Bulletproof cross buffering energy absorption structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a bulletproof cross buffering and energy absorbing structure and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bulletproof equipment buffering and energy absorbing, the buffering and energy absorbing structure is composed of an upper buffering layer and a lower buffering layer, and the upper buffering layer and the lower buffering layer are made of one layer or multiple layers of same bulletproof plane materials; convex structures which are arranged at intervals of a first preset distance and a second preset distance are formed on one or more layers of bulletproof plane materials through hot pressing to obtain an upper buffer layer and a lower buffer layer; wherein the height of the protruding structures is 50%-80% of the thickness of the bulletproof laminated plate, and the first preset distance and the second preset distance do not exceed the thickness of the bulletproof laminated plate; gaps are formed on the convex structures of each lower buffer layer according to a third preset distance, and the convex structures of the upper buffer layer are embedded into the convex structures of the lower buffer layer at a preset angle through the gaps. The surface density of the whole protective equipment can be effectively reduced, and the bulletproof and anti-impact composite material has a good application prospect in bulletproof and anti-impact equipment such as single-soldier equipment and armored vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of buffer energy absorption for bulletproof equipment, and particularly relates to a cross buffer energy absorption structure for bulletproof and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development and progress of technology, the protection ability of individual soldier teams has been significantly enhanced, and bulletproof vests and bulletproof helmets have effectively reduced the battlefield casualty rate. After a bullet or fragment hits the individual's protective equipment, the impact kinetic energy will still act on the human body, causing an "impact depression" and forming a blunt injury. In severe cases, it may cause injuries to the internal organs and bones of the human body, or even death. This non-penetrating injury caused by a small-mass high-speed projectile is called behind armor blunt trauma (BABT). Currently, bulletproof vests with a high bulletproof level can effectively intercept rifle bullets, armor-piercing incendiary bullets, and sniper bullets. These ammunitions generally have strong power, and the instantaneous impact when they do not penetrate the bulletproof vest is also strong on the human body, which is extremely likely to cause injuries to the chest and lungs. Due to the limitation that the weight borne by the human head is generally within 1.5 kg, the bulletproof ability of bulletproof helmets cannot reach the bulletproof ability of high-level bulletproof vests, and can only reach the level of protecting against fragments and pistol bullets. The transient deformation generated after being struck is extremely likely to cause injuries to the human head.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, the Chinese invention patent with the authorization number CN113619225B and the invention name of "A gradient bulletproof and impact-resistant gradient material structure body and a preparation method thereof" provides a gradient bulletproof and impact-resistant material structure body and a preparation method thereof. The structure body is integrally in a layered structure, and at least includes an outer layer plate, an energy absorption buffer layer, and a bottom plate that are integrally encapsulated and cured by epoxy resin and are sequentially distributed from the outside to the inside along the thickness direction. Among them, the outer layer plate is arranged on the outermost layer of the bulletproof and impact-resistant material structure body, and is made of a lightweight metal plate or a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material plate, and its set thickness is about 3 mm; the energy absorption buffer layer is arranged in the middle layer of the bulletproof and impact-resistant material structure body, and its thickness is greater than 20 mm, and is made of a gradient composite material composed of a metal lattice structure and an enhanced prepreg fiber bundle. Among them, the metal lattice structure is composed of micro-truss structure unit cells arranged in an orderly manner according to density requirements, and the enhanced prepreg fiber bundles are transversely inserted into the pores of the metal lattice structure along the length and width directions, and the enhanced prepreg fiber bundles are inserted into the metal lattice structure according to the principle of increasing from the outside to the inside in the thickness direction; the bottom plate is arranged on the innermost layer of the bulletproof and impact-resistant material structure body, and is made of a lightweight metal plate or a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material plate, and the thickness of the bottom plate is greater than that of the outer layer plate, and its set thickness is not less than 10 mm;

[0004] The preparation of the gradient bulletproof and impact-resistant material structure body is carried out according to the following steps:

[0005] First, a metal lattice structure is prepared. The metal lattice structure is formed by arranging typical micro-truss structure unit cells in an orderly manner from the outside to the inside along the thickness direction according to the density requirement. Then, enhanced prepreg fiber bundles are horizontally inserted into the pores of the metal lattice structure in the length and width directions, and the enhanced prepreg fiber bundles are inserted along the thickness direction according to the principle of increasing from the outside to the inside, so as to form the energy-absorbing buffer layer. After that, an outer layer board is covered on the outside of the energy-absorbing buffer layer, and a bottom board is covered on the inside. The whole is placed in a mold and filled with epoxy resin for integral curing and molding to obtain a gradient bulletproof and impact-resistant material structure body.

[0006] The above-mentioned gradient bulletproof and impact-resistant gradient material structure body has a large thickness and weight, and the preparation process is complex. It is necessary to seek a bulletproof and impact-resistant structure with a small thickness, light weight, and simple preparation process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a cross-buffer energy-absorbing structure for bulletproofing. The buffer energy-absorbing structure is composed of an upper buffer layer (1) and a lower buffer layer (2); wherein,

[0008] The upper buffer layer (1) and the lower buffer layer (2) adopt the same one or more layers of planar materials for bulletproofing;

[0009] The upper buffer layer (1) is obtained by hot pressing a raised structure arranged at a first predetermined distance interval on one or more layers of planar materials for bulletproofing, and the lower buffer layer (2) is obtained by hot pressing a raised structure arranged at a second predetermined distance interval on one or more layers of planar materials for bulletproofing; wherein, the height of the raised structure is 50% - 80% of the thickness of the bulletproof laminate, and both the first predetermined distance and the second predetermined distance do not exceed the thickness of the bulletproof laminate;

[0010] A gap (3) is formed on the raised structure of each lower buffer layer at a third predetermined distance, and the raised structure of the upper buffer layer is embedded into the raised structure of the lower buffer layer at a predetermined angle through the gap (3).

[0011] Further, the raised structure is strip-shaped.

[0012] Further, the predetermined angle is 30° - 90°.

[0013] Further, the materials of the upper buffer layer (1) and the lower buffer layer (2) are both one or more layers of high-performance fiber fabrics, metals, or corrugated papers.

[0014] Further, foams with different softness and hardness are filled in the grids formed by the raised structures of the upper buffer layer and the lower buffer layer.

[0015] Further, the bulletproof laminate is bonded to the buffer and energy absorption structure by resin.

[0016] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the buffer and energy absorption structure as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, one or more layers of planar materials for bulletproof are hot-pressed by a hot press and a strip-shaped aluminum mold to form an upper buffer layer (1) and a lower buffer layer (2);

[0018] Step 2, the convex structures of each formed lower buffer layer are laser-cut at a third predetermined distance to form gaps (3);

[0019] Step 3, the convex structures of the upper buffer layer are embedded into the convex structures of the lower buffer layer at a predetermined angle through the formed gaps (3).

[0020] Further, it further comprises Step 4, filling foams with different softness and hardness in the grids formed by the convex structures of the upper buffer layer and the convex structures of the lower buffer layer.

[0021] Further, Step 1 is specifically as follows:

[0022] Step 11, the planar materials (4) on one side of the convex and the planar materials (5) on the other side of the convex are folded along the center position of twice the convex height at a first preset distance or a second preset distance to form a plurality of convexes;

[0023] Step 12, an aluminum strip mold with a first predetermined distance or a second predetermined distance and the height of the convex structure is placed between the two formed convexes, and a plane is formed between the aluminum strip and the convex;

[0024] Step 13, the formed plane is hot-pressed by a hot press, and the gap (6) between the planar materials (4) on one side of the convex and the planar materials (5) on the other side of the convex is bonded by the overflow of resin after hot pressing to form a convex structure, obtaining the upper buffer layer (1) or the lower buffer layer (2).

[0025] The cross-buffer and energy absorption structure for bulletproof and its preparation method of the present invention can quickly form a buffer and energy absorption structure, and can be quickly prepared and formed without customizing a mold according to actual needs, and can be applied in the fields of bulletproof, shockproof, etc., and can be combined with bulletproof helmets, bulletproof inserts and explosion-proof equipment; at the same time, foams can be filled in the gaps formed by the upper and lower intersections according to needs to improve the buffer performance; the invention changes the traditional combined structure of bulletproof laminate + foam in the field of individual soldier bulletproof. Not only does its own material have good bulletproof performance, but also an energy absorption and buffer structure with a certain stiffness is formed. It is an integrated structure design for bulletproof and shockproof, which can effectively reduce the areal density of the overall protective equipment and has good application prospects in bulletproof and shockproof equipment such as individual soldier equipment and armored vehicles. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a gradient bulletproof and impact-resistant gradient material structure of the prior art;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower buffer layers of the cross-buffer energy absorption structure based on bulletproof fibers of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the raised structure in the lower buffer layer of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the combination of the buffer structure and the bulletproof laminate of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] As Figure 2(a) 、 2(b) shown, the cross-buffer energy absorption structure based on bulletproof fibers is composed of an upper buffer layer 1 and a lower buffer layer 2. The upper and lower buffer layers are prepared by arranging a raised structure at a certain distance for one or more layers of high-performance fiber fabrics. The height of the raised structure is preferably 50% - 80% of the thickness of the bulletproof laminate, and the distance is preferably not more than the thickness of the bulletproof laminate. When pressing the bulletproof fiber fabric into the upper and lower buffer layers, the bulletproof fiber fabric (non-woven or woven fabric) is folded at the center position according to the designed distance and twice the height of the raised structure. The fabrics 4 and 5 on the raised sides are attached to form a strip-shaped raised, as Figure 3As shown, the gap (6) between the raised fabrics 4 and 5 is firmly bonded to the left and right raised fabrics 4 and 5 by the overflow of resin after hot pressing to play a supporting role. An aluminum strip with a designed spacing width and raised height is placed between the two raised structures, forming a plane between the aluminum strip mold and the raised part, which is convenient for preparation during hot pressing. And aluminum strip molds of different specifications are cut according to different usage requirements, eliminating the need to make special hot pressing molds. The cost of replacing the mold is low and convenient, further reducing the research and development cost and cycle and improving the research and development efficiency. The raised structures of the lower buffer layer after hot pressing are laser cut at certain intervals according to needs and inserted into the gap 3. A series of gaps are formed on the lower buffer layer 2 according to actual needs. The raised structures of the upper buffer layer 1 are embedded into the gaps 3 laser cut on the lower buffer layer 2 at a vertical 90° angle. The angle of the combination of the upper and lower buffer layers can also be set between 30° and 90° according to needs, forming a combined structure as shown in Fig. 2(b). At the same time, foams with different soft and hard degrees can be filled in the formed grids according to the required buffering effect to enhance the buffering and energy absorption effect. The combined buffer structure is bonded to the bulletproof laminate. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the buffer structure of the present invention and the bulletproof laminate (7). The bulletproof laminate 7 and the buffer and energy absorption structure formed by the upper and lower buffer structures are bonded by resin to form a bulletproof and energy absorption integrated structure.

[0033] In addition to bulletproof fiber fabrics, the materials of the upper and lower buffer layers can also be extended to materials such as metals and corrugated papers for substitution according to usage requirements.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: By laminating high-performance bulletproof fiber materials through a hot press and a strip-shaped aluminum mold, spaced raised structures can be hot pressed and formed on a flat fiber fabric. Then, the two laminated plates with raised strips are crossed with each other, thereby forming a buffer and energy absorption area. This structure is used as the backboard structure of the bulletproof fiber laminate to reduce the transient deformation of bulletproof vests and bulletproof helmets and effectively reduce the damage to human organs and the brain.

[0035] Through the above introduction, it can be seen that the cross-buffer energy absorption structure for bulletproof and its preparation method provided by the present invention laminate high-performance bulletproof fiber materials into a structure with spaced raised parts, and then cross the two laminated plates with raised parts with each other, thereby forming a buffer area. This structure can reduce the transient deformation of bulletproof vests and bulletproof helmets, and further reduce the blunt impact damage to the human chest and lungs and head, resulting in irreversible consequences.

[0036] Please note that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification. The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of this application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of this application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cross-buffer energy absorption structure for bulletproof, characterized in that, The buffer energy absorption structure is composed of an upper buffer layer (1) and a lower buffer layer (2); among them, the upper buffer layer (1) and the lower buffer layer (2) adopt the same one or more planar materials for bulletproof; the upper buffer layer (1) is obtained by hot pressing a convex structure arranged at a first predetermined distance interval on one or more planar materials for bulletproof, and the lower buffer layer (2) is obtained by hot pressing a convex structure arranged at a second predetermined distance interval on one or more planar materials for bulletproof; among them, the height of the convex structure is 50% - 80% of the thickness of the bulletproof laminate, and both the first predetermined distance and the second predetermined distance do not exceed the thickness of the bulletproof laminate; a gap (3) is formed on the convex structure of each lower buffer layer at a third predetermined distance, and the convex structure of the upper buffer layer is embedded into the convex structure of the lower buffer layer at a predetermined angle through the gap (3).

2. The buffer energy absorption structure according to claim 1, wherein The convex structure is strip-shaped.

3. The buffer energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The predetermined angle is 30° - 90°.

4. The buffer energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The materials of the upper buffer layer (1) and the lower buffer layer (2) are both one or more high-performance fiber fabrics, metals, or corrugated papers.

5. The buffer energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that Foams with different soft and hard degrees are filled in the grids formed by the convex structures of the upper buffer layer and the convex structures of the lower buffer layer.

6. The buffer energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The bulletproof laminate is bonded to the buffer energy absorption structure through resin.

7. A preparation method of the buffer energy absorption structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1, hot press one or more planar materials for bulletproof through a hot press and a strip-shaped aluminum mold to form the upper buffer layer (1) and the lower buffer layer (2); Step 2, laser cut the convex structure of each formed lower buffer layer at a third predetermined distance to form a gap (3); Step 3, embed the convex structure of the upper buffer layer into the convex structure of the lower buffer layer at a predetermined angle through the formed gap (3).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein It also includes Step 4, filling foams with different soft and hard degrees in the grids formed by the convex structures of the upper buffer layer and the convex structures of the lower buffer layer.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein Step 1 is specifically: Step 11, fold the planar material (4) on one side of the convex and the planar material (5) on the other side of the convex along the center position of twice the convex height at a first preset distance or a second preset distance to form a plurality of convexes; Step 12, place an aluminum bar mold with a first predetermined distance interval or a second predetermined distance interval and the convex structure height between the two formed convexes, and a plane is formed between the aluminum bar and the convex; Step 13, hot press the formed plane with a hot press, and bond the gap (6) between the planar material (4) on one side of the convex and the planar material (5) on the other side of the convex through the overflow of resin after hot pressing to form a convex structure, and obtain the upper buffer layer (1) or the lower buffer layer (2).

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