Pulverizer and pulverizing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of grinding, in particular to a flour mill and a flour milling method.The flour mill comprises a rack, a pressurizing mechanism, an inner cone and an outer cone, the inner cone is rotationally arranged on the rack, and the outer cone is arranged on the inner cone in a sleeving mode and arranged on the rack in a lifting mode through the pressurizing mechanism; the top of a gap between the outer cone and the inner cone is a feeding area, and the bottom is a grinding area; the pressurizing mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder, a connecting rod and an energy accumulator, and a cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is connected to the rack; one end of the connecting rod is connected with a piston rod of the lifting cylinder and the other end is connected with the outer cone; and the energy accumulator is connected with the lifting cylinder and is used for flexibly pressurizing the lifting cylinder. The flour mill has the advantages that the problem that an existing flour mill is prone to clamping stagnation in feeding due to the structure is solved, materials can be fed smoothly, and the flour milling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of grinding, and in particular to a flour mill and a flour grinding method. Background Art

[0002] In existing flour mills, most are flat disk and cone mills, which can grind, crush or pulverize various types of materials such as plastic materials and brittle materials into powders and for other industrial applications. The flat disk mill consists of a moving disk and a stationary disk. The material to be crushed passes radially from the center to the circumference of the disk between the grinding surfaces of the disk by centrifugal force. Due to structural limitations, the material is prone to bridging at the feed inlet, and the flat disk mill is prone to jamming and blocking at the central feed of the disk, and the material cannot be continuously ground, seriously affecting the material grinding efficiency. The cone mill consists of a moving cone and a stationary cone. The material is ground in the gap between the moving cone and the stationary cone. Since most existing cone mills have a fixed gap structure or an unreasonable design of the grinding teeth structure, larger materials cannot pass through smoothly, resulting in feed jamming and affecting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to improve the problem of easy feed jamming caused by the structure of the existing flour mill, make the material feed smoothly, and improve the grinding efficiency, this application provides a flour mill and a flour grinding method.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a flour mill, adopting the following technical solutions: A flour mill includes a frame, a pressing mechanism, an inner cone and an outer cone. The inner cone is rotatably arranged on the frame. The outer cone is sleeved on the inner cone and is arranged on the frame through the pressing mechanism in a lifting manner. The top of the gap between the outer cone and the inner cone is the feed area, and the bottom is the grinding area. The pressing mechanism includes a lifting cylinder, a connecting rod and an accumulator. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is connected to the frame. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder, and the other end is connected to the outer cone. The accumulator is connected to the lifting cylinder for providing flexible pressure to the lifting cylinder.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solutions, the pressing mechanism presses the outer cone to make the outer cone descend, applying a squeezing force to the inner cone, the material in the feed area and the material in the grinding area, and realizing the grinding of the material. An accumulator is added to the pressure application end of the lifting cylinder to enable flexible pressure application during the pressing process. When a certain section of the grinding cones (outer cone and inner cone) encounters a large piece of material and reaches a specified reaction force, the grinding cones can open to allow the material to pass through smoothly, and then return to the original position under the action of the pressing mechanism to continue squeezing and grinding. It can improve the problem of easy feed jamming, make the material feed smoothly, and improve the grinding efficiency.

[0006] Optionally, the pressing mechanism further includes a limiting component for adjusting the gap value at the grinding area. The limiting component includes a flange, a screw-nut group, a first top block, a second top block, and a plurality of gaskets. The flange is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder. The first top block, the gaskets, and the second top block are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and are located below the flange. The bottom surface of the second top block abuts against the top surface of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder. The screw of the screw-nut group passes through the flange, the first top block, the gaskets, and the second top block simultaneously, and is threadedly connected to the flange, the first top block, and the second top block. The nut of the screw-nut group is located above the flange and is threadedly connected to the screw.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the second top block directly acts on the top wall of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder, restricting the lowest position of the flange, thereby restricting the retraction of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder, and further restricting the lowest position of the outer cone's descent. The gaskets are used for rough adjustment of the gap between the inner cone and the outer cone, and the screw-nut group is used for fine adjustment of the gap between the inner cone and the outer cone, thereby adjusting the gap value at the grinding area.

[0008] Optionally, a limiting track for the lifting of the connecting rod is provided on the frame, and the width of the lifting rod is adapted to the width of the limiting track.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting track can restrict the movement of the outer cone in the circumferential direction and allow the outer cone to move up and down.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of grinding teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cone and the inner conical wall of the outer cone. A tooth groove is formed between two adjacent grinding teeth. The width of the tooth groove is X1 and is constant, and the width of the grinding teeth is X2 and gradually increases from the small ends of the outer cone and the inner cone to the large ends.

[0011] Optionally, the height of the grinding teeth is H and gradually decreases from the small ends of the outer cone and the inner cone to the large ends.

[0012] Optionally, the horizontal angle of the tooth groove is 45°, and the tooth grooves on the inner cone and the outer cone are arranged crosswise.

[0013] Optionally, the gap at the feeding area is larger than the gap at the grinding area, which is convenient for feeding.

[0014] Optionally, during initial adjustment, the gap value at the grinding area is 0.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the pressing mechanism, the outer cone achieves a zero gap at the grinding area with the inner cone, that is, the grinding teeth of the inner cone and the outer cone at the grinding area abut against each other. The material enters the feeding area, and the material smoothly enters the grinding area through the X1 of the tooth grooves on the surfaces of the outer cone and the inner cone. Due to the relative movement of the outer cone and the inner cone, H gradually decreases from the small ends to the large ends of the outer cone and the inner cone, as Figure 9As shown, due to the change in the tooth groove height, the small-end material continuously overflows and is extruded from the tooth groove. At this time, the X1 position of the tooth groove of the outer cone overlaps with the X2 position of the ground teeth of the inner cone, or the X2 position of the ground teeth of the outer cone overlaps with the X1 position of the inner cone, as Figure 7 shown.

[0016] In the grinding area, due to the relative movement of the outer cone and the inner cone, the material is extruded from the tooth groove. When the X2 positions of the ground teeth of the inner cone and the outer cone overlap with each other, under the downward pressure of the pressing mechanism, the material is ground, as Figure 6 shown.

[0017] It is possible to set the width X2 of the ground teeth at the minimum ends of the inner cone and the outer cone to zero. When the material is at the small ends of the inner cone and the outer cone, the X2 width is zero. At this time, all working surfaces are staggered at X1, realizing the maximum conveyance of the material towards the large ends of the inner cone and the outer cone. The X2 positions of all the ground teeth of the inner cone and the outer cone are staggered to form a Y3 staggered point, realizing the shearing of the large material just entering. In the direction towards the large ends of the inner cone and the outer cone, the number of Y3 of the staggered points remains unchanged, and the shearing effect remains unchanged. The Y1 area of the grinding area gradually increases from the small end to the large end, and the grinding effect becomes stronger, as Figure 5 shown.

[0018] Optionally, the pressing mechanisms are evenly distributed on the circumferential side of the outer cone, and the quantity is determined according to the sizes of the inner cone and the outer cone, so as to make the pressure applied in all directions of the outer cone circumference balanced.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a powder grinding method, adopting the following technical solution: A powder grinding method is carried out by the above-mentioned powder grinder, and includes the following steps: under the action of the pressing mechanism, the outer cone realizes a zero distance of the gap in the grinding area with the inner cone. The material falls from the hopper to the feeding area and enters the grinding area through the tooth groove, and at the same time, the inner cone rotates for grinding.

[0020] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. For a powder grinder and a powder grinding method of the present invention, compared with the existing feeding structure of a flat-plate grinder, an inner cone and an outer cone are provided to form a feeding area and a grinding area. In the direction from the small end to the large end of the grinding area, through the design that the width of the tooth groove remains unchanged and the depth gradually becomes smaller, the small-end material can smoothly enter the grinding area. Due to the change in the tooth groove height, the material continuously overflows and is extruded from the tooth groove, so that the material is sheared and ground; as the diameter of the large end increases, the grinding area increases, the grinding function is enhanced, and the shearing function remains unchanged, which is suitable for grinding various brittle and polymer materials; through the design of the change in the size of the ground teeth of the powder grinder, the material is ground and processed into finished products under the actions of shearing, grinding, extrusion, etc., and the jamming of the material can be reduced, and the feeding is smooth; 2. In a grinding mill and a grinding method of the present invention, compared with the existing cone mill structure, through the combined setting of a lifting cylinder and an accumulator, the pressurizing mechanism is evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the outer cone, so that the pressure applied in all directions of the outer cone circumference is balanced. An accumulator is added to the pressure application oil circuit end of the lifting cylinder to enable flexible pressure application during the pressurizing process. When a large piece of material is encountered in a certain section of the grinding cone, the grinding cone expands to allow the material to pass through, and then returns to the original position under the action of the pressurizing device and the limiting device to continue grinding. 3. In a grinding mill and a grinding method of the present invention, a limiting component is arranged on the lifting cylinder to limit the movement of the outer cone, enabling the grinding gap formed by the outer cone and the inner cone to be zero, endowing the grinding mill with a shear grinding function. Through the limiting channel inside the machine frame, the circumferential movement of the outer cone is restricted, and it can only move up and down. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a grinding mill according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressurizing mechanism.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram for showing the structure of the limiting plate in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a developed view of the outer surfaces of the inner and outer cones.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a developed view of the grinding.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram at Y1 of the material grinding.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram at Y2 of the material extrusion.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the grinding of the material at the small end.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a developed view of the grinding of the material at the small end.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the change in the tooth height of the grinding teeth.

[0031] Description of reference numerals: 1. Hopper; 2. Outer cone; 2.1 Connecting rod; 2.2 Feeding area; 2.3 Grinding area; 2.3.1 Tooth groove; 2.3.2 Grinding tooth; 3. Frame; 3.1 Limiting plate; 4. Limiting component; 4.1 Screw-nut group; 4.2 Gasket; 4.3 Second top block; 4.4 First top block; 5. Inner cone; 6. Pressing mechanism; 6.1 Flange; 6.2 Lifting cylinder; 6.3 Accumulator; 7. Main shaft; 8. Thrust bearing; 9. Motor reducer; 10. Small end; 11. Large end. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following further Figure 1-10 describes the present application in detail.

[0033] An embodiment of the present application discloses a flour mill and a flour milling method. Refer to Figure 1-2 , the flour mill includes a frame 3, a pressing mechanism 6, an inner cone 5 and an outer cone 2. A motor reducer 9 is fixedly installed on the frame 3, the rotating shaft of the motor reducer 9 is connected to a main shaft 7 through a thrust bearing 8, the bottom of the inner cone 5 is nested on the top end of the main shaft 7 and fixedly connected to the main shaft 7, so that the inner cone 5 is rotatably arranged on the frame 3 to realize power input, and the thrust bearing 8 bears the downward extrusion force applied by the pressing mechanism 6.

[0034] The outer cone 2 is sleeved on the inner cone 5 and is arranged on the frame 3 in a lifting manner through the pressing mechanism 6; the top of the gap between the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5 is the feeding area 2.2, and the bottom is the grinding area 2.3. The gap of the feeding area 2.2 is larger than that of the grinding area 2.3 to facilitate feeding. A hopper 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 3, and the hopper 1 is arranged opposite to the opening at the top of the outer cone 2.

[0035] The pressing mechanisms 6 are evenly distributed on the circumferential side of the outer cone 2, and the number is determined according to the sizes of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2 to make the pressures applied in all directions of the circumference of the outer cone 2 balanced. The pressing mechanism 6 includes a lifting cylinder 6.2, a connecting rod 2.1 and an accumulator 6.3. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 6.2 is connected to the frame 3. In the embodiment of the present application, the lifting cylinder 6.2 is a hydraulic cylinder; one end of the connecting rod 2.1 is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 6.2, and the other end is connected to the outer cone 2; the accumulator 6.3 is connected to the lifting cylinder 6.2 for supplying flexible pressure to the lifting cylinder 6.2.

[0036] The pressing mechanism 6 presses the outer cone 2 to make the outer cone 2 descend, applying a squeezing force to the inner cone 5, the material in the feeding area 2.2 and the material in the grinding area 2.3, so as to realize the grinding of the material. An accumulator 6.3 is added to the pressure - applying end of the lifting cylinder 6.2, so that the pressing process can achieve flexible pressing. When a certain section of the grinding cones (outer cone 2 and inner cone 5) encounters large - sized materials and reaches the specified reaction thrust, the grinding cones can open to allow the materials to pass through smoothly, and then return to the original position under the action of the pressing mechanism 6 to continue extrusion and grinding. This can improve the problem of easy jamming during feeding, enable the materials to be fed smoothly, and improve the grinding efficiency.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 , the pressing mechanism 6 further includes a limit component 4 for adjusting the gap value at the grinding area 2.3. The limit component 4 includes a flange 6.1, a screw - nut group 4.1, a first top block 4.4, a second top block 4.3 and a number of gaskets 4.2. The flange 6.1 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 6.2. The first top block 4.4, the gaskets 4.2 and the second top block 4.3 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and are located below the flange 6.1. The bottom surface of the second top block 4.3 abuts against the top surface of the cylinder block of the lifting cylinder 6.2. The screw of the screw - nut group 4.1 passes through the flange 6.1, the first top block 4.4, the gaskets 4.2 and the second top block 4.3 at the same time and is thread - connected to the flange 6.1, the first top block 4.4 and the second top block 4.3; the nut of the screw - nut group 4.1 is located above the flange 6.1 and is thread - connected to the screw.

[0038] The second top block 4.3 directly acts on the top wall of the cylinder block of the lifting cylinder 6.2, restricting the lowest position of the flange 6.1, thereby restricting the retraction of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 6.2, and further restricting the lowest position of the descent of the outer cone 2. The gasket 4.2 conducts a rough adjustment of the gap between the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2, and the screw - nut group 4.1 conducts a fine adjustment of the gap between the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2, so as to adjust the gap value at the grinding area.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , a limit plate 3.1 is fixedly connected to the frame 3. Every two limit plates 3.1 form a limit track at intervals. The limit track is used for the lifting of the connecting rod 2.1. The width of the lifting rod is adapted to the width of the limit track. The limit track can restrict the movement of the outer cone 2 in the circumferential direction and allow the outer cone 2 to move up and down.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4-10, a plurality of grinding teeth 2.3.2 are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cone 5 and the inner wall of the outer cone 2 of the inner cone 5. A tooth groove 2.3.1 is formed between two adjacent grinding teeth 2.3.2. The width of the tooth groove 2.3.1 is X1 and remains constant. The width of the grinding tooth 2.3.2 is X2 and gradually increases from the small end 10 to the large end 11 of the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5. The height of the grinding tooth 2.3.2 is H and gradually decreases from the small end 10 to the large end 11 of the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5. The horizontal angle of the tooth groove 2.3.1 is 45°, and the tooth grooves 2.3.1 on the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2 are arranged in a cross pattern. During initial adjustment, the gap value at the grinding area 2.3 is 0, that is, the grinding teeth 2.3.2 of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2 at the grinding area 2.3 are in contact with each other.

[0041] Under the action of the pressing mechanism 6, the outer cone 2 achieves a zero gap at the grinding area 2.3 with the inner cone 5. The material enters the feeding area 2.2. The material smoothly enters the grinding area 2.3 through the X1 of the tooth grooves 2.3.1 on the surfaces of the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5. Due to the relative movement of the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5, H gradually decreases from the small end 10 to the large end 11 of the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5, as Figure 9 shown. At the small end 10, the material continuously overflows and is extruded from the tooth groove 2.3.1 due to the change in the height of the tooth groove 2.3.1. At this time, the X1 of the tooth groove 2.3.1 of the outer cone 2 overlaps with the X2 of the grinding tooth 2.3.2 of the inner cone 5, or the X2 of the grinding tooth 2.3.2 of the outer cone 2 overlaps with the X1 of the inner cone 5, as Figure 7 shown.

[0042] Inside the grinding area 2.3, due to the relative movement of the outer cone 2 and the inner cone 5, the material is extruded from the tooth groove 2.3.1. When the X2 of the grinding teeth 2.3.2 of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2 overlap with each other, under the downward pressure of the pressing mechanism 6, the material is ground, as Figure 6 shown.

[0043] It can be set that the X2 of the width of the grinding tooth 2.3.2 at the smallest end 10 of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2 is zero. When the material is at the small end 10 of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2, the X2 width is zero. At this time, all working surfaces are staggered at X1, realizing the maximum conveyance of the material towards the large end 11 of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2. The X2 of all the grinding teeth 2.3.2 of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2 are staggered to form a Y3 staggered point, realizing the shearing of the just-entering large material. Towards the large end 11 direction of the inner cone 5 and the outer cone 2, the number of Y3 at the staggered point remains unchanged, and the shearing effect remains unchanged. The Y1 area of the grinding area 2.3 gradually increases from the small end 10 to the large end 11, and the grinding effect becomes stronger, as Figure 5 shown.

[0044] In a second aspect, the present application provides a powder grinding method, adopting the following technical solution: A powder grinding method, carried out by the above-mentioned grinding machine, comprises the following steps: under the action of the pressing mechanism 6, the outer cone 2 achieves zero distance of the gap in the grinding area 2.3 from the inner cone 5, the material falls from the hopper 1 to the feeding area 2.2, enters the grinding area 2.3 through the tooth grooves 2.3.1, and at the same time rotates the inner cone 5 for grinding.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A flour mill, characterized in that: It includes a frame (3), a pressing mechanism (6), an inner cone (5) and an outer cone (2). The inner cone (5) is rotatably arranged on the frame (3). The outer cone (2) is sleeved on the inner cone (5) and is arranged on the frame (3) in a lifting manner through the pressing mechanism (6). The top of the gap between the outer cone (2) and the inner cone (5) is the feeding area (2.2), and the bottom is the grinding area (2.3). The pressing mechanism (6) includes a lifting cylinder (6.2), a connecting rod (2.1) and an accumulator (6.3). The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder (6.2) is connected to the frame (3). One end of the connecting rod (2.1) is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (6.2), and the other end is connected to the outer cone (2). The accumulator (6.3) is connected to the lifting cylinder (6.2) for providing flexible pressure to the lifting cylinder (6.2).

2. The flour mill according to claim 1, wherein: The pressing mechanism (6) further includes a limiting component (4) for adjusting the gap value at the grinding area (2.3). The limiting component (4) includes a flange (6.1), a screw-nut group (4.1), a first top block (4.4), a second top block (4.3) and a plurality of gaskets (4.2). The flange (6.1) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (6.2). The first top block (4.4), the gaskets (4.2) and the second top block (4.3) are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and are located below the flange (6.1). The bottom surface of the second top block (4.3) abuts against the top surface of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder (6.2). The screw of the screw-nut group (4.1) passes through the flange (6.1), the first top block (4.4), the gaskets (4.2) and the second top block (4.3) at the same time and is threadedly connected to the flange (6.1), the first top block (4.4) and the second top block (4.3). The nut of the screw-nut group (4.1) is located above the flange (6.1) and is threadedly connected to the screw.

3. A flour mill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The frame (3) is provided with a limiting track for the lifting of the connecting rod (2.1), and the width of the lifting rod is adapted to the width of the limiting track.

4. A flour mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of grinding teeth (2.3.2) are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cone (5) and the inner cone (5) wall of the outer cone (2). A tooth groove (2.3.1) is formed between two adjacent grinding teeth (2.3.2). The width of the tooth groove (2.3.1) is X1 and remains constant. The width of the grinding tooth (2.3.2) is X2 and gradually increases from the small end (10) to the large end (11) of the outer cone (2) and the inner cone (5).

5. A flour mill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the grinding tooth (2.3.2) is H and gradually decreases from the small end (10) to the large end (11) of the outer cone (2) and the inner cone (5).

6. A flour mill according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal angle of the tooth groove (2.3.1) is 45°, and the tooth grooves (2.3.1) on the inner cone (5) and the outer cone (2) are arranged in a cross manner.

7. A flour mill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gap of the feeding area (2.2) is larger than the gap of the grinding area (2.3).

8. A flour mill according to claim 6, characterized in that: During initial adjustment, the gap value at the grinding area (2.3) is 0.

9. A flour mill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressing mechanisms (6) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer cone (2).

10. A powder grinding method, carried out by the powder grinding machine of claim 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: under the action of the pressing mechanism (6), the outer cone (2) achieves zero clearance in the grinding zone (2.3) with the inner cone (5). The material falls from the hopper (1) to the feeding area (2.2), enters the grinding zone (2.3) through the tooth grooves (2.3.1), and at the same time rotates the inner cone (5) for grinding.

Images