Efficient group machining device and method for valve bridge type parts

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient group machining device and method for valve bridge parts, and belongs to the technical field of machining. Comprising a bottom plate, positioning pins, a double-sided fixing clamp, a pressing plate and equal-height blocks. The length of the bottom plate can be adjusted according to the size of the working table of the machine tool; the positioning pin is vertically fixed to the bottom plate and used for being inserted into a pin hole of a workpiece to achieve center positioning. The double-face fixing clamp is arranged on the bottom plate and used for clamping and positioning the opposite ends of the two symmetrically-arranged workpieces in one set at the same time. The pressing plate is used for pressing the workpiece; the equal-height blocks are arranged on the bottom plate and used for supporting the bottom face of a workpiece. The positioning pin, the double-face fixing clamp and the pressing plate jointly achieve six-point positioning of a workpiece. Through the innovative clamp design, multiple workpieces are positioned and clamped at the same time, and key features are completed through one-time machining. Compared with a traditional method, the machining efficiency is improved, the positioning precision is high, the structure is simple, adjustment is convenient, and the method is suitable for batch machining of various T-shaped parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to an efficient group machining device and method for valve bridge parts, and is especially suitable for batch machining of T-shaped parts such as diesel engine valve bridges. Background Art

[0002] The valve bridge is a key part of a diesel engine, and its structure is as Figures 5 - 6 shown, which is used to drive two or more valves simultaneously, and its machining quality directly affects the working efficiency and performance of the engine. The dimensional tolerance of the valve bridge part is relatively strict, and the parallelism between the two side holes / screw holes and the middle pin hole is 0.015 mm, with relatively high requirements. The conventional machining scheme is to first machine the middle pin hole on a lathe, align it by scribing, machine one side hole on a vertical machining center as the positioning reference, use a one-plane-two-pin positioning method for clamping and positioning, and then machine the other side hole. During the machining process, the center pin hole and the two side holes are divided into three processes, and only one part can be machined at a time.

[0003] The traditional machining method has the following problems: 1. The machining of the two side holes in the traditional machining method is divided into two processes, both of which require positioning or alignment with the middle pin hole, resulting in multiple clamping and positioning, large repeated positioning errors, and affecting machining accuracy; 2. Different positioning methods are used for each process, requiring independent clamping and alignment, with large machining errors, and only one part can be machined for each clamping, resulting in low efficiency; 3. The processes are scattered, the preparation time is long, and the production cost is high; 4. High technical requirements for operators and poor quality stability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a machining device and method that can achieve efficient group machining, has a simple structure, and is convenient to adjust. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention: Provide an efficient group machining device and method for valve bridge parts, and the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy in the traditional machining method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention: An efficient group machining device for valve bridge parts, including a bottom plate, a positioning pin, a double-sided fixed fixture, a pressing plate, and an equal-height block; The bottom plate is used to be installed on the machine tool workbench surface, and its length can be adjusted according to the size of the machine tool workbench surface; The positioning pin is vertically fixed on the bottom plate and is used to insert into the pin hole of the workpiece to achieve central positioning; The double-sided fixed fixture is arranged on the bottom plate and is used to simultaneously clamp and position the relative ends of two symmetrically arranged workpieces in a group; The pressing plate is used to press the workpiece; The equal-height block is arranged on the bottom plate and is used to support the bottom surface of the workpiece; Among them, the positioning pin, double-sided fixing fixture and pressing plate jointly achieve six-point positioning of the workpiece.

[0007] For further limitation of the above solution, by adjusting the length of the bottom plate and the number of double-sided fixing fixtures, simultaneous positioning and clamping of multiple groups of parts are achieved; multiple mounting holes are provided on the bottom plate for flexibly adjusting the positions of the positioning pin and the double-sided fixing fixture.

[0008] For further limitation of the above solution, each double-sided fixing fixture includes a double-sided fixture body, a wedge block, a positioning bolt and a fixing screw; Symmetrical V-shaped positioning blocks are provided on both sides of the double-sided fixture body. A U-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the double-sided fixture body. The U-shaped groove makes the connection between the two V-shaped positioning blocks elastic. The upper mouths of both sides of the U-shaped groove are inclined planes. The U-shaped groove in the middle of the double-sided fixture body is fixedly connected to the bottom plate through a positioning bolt. The wedge block is inserted into the U-shaped groove and acts on the inclined planes on both sides to slightly displace the two V-shaped positioning blocks to the two sides to contact the corresponding workpiece ends for positioning, and the wedge block is connected to the bottom plate through a fixing screw.

[0009] For further limitation of the above solution, anti-slip lines are provided on the clamping surfaces of the V-shaped positioning blocks.

[0010] For further limitation of the above solution, the pressing plate is connected to the bottom plate through bolts and nuts, the pressing force is adjustable, and an elastic gasket is provided on the contact surface of the pressing plate to prevent damage to the workpiece surface.

[0011] For further limitation of the above solution, the bottom plate is made of high-strength cast iron or aluminum alloy material, and the surface is hardened to improve wear resistance and service life.

[0012] An efficient group machining method for valve bridge parts includes the following steps: Install the bottom plate on the machine tool workbench and perform positioning and clamping; Install the pin hole of the workpiece into the positioning pin, and support the bottom surface of the workpiece through an equal-height block; Tighten the double-sided fixing fixture to limit the relative ends of the two symmetrically arranged workpieces and restrict the rotation of the workpiece; Use the pressing plate to press the workpiece; Machine the two side end faces and hole structures of the workpiece; After machining is completed, loosen the pressing plate and the double-sided fixing fixture and remove the workpiece.

[0013] For further limitation of the above solution, the machining method is applicable to the efficient batch machining of diesel engine valve bridges, T-shaped parts and other plate-like parts with similar structures.

[0014] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art: 1. By optimizing the fixture structure, this solution enables the efficient machining of T-shaped parts such as valve bridges. The same-station machining of holes on both sides can be achieved in one clamping, reducing one clamping operation. Moreover, by using a group module, the simultaneous positioning and clamping of multiple workpieces can be realized, and key features can be machined in one operation, achieving efficient and high-quality group machining of parts, with the machining efficiency increased by more than 50%. 2. In this solution, a double-sided fixed fixture can realize the simultaneous positioning and clamping of two parts. The fixture structure is simple, with low manufacturing cost, convenient maintenance, simple operation, and reduced technical requirements for operators. 3. The machining method in this solution is easier to improve the cutting parameters and has higher efficiency compared with traditional machining methods. 4. The machining method in this solution has lower requirements for equipment and tools. General equipment and tools can meet the machining requirements, saving costs. 5. This solution has good versatility and a wide range of applications. It can be extended to the machining of various T-shaped and plate-like parts, with a wide range of application fields and good promotion value. 6. This solution is reasonably designed, with a stable, reliable, and safe structure. The machining method can meet the machining of high-quality parts and has high machining efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the top view of the structure of the high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts in the present invention; Figure 2 It is the side view of the structure of the high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts in the present invention; Figure 3 It is the front view of the structure of the double-sided fixed fixture in the present invention; Figure 4 It is the top view of the structure of the double-sided fixed fixture in the present invention; Figure 5 It is the top view of the structure of a valve bridge workpiece in the prior art; Figure 6 It is the side view of the structure of a valve bridge workpiece in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that in this text, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 - 6 , and detail the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: An efficient group machining device for valve bridge parts, comprising a bottom plate 1, a positioning pin 2, a double-sided fixed fixture 3, a pressing plate 4, and an equal-height block 6; The bottom plate 1 is used to be installed on the machine tool workbench surface, and its length can be adjusted according to the size of the machine tool workbench surface; the positioning pin 2 is vertically fixed on the bottom plate 1 and is used to insert into the pin hole of the workpiece 5 to achieve central positioning; the double-sided fixed fixture 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 1 and is used to simultaneously clamp and position the relative ends of two symmetrically arranged workpieces 5 in a group; the pressing plate 4 is used to press the workpiece 5; the equal-height block 6 is arranged on the bottom plate 1 and is used to support the bottom surface of the workpiece; Among them, the positioning pin 2, the double-sided fixed fixture 3 and the pressing plate 4 jointly achieve six-point positioning of the workpiece.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, by adjusting the length of the bottom plate 1 and the number of double-sided fixed fixtures 3, simultaneous positioning and clamping of multiple groups of parts are achieved; a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the bottom plate 1 for flexibly adjusting the positions of the positioning pin 2 and the double-sided fixed fixture 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, according to the size of the workbench surface, the length of the bottom plate can be adjusted to achieve simultaneous positioning and clamping of multiple groups of parts, improving the processing efficiency; group machining of the same processing elements is carried out; batch machining of parts is realized, greatly reducing the preparation time for machining parts.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, each of the double-sided fixing jigs 3 includes a double-sided jig body 3-1, a wedge block 3-2, a positioning bolt 3-3, and a fixing screw 3-4; symmetric V-shaped positioning blocks 3-1-1 are provided on both sides of the double-sided jig body 3-1, and a U-shaped groove 3-1-2 is provided in the middle of the double-sided jig body 3-1. The U-shaped groove 3-1-2 makes the connection between the two V-shaped positioning blocks 3-1-1 elastic. The upper mouths of both sides of the U-shaped groove 3-1-2 are inclined surfaces 3-1-3. The U-shaped groove 3-1-2 in the middle of the double-sided jig body 3-1 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1 through the positioning bolt 3-3. The wedge block 3-2 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 3-1-2 and acts on the inclined surfaces 3-1-3 on both sides to slightly displace the two V-shaped positioning blocks 3-1-1 to the two sides to contact the corresponding ends of the workpiece 5 on both sides for positioning. The wedge block 3-2 is connected to the bottom plate 1 through the fixing screw 3-4. Preferably, anti-slip lines are provided on the clamping surfaces of the V-shaped positioning blocks 3-1-1.

[0024] In this embodiment, the double-sided fixing jig is adopted to realize the simultaneous positioning and clamping of two parts by one jig. The jig has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient maintenance, simple operation, and reduces the technical requirements for operators.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the pressing plate 4 is connected to the bottom plate 1 through bolts and nuts, the pressing force is adjustable, and an elastic gasket is provided on the contact surface of the pressing plate 4 to prevent damage to the surface of the workpiece.

[0026] Preferably, the bottom plate 1 is made of high-strength cast iron or aluminum alloy material and its surface is hardened to improve wear resistance and service life.

[0027] In order to solve the problems of the prior art in this embodiment, the machining of the holes on both sides is placed in the same process. By designing a positioning jig, positioning is carried out with the bottom plane, the center pin hole and one side cylindrical surface, and then pressing is carried out through the pressing plate to ensure the six-point positioning of the part. According to the size of the workbench and the part, multiple parts can be clamped and machined simultaneously each time, so as to improve work efficiency.

[0028] Embodiment 2: An efficient group machining method for valve bridge parts includes the following steps: Install the bottom plate 1 on the machine tool workbench surface and carry out positioning and clamping; Install the pin hole of the workpiece 5 into the positioning pin 2, and support the bottom surface of the workpiece through the equal-height block 6 to realize Z-direction positioning; Tighten the double-sided fixing jig 3 to limit the relative ends of the two symmetrically arranged workpieces 5, resist the side surfaces of the workpieces, and limit the movement and rotation in the X and Y directions; Use the pressing plate 4 to press the upper surface of the workpiece 5 to complete six-point positioning; The machine tool processes the two side end faces and hole structures of the workpiece 5 according to the program, using hole machining tools such as drills, reamers, broaches, taps, etc. After the processing is completed, loosen the pressure plate 4 and the double-sided fixture 3, and remove the workpiece 5.

[0029] This processing method is applicable to the efficient batch processing of diesel engine valve bridges, T-shaped parts and other plate-like parts with similar structures.

[0030] Through the innovative fixture design, the present invention realizes the simultaneous positioning and clamping of multiple workpieces, and completes the key features in one processing. Compared with the traditional method, the processing efficiency is increased by more than 50%, the positioning accuracy is high, and the structure is simple and easy to adjust, which is applicable to the batch processing of various T-shaped parts.

[0031] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claimed invention.

[0032] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. High-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts, characterized in that: It includes a base plate (1), a positioning pin (2), a double-sided fixing jig (3), a pressing plate (4), and an equal-height block (6); The base plate (1) is used to be installed on the machine tool workbench, and its length can be adjusted according to the size of the machine tool workbench; The positioning pin (2) is vertically fixed on the base plate (1) and is used to insert into the pin hole of the workpiece (5) to achieve central positioning; The double-sided fixing jig (3) is arranged on the base plate (1) and is used to simultaneously clamp and position the relative ends of two symmetrically arranged workpieces (5) in a group; The pressing plate (4) is used to press the workpiece (5); The equal-height block (6) is arranged on the base plate (1) and is used to support the bottom surface of the workpiece; Among them, the positioning pin (2), the double-sided fixing jig (3), and the pressing plate (4) jointly achieve six-point positioning of the workpiece.

2. The high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts according to claim 1, wherein: By adjusting the length of the base plate (1) and the number of double-sided fixing jigs (3), simultaneous positioning and clamping of multiple groups of parts are achieved; multiple mounting holes are provided on the base plate (1) for flexibly adjusting the positions of the positioning pin (2) and the double-sided fixing jig (3).

3. The high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts according to claim 1, wherein: Each double-sided fixing jig (3) includes a double-sided jig body (3-1), a wedge block (3-2), a positioning bolt (3-3), and a fixing screw (3-4); Symmetric V-shaped positioning blocks (3-1-1) are provided on both sides of the double-sided jig body (3-1), and a U-shaped groove (3-1-2) is provided in the middle of the double-sided jig body (3-1). The U-shaped groove (3-1-2) makes the connection between the two V-shaped positioning blocks (3-1-1) elastic. The upper mouths of both sides of the U-shaped groove (3-1-2) are inclined surfaces (3-1-3). The U-shaped groove (3-1-2) in the middle of the double-sided jig body (3-1) is fixedly connected to the base plate (1) through the positioning bolt (3-3). The wedge block (3-2) is inserted into the U-shaped groove (3-1-2) and acts on the inclined surfaces (3-1-3) on both sides to slightly displace the two V-shaped positioning blocks (3-1-1) to the two sides to contact the corresponding ends of the workpiece (5) on both sides for positioning. The wedge block (3-2) is connected to the base plate (1) through the fixing screw (3-4).

4. The high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts according to claim 3, wherein: Anti-slip lines are provided on the clamping surfaces of the V-shaped positioning blocks (3-1-1).

5. The high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (4) is connected to the base plate (1) through bolts and nuts, and the pressing force is adjustable. An elastic gasket is provided on the contact surface of the pressing plate (4) to prevent damage to the workpiece surface.

6. The high-efficiency group machining device for valve bridge parts according to claim 1, wherein: The base plate (1) is made of high-strength cast iron or aluminum alloy material.

7. An efficient group machining method for valve bridge parts using the device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Install the base plate (1) on the machine tool workbench and perform positioning and clamping; Install the pin hole of the workpiece (5) into the positioning pin (2), and support the bottom surface of the workpiece through the equal-height block (6); Tighten the double-sided fixing jig (3) to limit the relative ends of the two symmetrically arranged workpieces (5) and restrict the rotation of the workpiece (5); Use the pressing plate (4) to press the workpiece (5); Machine the two side end faces and hole structures of the workpiece (5); After machining is completed, loosen the pressing plate (4) and the double-sided fixing jig (3), and remove the workpiece (5).

8. The efficient group machining method for valve bridge parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The machining method is applicable to the efficient batch machining of diesel engine valve bridges, T-shaped parts, and other plate-like parts with similar structures.

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