Scrapped lithium battery cell pole piece separation equipment and separation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to scrap lithium battery cell pole piece separation equipment and method, the scrap lithium battery cell pole piece separation equipment comprises a bottom plate, a feeding conveyor, a discharging conveyor and the like, and the top of the bottom plate is provided with the feeding conveyor and the discharging conveyor. First electric saws on the upper side and the lower side can cut the upper side and the lower side of a scrapped lithium battery shell correspondingly, the right side of the scrapped lithium battery shell can be cut through the first electric saws, the left side of the scrapped lithium battery shell can be cut through a second electric saw, and the front side and the rear side of the scrapped lithium battery shell are cut off; the battery cell can be pushed forwards through the pushing frame, the battery cell is pushed out of the shell, separation of the battery cell and the shell is completed, the integrity of the battery cell can be guaranteed, and active substances in the battery cell can be finely extracted and efficiently reutilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly to a device and method for separating the electrode sheets of a scrapped lithium battery cell. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid popularization of new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices, lithium batteries have been widely used as the main power source. However, during the use of lithium batteries, they will gradually age and become scrapped. Scrapped lithium batteries contain a large amount of valuable metal materials such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, etc. Recycling scrapped lithium batteries helps the recycling of resources and reduces the dependence on natural resources.

[0003] Currently, most of the treatment methods for scrapped lithium batteries adopt a rough physical crushing method. The scrapped lithium batteries are sent into a crusher for overall crushing, and all parts such as the shell, electrode materials, and electrolyte are broken up. Then, through a separator, a preliminary separation is carried out according to the physical property differences of the materials (such as density, magnetism, etc.) to obtain the recyclable components. By using the crushing method for treatment, the battery cells inside the scrapped lithium batteries are often difficult to maintain a complete form. A battery cell is composed of key components such as a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte, which are stacked or wound in an orderly manner, and the structure is precise and complex. Currently, there is a lack of technical means for separating the battery cells alone. By using the crushing method for treatment, it is easy to cause serious damage to the structure of the battery cells, resulting in difficulty in the refined extraction and efficient reuse of the active substances inside the battery cells during the subsequent recycling process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a device and method for separating the electrode sheets of a scrapped lithium battery cell, which can overcome the drawback that using the crushing method for treatment is easy to cause serious damage to the structure of the battery cells, resulting in difficulty in the refined extraction and efficient reuse of the active substances inside the battery cells during the subsequent recycling process.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device, which includes a bottom plate, a feeding conveyor, a discharging conveyor, a vertical lead screw motor, guide rods, a lifting plate, a lifting frame, a saw 1, a saw 2, a machine frame, guide rails, a sliding plate, a horizontal lead screw motor, a pushing frame, a supporting mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a cutting mechanism. The feeding conveyor and the discharging conveyor are installed on the top of the bottom plate. The vertical lead screw motor is installed in the middle of the top of the bottom plate. The guide rods are connected to the top of the bottom plate. The lifting plate is slidably connected to the guide rods. The lead screw of the vertical lead screw motor is threadedly connected to the lifting plate. Lifting frames are connected to the front and rear sides of the top of the lifting plate. Saw 1 for cutting the outer shell of the waste lithium battery is installed on both the upper and lower sides of the lifting frame. Saw 2 for cutting the outer shell of the waste lithium battery is installed on the top of the lifting frame. A discharging port is opened on the lifting plate. The machine frame is connected to the bottom plate. The guide rails are installed on the top of the machine frame. The sliding plate is slidably connected in the guide rails. The horizontal lead screw motor is installed in the guide rails. The lead screw of the horizontal lead screw motor is threadedly connected to the sliding plate. The pushing frame is connected to the sliding plate. The supporting mechanism is used to support the waste lithium battery. The pressing mechanism is used to press the waste lithium battery. The cutting mechanism is used to cut off the wires on the battery core of the waste lithium battery.

[0006] As a further preferred solution, the supporting mechanism includes a mounting frame and a supporting conveyor. The mounting frame is connected to the guide rods. The supporting conveyor for supporting the waste lithium battery is installed in the mounting frame.

[0007] As a further preferred solution, the pressing mechanism includes a mounting plate, a mounting box and a pressing conveyor. The mounting plate is connected to the bottom of the guide rails. The mounting box is connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. The pressing conveyor for pressing the waste lithium battery is installed in the mounting box.

[0008] As a further preferred solution, the cutting mechanism includes a connecting plate and a cutting knife. The connecting plates are connected to the top of the lifting frames. The cutting knives for cutting off the wires on the battery core of the waste lithium battery are connected to the connecting plates.

[0009] As a further preferred solution, it further includes a connecting frame and a guiding plate. The connecting frames are connected to the feeding conveyor and the discharging conveyor. The guiding plate is connected between the two connecting frames.

[0010] As a further preferred solution, it further includes a baffle. The baffle for blocking the outer shell of the waste lithium battery is connected to the top of the front connecting plate.

[0011] As a further preferred solution, it further includes a guiding plate. The guiding plates for guiding the waste lithium battery are connected to the lifting frames.

[0012] The present invention also provides a separation method for a waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device, including the following steps: S1: Place the scrapped lithium battery on the feeding conveyor. The feeding conveyor transports the scrapped lithium battery to the left and conveys it to the supporting conveyor. The electric saws 1 on the upper and lower sides respectively cut the upper and lower sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S2: After the scrapped lithium battery is completely conveyed to the supporting conveyor, the pressing conveyor presses the scrapped lithium battery. The electric saw 2 aligns with the left side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the electric saw 1 aligns with the right side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S3: Control the vertical lead screw motor to drive the electric saws 1 and 2 to move downward. The electric saw 1 cuts the right side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the electric saw 2 cuts the left side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, cutting off the front and back sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S4: The cutting knife moves downward together with the lifting frame. The cutting knife cuts off the wire on the battery cell of the scrapped lithium battery, completely separating the battery cell from the cut-off part on the outer shell. The cut-off part on the outer shell falls downward through the discharge port. S5: Control the horizontal lead screw motor to drive the pushing frame to move forward. The pushing frame pushes the battery cell forward, pushing the battery cell out of the outer shell, completing the separation of the battery cell and the outer shell.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, the electric saws 1 on the upper and lower sides can respectively cut the upper and lower sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. The electric saw 1 can cut the right side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the electric saw 2 can cut the left side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, cutting off the front and back sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. The pushing frame can push the battery cell forward, pushing the battery cell out of the outer shell, completing the separation of the battery cell and the outer shell, and can ensure the integrity of the battery cell, so as to carry out refined extraction and efficient reuse of the active substances inside the battery cell.

[0014] 2. The pushing frame can push the battery cell onto the guide plate and slide downward along the guide plate. A conveyor belt can be arranged below the guide plate, and the battery cell is conveyed to the next station through the conveyor belt, forming a production line to improve work efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the vertical lead screw motor and the guide rod of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the lifting plate, the lifting frame, the electric saw 1, the electric saw 2 and the discharge port of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the guide rail, slide plate, horizontal lead screw motor and push frame of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism and pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the connecting frame and material guiding plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the baffle and guiding plate of the present invention.

[0024] Among them: 1-bottom plate, 2-inlet conveyor, 3-outlet conveyor, 4-vertical lead screw motor, 5-guide rod, 6-lifting plate, 7-lifting frame, 8-saw 1, 9-saw 2, 10-outlet, 11-frame, 12-guide rail, 13-slide plate, 14-horizontal lead screw motor, 15-push frame, 16-mounting frame, 17-support conveyor, 18-mounting plate, 19-mounting box, 20-pressing conveyor, 21-connecting plate, 22-cutting tool, 23-connecting frame, 24-material guiding plate, 25-baffle, 26-guiding plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Refer to Figures 1-7, A waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device, including a bottom plate 1, a feeding conveyor 2, a discharging conveyor 3, a vertical lead screw motor 4, guide rods 5, a lifting plate 6, a lifting frame 7, a first electric saw 8, a second electric saw 9, a frame 11, a guide rail 12, a sliding plate 13, a horizontal lead screw motor 14, a pushing frame 15, a supporting mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a cutting mechanism. On the right side of the top of the bottom plate 1, a feeding conveyor 2 is installed by bolts, on the left side of the top of the bottom plate 1, a discharging conveyor 3 is installed by bolts, in the middle of the top of the bottom plate 1, a vertical lead screw motor 4 is installed by bolts, and four guide rods 5 are connected to the middle of the top of the bottom plate 1. The four guide rods 5 are distributed in a rectangular array. A lifting plate 6 is slidably connected to the four guide rods 5. By guiding the lifting plate 6 with the four guide rods 5, the inclination of the lifting plate 6 can be avoided. The lead screw of the vertical lead screw motor 4 is threadedly connected to the lifting plate 6. On the front and rear sides of the top of the lifting plate 6, lifting frames 7 are connected by bolts. On the upper and lower sides of the right part of the lifting frame 7, first electric saws 8 are installed, and on the left side of the top of the lifting frame 7, second electric saws 9 are installed. On the front and rear parts of the lifting plate 6, discharge ports 10 are opened. In the middle of the rear side of the bottom plate 1, a frame 11 is connected by bolts. On the top of the frame 11, a guide rail 12 is installed by bolts. A sliding plate 13 is slidably connected in the guide rail 12. A horizontal lead screw motor 14 is installed in the guide rail 12. The lead screw of the horizontal lead screw motor 14 is threadedly connected to the sliding plate 13. On the lower part of the front side of the sliding plate 13, a pushing frame 15 is connected by bolts. The supporting mechanism is used to support the waste lithium battery, the pressing mechanism is used to press the waste lithium battery, and the cutting mechanism is used to cut off the wires on the battery core of the waste lithium battery.

[0027] Refer to Figure 5 , The supporting mechanism includes a mounting frame 16 and a supporting conveyor 17. The upper ends of the four guide rods 5 are jointly connected to a mounting frame 16, and a supporting conveyor 17 is installed in the mounting frame 16 by bolts.

[0028] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , The pressing mechanism includes a mounting plate 18, a mounting box 19 and a pressing conveyor 20. On the left and right sides of the front side of the bottom of the guide rail 12, mounting plates 18 are connected by bolts. At the bottom of the two mounting plates 18, a mounting box 19 is jointly connected by bolts, and a pressing conveyor 20 is installed in the mounting box 19 by bolts.

[0029] Refer to Figure 7 , The cutting mechanism includes a connecting plate 21 and a cutting knife 22. On the top of the lifting frame 7, connecting plates 21 are connected by bolts. On the side of the two connecting plates 21 close to each other, cutting knives 22 are connected by bolts.

[0030] Refer to Figure 8 , It further includes a connecting frame 23 and a guiding plate 24. On the front sides of the feeding conveyor 2 and the discharging conveyor 3, connecting frames 23 are connected by bolts, and a guiding plate 24 is connected between the two connecting frames 23.

[0031] Refer to Figure 9 , and further includes a baffle 25. Both the left and right sides of the top of the connecting plate 21 on the front side are connected to the baffle 25 by bolts.

[0032] Refer to Figure 9 , and further includes a guide plate 26. Both sides of the two lifting frames 7 close to each other are connected to the guide plate 26 by bolts. The right side of the guide plate 26 is an inclined surface.

[0033] The staff places the scrapped lithium battery on the feeding conveyor 2. The feeding conveyor 2 conveys the scrapped lithium battery to the left and transports it to the supporting conveyor 17. The scrapped lithium battery will contact the inclined surface on the right side of the guide plate 26 and move to the left along the inclined surface on the right side of the guide plate 26. The guide plate 26 can guide the scrapped lithium battery to ensure that the scrapped lithium battery can move to the designated position more accurately. At this time, the saws 8 on the upper and lower sides respectively cut the upper and lower sides of the front and rear sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. After the scrapped lithium battery is completely transported to the supporting conveyor 17, the pressing conveyor 20 can press the scrapped lithium battery to prevent the scrapped lithium battery from shaking. The saw 9 will align with the left side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the saw 8 will align with the right side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. Then, control the vertical lead screw motor 4 to drive the lifting plate 6 to move downward. The lifting plate 6 drives the lifting frame 7 to move downward. The lifting frame 7 drives the saw 8 and the saw 9 to move downward. The saw 8 and the saw 9 respectively cut the left and right sides of the front and rear sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. In this way, the front and rear sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery can be cut off. At the same time, the cutter 22 will move downward together with the lifting frame 7. The cutter 22 can cut off the wires on the battery core of the scrapped lithium battery, so that the battery core and the cut-off part on the outer shell are completely separated. The cut-off part on the outer shell will fall downward through the discharge port 10. At this time, the pushing frame 15 corresponds to the battery core of the scrapped lithium battery. Control the horizontal lead screw motor 14 to drive the sliding plate 13 to move forward. The sliding plate 13 drives the pushing frame 15 to move forward. The pushing frame 15 pushes the battery core forward and pushes the battery core out of the outer shell, completing the separation of the battery core and the outer shell, and ensuring the integrity of the battery core, so as to carry out refined extraction and efficient reuse of the active substances inside the battery core. The battery core will fall onto the guide plate 24 and slide downward along the guide plate 24. A conveyor belt can be arranged below the guide plate 24, and the battery core is conveyed to the next station through the conveyor belt to form a production line, improving work efficiency. The baffle 25 can block the outer shell to prevent the outer shell from moving forward together with the battery core. Then, the supporting conveyor 17 and the pressing conveyor 20 together convey the outer shell to the left and transport the outer shell to the discharge conveyor 3. The discharge conveyor 3 conveys the outer shell to the left and sends the outer shell away.

[0034] The present invention also provides a separation method for a separation device of a scrapped lithium battery cell electrode sheet, including the following steps: S1: Place the scrapped lithium battery on the feeding conveyor 2. The feeding conveyor 2 conveys the scrapped lithium battery to the left and transports it to the supporting conveyor 17. The electric saws I 8 on the upper and lower sides respectively cut the upper and lower sides of the shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S2: After the scrapped lithium battery is completely transported to the supporting conveyor 17, the pressing conveyor 20 presses the scrapped lithium battery. The electric saw II 9 will align with the left side of the shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the electric saw I 8 will align with the right side of the shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S3: Control the vertical lead screw motor 4 to drive the electric saw I 8 and the electric saw II 9 to move downward. The electric saw I 8 cuts the right side of the shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the electric saw II 9 cuts the left side of the shell of the scrapped lithium battery, cutting off the front and rear sides of the shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S4: The cutting knife 22 will move downward together with the lifting frame 7. The cutting knife 22 cuts off the wires on the battery core of the scrapped lithium battery, completely separating the battery core from the cut-off part on the shell. The cut-off part on the shell will fall downward through the discharge port 10. S5: Control the horizontal lead screw motor 14 to drive the pushing frame 15 to move forward. The pushing frame 15 pushes the battery core forward, pushing the battery core out of the shell, and completing the separation of the battery core and the shell.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device, comprising a bottom plate (1), a feeding conveyor (2) and a discharging conveyor (3). The feeding conveyor (2) and the discharging conveyor (3) are installed on the top of the bottom plate (1). It is characterized in that, It further includes a vertical lead screw motor (4), a guide rod (5), a lifting plate (6), a lifting frame (7), a first electric saw (8), a second electric saw (9), a frame (11), a guide rail (12), a sliding plate (13), a horizontal lead screw motor (14), a pushing frame (15), a supporting mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a cutting mechanism. A vertical lead screw motor (4) is installed in the middle at the top of the bottom plate (1). The top of the bottom plate (1) is connected with a guide rod (5). A lifting plate (6) is slidably connected to the guide rod (5). The lead screw of the vertical lead screw motor (4) is threadedly connected to the lifting plate (6). Both the front and rear sides at the top of the lifting plate (6) are connected with a lifting frame (7). Both the upper and lower sides of the lifting frame (7) are installed with a first electric saw (8) for cutting the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. The top of the lifting frame (7) is installed with a second electric saw (9) for cutting the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. A discharge port (10) is formed on the lifting plate (6). A frame (11) is connected to the bottom plate (1). A guide rail (12) is installed at the top of the frame (11). A sliding plate (13) is slidably connected in the guide rail (12). A horizontal lead screw motor (14) is installed in the guide rail (12). The lead screw of the horizontal lead screw motor (14) is threadedly connected to the sliding plate (13). A pushing frame (15) is connected to the sliding plate (13). The supporting mechanism is used to support the scrapped lithium battery. The pressing mechanism is used to press the scrapped lithium battery. The cutting mechanism is used to cut off the wires on the battery core of the scrapped lithium battery.

2. The scrap lithium battery cell pole piece separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting mechanism includes a mounting frame (16) and a supporting conveyor (17). A mounting frame (16) is connected to the guide rod (5). A supporting conveyor (17) for supporting the scrapped lithium battery is installed in the mounting frame (16).

3. The waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing mechanism includes a mounting plate (18), a mounting box (19) and a pressing conveyor (20). A mounting plate (18) is connected to the bottom of the guide rail (12). A mounting box (19) is connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (18). A pressing conveyor (20) for pressing the scrapped lithium battery is installed in the mounting box (19).

4. The a waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism includes a connecting plate (21) and a cutting knife (22). Connecting plates (21) are connected to the top of both lifting frames (7). Cutting knives (22) for cutting off the wires on the battery core of the scrapped lithium battery are connected to the connecting plates (21).

5. The waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a connecting frame (23) and a guiding plate (24). Connecting frames (23) are connected to both the feeding conveyor (2) and the discharging conveyor (3). A guiding plate (24) is connected between the two connecting frames (23).

6. The a waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes a baffle (25). A baffle (25) for blocking the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery is connected to the top of the front connecting plate (21).

7. The waste lithium battery cell pole piece separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a guiding plate (26). Guiding plates (26) for guiding the scrapped lithium battery are connected to both lifting frames (7).

8. The separation method of a separation device for scrap lithium battery cell electrode sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Place the scrapped lithium battery on the feeding conveyor (2). The feeding conveyor (2) conveys the scrapped lithium battery to the left and conveys the scrapped lithium battery to the supporting conveyor (17). The upper and lower first electric saws (8) respectively cut the upper and lower sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery. S2: After the scrapped lithium battery is completely conveyed onto the support conveyor (17), the pressing conveyor (20) presses the scrapped lithium battery. The second electric saw (9) will align with the left side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the first electric saw (8) will align with the right side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery; S3: Control the vertical lead screw motor (4) to drive the first electric saw (8) and the second electric saw (9) to move downward. The first electric saw (8) cuts the right side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, and the second electric saw (9) cuts the left side of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery, cutting off the front and rear sides of the outer shell of the scrapped lithium battery; S4: The cutting knife (22) will move downward together with the lifting frame (7). The cutting knife (22) cuts off the wires on the battery core of the scrapped lithium battery, completely separating the battery core from the cut-off part on the outer shell. The cut-off part on the outer shell will fall downward through the discharge port (10); S5: Control the horizontal lead screw motor (14) to drive the pushing frame (15) to move forward. The pushing frame (15) pushes the battery core forward, pushing the battery core out of the outer shell to complete the separation of the battery core and the outer shell.

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