Method and equipment for removing oxide skin of heating blank of forge piece
By combining the end and side wall fixing components of the hot forgings, combined with the coarse and fine-grained grinding wheel and speed control grinding methods, the problem of incomplete removal of the oxide scale during the movement of the hot forgings is solved, and efficient and precise removal of the oxide scale and environmental cleaning are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510530811.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the oxide scale removal effect of hot forgings is poor due to transport or exposure during the movement of different processes, and it is impossible to effectively avoid re-oxidation.
A method and equipment for removing the forgings to heat the blank scale is adopted. The hot forgings are fixed through the end fixing assembly and the side wall fixing assembly, and the side wall grinding assembly and the end face grinding assembly are used to remove the scale in one process. Combined with the coarse grinding and fine grinding process, grinding wheels of different particle sizes and reasonable speed control are used.
The concentrated removal of the oxide scale on the surface of the hot forging is achieved, which avoids re-oxidation during the movement, improves the scale removal effect, improves the processing efficiency and accuracy, and maintains the cleanliness of the working environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN120244796A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of metal processing equipment, and in particular, to a method and equipment for removing oxide scale from heated billets of forgings. Background Art
[0002] During the metal processing, especially in the hot forging process, high-temperature heating will cause a hard oxide scale to form on the surface of the forgings. These oxide scales will not only affect the quality of subsequent processes but also increase energy consumption and production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the oxide scale on the surface of hot forgings.
[0003] Existing methods for removing oxide scale from round rod-shaped hot forgings include mechanical methods, chemical methods, physical methods, etc. In the mechanical method, a second grinding wheel is used to grind the surface of the hot forging to remove the oxide scale on the surface of the hot forging. First, the side surface of the hot forging is ground by a grinding device to remove the oxide scale, and then the hot forging is transferred to the next process to grind its end surface to remove the oxide scale, so as to complete the removal of the oxide scale on the entire surface of the hot forging. In the prior art, the removal of the oxide scale on the surface of the hot forging is carried out in two processes. During the step-by-step treatment, the hot forging will be re-oxidized due to handling or exposure during the movement in different processes, resulting in a poor removal effect of the oxide scale on the hot forging. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to improve the problem that the hot forging will be re-oxidized due to handling or exposure during the movement in different processes, resulting in a poor removal effect of the oxide scale on the hot forging, this application provides a method and equipment for removing oxide scale from heated billets of forgings.
[0005] On the one hand, a method for removing oxide scale from heated billets of forgings provided by this application adopts the following technical solution: A method for removing oxide scale from heated billets of forgings includes the following steps: S1. Fix the ends of the hot forging, fix the two ends of the hot forging at the processing location so that the side wall of the hot forging is exposed; S2. Remove the oxide scale on the side wall of the hot forging, grind the side wall of the hot forging to be able to remove the oxide scale on the side wall of the hot forging; S3. Fix the side wall of the hot forging, fix the side wall of the hot forging, release the fixation of the ends of the hot forging so that the end surface of the hot forging is exposed; S4. Remove the oxide scale on the end surface of the hot forging, grind the end surface of the hot forging to be able to remove the oxide scale on the end surface of the hot forging; S5. Clean the hot forging, remove the residual grinding chips, and then wipe the surface of the hot forging with alcohol; S6. Anti-rust treatment, spray anti-rust oil or passivation liquid onto the surface of the hot forging.
[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when grinding and removing the scale, the side wall of the hot forging is ground by fixing the end face of the hot forging, and the end face of the hot forging is ground by fixing the side wall of the hot forging, so as to realize the grinding and removal of the scale on the surface of the hot forging, and complete the removal of the scale on the side wall and the end face of the hot forging in one process, thus effectively avoiding the phenomenon of re-oxidation due to handling or exposure during the moving process, and improving the scale removal effect of the hot forging.
[0007] Preferably, in step S2 and step S4, the grinding processes are respectively a rough grinding process and a fine grinding process; Rough grinding process: Use a second grinding wheel with a coarse grain size (≤36 mesh) to peel off the oxide layer until the metal matrix is exposed, and the rotational speed of the second grinding wheel is 2800 - 3200 rpm; Fine grinding process: Use a second grinding wheel with a fine grain size (≥80 mesh) to grind uniformly in the same direction to eliminate the rough grinding marks, and the rotational speed of the second grinding wheel is 2500 rpm.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, in the rough grinding process, using a second grinding wheel with a coarse grain size to peel off the oxide layer can quickly remove the scale on the surface of the hot forging, expose the metal matrix, improve the grinding efficiency, and at the same time avoid the problem of uneven grinding caused by too high or too low rotational speed. In the fine grinding process, using a second grinding wheel with a fine grain size to grind uniformly in the same direction can effectively eliminate the marks left in the rough grinding process, make the surface of the hot forging smoother and flatter, and improve the product quality.
[0009] On the one hand, an equipment for removing the scale of a heated blank of a forging provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: An equipment for removing the scale of a heated blank of a forging, using the method for removing the scale of a heated blank of a forging as described above, includes an end fixing component, a side wall fixing component, a side wall grinding component, and an end face grinding component. The end fixing component can be operably fixed to the end of the hot forging, and the side wall fixing component can be operably fixed to the side wall of the hot forging; when the end fixing component is fixed to the end of the hot forging, the side wall fixing component can be disengaged from the hot forging, and when the side wall fixing component is fixed to the hot forging, the end fixing component can be disengaged from the hot forging; the side wall grinding component can grind the side wall of the hot forging to remove the scale, and the end face grinding component can grind the end face of the hot forging to remove the scale.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the end of the hot forging is fixed by the end fixing component, the side wall of the hot forging is ground by the side wall grinding component, then the side wall of the hot forging is fixed by the side wall fixing component, and the end face of the hot forging is ground by the end face grinding component, so as to complete the grinding and removal of the scale on the surface of the hot forging. The grinding and removal of the scale on the end face and the side wall of the hot forging are completed in one process through a mechanical structure, effectively avoiding the handling during the scale removal process of the hot forging, saving processing time, and improving the scale removal efficiency.
[0011] Preferably, the number of the end fixing assemblies is two, and each end fixing assembly corresponds to one end of the hot forging; a first linear driving mechanism is provided on the base. Each end fixing assembly includes a clamping block. The first linear driving mechanism is connected to the two clamping blocks so as to be able to drive the clamping blocks to move to the end face of the hot forging, and the two clamping blocks can clamp and fix the hot forging.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the two end fixing assemblies can respectively clamp and fix the two ends of the hot forging. The first linear driving mechanism drives the clamping blocks to move to the end face of the hot forging, realizing reliable fixation of the end of the hot forging, thereby providing stable support for the subsequent removal of the side wall scale and preventing the hot forging from displacing during the grinding process, improving the processing accuracy and efficiency.
[0013] Preferably, the number of the end face grinding assemblies is two, and each end face grinding assembly corresponds to one end face of the hot forging; each end face grinding assembly includes a first rotary driving mechanism and a first grinding wheel. The first rotary driving mechanism is connected to the base, and the first rotary driving mechanism is connected to the first grinding wheel so as to be able to drive the first grinding wheel to rotate, and the first grinding wheel can grind the end face of the hot forging to remove the scale.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the two end face grinding assemblies respectively correspond to the two end faces of the hot forging, ensuring that both end faces can be ground simultaneously, improving the processing efficiency.
[0015] Preferably, the number of the side wall fixing assemblies is two, and the two side wall fixing assemblies are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the hot forging; each side wall fixing assembly includes two clamping members, and the two clamping members are arranged oppositely along the circumferential direction of the hot forging. Each clamping member includes a second linear driving mechanism and a clamping plate. The second linear driving mechanism is connected to the base, and the second linear driving mechanism is connected to the clamping plate so as to be able to drive the clamping plate to move, and the two clamping plates in the same group can clamp and fix the hot forging.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the number of the side wall fixing assemblies is set to two and arranged at intervals along the length direction of the hot forging, which can ensure the stable fixation of the hot forging during the side wall grinding process and facilitate the switching operation between the end fixing assembly and the end of the hot forging.
[0017] Preferably, the sidewall grinding assembly includes an external adjusting member, an internal adjusting member, and a second grinding wheel. The internal adjusting member is connected to the second grinding wheel to drive the second grinding wheel to abut against the sidewall of the hot forging and rotate, so as to grind the sidewall of the hot forging to remove the scale. The external adjusting member is connected to the internal adjusting member to drive the second grinding wheel to rotate circumferentially along the hot forging and move axially along the hot forging.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, through the cooperation of the external adjusting member and the internal adjusting member of the sidewall grinding assembly, the second grinding wheel can accurately abut against the sidewall of the hot forging and rotate, so as to efficiently remove the scale on the sidewall. The external adjusting member drives the second grinding wheel to move axially along the hot forging, realizing the grinding and scale removal of the circumferential sidewall of the entire hot forging to adapt to the scale removal work of hot forgings with different lengths, enhancing the adaptability and operation flexibility of the equipment.
[0019] Preferably, the external adjusting member includes a third linear driving mechanism, a driving ring, and a second rotary driving mechanism. A support frame is provided at the driving end of the third linear driving mechanism. The support frame is connected to the driving ring to provide support for the rotation of the driving ring. The third linear driving mechanism can drive the driving ring to move axially along the hot forging. The axis of rotation of the driving ring is collinear with the axis of rotation of the hot forging. The internal adjusting member is arranged on the driving ring, and the second rotary driving mechanism is arranged on the support frame and connected to the driving ring to drive the driving ring to rotate.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the third linear driving mechanism can drive the driving ring to move axially along the hot forging, enabling the second grinding wheel to accurately adjust its position to adapt to the sidewall grinding requirements of hot forgings with different lengths; the design that the axis of rotation of the driving ring is collinear with the axis of rotation of the hot forging ensures that the relative position between the second grinding wheel and the sidewall of the hot forging is always accurate during the grinding process, improving the grinding accuracy; the second rotary driving mechanism drives the driving ring to rotate, driving the internal adjusting member and the second grinding wheel to rotate synchronously, realizing the circumferential full coverage of the second grinding wheel on the sidewall of the hot forging, thereby effectively removing the scale.
[0021] Preferably, the internal adjusting member includes a fourth linear driving mechanism and a third rotary driving mechanism. The third rotary driving mechanism is connected to the second grinding wheel to drive the second grinding wheel to rotate. The fourth linear driving mechanism is connected to the third rotary driving mechanism to drive the second grinding wheel to abut against the hot forging. The driving ring is connected to the fourth linear driving mechanism to drive the second grinding wheel to rotate.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the fourth linear drive mechanism can drive the second grinding wheel to abut against the hot forging, ensuring that the contact force between the second grinding wheel and the hot forging is adjustable, thereby improving the grinding effect and efficiency. The third rotary drive mechanism drives the second grinding wheel to rotate, enabling the second grinding wheel to perform grinding operations at a stable rotational speed and ensuring the consistency of the grinding quality.
[0023] Preferably, a collection cylinder is provided on the base, and the hot forging is nested in the collection cylinder.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the collection cylinder can effectively collect the grinding debris and dust generated during the grinding process, prevent them from scattering outside the equipment, and keep the working environment clean.
[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When grinding and removing the scale, by fixing the end face of the hot forging to grind the side wall of the hot forging and fixing the side wall of the hot forging to grind the end face of the hot forging, the scale on the surface of the hot forging is ground and removed, and the scale on the side wall and the end face of the hot forging is completed in one process, thereby effectively avoiding the phenomenon of re-oxidation due to handling or exposure during the moving process and improving the scale removal effect of the hot forging; 2. The grinding process is divided into rough grinding and fine grinding. Combining second grinding wheels with different particle sizes and reasonable rotational speed control not only ensures the rapid removal of the oxide layer but also ensures the surface finish, improving the processing accuracy; 3. The setting of the collection cylinder can effectively collect the grinding debris and dust generated during the grinding process, prevent them from scattering outside the equipment, and keep the working environment clean. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the equipment for removing the scale of the heated blank of the forging in the embodiment of the present application.
[0027] Figure 2 is a top view of the equipment for removing the scale of the heated blank of the forging.
[0028] Figure 3 is along Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line A-A in
[0029] Figure 4 is along Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line B-B in
[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of part C in
[0031] Figure 6 is along Figure 2 the sectional view taken along line D-D in
[0032] Figure 7 is Figure 1 The enlarged view of part E in
[0033] Figure 8 is the front view of the device for removing the oxide scale of the heated blank of the forging
[0034] Figure 9 is along Figure 8 The sectional view taken along line F-F in
[0035] Figure 10 is Figure 9 The enlarged view of part G in
[0036] Figure 11 is Figure 1 The enlarged view of part H in
[0037] Figure 12 is Figure 1 The enlarged view of part I in
[0038] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, base; 11, rotating seat body; 12, collecting cylinder; 13, hot forging; 14, first linear driving mechanism; 15, rotating bracket; 16, rotating disc; 17, rotating motor; 2, end fixing assembly; 21, clamping block; 22, first sealing plate; 3, side wall fixing assembly; 31, clamping member; 311, second linear driving mechanism; 312, clamping plate; 32, mounting bracket; 33, first conductive ring; 34, first brush; 4, side wall grinding assembly; 41, external adjusting member; 411, third linear driving mechanism; 4111, first motor; 4112, driving screw; 412, driving ring; 413, second rotary driving mechanism; 4131, second motor; 4132, external meshing gear ring; 4133, driving gear; 414, ear plate; 415, guide rod; 416, support frame; 417, rotary limit seat; 42, internal adjusting member; 421, fourth linear driving mechanism; 422, third rotary driving mechanism; 4221, third motor; 4222, driven gear; 4223, driving gear; 43, second grinding wheel; 44, strip-shaped hole; 45, elastic strip; 46, grinding seat; 47, second conductive ring; 48, second brush; 5, end face grinding assembly; 51, first rotary driving mechanism; 52, first grinding wheel; 53, second sealing plate; 61, linkage rod; 62, sliding groove. Detailed implementation manners
[0039] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the Figure 1-12 accompanying drawings.
[0040] The embodiment of the present application discloses a device for removing the oxide scale of the heated blank of the forging.
[0041] Refer toFigure 1 , a device for removing oxide scale from a heated blank of a forging includes an end fixing component 2, a side wall fixing component 3, a side wall grinding component 4, an end face grinding component 5, and a base 1 for mounting the device. Two rotating seat bodies 11 are fixedly provided on the base 1. The two rotating seat bodies 11 are arranged at intervals. A collecting cylinder 12 is jointly provided on the two rotating seat bodies 11. Both ends of the collecting cylinder 12 are inserted into the rotating seat bodies 11 on the same side and are rotatably connected to the rotating seat bodies 11.
[0042] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the hot forging 13 is cylindrical. The hot forging 13 is nested in the collecting cylinder 12. The rotation axis of the hot forging 13 coincides with the rotation axis of the collecting cylinder 12, and the length of the collecting cylinder 12 is longer than the length of the hot forging 13. The end fixing component 2 can be operably fixed to the end of the hot forging 13 so that the hot forging 13 is fixed in the collecting cylinder 12, and the side wall fixing component 3 can be operably fixed to the side wall of the hot forging 13.
[0043] When the end fixing component 2 is fixed to the end of the hot forging 13, the side wall fixing component 3 can be released from the hot forging 13. When the side wall fixing component 3 is fixed to the hot forging 13, the end fixing component 2 can be released from the hot forging 13. The side wall grinding component 4 can grind the side wall of the hot forging 13 to remove the oxide scale, and the end face grinding component 5 can grind the end face of the hot forging 13 to remove the oxide scale.
[0044] By using the end fixing component 2 to fix the end of the hot forging 13 and the side wall grinding component 4 to grind the side wall of the hot forging 13, and then using the side wall fixing component 3 to fix the side wall of the hot forging 13 and the end face grinding component 5 to grind the end face of the hot forging 13, the grinding and removal of the oxide scale on the surface of the hot forging 13 are completed. Through the mechanical structure, the grinding and removal of the oxide scale on the end face and side wall of the hot forging 13 are completed in one process, effectively avoiding the handling during the removal of the oxide scale of the hot forging 13, saving the processing time, and improving the removal efficiency of the oxide scale.
[0045] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3, the number of the end fixing assemblies 2 is two groups, and each group of the end fixing assemblies 2 corresponds to one end of the hot forging 13. A first linear driving mechanism 14 is provided on the base 1. The first linear driving mechanism 14 in this embodiment is a double-rod piston cylinder. The first linear driving mechanism 14 is arranged along the axial direction of the collecting cylinder 12 and is located below the collecting cylinder 12. A rotating bracket 15 arranged along the vertical direction is fixedly provided on each output shaft of the first linear driving mechanism 14. A rotating disk 16 is rotatably provided on the rotating bracket 15. The rotating disk 16 can rotate in the horizontal plane. A rotating motor 17 is fixedly provided on the rotating bracket 15. The output shaft of the rotating motor 17 is fixedly connected to the rotation center of the rotating disk 16 to drive the rotating disk 16 to rotate in the horizontal plane. The end fixing assembly 2 in this embodiment includes a clamping block 21. The diameter of the clamping block 21 is smaller than the diameter of the hot forging 13, effectively avoiding dead corners during the side wall grinding of the hot forging 13. The clamping block 21 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 16, and the axial height of the clamping block 21 is the same as the axial height of the hot forging 13.
[0046] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , when clamping and fixing the end of the hot forging 13, the rotating motor 17 drives the rotating disk 16 to rotate, so that the clamping block 21 is opposite to the end face of the hot forging 13. Then, the first linear driving mechanism 14 drives the two clamping blocks 21 to insert into the collecting cylinder 12. The two clamping blocks 21 respectively clamp and fix the two ends of the hot forging 13, completing the fixation of the hot forging 13, providing stable support for the subsequent removal of the side wall scale, avoiding the displacement of the hot forging 13 during the grinding process, and improving the processing accuracy and efficiency. A first sealing plate 22 is sleeved on the clamping block 21. The rotation axis of the first sealing plate 22 is collinear with the rotation axis of the clamping block 21. The diameter of the first sealing plate 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the collecting cylinder 12, and the difference between the two diameters is 6-10 mm. When the clamping block 21 abuts against the end face of the hot forging 13, the first sealing plate 22 inserts into the collecting cylinder 12 to block the opening of the collecting cylinder 12 to a certain extent, effectively avoiding the diffusion of grinding debris and dust out of the collecting cylinder 12, which is beneficial to the collection of grinding debris and dust.
[0047] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3, there are two sets of end face grinding assemblies 5, and each set of end face grinding assemblies 5 corresponds to one end face of a hot forging 13. The end face grinding assembly 5 in this embodiment includes a first rotary drive mechanism 51 and a first grinding wheel 52. The first rotary drive mechanism 51 is a synchronous motor. The first rotary drive mechanism 51 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 16, and the output shaft of the first rotary drive mechanism 51 is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disk 16. The axis position of the first grinding wheel 52 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first rotary drive mechanism 51, so that the first rotary drive mechanism 51 drives the first grinding wheel 52 to rotate. The diameter of the first grinding wheel 52 is larger than the diameter of the hot forging 13 and smaller than the inner diameter of the collecting cylinder 12. A second sealing plate 53 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the first rotary drive mechanism 51. The axis of rotation of the second sealing plate 53 is collinear with the axis of the output shaft of the first rotary drive mechanism 51, and the diameter of the second sealing plate 53 is the same as the diameter of the first sealing plate 22.
[0048] After the side wall of the hot forging 13 is ground, the side wall fixing assembly 3 fixes the side wall of the hot forging 13. The first linear drive mechanism 14 drives the clamping block 21 to be withdrawn from the collecting cylinder 12, and then the rotating motor 17 drives the rotating disk 16 to rotate, so that the first grinding wheel 52 is aligned with the end face of the hot forging 13. The first linear drive mechanism 14 drives the two first grinding wheels 52 to insert into the collecting cylinder 12, and makes the end face of the first grinding wheel 52 abut against the end face of the hot forging 13. Then the first rotary drive mechanism 51 drives the first grinding wheel 52 to rotate, and the end face of the first grinding wheel 52 grinds the end face of the hot forging 13 to remove the oxide skin, thereby completing the removal of the oxide skin on the end face of the hot forging 13. Both end faces can be ground simultaneously, improving the processing efficiency.
[0049] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the number of the side wall fixing assemblies 3 is two, and the two side wall fixing assemblies 3 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the hot forging 13; each side wall fixing assembly 3 includes two sets of clamping members 31, and the two sets of clamping members 31 are arranged oppositely along the circumferential direction of the hot forging 13. An installation frame 32 is fixedly arranged on the collecting cylinder 12, and the installation frame 32 corresponds to the clamping member 31 one by one. Each set of clamping members 31 includes a second linear drive mechanism 311 and a clamping plate 312. The second linear drive mechanism 311 is a linear motor. The end of the second linear drive mechanism 311 is fixed on the installation frame 32. The second linear drive mechanism 311 is arranged along the radial direction of the collecting cylinder 12, and the output shaft of the second linear drive mechanism 311 penetrates through the cylinder wall of the collecting cylinder 12 and is slidably arranged with the collecting cylinder 12.
[0050] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4, the clamping plate 312 is fixedly arranged at one end of the second linear driving mechanism 311 inserted into the collecting cylinder 12. The second linear driving mechanism 311 is connected to the base 1. The side of the clamping plate 312 facing the hot forging 13 is an arc surface adapted to the outer side wall of the hot forging 13, increasing the contact area between the clamping plate 312 and the hot forging 13 and improving the stability of the clamping and fixing of the hot forging 13 by the clamping plate 312.
[0051] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 , to ensure the power supply to the second linear driving mechanism 311, a first conductive ring 33 is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the collecting cylinder 12. The material of the first conductive ring 33 includes but is not limited to one of iron, copper, and graphite. An insulating glue is applied between the first conductive ring 33 and the collecting cylinder 12 for insulation isolation. A first brush 34 is fixedly arranged on the rotating seat body 11. The first brush 34 is in electrical contact with the first conductive ring 33, realizing the conduction between the first brush 34 and the first conductive ring 33. The first brush 34 is connected to the power supply system, and the first conductive ring 33 is connected to the second linear driving mechanism 311 through a wire, realizing the power supply to the second linear driving mechanism 311.
[0052] After the side wall grinding assembly 4 finishes grinding the side wall of the hot forging 13, the second linear driving mechanism 311 drives the clamping plate 312 to approach the hot forging 13, and the two relatively arranged clamping plates 312 are clamped and fixed on the hot forging 13, thereby clamping and fixing the hot forging 13. The hot forging 13 is clamped and fixed by two groups of two relatively arranged clamping plates 312 to ensure the stable fixation of the hot forging 13 during the side wall grinding process.
[0053] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 , the side wall grinding assembly 4 in this embodiment includes an external adjusting member 41 of the moving assembly, an internal adjusting member 42, and a second grinding wheel 43.
[0054] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6, the external adjusting member 41 includes a third linear driving mechanism 411, a driving ring 412 and a second rotational driving mechanism 413. Two groups of ear plates 414 are fixedly provided on the base 1. The two groups of ear plates 414 are arranged on both sides of the collection cylinder 12. The two ear plates 414 in each group are spaced along the axial direction of the collection cylinder 12. In this embodiment, the third linear driving mechanism 411 includes a first motor 4111 and a driving screw 4112. The driving screw 4112 is connected to a group of ear plates 414. The two ends of the driving screw 4112 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ear plates 414 in the same group. The driving screw 4112 is arranged parallel to the collection cylinder 12. The first motor 4111 is fixedly arranged on one of the ear plates 414. The output shaft of the first motor 4111 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the driving screw 4112, so that the first motor 4111 can drive the driving screw 4112 to rotate. A guide rod 415 is fixedly provided on the other group of ear plates 414. The guide rod 415 is arranged parallel to the driving screw 4112.
[0055] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 , a support frame 416 is provided on the driving screw 4112. The support frame 416 is a rectangular frame. The collection cylinder 12 passes through the inside of the support frame 416. The minimum width of the inner hole of the support frame 416 is greater than the distance between the ends of the two relatively arranged mounting brackets 32, so that the support frame 416 can slide along the axial direction of the collection cylinder 12. Both the driving screw 4112 and the guide rod 415 pass through the support frame 416. The driving screw 4112 is threadedly connected to the support frame 416. The guide rod 415 is slidably connected to the support frame 416. The first motor 4111 drives the driving screw 4112 to rotate, and the driving screw 4112 drives the support frame 416 to slide along the axial direction of the collection cylinder 12.
[0056] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 , four rotational limiting seats 417 are fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the support frame 416. The four rotational limiting seats 417 are all made of insulating materials. The four rotational limiting seats 417 are arranged in pairs along the circumferential direction of the collection cylinder 12. The driving ring 412 is arranged along the vertical direction on the four rotational limiting seats 417. The driving ring 412 is slidably nested on the four rotational limiting seats 417 and is slidably connected to each rotational limiting seat 417. The four rotational limiting seats 417 support the rotation of the driving ring 412.
[0057] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6, the second rotation driving mechanism 413 includes a second motor 4131, an external meshing gear ring 4132 and a driving gear 4133. The second motor 4131 is fixedly arranged on the support frame 416. The external meshing gear ring 4132 is embedded in the circumferential side wall of the driving ring 412 and is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the driving ring 412. The driving gear 4133 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the second motor 4131 and is externally meshed with the external meshing gear ring 4132. The second motor 4131 drives the driving gear 4133 to rotate, and the driving gear 4133 drives the driving ring 412 to rotate through the external meshing gear ring 4132.
[0058] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 , there are two groups of internal adjusting members 42. The two groups of internal adjusting members 42 are arranged oppositely along the circumferential direction of the driving ring 412 and are arranged offset from the mounting frame 32. Each group of internal adjusting members 42 includes a fourth linear driving mechanism 421 and a third rotation driving mechanism 422. The fourth linear driving mechanism 421 is a linear motor. The fourth linear driving mechanism 421 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the driving ring 412, and the driving shaft of the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 is arranged along the radial direction of the collecting cylinder 12.
[0059] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 , the collecting cylinder 12 is provided with strip-shaped holes 44 arranged along its own axial direction. The strip-shaped holes 44 correspond to the fourth linear driving mechanisms 421 one by one. The output shaft of the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 can pass through the strip-shaped holes 44 and insert into the collecting cylinder 12. The strip-shaped holes 44 provide a sliding channel for the sliding of the fourth linear driving mechanism 421.
[0060] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 , elastic strips 45 are fixedly arranged on the opposite side walls of the strip-shaped holes 44. The output shaft of the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 squeezes the elastic strips 45 to deform and passes through the strip-shaped holes 44. The part of the elastic strips 45 separated from the output shaft of the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 can rely on its own elasticity to block the opening of the strip-shaped holes 44, thereby improving the sealing performance of the collecting cylinder 12 and effectively preventing the grinding chips from spreading out of the collecting cylinder 12.
[0061] Refer to Figure 6 , a grinding seat 46 is fixedly arranged at one end of the output shaft of the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 inserted into the collecting cylinder 12. The second grinding wheel 43 is arranged at one end of the grinding seat 46 close to the collecting cylinder 12. The rotation axis of the second grinding wheel 43 is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the hot forging 13. Both ends of the second grinding wheel 43 are inserted into the grinding seat 46 and are rotatably connected with the grinding seat 46. The middle grinding part of the second grinding wheel 43 protrudes from the grinding seat 46, so that the second grinding wheel 43 abuts against the hot forging 13.
[0062] Refer toFigure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the third rotation drive mechanism 422 includes a third motor 4221, a driven gear 4222, and a driving gear 4223. The third motor 4221 is fixedly arranged on the grinding seat 46. The driven gear 4222 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second grinding wheel 43. The pitch circle radius of the driven gear 4222 is smaller than the radius of the middle grinding part of the second grinding wheel 43. The driving gear 4223 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the third motor 4221 and meshes with the driven gear 4222, so that the third motor 4221 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to rotate to grind the hot forging 13. And the rotation direction of the second grinding wheel 43 is opposite to the rotation direction of the driving ring 412, so that within the same time, the contact area between the second grinding wheel 43 and the hot forging 13 is increased, thereby improving the grinding effect of the second grinding wheel 43 on the hot forging 13.
[0063] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 11 , in order to supply power to the third motor 4221 and the fourth linear drive mechanism 421, a second conductive ring 47 is nested on the driving ring 412. The second conductive ring 47 is made of the same material as the first conductive ring 33. The second conductive ring 47 is arranged in a circle along the circumferential direction of the driving ring 412 and is insulated from the driving ring 412 by applying insulating glue. A second brush 48 is fixedly arranged on the rotation limiting seat 417. The second brush 48 is in contact and conductive connection with the second conductive ring 47. The second brush 48 is connected to the power supply system. The second conductive ring 47 is connected to the third motor 4221 and the fourth linear drive mechanism 421 through wires to realize the power supply to the third motor 4221 and the fourth linear drive mechanism 421.
[0064] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 12 , a linkage rod 61 is fixedly arranged on the driving ring 412. The linkage rod 61 is arranged along the radial direction of the driving ring 412. A sliding groove 62 is formed on the collecting cylinder 12 along its axial direction. The end of the linkage rod 61 is inserted into the sliding groove 62 and is slidably connected to the sliding groove 62. The end of the linkage rod 61 is in contact with the opposite two side walls of the sliding groove 62 to ensure the stability of the sliding of the linkage rod 61.
[0065] After the end of the hot forging 13 is fixed, the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to abut against the hot forging 13. Then, the third motor 4221 is turned on, and the third motor 4221 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to rotate, so as to polish the surface of the hot forging 13 to remove the oxide skin. Then, the second motor 4131 is driven to rotate, the second motor 4131 drives the driving ring 412 to rotate, the driving ring 412 drives the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 and the linkage rod 61 to rotate, so that the second grinding wheel 43 rotates circumferentially along the surface of the hot forging 13 on the surface of the hot forging 13, and the oxide skin on the surface of the hot forging 13 is removed in a larger range. The linkage rod 61 drives the collecting cylinder 12 to rotate. Then, the first motor 4111 is driven to rotate, the first motor 4111 drives the driving screw 4112 to rotate, and the driving screw 4112 drives the support frame 416 to slide axially along the hot forging 13, so as to integrally polish and remove the oxide skin on the side wall of the hot forging 13.
[0066] After the oxide skin on the side wall of the hot forging 13 is removed, the second linear driving mechanism 311 drives the clamping plate 312 to move towards the hot forging 13, and the two clamping plates 312 in the same group clamp and fix the hot forging 13, thus completing the clamping and fixing of the hot forging 13.
[0067] The implementation principle of the equipment for removing the oxide skin of the heated blank of the forging in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when clamping and fixing the end of the hot forging 13, the rotating motor 17 drives the rotating disc 16 to rotate, so that the clamping block 21 faces the end face of the hot forging 13. Then, the two clamping blocks 21 are driven by the first linear driving mechanism 14 to insert into the collecting cylinder 12, and the two clamping blocks 21 respectively clamp and fix the two ends of the hot forging 13, thus completing the fixing of the hot forging 13.
[0068] After the end of the hot forging 13 is fixed, the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to abut against the hot forging 13. Then, the third motor 4221 is turned on, and the third motor 4221 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to rotate, so as to polish the surface of the hot forging 13 to remove the oxide skin. Then, the second motor 4131 is driven to rotate, the second motor 4131 drives the driving ring 412 to rotate, the driving ring 412 drives the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 and the linkage rod 61 to rotate, so that the second grinding wheel 43 rotates circumferentially along the surface of the hot forging 13 on the surface of the hot forging 13, and the oxide skin on the surface of the hot forging 13 is removed in a larger range. The linkage rod 61 drives the collecting cylinder 12 to rotate. Then, the first motor 4111 is driven to rotate, the first motor 4111 drives the driving screw 4112 to rotate, and the driving screw 4112 drives the support frame 416 to slide axially along the hot forging 13, so as to integrally polish and remove the oxide skin on the side wall of the hot forging 13.
[0069] After the scale on the side wall of the hot forging 13 is removed, the second linear driving mechanism 311 drives the clamping plate 312 to move towards the hot forging 13, and the two clamping plates 312 in the same group clamp and fix the hot forging 13, completing the clamping and fixing of the hot forging 13.
[0070] After the side wall of the hot forging 13 is fixed, the first linear driving mechanism 14 drives the clamping block 21 to be withdrawn from the collecting cylinder 12, and then the rotating motor 17 drives the rotating disk 16 to rotate, so that the first grinding wheel 52 is aligned with the end face of the hot forging 13. The first linear driving mechanism 14 drives the two first grinding wheels 52 to be inserted into the collecting cylinder 12 and makes the first grinding wheel 52 abut against the end face of the hot forging 13. Then the first rotational driving mechanism 51 drives the first grinding wheel 52 to rotate, and the first grinding wheel 52 grinds and removes the scale on the end face of the hot forging 13, thus completing the removal of the scale on the end face of the hot forging 13.
[0071] The embodiment of the present application discloses a method for removing the scale of a heated blank of a forging.
[0072] A method for removing the scale of a heated blank of a forging includes the following steps: S1. Fix the end of the hot forging 13, the rotating motor 17 drives the rotating disk 16 to rotate, so that the clamping block 21 faces the end face of the hot forging 13. Then the first linear driving mechanism 14 drives the two clamping blocks 21 to be inserted into the collecting cylinder 12, and the two clamping blocks 21 respectively clamp and fix the two ends of the hot forging 13, completing the fixation of the hot forging 13 so that the side wall of the hot forging 13 is exposed.
[0073] S2. Remove the scale on the side wall of the hot forging 13. The fourth linear driving mechanism 421 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to abut against the hot forging 13, and then the third motor 4221 is turned on. The third motor 4221 drives the second grinding wheel 43 to rotate to grind and remove the scale on the surface of the hot forging 13. Then the second motor 4131 is driven to rotate. The second motor 4131 drives the driving ring 412 to rotate, and the driving ring 412 drives the fourth linear driving mechanism 421 and the connecting rod 61 to rotate, so that the second grinding wheel 43 rotates circumferentially along the surface of the hot forging 13 to remove the scale on a larger area of the surface of the hot forging 13. The connecting rod 61 drives the collecting cylinder 12 to rotate, and then the first motor 4111 is driven to rotate. The first motor 4111 drives the driving screw 4112 to rotate, and the driving screw 4112 drives the support frame 416 to slide axially along the hot forging 13, realizing the overall grinding and removal of the scale on the side wall of the hot forging 13.
[0074] The grinding process includes a rough grinding process and a fine grinding process; Rough grinding process: Use a second grinding wheel 43 with a coarse grain size (36 mesh) to peel off the oxide layer until the metal matrix is exposed. The rotational speed of the grinding wheel: 2800 - 3200 rpm; Fine grinding process: Use a second grinding wheel 43 with a fine grain size (80 mesh) to grind evenly in the same direction to eliminate rough grinding marks. The rotational speed of the grinding wheel is 2500 rpm.
[0075] S3. Fix the side wall of the hot forging 13, release the fixation of the end of the hot forging 13, and the second linear drive mechanism 311 drives the clamping plate 312 to move towards the hot forging 13. The two clamping plates 312 in the same group clamp and fix the hot forging 13, completing the clamping and fixing of the hot forging 13, and exposing the end face of the hot forging 13.
[0076] S4. Remove the oxide scale on the end face of the hot forging 13. The first linear drive mechanism 14 drives the clamping block 21 to be withdrawn from the collection cylinder 12, and then the rotary motor 17 drives the rotating disk 16 to rotate, so that the first grinding wheel 52 is aligned with the end face of the hot forging 13. The first linear drive mechanism 14 drives the two first grinding wheels 52 to insert into the collection cylinder 12 and makes the first grinding wheel 52 abut against the end face of the hot forging 13. Then the first rotary drive mechanism 51 drives the first grinding wheel 52 to rotate, and the first grinding wheel 52 grinds and removes the oxide scale on the end face of the hot forging 13, thereby completing the removal of the oxide scale on the end face of the hot forging 13.
[0077] The grinding process includes a rough grinding process and a fine grinding process; Rough grinding process: Use a first grinding wheel 52 with a coarse grain size (36 mesh) to peel off the oxide layer until the metal matrix is exposed. The rotational speed of the grinding wheel is 2800 - 3200 rpm; Fine grinding process: Use a first grinding wheel 52 with a fine grain size (80 mesh) to grind evenly in the same direction to eliminate rough grinding marks. The rotational speed of the grinding wheel is 2500 rpm.
[0078] S5. Clean the hot forging 13, remove the residual grinding chips, and then wipe the surface of the hot forging 13 with alcohol; S6. Perform rust prevention treatment, spray rust prevention oil or passivation liquid onto the surface of the hot forging 13.
[0079] The above are all the preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A method for removing oxide scale from a heated blank of a forging, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Fix the ends of the hot forging (13), fix both ends of the hot forging (13) at the processing location so that the side wall of the hot forging (13) is exposed. S2. Remove the oxide scale on the side wall of the hot forging (13), grind the side wall of the hot forging (13) to be able to remove the oxide scale on the side wall of the hot forging (13). S3. Fix the side wall of the hot forging (13), fix the side wall of the hot forging (13), and release the fixation of the ends of the hot forging (13) so that the end face of the hot forging (13) is exposed. S4. Remove the oxide scale on the end face of the hot forging (13), grind the end face of the hot forging (13) to be able to remove the oxide scale on the end face of the hot forging (13). S5. Clean the hot forging (13), remove the residual grinding chips, and then wipe the surface of the hot forging (13) with alcohol. S6. Anti-rust treatment, spray anti-rust oil or passivation liquid onto the surface of the hot forging (13).
2. The method for removing oxide scale from a heated blank of a forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2 and step S4, the grinding processes are respectively the rough grinding process and the fine grinding process. Rough grinding process: Use a second grinding wheel (43) with a coarse grain size (≤36 mesh) to peel off the oxide layer until the metal matrix is exposed. The rotation speed of the second grinding wheel (43): 2800 - 3200 rpm. Fine grinding process: Use a second grinding wheel (43) with a fine grain size (≥80 mesh) to grind uniformly in the same direction to eliminate the rough grinding marks. The rotation speed of the second grinding wheel (43): 2500 rpm.
3. An apparatus for removing the scale from the heated blank of the forging, using the method for removing the scale from the heated blank of the forging according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: It includes an end fixing component (2), a side wall fixing component (3), a side wall grinding component (4), and an end face grinding component (5). The end fixing component (2) can be operably fixed to the ends of the hot forging (13), and the side wall fixing component (3) can be operably fixed to the side wall of the hot forging (13). When the end fixing component (2) is fixed to the ends of the hot forging (13), the side wall fixing component (3) can be released from the hot forging (13). When the side wall fixing component (3) is fixed to the hot forging (13), the end fixing component (2) can be released from the hot forging (13). The side wall grinding component (4) can grind the side wall of the hot forging (13) to remove the oxide scale, and the end face grinding component (5) can grind the end face of the hot forging (13) to remove the oxide scale.
4. The device for removing the oxide scale of the forging heating blank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the end fixing components (2) is two groups, and each group of the end fixing components (2) corresponds to one end of the hot forging (13). A first linear driving mechanism (14) is provided on the base (1). Each group of the end fixing components (2) includes a clamping block (21). The first linear driving mechanism (14) is connected to the two groups of clamping blocks (21) to be able to drive the clamping blocks (21) to move to the end face of the hot forging (13), and the two groups of clamping blocks (21) can clamp and fix the hot forging (13).
5. The device for removing oxide scale from the heated blank of the forging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the end face grinding components (5) is two groups, and each group of the end face grinding components (5) corresponds to one end face of the hot forging (13). The end face grinding assembly (5) includes a first rotary drive mechanism (51) and a first grinding wheel (52). The first rotary drive mechanism (51) is connected to the base (1), and the first rotary drive mechanism (51) is connected to the first grinding wheel (52) to be able to drive the first grinding wheel (52) to rotate. The first grinding wheel (52) can grind the end face of the hot forging (13) to remove the oxide skin.
6. The device for removing the oxide scale of the forging heating blank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the side wall fixing assemblies (3) is two groups, and the two groups of side wall fixing assemblies (3) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the hot forging (13); Each group of side wall fixing assemblies (3) includes two clamping members (31). The two clamping members (31) are arranged oppositely along the circumferential direction of the hot forging (13). Each group of clamping members (31) includes a second linear drive mechanism (311) and a clamping plate (312). The second linear drive mechanism (311) is connected to the base (1), and the second linear drive mechanism (311) is connected to the clamping plate (312) to be able to drive the clamping plate (312) to move. The two clamping plates (312) in the same group can clamp and fix the hot forging (13).
7. The device for removing the oxide scale of the forging heating blank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall grinding assembly (4) includes an external adjusting member (41), an internal adjusting member (42) and a second grinding wheel (43). The internal adjusting member (42) is connected to the second grinding wheel (43) to be able to drive the second grinding wheel (43) to abut against the side wall of the hot forging (13) and rotate, so as to grind the side wall of the hot forging (13) to remove the oxide skin. The external adjusting member (41) is connected to the internal adjusting member (42) to be able to drive the second grinding wheel (43) to rotate along the circumferential direction of the hot forging (13) and move along the axial direction of the hot forging (13).
8. The device for removing oxide scale from a heated blank of a forging according to claim 7, characterized in that: The external adjusting member (41) includes a third linear drive mechanism (411), a drive ring (412) and a second rotary drive mechanism (413). A support frame (416) is provided at the drive end of the third linear drive mechanism (411). The support frame (416) is connected to the drive ring (412) to provide support for the rotation of the drive ring (412). The third linear drive mechanism (411) can drive the drive ring (412) to move along the axial direction of the hot forging (13). The axis of rotation of the drive ring (412) is collinear with the axis of rotation of the hot forging (13). The internal adjusting member (42) is arranged on the drive ring (412), and the second rotary drive mechanism (413) is arranged on the support frame (416) and is connected to the drive ring (412) to be able to drive the drive ring (412) to rotate.
9. The device for removing the oxide scale of the forging heating blank according to claim 8, characterized in that: The internal adjusting member (42) includes a fourth linear driving mechanism (421) and a third rotational driving mechanism (422). The third rotational driving mechanism (422) is connected to the second grinding wheel (43) so as to be able to drive the second grinding wheel (43) to rotate. The fourth linear driving mechanism (421) is connected to the third rotational driving mechanism (422) so as to be able to drive the second grinding wheel (43) to abut against the hot forging (13). The driving ring (412) is connected to the fourth linear driving mechanism (421) so as to be able to drive the second grinding wheel (43) to rotate.
10. The device for removing the oxide scale of the forging heating blank according to claim 3, characterized in that: A collection cylinder (12) is provided on the base (1), and the hot forging (13) is nested in the collection cylinder (12).