A device for rapidly pulverizing pods of alfalfa seeds

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of quick smashing device of alfalfa pod shell, it is related to the technical field of smashing device, including fixed plate, rack, lifting unit, grinding bin, grinding plate, spiral channel, extrusion unit;Lifting plate, lifting plate is driven its lifting by extrusion unit;Motor;Rotary pressure disc, rotary pressure disc is located just above grinding plate, and rotary pressure disc outer diameter is less than grinding plate outer diameter.In the present application, alfalfa fruit pod spiral part is clamped into spiral channel, so that rotary pressure disc produces shear force to alfalfa fruit pod shell, and then fruit pod shell is split, so that seed in fruit pod is separated from shell, while seed volume is small, and then falls into fixed plate by spiral channel, after kneading is finished, grinding bin is driven to move up by lifting unit, so that the shell of fruit pod is subjected to extrusion force of rotary pressure disc increases, and with the continuous rotation of rotary pressure disc, and then grinding effect can be generated to the shell of fruit pod, so that shell is ground and smashed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing equipment technology, specifically to a rapid crushing device for alfalfa seeds and pods. Background Technology

[0002] Alfalfa is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus *Alfalfa* in the legume family. Its stems are erect, tufted, or creeping, quadrangular in shape, and much-branched; the stipules are relatively large, ovate-lanceolate, and the leaflets are obovate-oblong; the flowers are in clustered racemes, axillary, with 5 to 20 flowers per raceme. The pods are spirally shaped, 2 to 4 times twisted, each containing 2 to 9 seeds. The pods turn brown when mature. The seeds are kidney-shaped, yellowish-brown; the seeds are small and smooth, yellow or brown. When collecting alfalfa seeds, the seeds need to be removed from the pods, i.e., the pods and seeds must be separated.

[0003] Current methods for separating seeds from pods mainly involve gently crushing the pods by hand or with a small wooden stick, followed by manual blowing to separate the seeds from the pods. However, both pods and alfalfa seeds are relatively small; alfalfa seeds are only 3 millimeters long and wide, with a thousand-seed weight of only 2g. Improper crushing or handling can easily lead to seed breakage, and the force of manual blowing is insufficient to completely separate the seeds from the pods. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device capable of crushing alfalfa pod shells to achieve the separation of pods and seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid alfalfa seed pod crushing device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for rapidly crushing alfalfa seed pods includes:

[0007] A frame with a fixing plate fixed to its lower side;

[0008] A lifting unit installed at the bottom of the fixed plate;

[0009] A grinding chamber is driven and connected to the lifting unit. The grinding chamber has open upper and lower sides and a grinding plate is coaxially fixed to the inner wall. The surface of the grinding plate is provided with a spiral groove.

[0010] An extrusion unit is installed on the upper side of the frame, and a lifting plate is driven to move up and down by the extrusion unit.

[0011] A motor is installed on the top of the lifting plate, and the motor drives a rotating pressure plate. The rotating pressure plate is located directly above the grinding plate, and the outer diameter of the rotating pressure plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding plate.

[0012] By the above technical scheme, the rotating pressure disc is driven to rotate by the motor, and the rotating pressure disc is driven to descend to a fixed position by the extrusion unit. During the rotation of the rotating pressure disc, the alfalfa pod placed on the grinding plate is twisted, so that the alfalfa pod is driven to move on the grinding plate. When the alfalfa pod moves, the spiral part of the alfalfa pod is clamped into the spiral through groove, so that the rotating pressure disc generates a shearing force on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod, thereby opening the pod shell, and the seeds in the pod shell are separated from the pod shell. At the same time, the seeds are small in size, and then fall into the fixed plate through the spiral through groove. After the twisting is completed, the grinding bin is driven to move upward by the lifting unit, so that the extrusion force of the rotating pressure disc on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod is increased, and the rotating pressure disc continues to rotate, thereby generating a grinding effect on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod, so that the pod shell is ground and crushed. After the pod shell is ground and crushed, the pod shell and the seeds can be separated by subsequent winnowing, compared with the prior art, the separation efficiency of the pod shell and the seeds is improved, and the pod shell can be recycled as a biological fertilizer for reuse after being ground and crushed.

[0013] Further, the lifting unit comprises a horizontal plate fixed to the bottom of the grinding bin, a guide column is vertically fixed to the bottom of the horizontal plate, the guide column penetrates the fixed plate in a sliding manner, a lifting cylinder is vertically installed at the bottom of the fixed plate, and the lifting cylinder is drivingly connected with the horizontal plate.

[0014] By the above technical scheme, the horizontal plate is driven to move up and down by the lifting cylinder, thereby driving the grinding bin to move up and down.

[0015] Further, a slope-shaped collecting groove is formed in the top of the fixed plate, and the collecting groove is located directly below the grinding bin.

[0016] By the above technical scheme, the ground pod shell fragments and seeds will fall into the collecting groove and slide down along the surface of the collecting groove for collection.

[0017] Further, the extrusion unit comprises a top plate fixed to the upper side of the rack, an extrusion cylinder is vertically installed at the top of the top plate, and the extrusion cylinder is fixed to the lifting plate.

[0018] By the above technical scheme, the lifting plate is driven to move up and down by the extrusion cylinder, thereby enabling the rotating pressure disc to extrude the alfalfa pod on the grinding plate.

[0019] Further, a reciprocating translation unit is arranged between the rotating pressure disc and the motor shaft of the motor, and the reciprocating translation unit is used to intermittently drive the rotating pressure disc to move horizontally reciprocally when the rotating pressure disc rotates.

[0020] By the above technical scheme, the reciprocating translation unit intermittently drives the rotating pressure plate to move horizontally when the motor drives the rotating pressure plate to rotate, so that the shearing force along the radial outside of the rotating pressure plate can be generated on the alfalfa pod, and then the alfalfa pod clamped in the spiral part of the spiral groove can be quickly split, so that the shearing force in multiple directions is generated on the alfalfa pod to enable the alfalfa pod to be quickly broken.

[0021] Further, the reciprocating translation unit comprises a fixed seat fixedly connected to the top of the rotating pressure plate, a sliding block slidingly engaged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat, a motor shaft end of the motor fixedly connected to the top surface of the sliding block, and fixed rods fixedly and penetratingly arranged on the outer walls of the two sides of the fixed seat and slidingly penetrating the sliding block. The bottom of the lifting plate is provided with a driving assembly for driving the sliding block to move horizontally when the rotating pressure plate rotates.

[0022] By the above technical scheme, when the motor shaft of the motor rotates, the sliding block is synchronously driven to rotate, and then the fixed seat and the rotating pressure plate are driven to rotate by the fixed rods. When rotating, the driving assembly acts to enable the sliding block to move along the axial direction of the fixed rod, i.e., to enable the sliding block to move horizontally.

[0023] Further, the driving assembly comprises an annular seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, a special-shaped ring coaxially arranged at the lower side opening of the annular seat, and rollers rotatably connected to the two ends of the fixed rod. A plurality of arc-shaped protrusions are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the special-shaped ring, and a plurality of arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the inner wall of the special-shaped ring. The arc-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped grooves are located on the two sides in the radial direction of the special-shaped ring, and the arc-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped grooves are arranged in the axial direction of the special-shaped ring. When the rotating pressure plate rotates, the rollers are alternately connected to the inner wall of the special-shaped ring, the arc-shaped protrusions and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves by rolling.

[0024] By the above technical scheme, when the rotating pressure plate rotates, the rollers will alternately roll on the inner wall of the special-shaped ring, the arc-shaped protrusions and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves. When the two rollers roll on the arc-shaped protrusions and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves respectively, the sliding block will move horizontally along the axial direction of the fixed rod relative to the fixed seat, so that the rotating pressure plate moves horizontally, and then the shearing force along the radial direction of the grinding plate can be generated on the pod shell of the alfalfa pod.

[0025] Further, the special-shaped ring is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the annular seat, a driving gear is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the motor, an intermediate gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate through a rotating shaft, and an inner gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the special-shaped ring. The intermediate gear is engaged with the driving gear and the inner gear.

[0026] Through the technical scheme, when the motor shaft rotates, the motor shaft drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear meshes with the intermediate gear to drive, and the intermediate gear meshes with the inner gear to drive, so that the rotation of the motor shaft can drive the inner gear to rotate, when the inner gear rotates, the synchronous belt drives the special-shaped ring to rotate, and the rotation angular velocity of the special-shaped ring is far less than the rotation angular velocity of the motor shaft, so that the positions of the two rollers in rolling contact with the arc-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped groove surface can change, the shearing force along the radial direction of the grinding plate on the pod shell of alfalfa fruit is avoided in the fixed position, and the crushing blind area of the pod shell of alfalfa fruit is reduced.

[0027] Further, the rotating pressure disc is provided with a sliding groove, an installation block is slidingly and clampingly installed in the sliding groove, a dredging pin is vertically and fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation block, the outer diameter of the dredging pin is consistent with the width of the spiral groove, and a waist-shaped hole is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating pressure disc and used for allowing the lower end of the dredging pin to pass freely.

[0028] Through the technical scheme, after crushing, when the grinding bin moves upward, the dredging pin can be inserted into the end point of the inner circle of the spiral groove, so that the dredging pin is clamped in the spiral groove, and then, along with the rotation of the rotating pressure disc, the dredging pin can slide from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral groove, in the sliding process, the dredging pin can push the pod shell fragments clamped in the spiral groove away, and the spiral groove is prevented from being blocked by the pod shell fragments.

[0029] Further, the rotating pressure disc is provided with a sliding groove, an installation block is slidingly and clampingly installed in the sliding groove, a dredging pin is vertically and fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation block, the outer diameter of the dredging pin is consistent with the width of the spiral groove, and a waist-shaped hole is formed in the bottom surface of the rotating pressure disc and used for allowing the lower end of the dredging pin to pass freely.

[0030] Through the technical scheme, in the process that the dredging pin slides from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral groove, the tension spring is in a tension state and accumulates elastic potential energy, and then, when the grinding bin moves downward, the dredging pin is separated from the spiral groove, and then, the elastic potential energy of the tension spring is released, so that the installation block is driven to move to the center side of the rotating pressure disc and reset.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. In this invention, a rotating pressure plate is driven by a motor to rotate, and a pressing unit drives the rotating pressure plate to descend to a fixed position. During the rotation of the rotating pressure plate, the alfalfa pods placed on the grinding plate are kneaded, which drives the alfalfa pods to move on the grinding plate. When moving, the spiral part of the alfalfa pod gets stuck in the spiral groove, which causes the rotating pressure plate to generate a shearing force on the pod shell, thereby splitting the pod shell and separating the seeds from the pod shell. At the same time, since the seeds are small, they can fall onto the fixed plate through the spiral groove. After kneading, the grinding chamber is driven to move upward by the lifting unit, which increases the squeezing force on the pod shell of the pod. As the rotating pressure plate continues to rotate, it can generate a grinding effect on the pod shell, thereby grinding and crushing the pod shell. After the pod shell is ground and crushed, it can be separated from the seeds by air separation. Compared with the prior art, the separation efficiency of pod shell and seeds is improved, and the pod shell can be recycled after being ground and crushed.

[0033] 2. In this invention, the reciprocating translation unit intermittently drives the rotating pressure plate to reciprocate horizontally when the motor drives the rotating pressure plate to rotate, so that a shearing force can be generated on the alfalfa pods along the radial outer side of the rotating pressure plate, thereby quickly splitting the alfalfa pods stuck in the spiral groove, thus generating shearing force on the alfalfa pods in multiple directions, so that the alfalfa pods can be quickly crushed.

[0034] 3. In this invention, after the grinding chamber is crushed, the grinding chamber moves upward and the pressure plate rotates, allowing the unblocking pin to be inserted into the end of the inner ring of the spiral groove. This causes the unblocking pin to be stuck in the spiral groove. As the pressure plate rotates, the unblocking pin can slide from the inner ring of the spiral groove to the outer ring. During the sliding process, the unblocking pin can dislodge the pod fragments stuck in the spiral groove, preventing the spiral groove from being blocked by the pod fragments. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rapid alfalfa seed pod crushing device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the positional relationships from a first-person perspective.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the positional relationships from a second-person perspective;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationships after omitting the rack;

[0039] Figure 5Position relation schematic view of assembled position relation of lifting plate, rotating pressure plate and annular seat in the application;

[0040] Figure 6 For Figure 5 Position relation schematic view of another perspective view in the application;

[0041] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Explosion decomposition schematic view of structure in the application;

[0042] Figure 8 For Figure 5 Position relation schematic view of partial structure in the application;

[0043] Figure 9 Position relation schematic view of assembled position relation of rotating pressure plate and annular seat in the application;

[0044] Figure 10 For Figure 9 Enlarged schematic view of partial structure at A in the application;

[0045] Figure 11 Position relation schematic view of cut-opened rotating pressure plate in the application.

[0046] In the figure, the following is the explanation of each reference numeral: 1, frame; 2, lifting cylinder; 3, collecting groove; 4, grinding bin; 5, annular seat; 6, lifting plate; 7, motor; 8, top plate; 9, extrusion cylinder; 10, rotating pressure plate; 11, grinding plate; 12, helical through groove; 13, fixed plate; 14, dredging pin; 15, guide column; 16, waist-shaped hole; 17, driving gear; 18, special-shaped ring; 19, internal gear; 20, intermediate gear; 21, sliding groove; 22, fixed seat; 23, arc-shaped groove; 24, arc-shaped protrusion; 25, sliding block; 26, tension spring; 27, buffer spring; 28, fixed rod; 29, roller; 30, mounting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11The present application provides a technical scheme: a kind of quick crushing device of pod of alfalfa pod, including rack 1, the lower side of rack 1 is fixedly connected with fixed plate 13, the bottom of fixed plate 13 is vertically installed with lifting cylinder 2, the cylinder rod of lifting cylinder 2 is slidably penetrated fixed plate 13 and is fixed with horizontal plate, horizontal plate is fixed with grinding bin 4, grinding bin 4 is open in upper and lower sides and hollow inside, grinding bin 4 inner wall is coaxially fixed with circular grinding plate 11, the lower surface of grinding plate 11 and the lower side of the mouth portion of grinding bin 4 have longitudinal gap, in addition, the surface of grinding plate 11 is provided with spiral through slot 12, the width size of spiral through slot 12 is adapted with the thickness size of single spiral position of alfalfa pod, or the single spiral position of alfalfa pod can be clamped in spiral through slot 12, the inner circle of spiral through slot 12 is located at the center of grinding plate 11, and the outer circle is located at the edge of grinding plate 11, that is, spiral through slot 12 is spiral formed from the center of grinding plate 11 outward, in addition, the bottom of horizontal plate is vertically fixed with guide column 15, guide column 15 is slidably penetrated fixed plate 13, guide column 15 is used to guide and limit the vertical movement of grinding bin 4, fixed plate 13 top is provided with inclined collecting groove 3, and collecting groove 3 is located directly below grinding bin 4;

[0049] The upper side of rack 1 is fixedly connected with top plate 8, and the top surface of top plate 8 is vertically installed with extrusion cylinder 9; the cylinder rod of extrusion cylinder 9 penetrates through top plate 8 and is fixedly connected with lifting plate 6; the top of lifting plate 6 is installed with motor 7; the motor shaft of motor 7 is fixedly connected with sliding block 25 (as shown in Figure 7 The lower surface of fixed seat 22 is fixedly connected with circular rotating pressure disc 10, the center of rotating pressure disc 10 coincides with the center of fixed seat 22, in addition, the outer walls of fixed seat 22 on the length direction two sides are fixedly penetrated with fixed rod 28, the two ends of fixed rod 28 are both penetrated out of the outer wall of fixed seat 22, rotating pressure disc 10 is located directly above grinding plate 11, when the motor shaft of motor 7 rotates, sliding block 25 can be driven to rotate, and then fixed seat 22 is driven to rotate through fixed rod 28, when fixed seat 22 rotates, rotating pressure disc 10 is driven to rotate, in addition, the outer diameter size of rotating pressure disc 10 is less than the outer diameter size of grinding plate 11, so that rotating pressure disc 10 can be clamped into grinding bin 4, and can have a certain horizontal movement space, in addition, sliding block 25 is slidably sleeved on fixed rod 28, so that sliding block 25 can slide on the circumference of fixed rod 28;

[0050] The bottom of the lifting plate 6 is fixedly connected with the annular seat 5 through screwing, the lower side of the annular seat 5 is coaxially provided with a special-shaped ring 18, the two ends of the fixed rod 28 are each rotationally connected with a roller 29, the inner wall of the special-shaped ring 18 is fixedly connected with a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions 24, and a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 23 are formed in the inner wall of the special-shaped ring 18, the arc-shaped protrusions 24 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are located on the two sides in the radial direction of the special-shaped ring 18, the arc-shaped protrusions 24 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are arranged in an array along the axial direction of the special-shaped ring 18, and the arc-shaped protrusions 24 and the arc-shaped grooves 23 are arranged in an interlaced manner, the roller 29 will alternately roll and contact the inner wall of the special-shaped ring 18, the inner wall of the arc-shaped protrusion 24 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 23 when the rotating disc 10 rotates, one of the rollers 29 rolls in contact with the surface of the arc-shaped protrusion 24, and the other roller 29 is clamped into the arc-shaped groove 23, at this time, the roller 29 is extruded by the arc-shaped protrusion 24, so that the fixed rod 28 can drive the fixed seat 22 to move horizontally;

[0051] The special-shaped ring 18 is rotationally connected to the inner cavity of the annular seat 5 through a bearing, the motor shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear 17, the bottom of the lifting plate 6 is rotationally connected with an intermediate gear 20 through a rotating shaft, the upper end surface of the special-shaped ring 18 is coaxially fixedly connected with an internal gear 19, the intermediate gear 20 is in meshing connection with the driving gear 17 and the internal gear 19, specifically, the intermediate gear 20 is located between the driving gear 17 and the internal gear 19, the intermediate gear 20 is in external meshing connection with the driving gear 17, and the intermediate gear 20 is in internal meshing connection with the internal gear 19, because the nominal diameter of the internal gear 19 is much larger than the nominal diameter of the driving gear 17, the rotational angular velocity of the internal gear 19 is much smaller than the rotational angular velocity of the driving gear 17;

[0052] A sliding groove 21 is formed in the rotating disc 10 (as shown in Figure 11 The installation block 30 is slidingly clamped and installed in the sliding groove 21, the bottom of the installation block 30 is vertically fixedly connected with a dredging pin 14, the outer diameter of the dredging pin 14 is consistent with the width of the spiral groove 12, the bottom surface of the rotating disc 10 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 16 (as shown in Figure 5 The outer wall of the rotating disc 10 is connected with a baffle for closing the mouth of the sliding groove 21, the sliding groove 21 is provided with a tension spring 26, and the two ends of the tension spring 26 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the installation block 30 and the surface of one of the baffles, respectively.

[0053] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0054] The alfalfa pods to be broken are put into the grinding bin 4, and the pods are located on the surface of the grinding plate 11, it should be noted that the amount of alfalfa pods put in should be appropriate, the extrusion cylinder 9 is started, the cylinder rod of the extrusion cylinder 9 is elongated, thereby driving the lifting plate 6 to move downward, the lifting plate 6 moves downward, the rotating disc 10 enters the grinding bin 4, and the alfalfa pods accumulated on the surface of the grinding plate 11 are extruded;

[0055] The motor 7 is started, the motor shaft of the motor 7 rotates, and drives the rotating disc 10 to rotate. When the rotating disc 10 rotates, the rotating disc 10 rotates relative to the grinding plate 11, so that the alfalfa pod can generate a rubbing and shearing force, and the alfalfa pod can roll on the surface of the grinding plate 11. Further, a rubber layer can be arranged on the lower surface of the rotating disc 10. The friction between the rubber layer and the alfalfa pod is large, which can better drive the alfalfa pod to roll on the surface of the grinding plate 11. With the rolling of the alfalfa pod, the single spiral part of the alfalfa pod can finally be clamped in the spiral through groove 12. After being clamped in the spiral through groove 12, the rolling of the alfalfa pod on the surface of the grinding plate 11 will be hindered. The alfalfa pod is subjected to the friction of the rotating disc 10, so that the pod shell of the alfalfa pod is subjected to shearing under the action of the friction, and then the pod shell is broken under the action of the shearing force, so that the pod shell can be broken open;

[0056] After the pod shell is broken, the seeds in the alfalfa pod will be separated from the pod shell. Since the seeds are small in size, they can fall from the spiral through groove 12 to the collection groove 3 on the surface of the fixed plate 13. During the rotation of the rotating disc 10, the rollers 29 will alternately roll on the inner wall of the special-shaped ring 18, the surface of the arc-shaped protrusion 24, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 23. When one of the rollers 29 is in rolling contact with the surface of the arc-shaped protrusion 24, the other roller 29 will be clamped in the arc-shaped groove 23. At this time, the roller 29 is subjected to the extrusion of the arc-shaped protrusion 24, so that the fixed rod 28 can drive the fixed seat 22 to move horizontally, so that the rotating disc 10 generates horizontal movement, and then the rotating disc 10 can generate a shearing force along the radial outside of the rotating disc 10, so as to quickly split the alfalfa pod with a single spiral part clamped in the spiral through groove 12, thereby generating a shearing force on the alfalfa pod in multiple directions to quickly break the alfalfa pod. Further, a buffer spring 27 can be wound around each end of the fixed rod 28. The two ends of the buffer spring 27 in the elastic force direction are elastically abutted against the inner cavity wall of the fixed seat 22 and the outer wall of the sliding block 25 respectively, so that the buffer spring 27 plays a role of buffering and deceleration when the rotating disc 10 moves horizontally;

[0057] The hulls and seeds of the broken fruit pods will be separated, and after the rubbing and shearing is completed (it is observed that there are basically no unbroken fruit pods, which means that the rubbing and shearing is completed, and in addition, the material of the grinding bin 4 can be made of acrylic material, which facilitates observation of whether the rubbing and shearing is completed), the lifting cylinder 2 is started, the cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder 2 is elongated, and the grinding bin 4 is driven to move upwards, so that the rotating pressure plate 10 exerts extrusion crushing on the hulls of the fruit pods on the surface of the grinding plate 11, and as the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, a grinding effect can be generated on the hulls, so that the hulls can be quickly crushed and can fall from the spiral through groove 12, so that the hull fragments and the seeds are mixed together, and then the seeds and the hull fragments are completely separated through a subsequent winnowing process. In addition, it should be noted that the motor 7 in the embodiment is in a low-speed rotating state, and the specific speed can be adjusted according to the actual operating environment, and the present application is not limited.

[0058] After the crushing is completed, the grinding bin 4 moves upwards, and when the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, the through pin 14 can be inserted into the end point of the inner circle of the spiral through groove 12, so that the through pin 14 is clamped into the spiral through groove 12, and then as the rotating pressure plate 10 rotates, the through pin 14 can slide from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove 12. In the sliding process, the through pin 14 can push the fruit pod hull fragments clamped in the spiral through groove 12 away, so as to avoid the spiral through groove 12 being blocked by the fruit pod hull fragments. In the process of sliding of the through pin 14 from the inner circle to the outer circle of the spiral through groove 12, the tension spring 26 will be in a stretched state and accumulate elastic potential energy, and then when the grinding bin 4 moves downwards, the through pin 14 is separated from the spiral through groove 12, and then the elastic potential energy of the tension spring 26 is released, so as to drive the mounting block 30 to move towards the center side of the spiral through groove 12 and reset.

[0059] It should be noted that in this document, the terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations of the embodiments can be made without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for rapid comminution of the pod shell of a Medicago fruit pod, characterized in that, Include: The frame (1) is fixed with the fixed plate (13) on the lower side; The lifting unit is installed at the bottom of the fixed plate (13); The grinding bin (4) is driven and connected to the lifting unit, the grinding bin (4) is open on both sides, the inner wall is coaxially connected with the grinding plate (11), the surface of the grinding plate (11) is provided with spiral groove (12); The extrusion unit is installed on the upper side of the frame (1), the lifting plate (6) is driven and connected with the extrusion unit, the lifting plate (6) is driven to rise and fall by the extrusion unit; The motor (7) is installed on the top of the lifting plate (6), the motor (7) is driven and connected with the rotating pressure plate (10), the rotating pressure plate (10) is located above the grinding plate (11), and the outer diameter of the rotating pressure plate (10) is smaller than that of the grinding plate (11); The sliding groove (21) is provided in the rotating pressure plate (10), the mounting block (30) is slidingly fitted in the sliding groove (21), the through pin (14) is vertically connected to the bottom of the mounting block (30), the outer diameter of the through pin (14) is consistent with the width of the spiral groove (12), the waist-shaped hole (16) is provided in the bottom surface of the rotating pressure plate (10), and the lower end of the through pin (14) is free to pass through the waist-shaped hole (16); The rotating pressure plate (10) is connected with the baffle for closing the mouth of the sliding groove (21), the pull spring (26) is installed in the sliding groove (21), and the pull spring (26) is respectively connected to the outer wall of the mounting block (30) and the surface of one of the baffles.

2. The device for quickly crushing the pod shell of alfalfa fruit pods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting unit includes a horizontal plate connected to the bottom of the grinding bin (4), the horizontal plate is vertically connected with a guide column (15) at the bottom, the guide column (15) penetrates the fixed plate (13) slidingly, the fixed plate (13) is vertically connected with a lifting cylinder (2) at the bottom, and the lifting cylinder (2) is drivingly connected with the horizontal plate.

3. The device for rapid crushing of the pod shell of alfalfa fruit pods according to claim 1, characterized in that The fixed plate (13) is provided with a slope-shaped collecting groove (3) at the top, and the collecting groove (3) is located directly below the grinding bin (4).

4. The device for rapid crushing of the pod shell of alfalfa fruit pods according to claim 1, characterized in that The extrusion unit includes a top plate (8) connected to the upper side of the frame (1), the top plate (8) is vertically connected with an extrusion cylinder (9) at the top, and the extrusion cylinder (9) is connected with the lifting plate (6).

5. The device for rapid crushing of the pod shell of alfalfa fruit pods according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotating pressure plate (10) and the motor shaft of the motor (7) are provided with a reciprocating translation unit, which is used to drive the rotating pressure plate (10) to move horizontally when the rotating pressure plate (10) rotates.

6. A device for rapid comminution of legume pods according to claim 5, characterised in that, The reciprocating translation unit comprises a fixed seat (22) fixed on the top of the rotating disc (10), a sliding block (25) slidingly engaged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat (22), the motor shaft end of the motor (7) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the sliding block (25), the outer walls on both sides of the fixed seat (22) are fixedly and penetratingly provided with a fixed rod (28), the fixed rod (28) slidingly penetrates the sliding block (25), the bottom of the lifting plate (6) is provided with a driving assembly, which is used for intermittently driving the horizontal movement of the sliding block (25) when the rotating disc (10) rotates.

7. A device for rapid comminution of legume pods according to claim 6, characterised in that, The driving assembly comprises an annular seat (5) fixed on the bottom of the lifting plate (6), a special-shaped ring (18) coaxially installed on the lower side of the annular seat (5), a plurality of rollers (29) rotatably connected with the two ends of the fixed rod (28), a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions (24) fixed on the inner wall of the special-shaped ring (18), and a plurality of arc-shaped grooves (23) formed in the inner wall of the special-shaped ring (18), the arc-shaped protrusions (24) and the arc-shaped grooves (23) are located on the two sides of the radial direction of the special-shaped ring (18), the arc-shaped protrusions (24) and the arc-shaped grooves (23) are arranged in the axial direction of the special-shaped ring (18), and the rollers (29) are alternately connected with the inner wall of the special-shaped ring (18), the arc-shaped protrusions (24) and the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves (23) by rolling contact when the rotating disc (10) rotates.

8. The device for rapid crushing of the pod shell of alfalfa fruit pods according to claim 7, characterized in that The special-shaped ring (18) is rotatably connected in the inner cavity of the annular seat (5), the motor shaft of the motor (7) is fixedly sleeved with a driving gear (17), the bottom of the lifting plate (6) is rotatably connected with an intermediate gear (20) through a mounting rotating shaft, the upper end surface of the special-shaped ring (18) is coaxially fixedly connected with an internal gear (19), and the intermediate gear (20) is engaged with the driving gear (17) and the internal gear (19).

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