System for capturing carbon in blast furnace gas, preparing molecular sieve from blast furnace slag and curing carbon

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon emission reduction and utilization, and particularly relates to a blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system. A vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide trapping device; a blast furnace slag leaching device; the molecular sieve preparation device is used for preparing a molecular sieve; the carbon dioxide curing device is used for absorbing and fixing carbon dioxide; a molecular sieve filling cavity and a vacuumizing device are arranged in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide trapping device, and the molecular sieve filling cavity is filled with a molecular sieve prepared by the molecular sieve preparation device. The molecular sieve is used for adsorbing carbon dioxide and vacuumizing to realize carbon dioxide desorption, the molecular sieve is prepared from slag through the molecular sieve preparation device, and the desorbed carbon dioxide and blast furnace slag-based calcium hydroxide are converted into calcium carbonate, so that waste is treated by waste, carbon capture and conversion in a blast furnace system are realized, and a high-value product calcium carbonate is generated; stockpiling of solid waste is effectively reduced, and the pressure of carbon emission of iron and steel enterprises is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon emission reduction and utilization, and particularly relates to carbon capture from blast furnace gas, preparation of molecular sieve from blast furnace slag, and carbon solidification system. Background Art

[0002] The iron and steel industry is the second largest energy consumer and carbon dioxide emitter after the power industry. The carbon emissions of the iron and steel industry are about 1.8 billion tons / year, accounting for 15% of the total national carbon emissions. The carbon emissions of the blast furnace process in the iron and steel industry account for about 2 / 3 of the total carbon emissions of the iron and steel industry. The carbon dioxide content in blast furnace gas accounts for about 90% of this process, which is the core and difficulty of carbon emission reduction.

[0003] Currently, the common carbon emission reduction technologies generally have high energy consumption, high cost, and the carbon dioxide utilization pathways cannot be deeply matched with the existing production processes. The carbon emission reduction technology and the blast furnace production system in the iron and steel industry need to be further deeply integrated. The iron and steel industry urgently needs carbon emission reduction technologies with lower energy consumption and cost.

[0004] The iron and steel production process is complex, with a lot of surplus pressure, waste heat and solid waste resources. Among them, the carbon dioxide in the blast furnace gas components generated in blast furnace production is about 20 - 25%, and there is a surplus pressure condition of 0.1 - 0.25 MPa; the solid waste resource blast furnace slag generated in blast furnace production has a complex composition, including 40 - 50% CaO, 30 - 40% SiO2, 10 - 15% Al2O3, a small amount of MgO and Fe2O3, etc.; the traditional blast furnace slag does not effectively utilize silicon and aluminum elements. Therefore, a carbon capture from blast furnace gas, preparation of molecular sieve from blast furnace slag, and carbon solidification system is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon capture from blast furnace gas, preparation of molecular sieve from blast furnace slag, and carbon solidification system to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A carbon capture from blast furnace gas, preparation of molecular sieve from blast furnace slag, and carbon solidification system, comprising:

[0008] A blast furnace, which is provided with a gas outlet and a slag outlet;

[0009] A vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device, the intake end of which is connected to the gas outlet of the blast furnace through a dust removal mechanism. The vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device has a carbon dioxide outlet and a gas outlet, and the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device is connected to an energy recovery component;

[0010] A blast furnace slag leaching device, the feeding end of which is connected to the slag outlet of the blast furnace through a crushing mechanism. The blast furnace slag leaching device has an upper layer liquid outlet and a lower layer solid outlet;

[0011] A molecular sieve preparation device, the feed end of which is connected to the lower-layer solid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device, and is used for preparing molecular sieves;

[0012] A carbon dioxide solidification device, the feed end of which is connected to the upper-layer liquid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device through a pH adjustment mechanism, the gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide solidification device is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device, and the carbon dioxide solidification device is used for absorbing and fixing carbon dioxide;

[0013] A molecular sieve is provided in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device and a vacuum pumping device, and the molecular sieve prepared by the molecular sieve preparation device is filled into the molecular sieve filling cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the dust removal mechanism includes a gravity dust removal device, the gas inlet end of the gravity dust removal device is connected to the gas outlet of the blast furnace, and the gas outlet end of the gravity dust removal device is connected to the gas inlet end of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device.

[0015] Optionally, the dust removal mechanism further includes a bag dust removal device, the gas inlet end of the bag dust removal device is connected to the gas outlet end of the gravity dust removal device, and the gas outlet end of the bag dust removal device is connected to the gas inlet end of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device.

[0016] Optionally, the crushing mechanism includes a blast furnace slag crushing mechanism, the feed end of the blast furnace slag crushing mechanism is connected to the slag outlet of the blast furnace, and the discharge end of the blast furnace slag crushing mechanism is connected to the feed end of the blast furnace slag leaching device.

[0017] Optionally, the pH adjustment mechanism includes a pH adjustment device, the liquid inlet end of the pH adjustment device is connected to the upper-layer liquid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device, and the pH adjustment device reacts with the upper-layer liquid by injecting sodium hydroxide to obtain a calcium hydroxide solution.

[0018] Optionally, the energy recovery component includes:

[0019] A power generation device, the gas inlet end of which is connected to the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device;

[0020] A gas storage part, the gas inlet end of which is connected to the gas outlet end of the power generation device.

[0021] Optionally, the power generation device includes:

[0022] A blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device, the gas inlet end of which is connected to the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device, and the gas outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device is connected to the gas inlet end of the gas storage part;

[0023] The gas pressure regulating part is arranged in parallel with the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device and is used for regulating the gas pressure entering the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device.

[0024] Optionally, the gas pressure regulating part includes a pressure regulating device, the pressure regulating device is a pressure regulating valve, the gas inlet end of the pressure regulating device and the gas inlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device are simultaneously communicated with the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device through pipelines, and the gas outlet end of the pressure regulating device and the gas outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device are simultaneously communicated with the gas inlet end of the gas storage part through pipelines. The opening degree of the pressure regulating device is adjusted to adjust the gas pressure entering the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device.

[0025] Optionally, the gas storage part includes a gas holder, and the gas inlet end of the gas holder is communicated with the gas outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device;

[0026] The gas inlet end of the gas holder is communicated with the gas outlet end of the pressure regulating device.

[0027] Optionally, a carbon dioxide delivery regulating valve for regulating the carbon dioxide input pressure is communicated between the carbon dioxide solidification device and the carbon dioxide outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0029] During use, the gas and carbon dioxide generated by the blast furnace are subjected to carbon dioxide absorption and capture by the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device. Through the molecular sieve filling cavity arranged inside, the molecular sieve is used to absorb carbon dioxide. The remaining gas recovers heat energy and electric energy through the energy recovery component to reduce energy consumption. The blast furnace slag generated by the blast furnace is crushed and then enters the blast furnace slag leaching device. An upper layer liquid and a slag material rich in components such as silicon, aluminum, and calcium are generated in the blast furnace slag leaching device. The slag material is prepared into molecular sieve by the molecular sieve preparation device and filled into the molecular sieve filling cavity in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device for carbon dioxide adsorption, realizing waste treatment with waste. At the same time, the remaining high-concentration calcium ions in the upper layer liquid and the enriched carbon dioxide undergo a mineralization reaction to generate high-purity calcium carbonate, realizing the carbon reduction and carbon fixation cycle. Description of the Drawings

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Among them, 1 is a vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device; 2 is a blast furnace slag crushing mechanism; 3 is a blast furnace slag leaching device; 4 is a molecular sieve preparation device; 5 is a carbon dioxide solidification device; 6 is a bag dust collector; 7 is a pressure regulating device; 8 is a blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device; 9 is a blast furnace; 10 is a gravity dust collector; 11 is a gas holder. Specific embodiments

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 , the present invention discloses a blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag molecular sieve preparation, and carbon solidification system, including:

[0036] A blast furnace 9, which is provided with a gas outlet and a slag outlet;

[0037] A vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1, the intake end of which is connected to the gas outlet of the blast furnace 9 through a dust removal mechanism. The vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 has a carbon dioxide outlet and a gas outlet, and the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 is connected to an energy recovery component;

[0038] A blast furnace slag leaching device 3, the feeding end of which is connected to the slag outlet of the blast furnace 9 through a crushing mechanism. The blast furnace slag leaching device 3 has an upper liquid outlet and a lower solid outlet;

[0039] A molecular sieve preparation device 4, the feeding end of which is connected to the lower solid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device 3 for preparing molecular sieves;

[0040] A carbon dioxide solidification device 5, the feeding end of which is connected to the upper liquid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device 3 through a pH adjustment mechanism. The intake end of the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1, and the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 is used for absorbing and fixing carbon dioxide;

[0041] A molecular sieve filling cavity and a vacuum pumping device are arranged in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1, and the molecular sieve prepared by the molecular sieve preparation device 4 is filled into the molecular sieve filling cavity.

[0042] During use, the gas and carbon dioxide generated by the blast furnace 9 are subjected to carbon dioxide absorption and capture by the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1. Through the molecular sieve filling cavity arranged inside it, the molecular sieve is used to absorb carbon dioxide. The remaining gas passes through the energy recovery component to recover heat energy and electric energy to reduce energy consumption. The slag produced by the blast furnace 9 is crushed and then enters the blast furnace slag leaching device 3. An upper layer liquid and a slag material rich in components such as silicon, aluminum, and calcium are generated in the blast furnace slag leaching device 3. The slag material is prepared into a molecular sieve by the molecular sieve preparation device 4 and filled into the molecular sieve filling cavity in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 for carbon dioxide adsorption. First, the carbon dioxide in the blast furnace gas is adsorbed by the molecular sieve, and then the pressure is reduced by the vacuum pumping device to achieve carbon dioxide desorption, thereby forming high-purity carbon dioxide gas, which is then sent to the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 through the carbon dioxide pipeline for utilization. At the same time, the adsorption capacity of the molecular sieve is restored, realizing cyclic use and treating waste with waste. At the same time, the remaining high-concentration calcium ions in the upper layer liquid and the enriched carbon dioxide undergo a mineralization reaction to generate high-purity calcium carbonate, realizing the carbon reduction and carbon fixation cycle.

[0043] Furthermore, the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 includes a molecular sieve filling cavity for filling the molecular sieve. The gas inlet end of the molecular sieve filling cavity is communicated with the gas outlet end of the dust removal mechanism. The molecular sieve filling cavity has a gas outlet for gas and a carbon dioxide gas outlet. The gas outlet of the molecular sieve is communicated with the gas inlet end of the energy recovery component. The carbon dioxide gas outlet of the molecular sieve is communicated with the gas inlet end of a vacuum pumping device. The gas outlet end of the vacuum pumping device is communicated with the gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide solidification device 5.

[0044] The vacuum pumping device includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum pipeline. The vacuum pump is communicated with the molecular sieve filling cavity in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 through the vacuum pipeline. During the operation of the equipment, the molecular sieve adsorbs the carbon dioxide in the blast furnace gas, and then the pressure of the molecular sieve filling cavity is reduced through the vacuum pipeline by the vacuum pump to achieve carbon dioxide desorption, thereby forming high-purity carbon dioxide gas. The gas outlet end of the vacuum pumping device is communicated with the gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 and is sent to the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 through the carbon dioxide pipeline for utilization. At this time, the adsorption capacity of the molecular sieve is restored, and the cyclic use of the molecular sieve can be realized.

[0045] As an alternative embodiment, the dust removal mechanism includes a gravity dust removal device 10. The gas inlet end of the gravity dust removal device 10 is communicated with the gas outlet of the blast furnace 9, and the gas outlet end of the gravity dust removal device 10 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1.

[0046] As an alternative embodiment, the dust removal mechanism further includes a bag dust removal device 6. The air inlet end of the bag dust removal device 6 is communicated with the air outlet end of the gravity dust removal device 10, and the air outlet end of the bag dust removal device 6 is communicated with the air inlet end of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1.

[0047] A gravity dust removal device 10 and a bag dust removal device 6 are provided on the blast furnace gas pipeline for filtering out slag in the gas and carbon dioxide gas.

[0048] As an alternative embodiment, the crushing mechanism includes a blast furnace slag crushing mechanism 2. The feed end of the blast furnace slag crushing mechanism 2 is communicated with the slag outlet of the blast furnace 9, and the discharge end of the blast furnace slag crushing mechanism 2 is communicated with the feed end of the blast furnace slag leaching device 3.

[0049] As an alternative embodiment, the pH adjustment mechanism includes a pH adjustment device. The liquid inlet end of the pH adjustment device is communicated with the upper layer liquid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device 3, and the pH adjustment device reacts with the upper layer liquid by injecting sodium hydroxide to obtain a calcium hydroxide solution.

[0050] As an alternative embodiment, the energy recovery component includes:

[0051] A power generation device with its air inlet end communicated with the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1;

[0052] A gas storage part with its air inlet end communicated with the air outlet end of the power generation device.

[0053] As an alternative embodiment, the power generation device includes:

[0054] A blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8 with its air inlet end communicated with the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1, and the air outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8 is communicated with the air inlet end of the gas storage part;

[0055] A gas pressure adjustment part is arranged in parallel with the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8 for adjusting the gas pressure entering the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8.

[0056] As an alternative embodiment, the gas pressure adjustment part includes a pressure adjustment device 7. The pressure adjustment device 7 is a pressure regulating valve. The air inlet end of the pressure adjustment device 7 and the air inlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8 are simultaneously communicated with the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 through pipelines, and the air outlet end of the pressure adjustment device 7 and the air outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8 are simultaneously communicated with the air inlet end of the gas storage part through pipelines. The opening degree of the pressure adjustment device 7 is adjusted to adjust the gas pressure entering the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device 8.

[0057] As an alternative embodiment, the gas storage section includes a gas holder 11, and the gas inlet end of the gas holder 11 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the top gas pressure recovery turbine generating device 8;

[0058] The gas inlet end of the gas holder 11 is communicated with the gas outlet end of the pressure regulating device 7.

[0059] The gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 is connected to the gas holder 11 through a gas storage pipe, and the top gas pressure recovery turbine generating device 8 and the pressure regulating device 7 are arranged in parallel on the gas storage pipe.

[0060] As an alternative embodiment, a carbon dioxide delivery regulating valve for regulating the carbon dioxide input pressure is communicated between the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 and the carbon dioxide outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1.

[0061] Furthermore, a carbon dioxide delivery regulating valve is arranged between the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 and the carbon dioxide outlet. The gas outlet end of the carbon dioxide regulating valve is connected to the carbon dioxide solidification device 5, and the gas inlet end of the carbon dioxide regulating valve is connected to the carbon dioxide gas delivery pipeline of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1.

[0062] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide solidification device 5 has a filtering and drying mechanism. The filtering mechanism is connected to the reactor outlet pipeline to separate the solid-phase substances in the reaction products. The drying mechanism realizes dehydration of the reactants to produce finished products by heating and drying the material conveying device of the filtering mechanism; the molecular sieve preparation device 4 has a drying and roasting mechanism. The drying mechanism is connected to the forming mechanism, and the drying mechanism realizes the functions of removing physically adsorbed water and pre-shrinking the pore structure. The roasting mechanism is connected to the drying mechanism, and the roasting mechanism realizes stabilizing the crystal structure and thus forming products. The carbon dioxide solidification device 5 and the molecular sieve preparation device 4 can achieve precise and effective classification of blast furnace slag and in-situ full utilization.

[0063] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0064] 1. The present invention uses the vacuum pressure swing adsorption technology to capture and recycle carbon dioxide in the gas, and innovatively proposes to use the waste heat and pressure of the blast furnace system to reduce the energy consumption of equipment such as compressors and heat exchangers in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process, supporting the realization of low-energy consumption carbon dioxide capture; at the same time, in combination with the components such as silicon, aluminum, and calcium contained in the blast furnace slag, the silicon and aluminum components are leached and then hydrothermally synthesized to prepare a molecular sieve adsorbent for carbon dioxide adsorption, realizing waste treatment with waste; the remaining high-concentration calcium ions in the leachate react with the enriched carbon dioxide to generate high-purity calcium carbonate, realizing the carbon reduction and carbon fixation cycle;

[0065] 2. The blast furnace gas generated in the blast furnace production enters the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 after passing through the gravity dust removal device 10 and the bag dust removal device 6. Porous adsorbents such as molecular sieves are used to selectively adsorb different gases, and CO2 in the blast furnace gas is adsorbed under the condition of the blast furnace gas residual pressure. Components that are not easily adsorbed, such as N2 and CO, pass through the adsorption bed layer and are discharged from the top of the adsorber, and then enter the blast furnace gas residual pressure turbine power generation device 8 or the pressure regulating device 7, and finally enter the gas holder 11 for storage, reducing the operating energy consumption and at the same time realizing the increase of the calorific value of the blast furnace gas. The adsorbent saturated in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device 1 desorbs and analyzes the adsorbed carbon dioxide by means of evacuating to reduce the bed layer pressure, realizing the regeneration of the adsorbent and the enrichment of carbon dioxide. The captured carbon dioxide gas enters the carbon dioxide solidification device 5;

[0066] 3. After being discharged from the blast furnace, the blast furnace slag enters the blast furnace slag crushing mechanism 2, and after passing through devices such as crushing, screening, and conveying, it enters the blast furnace slag leaching device 3;

[0067] 4. After steps such as metering, extraction liquid, and slag slurry filtration in the blast furnace slag leaching device 3, the lower-layer silicon and aluminum solids are sent to the molecular sieve preparation device 4, and the upper-layer calcium-rich liquid-phase impregnation product enters the carbon dioxide solidification device 5;

[0068] 5. The molecular sieve preparation device uses silicon source and aluminum source as raw materials. Under a certain Si / Al ratio, by adjusting the pH value of the system, under the condition of pressurized heating of the aqueous solution, the hydrated anions come into contact with each other and undergo a polycondensation reaction to generate sodium silicoaluminate gel, synthesize the structural units required for the molecular sieve, and the crystal lattice grows continuously to form molecular sieve crystals. Then, through processes such as powder forming and roasting, the finished molecular sieve is prepared, thus realizing the technical ability of low-cost large-scale molecular sieve preparation;

[0069] 6. The carbon dioxide solidification device adjusts the pH of the calcium-rich liquid-phase impregnation product to remove impurities to obtain calcium hydroxide solution, introduces the enriched carbon dioxide gas, and uses alkali metal or alkaline earth metal elements to fix carbon dioxide through a carbonation reaction. The reaction equation is: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3↓ + H2O. Finally, after filtration and drying, the finished calcium carbonate is obtained, thus realizing in-situ carbon fixation of carbon dioxide.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0071] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag zeolite preparation and carbon solidification system, characterized in that Comprising: A blast furnace (9) provided with a gas outlet and a slag outlet; A vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1) whose intake end is connected to the gas outlet of the blast furnace (9) through a dust removal mechanism. The vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1) has a carbon dioxide outlet and a gas outlet, and the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1) is connected to an energy recovery component; A blast furnace slag leaching device (3) whose feed end is connected to the slag outlet of the blast furnace (9) through a crushing mechanism. The blast furnace slag leaching device (3) has an upper liquid outlet and a lower solid outlet; A molecular sieve preparation device (4) whose feed end is connected to the lower solid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device (3) for preparing molecular sieves; A carbon dioxide solidification device (5) whose feed end is connected to the upper liquid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device (3) through a pH adjustment mechanism. The intake end of the carbon dioxide solidification device (5) is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1), and the carbon dioxide solidification device (5) is used for absorbing and fixing carbon dioxide; A molecular sieve filling cavity and a vacuum pumping device are arranged in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1), and the molecular sieves prepared by the molecular sieve preparation device (4) are filled into the molecular sieve filling cavity.

2. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism includes a gravity dust removal device (10) whose intake end is connected to the gas outlet of the blast furnace (9), and the outlet end of the gravity dust removal device (10) is connected to the intake end of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1).

3. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism further includes a bag dust removal device (6) whose intake end is connected to the outlet end of the gravity dust removal device (10), and the outlet end of the bag dust removal device (6) is connected to the intake end of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1).

4. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism includes a blast furnace slag crushing mechanism (2) whose feed end is connected to the slag outlet of the blast furnace (9), and the discharge end of the blast furnace slag crushing mechanism (2) is connected to the feed end of the blast furnace slag leaching device (3).

5. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag zeolite preparation and carbon solidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH adjustment mechanism includes a pH adjustment device whose liquid inlet end is connected to the upper liquid outlet of the blast furnace slag leaching device (3), and the pH adjustment device reacts with the upper liquid by injecting sodium hydroxide to obtain a calcium hydroxide solution.

6. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag zeolite preparation and carbon solidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy recovery component includes: A power generation device whose intake end is connected to the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1); A gas storage part whose intake end is connected to the outlet end of the power generation device.

7. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system according to claim 6, characterized in that The power generation device includes: A blast furnace gas pressure energy recovery turbine power generation device (8) whose intake end is connected to the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1), and the outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure energy recovery turbine power generation device (8) is connected to the intake end of the gas storage part; The gas pressure regulating part is arranged in parallel with the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device (8) and is used to regulate the gas pressure entering the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device (8).

8. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas pressure regulating part includes a pressure regulating device (7), the pressure regulating device (7) is a pressure regulating valve, the gas inlet end of the pressure regulating device (7) and the gas inlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device (8) are simultaneously connected to the gas outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1) through pipelines, and the gas outlet end of the pressure regulating device (7) and the gas outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device (8) are simultaneously connected to the gas inlet end of the gas storage part through pipelines. The opening degree of the pressure regulating device (7) is adjusted to adjust the gas pressure entering the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device (8).

9. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag preparation molecular sieve and carbon solidification system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas storage part includes a gas holder (11), and the gas inlet end of the gas holder (11) is connected to the gas outlet end of the blast furnace gas pressure recovery turbine power generation device (8). The gas inlet end of the gas holder (11) is connected to the gas outlet end of the pressure regulating device (7).

10. The blast furnace gas carbon capture, blast furnace slag molecular sieve preparation and carbon solidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A carbon dioxide delivery regulating valve for regulating the carbon dioxide input pressure is connected between the carbon dioxide solidification device (5) and the carbon dioxide outlet of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption carbon dioxide capture device (1).

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