Plasma-based catalyst-integrated continuous production apparatus and method

Abstract

The application provides a continuous production device and method based on plasma catalyst integration, wherein the continuous production device comprises a feeder, a horizontal stirrer, an extruder and a closed box, the closed box is connected with the extruder through an extrusion pipeline; the extrusion pipeline penetrates into the inside of the closed box, a high-melting-point conductive rod is further arranged in the inside of the closed box, and the closed box is connected with the negative pole of a power supply and the extrusion pipeline, and the positive pole is connected with the high-melting-point conductive rod; a collector is provided with a second discharge port, and the collector is communicated with the closed box through the second discharge port; and a negative pressure fan is arranged on one side of the collector. The application solves the problems of complex and tedious preparation process, non-continuity and the like caused by the difficulty in simultaneously realizing the modification and dispersion of carbon nanotubes and the uniform loading of nanoparticles on the surface of the carbon nanotubes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nanomaterial preparation, and particularly relates to a continuous production device and method based on catalyst integration of plasmon. BACKGROUND

[0002] The information disclosed in this Background section is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure, and merely provides background information for a better understanding of the present disclosure. Nothing in this Background section is to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms prior art of any form.

[0003] Green energy storage and conversion devices such as lithium ion batteries and fuel cells have been widely studied. As the main component of the device, the performance of the electrode material will greatly affect the power density and conversion efficiency of the battery. Synthesizing high-performance electrode materials is of great significance to promote energy transformation and the development of green energy industry.

[0004] Among the many electrode materials, carbon nanotubes, as auxiliary materials, have excellent thermal, electrical, mechanical properties, metal-support strong interaction and specific catalytic properties due to radial conductive effect, and are considered as ideal support materials for green energy storage and conversion devices such as lithium ion batteries and fuel cells. However, due to the large aspect ratio, van der Waals force and electrostatic interaction, carbon nanotubes are prone to agglomeration, which affects their excellent intrinsic properties. Therefore, it is necessary to modify and disperse carbon nanotubes to promote their efficient application. In addition, the smooth surface structure of carbon nanotubes and the lack of active sites on the surface affect the uniform loading of nanoparticles, which easily causes the agglomeration of nanoparticles and affects the electrochemical performance of the material. How to realize the high dispersion and uniform loading of nanoparticles on the carbon nanotube carrier is another key problem affecting the performance of carbon nanotube-based composite materials.

[0005] In view of the above problems, current research proposes various carbon nanotube modification and dispersion methods including ball milling, ultrasonic oscillation, chemical dispersant plasma modification and dispersion, in addition, in the aspect of nanoparticle loading, various nanoparticle loading methods including impregnation method, hydrothermal method, microwave method, chemical deposition method are also proposed, but the modification and dispersion of carbon nanotubes and the loading of nanoparticles are often carried out in steps, and multiple chemical reagents are required, which causes the complexity and tediousness of the material preparation process.

[0006] Therefore, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0007] To address one of the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the present invention aims to provide a plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus. This apparatus solves the problems in the prior art, such as the difficulty in simultaneously achieving the modification and dispersion of carbon nanotubes and the uniform loading of nanoparticles on the surface of carbon nanotubes, resulting in a complex, cumbersome, and non-continuous preparation process. Furthermore, a plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production method is proposed.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a plasma-based integrated continuous production apparatus for catalysts is provided; comprising:

[0009] The feeder is equipped with a first inlet and a first outlet.

[0010] A horizontal mixer is connected to the first discharge port of the feeder;

[0011] An extruder is connected to the horizontal mixer;

[0012] The enclosed housing is connected to the extruder via an extrusion pipe; the extrusion pipe extends into the interior of the enclosed housing, and a high-melting-point conductive rod is also installed inside the enclosed housing, which is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply and the extrusion pipe, and the positive terminal is connected to the high-melting-point conductive rod.

[0013] The collector is provided with a second discharge port, which is connected to the enclosed box; a negative pressure fan is provided on one side of the collector.

[0014] Preferred options also include:

[0015] An insulation blocking device is installed in the extrusion pipe to control the electrical conductivity at both ends of the extrusion pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the insulation blocking device (5) is used to block the current connection between the power supply (7) and the front-end equipment feeder (1), horizontal mixer (2) and extruder (3) after the power supply (7) is turned on, so as to ensure safe operation.

[0017] Preferably, the feeder is used to transfer carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water or ethanol into a horizontal mixer.

[0018] Preferably, the material extruded by the extruder is a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture; and is transferred to a closed box through an extrusion pipe.

[0019] Preferred options also include:

[0020] The gas storage tank is connected to the enclosed box via a connecting pipe; the gas storage tank and the enclosed box are equipped with flow meters; the enclosed box is also equipped with a pressure gauge.

[0021] Preferably, the distance between the high melting point conductive rod and the outlet of the extrusion pipe is a preset distance.

[0022] According to another aspect of this application, a plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production method is provided, employing the aforementioned plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water or ethanol are transferred to a horizontal mixer via a feeder and thoroughly mixed.

[0024] The extruder compresses the material that has been uniformly mixed by the horizontal mixer into a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture, which is then transferred to a closed chamber through the extrusion pipe.

[0025] When the power is turned on, an electric arc plasma is generated between the semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture at the outlet of the extrusion pipe and the high-melting-point conductive rod. Under the action of the plasma, the doping modification of the carbon nanotube surface and the loading of nanoparticles on the carbon nanotube surface are carried out simultaneously.

[0026] The negative pressure fan collects the dispersed mist from the enclosed box into a collector.

[0027] Preferably, the atmosphere and the proportion of different atmospheres in the sealed enclosure are controlled by a gas storage tank and a flow meter, and the pressure is monitored by a pressure gauge.

[0028] Preferably, when a semi-liquid solid-liquid mixture is transferred to a closed chamber through an extrusion pipe, it is necessary to ensure that the material does not fall out of the extrusion pipe outlet.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0030] (1) The plasma-based catalyst integrated continuous production device and method of the present invention can realize the integration and continuity of carbon nanotube modification and dispersion and nanoparticle loading process through the synergistic matching of materials and the synergistic work of various components. At the same time, the prepared materials can be collected in time, which solves the problems of complex and cumbersome preparation process and inability to be continuous caused by the difficulty in simultaneously achieving the modification and dispersion of carbon nanotubes and the uniform loading of nanoparticles on the surface of carbon nanotubes. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a continuous production apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1-Feeder; 2-Horizontal mixer; 3-Extruder; 4-Extrusion pipe; 5-Insulation blocking device; 6-Enclosed box; 7-Power supply; 8-High melting point conductive rod; 9-Pressure gauge; 10-Gas storage tank; 11-Flow meter; 12-Collector; 13-Negative pressure fan. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0035] As one embodiment of this application, this embodiment provides a continuous production device for an integrated plasma catalyst, which mainly consists of a feeder 1, a horizontal mixer 2, an extruder 3, an extrusion pipe (4), an insulation blocking device 5, a closed box 6, a power supply 7, a high melting point conductive rod 8, a pressure gauge 9, a gas storage tank (10), a flow meter 11, a collector 12, and a negative pressure fan 13.

[0036] In specific implementation, the feeder 1 is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; the horizontal mixer 2 is connected to the first outlet of the feeder 1; and the extruder 3 is connected to the horizontal mixer 2.

[0037] The enclosed box 6 is connected to the extruder 3 via an extrusion pipe 4; the extrusion pipe 4 extends into the interior of the enclosed box 6, and a high melting point conductive rod 8 is also provided inside the enclosed box 6, which is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply 7 and the extrusion pipe 4, and the positive terminal is connected to the high melting point conductive rod 8.

[0038] The collector 12 is provided with a second discharge port, which is connected to the closed box 6; a negative pressure fan 13 is provided on one side of the collector 12.

[0039] Based on the above scheme, the insulation blocking device 5 is installed in the extrusion pipe 4 to control the electrical conductivity at both ends of the extrusion pipe 4.

[0040] As a specific implementation, the insulation blocking device 5 is used to block the current connection between the power supply 7 and the front-end equipment feeder 1, horizontal mixer 2, and extruder 3 after the power supply 7 is turned on, ensuring operational safety. This is already commercially available, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Based on the above scheme, the feeder 1 is used to transfer carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water or ethanol into the horizontal mixer 2.

[0042] Based on the above scheme, the material extruded by the extruder 3 is a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture; and it is transferred to the closed box 6 through the extrusion pipe 4.

[0043] Based on the above scheme, the gas storage tank 10 is connected to the closed box 6 through a connecting pipe; the gas storage tank 10 and the closed box 6 are equipped with flow meters 11; the closed box 6 is also equipped with pressure gauges 9.

[0044] Based on the above scheme, the distance between the high melting point conductive rod 8 and the outlet of the extrusion pipe 4 is preset.

[0045] This application also provides a plasma-based continuous production method for integrated catalysts, comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) Carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water or ethanol are transferred to horizontal mixer 2 through feeder 1 and thoroughly mixed.

[0047] (2) The extruder 3 extrudes the material that has been uniformly mixed by the horizontal mixer 2 into a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture, which is then transferred to the closed box 6 through the extrusion pipe 4.

[0048] (3) Start the power supply 7 and generate an electric arc plasma between the semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture at the outlet end of the extrusion pipe 4 and the high melting point conductive rod 8; under the action of the plasma, the doping modification of the carbon nanotube surface and the loading of nanoparticles on the carbon nanotube surface are carried out simultaneously.

[0049] (4) The negative pressure fan 13 collects the dispersed mist in the closed box 6 into the collector 12.

[0050] Specifically, the atmosphere and the proportion of different atmospheres in the sealed chamber 6 are controlled by the gas storage tank 10 and the flow meter 11, and the pressure is monitored by the pressure gauge 9.

[0051] Specifically, when a semi-liquid solid-liquid mixture is transferred to a closed chamber 6 through an extrusion pipe 4, it must be ensured that the material does not fall out of the outlet of the extrusion pipe 4.

[0052] In summary, during use, carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water, or ethanol are transferred to a horizontal mixer 2 via feeder 1 for thorough mixing. Then, the mixture is extruded through an extruder 3 into a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture, which is then transferred to a sealed chamber 6 via an extrusion pipe 4, ensuring that the material does not fall out of the outlet of the extrusion pipe 4. The outlet of the extrusion pipe 4 is connected to the negative terminal of a power supply 7, and a high-melting-point conductive rod 8 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 7, with a distance of 2-5 cm between the high-melting-point conductive rod 8 and the outlet of the extrusion pipe 4. Then, an insulation blocking device 5 is used to electrically block the extrusion pipe 4 from the extruder 3, the horizontal mixer 2, and the feeder 1. The atmosphere and the proportions of different atmospheres in the sealed chamber 6 are controlled by a gas storage tank 10 and a flow meter 11, and the pressure is monitored by a pressure gauge 9. Afterwards, power is switched on (7), and an electric arc plasma is generated between the mixture at the outlet of extrusion pipe 4 and the high-melting-point conductive rod 8. Under the action of the plasma, the deionized water or ethanol in the mixture is rapidly vaporized by heat, generating expansion force. The carbon nanotubes are dispersed by the expansion force and heat, and their structure is damaged to a certain extent. Nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds and transition metal salts are pyrolyzed to form nanoparticles loaded on the surface of the carbon nanotubes. Due to the destruction of the carbon nanotube structure, nitrogen and phosphorus heteroatoms are successfully doped and modified on the surface of the carbon nanotubes. The entire process is achieved simultaneously. The obtained material is collected in collector 12 by negative pressure fan 13.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A plasma-based integrated continuous production apparatus for catalysts, characterized in that, include: The feeder (1) is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; A horizontal mixer (2) is connected to the first discharge port of the feeder (1); An extruder (3) is connected to the horizontal mixer (2); The enclosed box (6) is connected to the extruder (3) via an extrusion pipe (4); the extrusion pipe (4) extends into the enclosed box (6); a high melting point conductive rod (8) is also provided inside the enclosed box (6), and is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply (7) and the extrusion pipe (4), and the positive terminal is connected to the high melting point conductive rod (8). The collector (12) is provided with a second discharge port, which is connected to the closed box (6); a negative pressure fan (13) is provided on one side of the collector (12); Carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water or ethanol are transferred to a horizontal mixer (2) via a feeder (1) and thoroughly mixed. The extruder (3) extrudes the material that has been uniformly mixed by the horizontal mixer (2) into a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture, and transfers it to the closed box (6) through the extrusion pipe (4). Start the power supply (7), and generate an electric arc plasma between the semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture at the outlet end of the extrusion pipe (4) and the high melting point conductive rod (8); under the action of the plasma, the doping modification of the carbon nanotube surface and the loading of nanoparticles on the carbon nanotube surface are carried out simultaneously. The negative pressure fan (13) collects the dispersed mist from the enclosed box (6) into the collector (12).

2. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An insulation blocking device (5) is installed in the extrusion pipe (4) to control the electrical conductivity at both ends of the extrusion pipe (4).

3. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulation blocking device (5) is used to block the current connection between the power supply (7) and the front-end equipment feeder (1), horizontal mixer (2) and extruder (3) after the power supply (7) is turned on, so as to ensure safe operation.

4. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeder (1) is used to transfer carbon nanotubes, nitrogen-containing or phosphorus-containing compounds, transition metal salts, deionized water or ethanol into a horizontal mixer (2).

5. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material extruded by the extruder (3) is a semi-fluid solid-liquid mixture; and is transferred to the closed box (6) through the extrusion pipe (4).

6. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The gas storage tank (10) is connected to the closed box (6) through a connecting pipe; the gas storage tank (10) and the closed box (6) are equipped with flow meters (11); the closed box (6) is also equipped with a pressure gauge (9).

7. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high melting point conductive rod (8) is spaced at a preset distance from the outlet of the extrusion pipe (4).

8. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The atmosphere and the proportion of different atmospheres in the closed box (6) are controlled by the gas storage tank (10) and the flow meter (11), and the pressure is monitored by the pressure gauge (9).

9. The plasma-based integrated catalyst continuous production apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, When a semi-liquid solid-liquid mixture is transferred to a closed box (6) through an extrusion pipe (4), it is important to ensure that the material does not fall out of the outlet of the extrusion pipe (4).

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