with the detection cavity 522 is formed on the inner wall of the detection tube 521, and the air vent is within the coverage range of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate 512, ensuring the pressure balance in the detection cavity and avoiding affecting the detection result due to pressure problems.

[0024] The real-time regulation mechanism 6 is used to adjust the heating power of the heating element 4 and the stirring heating rod 3 in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component 52 and the condensate quantity monitoring component 51. The real-time regulation mechanism 6 is also used to adjust the reflux ratio of the condensate in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component 52 and the condensate quantity monitoring component 51. The real-time regulation mechanism 6 includes a shunt box 61 fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the detection tube 521. A drain port 62 is formed on the outer wall of the shunt box 61. An adjustment cavity 63 is formed inside the shunt box 61. An electromagnet 64 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment cavity 63. A plastic spring 65 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electromagnet 64. The other end of the plastic spring 65 is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet plate 66, and the permanent magnet plate 66 is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet 64. The other end of the permanent magnet plate 66 is fixedly connected to a push rod 67. The push rod 67 hermetically and slidably penetrates through the side wall of the drain port 62. The other end of the push rod 67 is fixedly connected to a shunt plate 68, and the shunt plate 68 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drain port 62. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnet 64, the heating element 4, and the stirring heating rod 3 to form an adjustment circuit. A ventilation port is formed on the outer wall of the shunt box 61, and the ventilation port communicates with the adjustment cavity 63.

[0025] The outer wall of the extraction tank 1 is fixedly connected with a protective cover 69, and the detection pipe 521 penetrates through the top end of the protective cover 69. The inner bottom wall of the protective cover 69 is fixedly connected with a reflux collection box 610 and a discharge collection box 611. The outer wall of the shunt plate 68 is fixedly connected with two stretchable water collection pipes 612 with different lengths. The outer walls of the two water collection pipes 612 are respectively fixedly connected with the outer wall of the shunt box 61. The water outlet of the longer water collection pipe 612 is above the discharge collection box 611, and the water outlet of the shorter water collection pipe 612 is above the reflux collection box 610.

[0026] The inner bottom wall of the protective cover 69 is fixedly connected with a reflux water pump 613 and a discharge water pump 614. The water pumping end of the reflux water pump 613 is fixedly communicated with the inside of the reflux collection box 610. The output end of the reflux water pump 613 is communicated with the bottom end of the second threaded water pipe 13. The top end of the second threaded water pipe 13 extends into the extraction tank 1. The water pumping end of the discharge water pump 614 is communicated with the inside of the discharge collection box 611, and the water discharge end of the discharge water pump 614 is fixedly communicated with a concentration tank 18.

[0027] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: First, put the raw material to be extracted and water into the extraction tank 1 together (water is an excellent solvent, and many substances can dissolve in water. By mixing the raw material with water, the target components in the raw material can be dissolved in water, so as to realize the separation from other insoluble components). Start the motor 2, drive the stirring and heating rod 3 to rotate through the motor 2, and then start the heating element 4 on the stirring and heating rod 3 to work, heating and stirring the raw material and solvent in the extraction tank 1, which can accelerate the dissolution and extraction process of the effective components in the raw material; As the temperature in the extraction tank 1 rises, the water and effective components in the raw material will form water vapor. Then, start the air extraction pump 15, and extract the water vapor in the extraction tank 1 through the air extraction pipe 16. The extracted water vapor enters the first threaded water pipe 12 in the water tank 10. The design of the first threaded water pipe 12 increases the flow path and time of the water vapor, enables it to fully exchange heat with the water in the water tank 10, and is preliminarily cooled. Then, the water vapor enters the third threaded water pipe 14 in the condensation box 11 through the connecting pipe 17. The refrigerating element in the condensation box 11 makes the water temperature in the box relatively low. The water vapor is further cooled in the third threaded water pipe 14, and finally condenses into a liquid, then flows into the detection pipe 521, and then flows into the shunt box 61 for shunting.

[0028] The condensed liquid flows through the detection tube 521. Initially, the solenoid valve is closed. When the condensed liquid accumulates to half of the detection tube 521 (the specific detection method is as follows), the solenoid valve is opened through the PLC controller, allowing the condensed liquid to flow out slowly. However, a part of the liquid will always remain in the detection tube 521. When the condensed liquid accumulates in the detection tube 521, it will push the water baffle 513 to move. The water baffle 513 is connected to the inverted-N sliding plate 512, and they will slide in the inverted-N sliding groove 511. The movement of the water baffle 513 will stretch the connecting spring 515, thus changing the pressure received by the pressure sensor 514. The pressure sensor 514 converts the pressure change signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the PLC controller. Through the corresponding relationship between the pressure change and the amount of condensed liquid, the PLC controller can monitor the amount of condensed liquid in real time; In the detection chamber 522 of the detection tube 521, the light-emitting plate 523 emits light, and the photoresistive plate 524 receives the light. When the condensed liquid flows through the detection chamber 522, due to the different absorption and scattering degrees of light by condensed liquid with different concentrations, the light intensity received by the photoresistive plate 524 will change, and its resistance value will also change accordingly. The PLC controller calculates the concentration of the condensed liquid based on the change in the resistance value of the photoresistive plate 524.

[0029] Adaptive adjustment of the reflux ratio Extraction initial stage: In the initial stage of extraction, when the material just comes into contact with the solvent, heating promotes a large amount of solvent evaporation, and the amount of condensed liquid increases rapidly. In the detection tube 521, the increase in the condensed liquid causes the pressure on the water baffle 513 to increase. This pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 514 through the connecting spring 515, resulting in a significant increase in the electrical signal output by the pressure sensor 514. After receiving this enhanced signal, the PLC controller reduces the current applied to the electromagnet 64, reducing the magnetism of the electromagnet 64. Through the elastic force of the plastic spring 65, the permanent magnet plate 66 drives the push rod 67 to push the flow dividing plate 68 to move away from the long water collecting pipe 612, changing the flow direction of the condensed liquid in the flow dividing box 61, significantly increasing the amount of condensed liquid flowing into the reflux collecting box 610, significantly increasing the reflux ratio, enabling the solvent to circulate rapidly, accelerating the mixing of the material and the solvent, and promoting the dissolution of the active ingredients; At this time, the concentration of the condensed liquid is relatively low, and more light emitted by the light-emitting plate 523 is received by the photoresistor. Therefore, the resistance value of the photoresistor is relatively small at this time. The PLC controller controls the electromagnet 64 to adjust the position of the flow dividing plate 68 according to this resistance value change signal, guiding more condensed liquid to flow into the reflux collecting box 610, further increasing the reflux ratio, increasing the contact opportunity between the solvent and the material, and accelerating the extraction process.

[0030] Mid-stage of extraction: As the extraction progresses, the system gradually stabilizes and the amount of condensate approaches a stable state. The electrical signal output by the pressure sensor 514 has a small fluctuation, and the PLC controller maintains the current of the electromagnet 64 stable, so that the position of the diverter plate 68 remains relatively fixed, and the reflux ratio is maintained at a stable and appropriate value, ensuring that the extraction process continues to proceed efficiently; If the concentration of the condensate rises normally within the expected range, the PLC controller does not make additional adjustments. If the concentration rises too slowly, indicating that the extraction efficiency may be insufficient, the controller increases the current of the electromagnet 64, increases the reflux ratio, promotes more complete contact between the material and the solvent, and accelerates the dissolution of the effective ingredients. If the concentration rises too quickly, there may be a risk of over-extraction. The controller reduces the current of the electromagnet 64 and reduces the reflux ratio to prevent excessive dissolution of impurities and ensure the quality of the extract.

[0031] Late stage of extraction: most of the effective ingredients in the material have been extracted, the amount of water vapor decreases, the amount of condensate decreases accordingly, the output electrical signal of the pressure sensor 514 weakens, the PLC controller increases the current of the electromagnet 64, the magnetism of the electromagnet 64 increases, and then the permanent magnetic plate 66 is adsorbed, so that the diverter plate 68 moves toward the short water collecting pipe 612, reducing the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box 610 and reducing the reflux ratio. At this time, appropriately reducing the reflux ratio is helpful to concentrate the extract and increase the product concentration; The concentration of the condensate reaches a relatively high level and tends to be stable. If the concentration continues to rise, there may be a risk of over-concentration. The PLC controller increases the current of electromagnet 64 and reduces the reflux ratio to prevent the effective ingredients from crystallizing or decomposing due to over-concentration. If the concentration begins to decrease, it may be that the effective ingredients in the material have been basically extracted. The controller maintains the current low reflux ratio to ensure a smooth end to the extraction process.

[0032] Adaptive adjustment of heating temperature Early stage of extraction: At the beginning of extraction, a large amount of water vapor is generated, the amount of condensate is large, and the output electric signal of the pressure sensor 514 increases. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller controls the heating power of the stirring heating rod 3 and the heating element 4 to increase rapidly, so that the material and the solvent are heated quickly, the diffusion of the effective ingredients from the material to the solvent is accelerated, the extraction speed is increased, and an efficient extraction environment is established as soon as possible; Influence of condensate concentration: Due to the low concentration of the condensate in the early stage, the PLC controller determines that the effective ingredients in the material are not fully extracted, and further increases the heating power, enhances the molecular thermal motion, promotes the interaction between the material and the solvent, accelerates the dissolution of the effective ingredients, and increases the concentration of the condensate.

[0033] Mid-extraction period: the amount of condensate tends to be stable, and the output electrical signal of the pressure sensor 514 is stable. The PLC controller maintains the current heating power of the stirring heating rod 3 and the heating element 4, ensuring that the extraction process continues under a stable temperature environment, ensuring the stable dissolution of the effective ingredients, and maintaining the balance between extraction efficiency and quality; If the concentration of the condensate rises normally, maintain the current heating power. If the concentration rises slowly, the PLC controller appropriately increases the heating power to accelerate the molecular diffusion rate and promote extraction. If the concentration rises too fast, appropriately reduce the heating power to prevent the decomposition of active ingredients or excessive dissolution of impurities due to too high temperature.

[0034] In the later stage of extraction: the amount of condensate decreases, and the electrical signal output by the pressure sensor 514 weakens. The PLC controller controls the heating power to decrease, avoiding waste of energy caused by overheating, and at the same time preventing the damage to the extracted active ingredients caused by too high temperature, ensuring a smooth end of the extraction process; When the concentration of the condensate is relatively high and tends to be stable, if the high heating power continues to be maintained, it may cause excessive evaporation or decomposition of the active ingredients. The PLC controller reduces the heating power to maintain an appropriate temperature, ensuring the product quality. At the same time, the temperature can be finely adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that as much as possible of the remaining small amount of active ingredients is extracted.

[0035] The condensate flowing into the reflux collection box 610 will be discharged into the second threaded water pipe 13 by the reflux water pump 613. After entering the second threaded water pipe 13, since the water in the water tank 10 cools the water vapor first and has a certain temperature, the condensed liquid is preheated by the water in the water tank 10 and then enters the extraction tank 1 to continue to participate in the extraction process. When the preheated liquid enters the extraction tank 1 again to participate in the extraction process, it can interact with the target components in the raw materials faster.

[0036] The condensed liquid flowing into the discharge collection box 611 is transported to the concentration tank 18 by the discharge water pump 614 for further concentration.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit, characterized in that, Including: An extraction tank (1), the bottom end of the extraction tank (1) is fixedly connected with a motor (2), the output end of the motor (2) is fixedly connected with a stirring and heating rod (3), and a heating element (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod (3); A real-time monitoring mechanism (5), the real-time monitoring mechanism (5) includes a condensate volume monitoring component (51) for detecting the real-time condensate volume and a condensate concentration monitoring component (52) for detecting the real-time condensate concentration, and the condensate is the liquid after the water vapor generated during extraction is condensed; A real-time regulation mechanism (6), the real-time regulation mechanism (6) is used to adjust the heating power of the heating element (4) and the stirring and heating rod (3) in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component (52) and the condensate volume monitoring component (51), and the real-time regulation mechanism (6) is also used to adjust the reflux ratio of the condensate in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component (52) and the condensate volume monitoring component (51).

2. The automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of lifting ports (7) arranged in a circumferential array are fixedly opened at the top end of the extraction tank (1), an electric telescopic rod (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting port (7), the top end of the electric telescopic rod (8) is fixedly connected with a sealing cover (9) for sealing the top of the extraction tank (1), and a plurality of support legs are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extraction tank (1).

3. The automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the extraction tank (1) is fixedly connected with a water tank (10) and a condensation tank (11) in sequence from top to bottom. Both the water tank (10) and the condensation tank (11) are filled with water. A refrigeration element is arranged in the condensation tank (11). A first threaded water pipe (12) and a second threaded water pipe (13) are arranged in the water tank (10). A third threaded water pipe (14) is arranged in the condensation tank (11). A gas pump (15) is fixedly connected to the top end of the water tank (10). The air extraction end of the gas pump (15) is fixedly communicated with an air extraction pipe (16). The other end of the air extraction pipe (16) penetrates through the sealing cover (9). The exhaust end of the gas pump (15) is communicated with the first threaded water pipe (12). The other end of the first threaded water pipe (12) is fixedly communicated with a connecting pipe (17). The other end of the connecting pipe (17) is fixedly communicated with the third threaded water pipe (14).

4. An automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The condensate concentration monitoring component (52) includes a detection pipe (521) fixedly communicated with the other end of the third threaded water pipe (14), and the detection pipe (521) penetrates through the bottom end of the condensation tank (11). A detection cavity (522) is formed inside the detection pipe (521). A light-emitting plate (523) and a photoresistive plate (524) for receiving the light emitted by the light-emitting plate (523) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection cavity (522). The positions where the inner wall of the detection cavity (522) contacts the light-emitting plate (523) and the photoresistive plate (524) are made of transparent glass. The photoresistive plate (524) is electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a concentration detection circuit.

5. An automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The condensate volume monitoring component (51) includes an inverted N-shaped sliding groove (511) formed on the inner wall of the detection tube (521). The inverted N-shaped sliding groove (511) communicates with the detection cavity (522). An inverted N-shaped sliding plate (512) is slidably connected in the inverted N-shaped sliding groove (511). One end of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate (512) located inside the detection tube (521) is fixedly connected with a water baffle (513). The bottom ends of the water baffle (513) and the inverted N-shaped sliding plate (512) are hermetically and slidably connected to the bottom end of the detection tube (521). A pressure sensor (514) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection tube (521). A connecting spring (515) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure sensor (514). The other end of the connecting spring (515) is fixedly connected with the water baffle (513). An air vent communicating with the detection cavity (522) is formed on the inner wall of the detection tube (521), and the air vent is within the coverage range of the inverted N-shaped sliding plate (512). The pressure sensor (514) is electrically connected to the PLC controller to form a liquid volume detection circuit. A water outlet (516) is formed at the bottom end of the detection tube (521), and a solenoid valve is arranged in the water outlet (516).

6. An automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 4, characterized in that The real-time regulation mechanism (6) includes a shunt box (61) fixedly and communicatively connected to the bottom end of the detection tube (521). A drain port (62) is formed on the outer wall of the shunt box (61). An adjustment cavity (63) is formed inside the shunt box (61). An electromagnet (64) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment cavity (63). A plastic spring (65) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electromagnet (64). The other end of the plastic spring (65) is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet plate (66), and the permanent magnet plate (66) is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet (64). The other end of the permanent magnet plate (66) is fixedly connected with a push rod (67). The push rod (67) hermetically and slidably penetrates through the side wall of the drain port (62). The other end of the push rod (67) is fixedly connected with a shunt plate (68), and the shunt plate (68) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drain port (62). The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnet (64), the heating element (4), and the stirring heating rod (3) to form an adjustment circuit. A ventilation port is formed on the outer wall of the shunt box (61), and the ventilation port communicates with the adjustment cavity (63).

7. An automatic liquid extraction and concentration heat reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, A protective cover (69) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extraction box (1), and the detection tube (521) penetrates through the top end of the protective cover (69). A reflux collection box (610) and a discharge collection box (611) are fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective cover (69). Two stretchable water collecting pipes (612) with different lengths are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shunt plate (68). The outer walls of the two water collecting pipes (612) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shunt box (61). The water outlet of the longer water collecting pipe (612) is above the discharge collection box (611), and the water outlet of the shorter water collecting pipe (612) is above the reflux collection box (610).

8. An automatic liquid-lifting and concentrating hot reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner bottom wall of the protective cover (69) is fixedly connected with a reflux water pump (613) and a discharge water pump (614). The water pumping end of the reflux water pump (613) is fixedly communicated with the inside of the reflux collection box (610). The output end of the reflux water pump (613) is communicated with the bottom end of the second threaded water pipe (13). The top end of the second threaded water pipe (13) extends into the extraction box (1). The water pumping end of the discharge water pump (614) is communicated with the inside of the discharge collection box (611). The drainage end of the discharge water pump (614) is fixedly communicated with a concentration tank (18).

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