An automatic liquid concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of extraction and concentration units, and specifically to an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, comprising: an extraction box, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a stirring and heating rod, and the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod is fixedly connected to a heating element. A real-time monitoring mechanism is provided, wherein a condensate amount monitoring component monitors the pressure change on the water baffle when condensate accumulates in the detection tube through a pressure sensor, converts the pressure change signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to a PLC controller, thereby monitoring the amount of condensate in real time; the condensate concentration monitoring component calculates the concentration of the condensate through a light-emitting board and a photoresistor board according to the different degrees of light absorption and scattering of condensate of different concentrations, resulting in changes in the resistance value of the photoresistor board, and the real-time control mechanism is electrically connected to the PLC controller, the heating element, and the stirring and heating rod to form a regulation loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extraction and concentration units, and in particular to an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit. Background Art

[0002] As a chemical equipment widely used in food, pharmaceutical, chemical and other fields, the extraction and concentration unit has the main function of extracting and concentrating valuable components from various materials. The unit is generally composed of an extraction part and a concentration part, and goes through two key steps to achieve the extraction and concentration of the target substance. For example, the application number CN202311006412.1 discloses a self-controlled multifunctional hot reflux extraction and concentration unit.

[0003] In the process of hot reflux extraction, adjusting the heating temperature and reflux ratio is of great significance. The heating temperature directly affects the rate of molecular thermal motion. The appropriate temperature can accelerate the diffusion of effective ingredients in the raw materials to the solvent and improve the extraction speed. However, too high a temperature can easily cause the decomposition of the components, and too low a temperature will result in low extraction efficiency. The reflux ratio is related to the recycling of the solvent and the degree of contact between the material and the solvent. The appropriate reflux ratio can promote the full dissolution of the effective ingredients. However, the existing hot reflux extraction and concentration units are usually adjusted according to the preset heating value and reflux ratio during the extraction process. The heating temperature and reflux ratio cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the liquid volume and concentration of the condensed water vapor during the extraction process. This makes it impossible to accurately match the optimal process conditions when facing changes in different extraction stages, resulting in low extraction efficiency and unstable extract quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing technology cannot adaptively adjust the heating temperature and reflux ratio according to the liquid volume and concentration of condensed water vapor in the extraction process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, comprising:

[0007] An extraction box, wherein the bottom end of the extraction box is fixedly connected to a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a stirring and heating rod, and the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod is fixedly connected to a heating element;

[0008] A real-time monitoring mechanism, comprising a condensate amount monitoring component for detecting the real-time condensate amount and a condensate concentration monitoring component for detecting the real-time condensate concentration, wherein the condensate is the liquid condensed from the water vapor generated during the extraction;

[0009] A real-time control mechanism is used to adjust the heating power of the heating element and the stirring heating rod in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component and the condensate quantity monitoring component. The real-time control mechanism is also used to adjust the reflux ratio of the condensate in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component and the condensate quantity monitoring component.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the extraction box is fixedly provided with a plurality of lifting openings arranged in a circumferential array, the inner wall of the lifting opening is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod, the top of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a blocking cover for blocking the top of the extraction box, and the bottom end of the extraction box is fixedly connected with a plurality of supporting legs.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the extraction box is fixedly connected with a water tank and a condensing box in sequence from top to bottom, the water tank and the condensing box are both filled with water, a refrigeration component is provided in the condensing box, a first threaded water pipe and a second threaded water pipe are provided in the water tank, a third threaded water pipe is provided in the condensing box, the top of the water tank is fixedly connected with an air pump, the air suction end of the air suction pump is fixedly connected with an air suction pipe, the other end of the air suction pipe passes through the sealing cover, the exhaust end of the air suction pump is connected with the first threaded water pipe, the other end of the first threaded water pipe is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the third threaded water pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the condensate concentration monitoring component includes a detection tube fixedly connected to the other end of the third threaded water pipe, and the detection tube passes through the bottom end of the condensation box. A detection cavity is opened inside the detection tube, and the inner wall of the detection cavity is fixedly connected to a light-emitting board and a photoresistor board for receiving light emitted by the light-emitting board. The position where the inner wall of the detection cavity contacts the light-emitting board and the photoresistor board is transparent glass. The photoresistor board is electrically connected to the PLC controller to form a concentration detection circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the condensate amount monitoring component includes an inverted N sliding groove opened on the inner wall of the detection tube, the inverted N sliding groove is connected to the detection cavity, an inverted N sliding plate is slidably connected in the inverted N sliding groove, one end of the inverted N sliding plate in the detection tube is fixedly connected to a water baffle, the bottom ends of the water baffle and the inverted N sliding plate are both airtightly slidably connected to the bottom end of the detection tube, a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection tube, a connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure sensor, the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the water baffle, an air vent connected to the detection cavity is opened on the inner wall of the detection tube, and the air vent is within the coverage range of the inverted N sliding plate, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the PLC controller and forms a liquid amount detection circuit, a water outlet is opened at the bottom end of the detection tube, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the water outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the real-time control mechanism includes a diverter box fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection tube, the outer wall of the diverter box is provided with a drain outlet, the interior of the diverter box is provided with an adjustment chamber, the inner wall of the adjustment chamber is fixedly connected with an electromagnet, the outer wall of the electromagnet is fixedly connected with a plastic spring, the other end of the plastic spring is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet plate, and the permanent magnet plate and the electromagnet are magnetically attracted, the other end of the permanent magnet plate is fixedly connected with a push rod, the push rod slides airtightly through the side wall of the drain outlet, the other end of the push rod is fixedly connected with a diverter plate, and the diverter plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drain outlet, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnet, the heating element, and the stirring heating rod to form a regulation loop, the outer wall of the diverter box is provided with a vent, and the vent is communicated with the adjustment chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the extraction box is fixedly connected to a protective cover, and the detection tube passes through the top of the protective cover, the inner bottom wall of the protective cover is fixedly connected to a reflux collection box and a discharge collection box, the outer wall of the diversion plate is fixedly connected to two stretchable water collecting pipes of different lengths, the outer walls of the two water collecting pipes are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls of the diversion boxes, the water outlet of the longer water collecting pipe is above the discharge collection box, and the water outlet of the shorter water collecting pipe is above the reflux collection box.

[0016] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the protective cover is fixedly connected with a reflux water pump and a discharge water pump, the pumping end of the reflux water pump is fixedly connected to the inside of the reflux collection box, the output end of the reflux water pump is connected to the bottom end of the second threaded water pipe, the top end of the second threaded water pipe extends to the inside of the extraction box, the pumping end of the discharge water pump is connected to the inside of the discharge collection box, and the drainage end of the discharge water pump is fixedly connected to a concentration tank.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] A real-time monitoring mechanism is set up, in which the condensate amount monitoring component monitors the pressure changes on the water baffle caused by the accumulation of condensate in the detection tube through a pressure sensor, and converts the pressure change signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the PLC controller, so as to monitor the amount of condensate in real time; the condensate concentration monitoring component calculates the concentration of the condensate through the light-emitting board and the photoresistor board according to the different degrees of light absorption and scattering of condensate of different concentrations, which causes the resistance value of the photoresistor board to change. The real-time control mechanism is electrically connected to the PLC controller, the heating element, and the stirring heating rod to form a regulation loop. The PLC controller controls the heating power of the stirring heating rod and the heating element according to the changes in the amount and concentration of condensate in different extraction stages (early, middle, and late stages). For example, if the amount of condensate is large and the concentration is low in the early stage of extraction, the heating power is rapidly increased; in the middle stage, it is appropriately adjusted according to the concentration change; in the late stage, when the amount of condensate is reduced and the concentration is high, the heating power is reduced.

[0019] Similarly, with the help of a real-time monitoring mechanism, information on the amount and concentration of the condensate is obtained. An electromagnet, a plastic spring, a permanent magnet plate, a push rod, a diverter plate and other components are set in the diverter box in the real-time control mechanism. The PLC controller controls the current flowing into the electromagnet according to the signals of the amount and concentration of the condensate in different extraction stages, changes the magnetism of the electromagnet, and thereby drives the push rod to move the diverter plate through the permanent magnet plate, changes the flow direction of the condensate in the diverter box, and realizes the adjustment of the reflux ratio. For example, in the early stage of extraction, the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box is increased to increase the reflux ratio; in the middle stage, a stable reflux ratio is maintained; in the later stage, the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box is reduced to reduce the reflux ratio. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the protective cover of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the diverter box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the detection tube of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1, extraction box; 2, motor; 3, stirring and heating rod; 4, heating element; 5, real-time monitoring mechanism; 51, condensate amount monitoring assembly; 511, inverted N sliding groove; 512, inverted N sliding plate; 513, water retaining plate; 514, pressure sensor; 515, connecting spring; 516, water outlet; 52, condensate concentration monitoring assembly; 521, detection tube; 522, detection chamber; 523, light-emitting plate; 524, photoresistor plate; 6, real-time control mechanism; 61, diverter box; 62, drain outlet; 63, regulating chamber; 64. Electromagnet; 65. Plastic spring; 66. Permanent magnet plate; 67. Push rod; 68. Diverter plate; 69. Protective cover; 610. Reflux collection box; 611. Discharge collection box; 612. Water collecting pipe; 613. Reflux water pump; 614. Discharge water pump; 7. Lifting port; 8. Electric telescopic rod; 9. Sealing cover; 10. Water tank; 11. Condensation tank; 12. First threaded water pipe; 13. Second threaded water pipe; 14. Third threaded water pipe; 15. Vacuum pump; 16. Vacuum pipe; 17. Connecting pipe; 18. Concentration tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0030] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 , an automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, comprising:

[0031] An extraction box 1, the bottom end of the extraction box 1 is fixedly connected to a motor 2, the output end of the motor 2 is fixedly connected to a stirring and heating rod 3, and the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod 3 is fixedly connected to a heating element 4;

[0032] The top of the extraction box 1 is fixed with multiple lifting openings 7 arranged in a circular array, the inner wall of the lifting opening 7 is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod 8, the top of the electric telescopic rod 8 is fixedly connected with a blocking cover 9 that blocks the top of the extraction box 1, and the bottom end of the extraction box 1 is fixedly connected with multiple supporting legs.

[0033] The outer wall of the extraction box 1 is fixedly connected with a water tank 10 and a condensation box 11 from top to bottom. Both the water tank 10 and the condensation box 11 are filled with water. A refrigeration component is provided in the condensation box 11. A first threaded water pipe 12 and a second threaded water pipe 13 are provided in the water tank 10. A third threaded water pipe 14 is provided in the condensation box 11. The top of the water tank 10 is fixedly connected to an air pump 15. The air extraction end of the air pump 15 is fixedly connected to an air extraction pipe 16. The other end of the air extraction pipe 16 passes through the sealing cover 9. The exhaust end of the air pump 15 is connected to the first threaded water pipe 12. The other end of the first threaded water pipe 12 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 17. The other end of the connecting pipe 17 is fixedly connected to the third threaded water pipe 14.

[0034] The real-time monitoring mechanism 5 includes a condensate amount monitoring component 51 for detecting the real-time condensate amount and a condensate concentration monitoring component 52 for detecting the real-time condensate concentration. The condensate is the liquid condensed from the water vapor generated during the extraction.

[0035] The condensate concentration monitoring assembly 52 includes a detection tube 521 fixedly connected to the other end of the third threaded water pipe 14, and the detection tube 521 passes through the bottom end of the condensate box 11. A detection cavity 522 is opened inside the detection tube 521. The inner wall of the detection cavity 522 is fixedly connected to a light-emitting board 523 and a photoresistor board 524 for receiving the light emitted by the light-emitting board 523. The position where the inner wall of the detection cavity 522 contacts the light-emitting board 523 and the photoresistor board 524 is transparent glass to ensure that light can smoothly pass through the condensate in the detection cavity 522. The photoresistor board 524 is electrically connected to the PLC controller to form a concentration detection circuit.

[0036] The condensate amount monitoring component 51 includes an inverted N sliding groove 511 opened on the inner wall of the detection tube 521, the inverted N sliding groove 511 is connected to the detection chamber 522, an inverted N sliding plate 512 is slidably connected in the inverted N sliding groove 511, one end of the inverted N sliding plate 512 in the detection tube 521 is fixedly connected to a water baffle 513, the bottom ends of the water baffle 513 and the inverted N sliding plate 512 are both airtightly slidably connected to the bottom end of the detection tube 521, the inner wall of the detection tube 521 is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor 514, the outer wall of the pressure sensor 514 is fixedly connected to a connecting spring 515, the other end of the connecting spring 515 is fixedly connected to the water baffle 513, and the detection tube 5 An air vent connected to the detection chamber 522 is provided on the inner wall of 21, and the air vent is within the coverage of the inverted N sliding plate 512. The pressure sensor 514 is electrically connected to the PLC controller to form a liquid quantity detection circuit. A water outlet 516 is provided at the bottom end of the detection tube 521, and an electromagnetic valve is provided in the water outlet 516. The diameter of the water outlet 516 is smaller than the inner diameter of the detection tube 521, wherein the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the PLC controller. An air vent connected to the detection chamber 522 is provided on the inner wall of the detection tube 521, and the air vent is within the coverage of the inverted N sliding plate 512, thereby ensuring the pressure balance in the detection chamber and avoiding the influence of pressure problems on the detection results.

[0037] Real-time control mechanism 6, which is used to adjust the heating power of the heating element 4 and the stirring heating rod 3 in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component 52 and the condensate amount monitoring component 51. The real-time control mechanism 6 is also used to adjust the reflux ratio of the condensate in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component 52 and the condensate amount monitoring component 51;

[0038] The real-time control mechanism 6 includes a diverter box 61 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection tube 521, a drain outlet 62 is provided on the outer wall of the diverter box 61, and an adjustment chamber 63 is provided inside the diverter box 61. The inner wall of the adjustment chamber 63 is fixedly connected to an electromagnet 64, and the outer wall of the electromagnet 64 is fixedly connected to a plastic spring 65. The other end of the plastic spring 65 is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet plate 66, and the permanent magnet plate 66 is magnetically attracted to the electromagnet 64. The other end of the permanent magnet plate 66 is fixedly connected to a push rod 67, and the push rod 67 slides airtightly through the side wall of the drain outlet 62. The other end of the push rod 67 is fixedly connected to a diverter plate 68, and the diverter plate 68 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drain outlet 62. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnet 64, the heating element 4, and the stirring heating rod 3 to form a regulation circuit. A vent is provided on the outer wall of the diverter box 61, and the vent is communicated with the adjustment chamber 63.

[0039] The outer wall of the extraction box 1 is fixedly connected to a protective cover 69, and the detection tube 521 passes through the top of the protective cover 69. The inner bottom wall of the protective cover 69 is fixedly connected to a reflux collection box 610 and a discharge collection box 611. The outer wall of the diverter plate 68 is fixedly connected to two stretchable water collecting pipes 612 of different lengths. The outer walls of the two water collecting pipes 612 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls of the diverter box 61. The water outlet of the longer water collecting pipe 612 is above the discharge collection box 611, and the water outlet of the shorter water collecting pipe 612 is above the reflux collection box 610.

[0040] The inner bottom wall of the protective cover 69 is fixedly connected with a reflux water pump 613 and a discharge water pump 614. The pumping end of the reflux water pump 613 is fixedly connected to the interior of the reflux collection box 610. The output end of the reflux water pump 613 is connected to the bottom end of the second threaded water pipe 13. The top end of the second threaded water pipe 13 extends to the interior of the extraction box 1. The pumping end of the discharge water pump 614 is connected to the interior of the discharge collection box 611. The drainage end of the discharge water pump 614 is fixedly connected to the concentration tank 18.

[0041] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0042] First, the raw material to be extracted is placed in an extraction tank 1 along with water (water is an excellent solvent, and many substances can be dissolved in water. By mixing the raw material with water, the target component in the raw material can be dissolved in the water, thereby achieving separation from other insoluble components). Then, the motor 2 is started, and the stirring and heating rod 3 is driven by the motor 2 to rotate. Then, the heating element 4 on the stirring and heating rod 3 is started to work, heating and stirring the raw material and solvent in the extraction tank 1. This can accelerate the dissolution and extraction process of the active ingredient in the raw material.

[0043] As the temperature in the extraction box 1 rises, the moisture and effective ingredients in the raw materials will form water vapor, and then the vacuum pump 15 is started, and the water vapor in the extraction box 1 is extracted through the vacuum pipe 16. The extracted water vapor enters the first threaded water pipe 12 in the water tank 10. The design of the first threaded water pipe 12 increases the flow path and time of the water vapor, so that it can fully exchange heat with the water in the water tank 10 and initially cool down. Then, the water vapor enters the third threaded water pipe 14 in the condensation box 11 through the connecting pipe 17. The refrigeration parts in the condensation box 11 make the water temperature in the box lower. The water vapor is further cooled in the third threaded water pipe 14 and finally condensed into liquid, and then flows into the detection tube 521, and then flows into the diversion box 61 for diversion.

[0044] The condensed liquid flows through the detection tube 521. Initially, the solenoid valve is closed. When the condensed liquid accumulates to half of the detection tube 521 (the specific detection method is as follows), the solenoid valve is opened by the PLC controller to allow the condensed liquid to flow out slowly. However, a portion of the condensed liquid will always remain in the detection tube 521. When the condensed liquid accumulates in the detection tube 521, it will push the water baffle 513 to move. The water baffle 513 is connected to the inverted N sliding plate 512, and they will slide in the inverted N sliding groove 511. The movement of the water baffle 513 will stretch the connecting spring 515, thereby changing the pressure on the pressure sensor 514. The pressure sensor 514 converts the pressure change signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the PLC controller. Through the corresponding relationship between the pressure change and the amount of condensed liquid, the PLC controller can monitor the amount of condensed liquid in real time.

[0045] In the detection chamber 522 within the detection tube 521, the light-emitting panel 523 emits light, and the photoresistor panel 524 receives the light. When the condensate flows through the detection chamber 522, the light intensity received by the photoresistor panel 524 changes due to the different concentrations of condensate absorbing and scattering light to different degrees. The resistance value of the photoresistor panel 524 also changes accordingly. The PLC controller calculates the concentration of the condensate based on the change in the resistance value of the photoresistor panel 524.

[0046] Adaptive adjustment of reflux ratio

[0047] Early stage of extraction: In the initial stage of extraction, the material and the solvent have just come into contact, and the heating causes a large amount of solvent to evaporate, and the amount of condensate increases rapidly. In the detection tube 521, the increase in condensate causes the water baffle 513 to bear increased pressure, and this pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 514 through the connecting spring 515, resulting in a significant increase in the electrical signal output by the pressure sensor 514. After receiving this enhanced signal, the PLC controller reduces the current passing through the electromagnet 64, so that the magnetism of the electromagnet 64 is reduced. Through the elastic force of the plastic spring 65, the permanent magnet plate 66 drives the push rod 67 to push the diverter plate 68 away from the long water collecting pipe 612, changing the flow direction of the condensate in the diverter box 61, greatly increasing the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box 610, and significantly improving the reflux ratio, so that the solvent circulates quickly, accelerates the mixing of the material and the solvent, and promotes the dissolution of the effective ingredients;

[0048] At this time, the concentration of the condensate is relatively low, and the light emitted by the light-emitting panel 523 is received more by the photoresistor. Therefore, the resistance of the photoresistor is smaller at this time. The PLC controller controls the electromagnet 64 to adjust the position of the diverter plate 68 according to the resistance value change signal, guiding more condensate to flow to the reflux collection box 610, further improving the reflux ratio, increasing the contact opportunity between the solvent and the material, and accelerating the extraction process.

[0049] Mid-extraction phase: As the extraction process progresses, the system gradually stabilizes, and the amount of condensate approaches a steady state. The electrical signal output by pressure sensor 514 fluctuates slightly, allowing the PLC controller to maintain a stable current in electromagnet 64, keeping the position of diverter plate 68 relatively fixed and the reflux ratio at a stable and appropriate value, ensuring a continuous and efficient extraction process.

[0050] If the concentration of the condensate rises normally within the expected range, the PLC controller does not make additional adjustments. If the concentration rises too slowly, indicating that the extraction efficiency may be insufficient, the controller increases the current of the electromagnet 64 and increases the reflux ratio to promote more complete contact between the material and the solvent and accelerate the dissolution of the effective ingredients. If the concentration rises too quickly, there may be a risk of over-extraction. The controller reduces the current of the electromagnet 64 and reduces the reflux ratio to prevent excessive dissolution of impurities and ensure the quality of the extract.

[0051] Late stage of extraction: Most of the active ingredients in the material have been extracted, the amount of water vapor decreases, and the amount of condensate decreases accordingly. The output electrical signal of the pressure sensor 514 weakens, and the PLC controller increases the current of the electromagnet 64, which strengthens the magnetism of the electromagnet 64, thereby attracting the permanent magnet plate 66 and moving the diverter plate 68 toward the short water collection pipe 612, reducing the amount of condensate flowing to the reflux collection box 610 and reducing the reflux ratio. At this time, appropriately reducing the reflux ratio helps to concentrate the extract and increase the product concentration.

[0052] The concentration of the condensate reaches a high level and tends to be stable. If the concentration continues to rise, there may be a risk of over-concentration. The PLC controller increases the current of electromagnet 64 and reduces the reflux ratio to prevent the active ingredients from crystallizing or decomposing due to over-concentration. If the concentration begins to decrease, it may be that the active ingredients in the material have been basically extracted. The controller maintains the current low reflux ratio to ensure a smooth end to the extraction process.

[0053] Adaptive adjustment of heating temperature

[0054] Early stage of extraction: At the beginning of extraction, a large amount of water vapor is generated, and the amount of condensate is large. The pressure sensor 514 outputs an increasing electrical signal. After receiving this signal, the PLC controller controls the stirring heating rod 3 and the heating element 4 to rapidly increase the heating power, so that the material and the solvent are heated quickly, accelerating the diffusion of the active ingredients from the material to the solvent, increasing the extraction speed, and establishing an efficient extraction environment as soon as possible;

[0055] Influence of condensate concentration: Due to the low concentration of the condensate in the early stage, the PLC controller determines that the effective ingredients in the material are not fully extracted, and further increases the heating power to enhance molecular thermal motion, promote the interaction between the material and the solvent, accelerate the dissolution of the effective ingredients, and increase the concentration of the condensate.

[0056] Mid-extraction phase: The condensate volume approaches a stable level, and the output signal from the pressure sensor 514 is stable. The PLC controller maintains the current heating power of the stirring heating rod 3 and the heating element 4, ensuring that the extraction process continues under a stable temperature environment, ensuring the stable dissolution of the active ingredients, and maintaining a balance between extraction efficiency and quality.

[0057] If the concentration of the condensate rises normally, the current heating power is maintained. If the concentration rises slowly, the PLC controller appropriately increases the heating power to accelerate the molecular diffusion rate and promote extraction. If the concentration rises too quickly, the heating power is appropriately reduced to prevent the decomposition of active ingredients or excessive dissolution of impurities due to excessive temperature.

[0058] Late stage of extraction: The amount of condensate decreases, and the output signal of pressure sensor 514 weakens. The PLC controller controls the heating power to reduce, avoiding energy waste caused by excessive heating, and preventing excessive temperature from damaging the extracted active ingredients, ensuring a smooth end to the extraction process;

[0059] When the condensate concentration is high and tends to be stable, continuing to maintain high heating power may cause excessive evaporation or decomposition of the active ingredients. The PLC controller reduces the heating power to maintain the appropriate temperature to ensure product quality. At the same time, the temperature can be fine-tuned according to actual conditions to ensure that the small amount of remaining active ingredients is extracted as much as possible.

[0060] The condensate entering the reflux collection box 610 will be discharged into the second threaded water pipe 13 by the reflux water pump 613. After entering the second threaded water pipe 13, since the water in the water tank 10 first cools the water vapor, it will have a certain temperature. Therefore, the condensed liquid is preheated by the water in the water tank 10, and then enters the extraction box 1 to continue to participate in the extraction process. When the preheated liquid enters the extraction box 1 again to participate in the extraction process, it can interact with the target components in the raw material more quickly.

[0061] The condensed liquid flowing into the discharge collection box 611 is transported by the discharge pump 614 to the concentration tank 18 for further concentration.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit, characterized in that: include: An extraction box (1), wherein the bottom end of the extraction box (1) is fixedly connected to a motor (2), the output end of the motor (2) is fixedly connected to a stirring and heating rod (3), and the outer wall of the stirring and heating rod (3) is fixedly connected to a heating element (4); A real-time monitoring mechanism (5), comprising a condensate amount monitoring component (51) for detecting the real-time amount of condensate, and a condensate concentration monitoring component (52) for detecting the real-time concentration of condensate, wherein the condensate is a liquid condensed from water vapor generated during extraction; A real-time control mechanism (6), the real-time control mechanism (6) is used to adjust the heating power of the heating element (4) and the stirring heating rod (3) in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component (52) and the condensate amount monitoring component (51), and the real-time control mechanism (6) is also used to adjust the reflux ratio of the condensate in real time according to the condensate concentration monitoring component (52) and the condensate amount monitoring component (51); The outer wall of the extraction box (1) is fixedly connected to a water tank (10) and a condensation box (11) in sequence from top to bottom. The water tank (10) and the condensation box (11) are both filled with water. A third threaded water pipe (14) is provided in the condensation box (11). The condensate concentration monitoring component (52) includes a detection tube (521) fixedly connected to the other end of the third threaded water pipe (14), and the detection tube (521) passes through the bottom end of the condensation box (11). A detection cavity (522) is provided inside the detection tube (521). The inner wall of the detection cavity (522) is fixedly connected to a light-emitting board (523) and a photoresistor board (524) for receiving light emitted by the light-emitting board (523). The position where the inner wall of the detection cavity (522) contacts the light-emitting board (523) and the photoresistor board (524) is transparent glass. The photoresistor board (524) is electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a concentration detection circuit. The condensate amount monitoring component (51) includes an inverted N sliding groove (511) opened on the inner wall of the detection tube (521), the inverted N sliding groove (511) is connected to the detection chamber (522), an inverted N sliding plate (512) is slidably connected in the inverted N sliding groove (511), one end of the inverted N sliding plate (512) in the detection tube (521) is fixedly connected to a water baffle (513), the bottom ends of the water baffle (513) and the inverted N sliding plate (512) are both airtightly slidably connected to the bottom end of the detection tube (521), and the inner wall of the detection tube (521) is fixedly connected to a pressure relief plate (513). A sensor (514), wherein the outer wall of the pressure sensor (514) is fixedly connected to a connecting spring (515), the other end of the connecting spring (515) is fixedly connected to the water baffle (513), the inner wall of the detection tube (521) is provided with a vent connected to the detection cavity (522), and the vent is within the coverage of the inverted N sliding plate (512), the pressure sensor (514) is electrically connected to the PLC controller and forms a liquid quantity detection circuit, the bottom end of the detection tube (521) is provided with a water outlet (516), and a solenoid valve is provided in the water outlet (516); The real-time control mechanism (6) includes a diversion box (61) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection tube (521), the outer wall of the diversion box (61) is provided with a drain port (62), the interior of the diversion box (61) is provided with a regulating chamber (63), the inner wall of the regulating chamber (63) is fixedly connected to an electromagnet (64), the outer wall of the electromagnet (64) is fixedly connected to a plastic spring (65), the other end of the plastic spring (65) is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet plate (66), and the permanent magnet plate (66) and the electromagnet (64) are magnetically connected. The other end of the permanent magnet plate (66) is fixedly connected to a push rod (67), and the push rod (67) slides airtightly through the side wall of the drain outlet (62). The other end of the push rod (67) is fixedly connected to a diverter plate (68), and the diverter plate (68) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drain outlet (62). The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnet (64), the heating element (4), and the stirring heating rod (3) to form a regulating circuit. A vent is provided on the outer wall of the diverter box (61), and the vent is communicated with the regulating chamber (63).

2. The automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the extraction box (1) is fixedly provided with a plurality of lifting openings (7) arranged in a circumferential array, the inner wall of the lifting opening (7) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (8), the top of the electric telescopic rod (8) is fixedly connected to a blocking cover (9) for blocking the top of the extraction box (1), and the bottom of the extraction box (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of supporting legs.

3. The automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A refrigeration component is provided in the condensing box (11), and a first threaded water pipe (12) and a second threaded water pipe (13) are provided in the water tank (10). The top of the water tank (10) is fixedly connected to an air pump (15), and the air extraction end of the air extraction pump (15) is fixedly connected to an air extraction pipe (16). The other end of the air extraction pipe (16) passes through the blocking cover (9). The exhaust end of the air extraction pump (15) is connected to the first threaded water pipe (12), and the other end of the first threaded water pipe (12) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (17). The other end of the connecting pipe (17) is fixedly connected to the third threaded water pipe (14).

4. The automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the extraction box (1) is fixedly connected to a protective cover (69), and the detection tube (521) passes through the top of the protective cover (69). The inner bottom wall of the protective cover (69) is fixedly connected to a reflux collection box (610) and a discharge collection box (611). The outer wall of the diverter plate (68) is fixedly connected to two stretchable water collecting pipes (612) of different lengths. The outer walls of the two water collecting pipes (612) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the diverter box (61). The water outlet of the longer water collecting pipe (612) is located above the discharge collection box (611), and the water outlet of the shorter water collecting pipe (612) is located above the reflux collection box (610).

5. The automatic liquid extraction and concentration hot reflux extraction and concentration unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the protective cover (69) is fixedly connected to a reflux pump (613) and a discharge pump (614); the pumping end of the reflux pump (613) is fixedly connected to the interior of the reflux collection box (610); the output end of the reflux pump (613) is connected to the bottom end of the second threaded water pipe (13); the top end of the second threaded water pipe (13) extends to the interior of the extraction box (1); the pumping end of the discharge pump (614) is connected to the interior of the discharge collection box (611); and the drainage end of the discharge pump (614) is fixedly connected to the concentration tank (18).

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