Hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient to install and carry on airplane

Abstract

The invention provides a hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient to install and carry on an airplane, and belongs to the technical field of hyperspectral measuring instruments. Comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a placement frame is mounted at the bottom of the reinforcing plate; and the auxiliary protection assembly is used for protecting the safety of the supporting frame in the landing process, and the auxiliary protection assembly is connected with the reinforcing plate. By using the auxiliary protection assembly, the protection of the unmanned aerial vehicle main body on the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument during landing can be ensured, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle main body is in contact with the auxiliary protection assembly firstly no matter whether the unmanned aerial vehicle main body vertically falls down or topples over; direct damage of toppling and other protrusions to the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument is relieved through the auxiliary protection assembly, the situation that the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument is damaged or collided is relieved, and therefore normal use and subsequent measuring tasks of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hyperspectral measuring instruments, and in particular to a hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument that is convenient to be installed and carried on an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] The hyperspectral remote sensing instrument is a remote sensing device designed specifically for aviation platforms (especially drones). It combines hyperspectral imaging technology with a lightweight, modular structure. It can efficiently obtain continuous spectral information of ground objects and adapt to the installation and carrying requirements of aviation environments. The hyperspectral remote sensing instrument captures the spectral data of the target in multiple narrow electromagnetic wave bands to generate continuous spectral images for use in environmental monitoring, precision agriculture, ecological research and other fields.

[0003] However, in actual use, after the operation of the drone carrying the measuring instrument is completed, the drone needs to be docked and sorted out. Most drones will take off and land in the same location area. Some drones carrying the measuring instrument will land nearby due to insufficient power or environmental factors after operation. The surrounding environment is unclear during landing, and the basic situation of the landing position can only be observed through the drone's built-in camera. During the landing process, if the terrain is not flat enough, the center of gravity of the drone and the measuring instrument is concentrated at a high place, the drone will tilt or roll over, and there will be a lot of weeds or raised stone particles on the landing ground that will contact the measuring instrument. The above problems will cause certain damage and bumps to the measuring instrument, thereby affecting the normal use of the measuring instrument and subsequent measurement tasks. Therefore, the present application provides a high-spectral remote sensing measuring instrument that is easy to install and carry on an aircraft to meet the needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument that is easy to install and carry on an aircraft to solve the problem that some existing drones carrying measuring instruments will land nearby due to insufficient power after operation. During the landing process, if the terrain is not flat enough, the center of gravity of the drone and the measuring instrument will be concentrated at a high place, the drone will tilt or roll over, and there will be a lot of weeds or stone particles at the bottom of the measuring instrument that will contact the measuring instrument. The above problems will cause certain damage and bumps to the measuring instrument, thereby affecting the normal use of the measuring instrument and subsequent measurement tasks.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument that is convenient for aircraft installation and carrying, including a drone body. A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone body. A placement rack is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing plate. A hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the placement rack. A support frame is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing plate; an auxiliary protection component is used to protect the safety of the support frame during landing, and the auxiliary protection component is connected to the reinforcing plate.

[0006] Optionally, the auxiliary protection component includes a moving block attached to the bottom of the reinforcing plate. An electric telescopic rod is hinged to the side of the moving block. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcing plate.

[0007] Optionally, an adapter column is fixedly connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame. A rubber ring is slidably connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame. An extension bracket is slidably connected to the middle position of the support frame.

[0008] Optionally, a second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension bracket close to the support frame. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame. A buffer plate is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the extension bracket away from the support frame.

[0009] Optionally, a guiding column is slidably connected to the end of the placement rack. An airbag is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guiding column. A force-bearing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guiding column. A first elastic plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the force-bearing frame.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting column is fixedly connected to the end of the force-bearing frame away from the guiding column. A number of limiting rings are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting column. A clamping groove is formed in the middle position of the limiting ring. An activity groove is formed in the middle position of the limiting ring. A clamping block is clamped on the outer wall of the limiting ring.

[0011] Optionally, the top of the limiting plate is attached to the outer wall of the electric telescopic rod. A driving shaft is arranged inside the electric telescopic rod. A universal ball is arranged on the driving shaft. The universal ball is hinged to the inner wall of the side of the moving block.

[0012] Optionally, the shape of the adapter column is the same as the shape of the middle position of the support frame. One end of the extension bracket is slidably connected to the outer wall of the middle position of the support frame, and the other end is away from the support frame. A weakening part is arranged in the middle position of the extension bracket.

[0013] Optionally, the top of the second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension bracket close to the support bracket, the bottom of the second elastic plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed ring, and there are several second elastic plates. The buffer plate is inclined, with the middle position close to the extension bracket being lower and the middle position far from the extension bracket being higher.

[0014] Optionally, an anti-drop ring is provided at the top of the guide post. The airbag is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide post. The top end of the first elastic plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement rack, and the bottom end of the first elastic plate is fixedly connected to the top of the force-bearing rack.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the above solution, by using the auxiliary protection component, it can ensure the protection of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer when the UAV body lands. When the UAV body topples or there are protrusions on the ground, the size of the auxiliary protection component will block the bottom of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer, so that whether the UAV body falls vertically or topples, it will first contact the auxiliary protection component, and the auxiliary protection component can reduce the direct damage to the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer caused by toppling and other protrusions, reduce the situation of damage or knocking to the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer, and thus ensure the normal use of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer and subsequent measurement tasks.

[0016] By setting a rubber ring, an extension bracket, a second elastic plate, and a buffer plate in the auxiliary protection component, during the flight and takeoff and landing processes, the position of the support bracket can be changed by using remote sensing technology, so that the contact distance between the extension bracket and the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer is different, suitable for different scenarios. On the one hand, it does not affect the normal takeoff and landing of the UAV body, and on the other hand, it can effectively protect the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer during the descent process, so that when the UAV body lands on an uneven or protruding ground, the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer can still be protected to the greatest extent, reducing the number of external abrasions and knocks of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer.

[0017] By setting an airbag, a force-bearing rack, a first elastic plate, and an adapter column, the first elastic plate is further squeezed, so as to disperse the upward thrust of the adapter column on the first elastic plate, the force-bearing rack, and the airbag. On the one hand, it can ensure that the installation time will not be increased due to the complex structure when the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer is clamped and fixed. On the other hand, the main structure formed by the placement rack, the airbag, the force-bearing rack, and the first elastic plate can enhance the firmness of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer against its own weight. At the same time, the above structure is simple, easy to produce, and the materials are mostly plastics, effectively controlling the production cost. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The accompanying drawings incorporated herein and constituting a part of the specification illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the specification, are further used to explain the principles of the present invention and enable those skilled in the relevant art to implement and use the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first perspective of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument for convenient installation and carrying by an aircraft; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second perspective of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument for convenient installation and carrying by an aircraft; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reinforcing plate, placement rack and support frame; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sectional three-dimensional structure of the reinforcing plate, placement rack and support frame; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of the reinforcing plate, placement rack and hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of the guiding column, airbag and lower force-bearing frame; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of the connecting column, limiting ring and clamping groove; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of the clamping groove, movable groove and clamping block; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of the reinforcing plate and support frame; Figure 10 For Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure at position A in Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of the rubber ring, extension bracket and elastic plate II; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional enlarged structure of elastic plate II, limiting ring and buffer plate.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. UAV main body; 2. Reinforcing plate; 3. Placement rack; 301. Guiding column; 302. Airbag; 303. Force-bearing frame; 304. Elastic plate I; 305. Connecting column; 306. Limiting ring; 307. Clamping groove; 308. Movable groove; 309. Clamping block; 4. Hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument; 5. Support frame; 501. Moving block; 502. Limiting plate; 503. Electric telescopic rod; 504. Adapter column; 505. Rubber ring; 506. Extension bracket; 507. Elastic plate II; 508. Fixed ring; 509. Buffer plate.

[0021] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly implement the structure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device, and environment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] The following describes in detail the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it should be noted here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments. For some well-known technologies, those skilled in the art can also adopt other alternative methods for implementation; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specifically describing the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that in the specification, when referring to "an embodiment", "embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "some embodiments", etc., it indicates that the described embodiments may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not necessarily every embodiment includes such specific features, structures, or characteristics. Additionally, when combining embodiments to describe specific features, structures, or characteristics, implementing such features, structures, or characteristics in combination with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the relevant art.

[0024] Generally, terms can be understood at least in part from their use in context. For example, at least in part depending on the context, the term "one or more" used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey a set of exclusive factors, but rather, at least in part depending on the context, can allow for the existence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0025] It can be understood that the meanings of "on...", "above...", and "over..." in the present invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that "on..." not only means "directly on" something, but also includes the meaning of being "on" something with intermediate features or layers therebetween, and "above..." or "over..." not only means "above" or "over" something, but also can include the meaning of being "above" or "over" something with no intermediate features or layers therebetween.

[0026] In addition, spatial relative terms such as "under", "below", "lower part", "above", "upper part", etc. may be used in this document for convenience of description to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another or more elements or features, as shown in the drawings. The spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations in the use or operation of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatial relative descriptive words used in this document may be correspondingly interpreted similarly.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 12 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer that is convenient for installation and carrying on an aircraft, including a UAV body 1. A reinforcing plate 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV body 1. A placement rack 3 is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing plate 2. A hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the placement rack 3. A support frame 5 is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing plate 2; an auxiliary protection component, which is used to protect the safety of the support frame 5 during landing and is connected to the reinforcing plate 2. The UAV body 1, the reinforcing plate 2, and the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 are existing structures and will not be described in detail. The placement rack 3 is made of plastic, and the bottom of the middle position thereof is exactly snap-fitted with the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4. The support frame 5 is an existing structure, and its middle position is bent. Without affecting the use and support, during the operation, any rotation of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 will not affect the progress of the measurement work. Its top is also processed, and a fixed point is rotatably installed at the upward middle position thereof. In this way, the middle main body part of the support frame 5 can rotate through the fixed point.

[0028] Specifically, after the basic assembly of the UAV body 1, the assembled state of the UAV body 1, the reinforcement plate 2, the placement rack 3 and the support frame 5 is shown. In the initial state, except that the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is not fixed below the UAV body 1, the rest of the structures can be fixed and disassembled easily by bolts, and some structures can also be quickly disassembled using a barrel shaft. Except for the UAV body 1 itself, if there are structures on the remaining reinforcement plate 2, placement rack 3 and support frame 5 that require motor drive, their power sources are all supplied by the battery inside the UAV body 1. Since the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is a modern device with a self-sufficient power system inside, and if there are structures that require electric drive, remote sensing is provided to facilitate remote control of the UAV body 1 at a long distance after takeoff. Before use, the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is clamped to the bottom of the middle position of the reinforcement plate 2, and then the remote control device of the UAV body 1 is operated to take off the UAV body 1 for operation. After takeoff, the support frame 5 is unfolded outward as a whole through remote sensing to ensure that the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 can rotate arbitrarily by 360° in the air without blocking the view. When the UAV body 1 lands, the attitude of the support frame 5 is still reset using remote sensing to ensure that it can effectively support on the ground during landing.

[0029] By using the auxiliary protection component, it can ensure the protection of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 when the UAV body 1 lands. When the UAV is tilted or there are protrusions on the ground, the size of the auxiliary protection component will block the bottom of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4, so that no matter whether the UAV body 1 falls vertically or is tilted, it will first contact the auxiliary protection component, and the auxiliary protection component will reduce the direct damage to the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 caused by tilting and other protrusions, reducing the situation of damage or collision to the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4, thereby ensuring the normal use of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 and subsequent measurement tasks.

[0030] Such as Figures 9 to 12As shown, the auxiliary protection component includes a moving block 501 attached to the bottom of the reinforcing plate 2. An electric telescopic rod 503 is hinged to the side of the moving block 501. A limiting plate 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcing plate 2. An adapter column 504 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame 5. A rubber ring 505 is slidably connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame 5. An extension bracket 506 is slidably connected to the middle position of the support frame 5. A second elastic plate 507 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension bracket 506 near the support frame 5. A fixing ring 508 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame 5. A buffer plate 509 is fixedly connected to the top of the extension bracket 506 away from the side of the support frame 5. The top of the limiting plate 502 is attached to the outer wall of the electric telescopic rod 503. A drive shaft is provided inside the electric telescopic rod 503, and a universal ball is provided on the drive shaft, and the universal ball is hinged to the inner wall of the side of the moving block 501. The shape of the adapter column 504 is the same as the shape of the middle position of the support frame 5. One end of the extension bracket 506 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the middle position of the support frame 5, and the other end is away from the support frame 5, and a weakening part is provided in the middle position of the extension bracket 506. The top of the second elastic plate 507 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension bracket 506 near the support frame 5, and the bottom of the second elastic plate 507 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring 508, and there are several second elastic plates 507. The buffer plate 509 is inclined, with the lower part near the middle position of the extension bracket 506 and the higher part away from the middle position of the extension bracket 506. The electric telescopic rod 503 is mainly controlled by the power supply inside the drone body 1. During the fixing process, there will be a power cord to connect the electric telescopic rod 503 and the power supply inside the drone body 1. And there is a remote sensing structure installed inside the drone body 1. A universal ball is installed on the drive shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503, and the universal ball is movably hinged to the side of the moving block 501, while the moving block 501 and the top of the support frame 5 are fixedly connected. Several slots are provided in the middle position of the extension bracket 506 for lightweight design.

[0031] With the above structure, after the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is installed and fixed, the drone body 1 is about to be controlled to perform aerial measurement operations. In the initial state, the bottom of the support frame 5 is against the ground, and the left and right support frames 5 form a certain angle, which will make the extension bracket 506 bear the force to support the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. When not taking off, the support frame 5 will open the extension bracket 506 and ensure that the bottom of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is in contact with the top of the extension bracket 506. At this time, the buffer plate 509 can play a certain buffering role. When the drone body 1 shakes slightly, the buffering effect of the buffer plate 509 will not cause the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 to shift from the middle position of the top of the extension bracket 506 to other places, and the extension bracket 506 The contact with the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 can be reflected when the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is installed. Since the extension bracket 506 slides on the outer wall of the support frame 5, in daily use, the extension bracket 506 can be pushed up and down by hand. In order to reduce the flexibility of the automatic sliding of the extension bracket 506, the extension bracket 506 and the outer wall of the support frame 5 are clamped tightly. In the case of shaking the drone body 1, the impact on the extension bracket 506 is small. Only when pressure is applied to the middle position of the extension bracket 506 will the extension bracket 506 be displaced downward, or the hand force intervenes to push the extension bracket 506 to the position of the support frame 5 to achieve the overall displacement of the extension bracket 506, and then the drone body 1 is controlled The body 1 starts to take off. During takeoff, the flight state can be controlled while the driving shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503 is remotely controlled to drive outward. During driving, the thrust will be extended to the top of the support frame 5, and the fixed point of the support frame 5 will move outward in an arc shape after receiving the thrust from the top. The driving shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503 is installed with a universal ball hinged on the side of the moving block 501, so the arc motion trajectory of the support frame 5 will not affect the horizontal push of the electric telescopic rod 503. After pushing, the top of the support frame 5 will expand outward, and the middle and lower parts of the support frame 5 will move inward, so that the extension bracket 506 will be squeezed from the middle and lower parts of the support frame 5. During the squeezing process, since the middle position of the extension bracket 506 is provided with a weakened portion, the extension bracket 506 will be squeezed after squeezing. The middle part of the bracket 506 is pushed up, and in the process of the support frame 5 squeezing the extension bracket 506, the extension bracket 506 will slide downward on the outer wall of the support frame 5 under the action of the squeezing force, and the sliding distance will cause the distance of the top of the middle position of the extension bracket 506 to decrease, so that the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 will not be lifted up, avoiding limiting the flexibility of the rotation operation of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4, and the maximum distance that the extension bracket 506 can drop close to the support frame 5 is to contact the top of the fixing ring 508, and in the process of flight, the driving shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503 will always be in an extended state, so that the middle and lower ends of the support frame 5 will always squeeze the extension bracket 506, so that the middle position of the extension bracket 506 will be pushed up,The sliding end of the extension bracket 506 and the support bracket 5 slides down a greater distance than the distance by which the middle of the extension bracket 506 is jacked up. Therefore, the overall extension bracket 506 will still descend until the end of the extension bracket 506 touches the top of the fixed ring 508. After the aerial operation is completed and during the descent process, the remote control is used to retract the driving column of the electric telescopic rod 503. At this time, the moving block 501 no longer exerts force to push the top of the support bracket 5. Thus, the top of the support bracket 5 also moves inward simultaneously while the electric telescopic rod 503 retracts, returning to the initial state. The middle and lower ends of the support bracket 5 no longer squeeze the extension bracket 506. A second elastic plate 507 is fixedly arranged below the end of the extension bracket 506 close to the support bracket 5. After no longer being squeezed, the second elastic plate 507 will reset. Thus, under the combined action of the second elastic plate 507 and the support bracket 5, the extension bracket 506 will also be in the initial position. And since there are a total of four second elastic plates 507, there may be a relatively large reset impact force during the reset process. To avoid damage and fatigue use to the position of the extension bracket 506 at the end of the support bracket 5 after multiple uses, a rubber ring 505 is provided as a buffer. In this way, when the extension bracket 506 slides upward for reset, it will first contact the rubber ring 505, and then drive the rubber ring 505 to continue to impact the bottom of the adapter column 504, reducing the situation where the top of the extension bracket 506 directly contacts the bottom of the adapter column 504 and also reducing the degree of damage to the extension bracket 506 when it impacts the bottom of the adapter column 504. And then, in order to further improve the stability of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 during the landing of the UAV body 1, symmetric buffer plates 509 are provided at the top of the extension bracket 506. Then, after the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 contacts the extension bracket 506, it is equivalent to protecting the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 from the side, preventing the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 from rotating and avoiding bumping into other objects during the rotation process. By providing the rubber ring 505, the extension bracket 506, the second elastic plate 507, and the buffer plates 509 in the auxiliary protection component, during the flight and takeoff / landing process, the position of the support bracket 5 can be changed using remote sensing technology, so that the contact distance between the extension bracket 506 and the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is different, suitable for different scenarios. On the one hand, it does not affect the normal takeoff and landing of the UAV body 1. On the other hand, it can also effectively protect the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 during the descent process, enabling the UAV body 1 to still protect the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 to the greatest extent when landing on an uneven or bumpy ground, reducing the number of external abrasions and bumps of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4.,

[0032] Such as Figures 6 to 8As shown, a guiding column 301 is slidably connected to the end of the placement rack 3. An airbag 302 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guiding column 301. A stress-bearing frame 303 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guiding column 301. An elastic plate 304 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stress-bearing frame 303. An adapter column 305 is fixedly connected to the end of the stress-bearing frame 303 away from the guiding column 301. A number of limiting rings 306 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adapter column 305. A clamping groove 307 is formed at the middle position of the limiting ring 306. An activity groove 308 is arranged at the middle position between two adjacent limiting rings 306. A clamping block 309 is clamped to the outer wall of the limiting ring 306. An anti-detachment ring is arranged at the top of the guiding column 301. The airbag 302 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guiding column 301. The top end of the elastic plate 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement rack 3, and the bottom end of the elastic plate 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the stress-bearing frame 303. The placement rack 3 is fixed to the bottom of the reinforcing plate 2 by bolts. The placement rack 3 and the stress-bearing frame 303 are divided into four circumferentially arrayed parts by the adapter column 305, fixed at the top by bolts and connected to each other at the bottom by the adapter column 305. When the adapter column 305 is pushed upward, it will drive the stress-bearing frame 303 and the elastic plate 304. After compressing the elastic plate 304, the entire stress-bearing frame 303 will move upward, so that the airbag 302 will be squeezed by the upward stress-bearing frame 303. While being compressed, the pressurized airbag 302 will also move upward along the guiding column 301. Thus, the driving force of the airbag 302 is also transmitted to the placement rack 3, gradually dispersing the upward thrust continuously. With the above structure, the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is taken out, and then the clamping block 309 is clamped or fixed to the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 with bolts, and then in accordance with Figure 8Hold the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 vertically upward and snap it into the inside of the connecting column 305. After rising to the top of the inner wall of the connecting column 305 and feeling unable to continue rising, the snap block 309 does not contact the movable groove 308 at this time. Then, while rotating, slowly lower it. During the rotation process, the protruding parts at both ends of the snap block 309 contact and snap into the snap groove 307. At this time, release the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. Under the action of the gravity of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4, the snap block 309 will be firmly snapped onto the snap groove 307 and cannot rotate inside the connecting column 305. Only the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 can be rotated by the self-owned rotation mechanism on the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. During the rotation process, the snap block 309 will be firmly snapped onto the snap groove 307 and cannot rotate. Also, during the installation of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4, it is mentioned that the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 with the snap block 309 needs to be vertically inserted into the top of the inner wall of the connecting column 305. After contacting the top of the inner wall of the connecting column 305, people will continue to move upward a small distance due to the action of inertia force. At this time, there is no remaining upward space on the inner wall of the connecting column 305, so the snap block 309 will start to squeeze the inner wall of the connecting column 305, causing the entire connecting column 305 to move upward. Since the end of the force-bearing frame 303 is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting column 305, the movement of the connecting column 305 will drive the end of the force-bearing frame 303 close to the connecting column 305 to move upward, further squeezing the first elastic plate 304. Thus, the upward thrust of the connecting column 305 is dispersed on the first elastic plate 304, the force-bearing frame 303, and the airbag 302. On the one hand, it can ensure that the installation time will not be increased due to the complex structure when the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is snapped and fixed. On the other hand, the main structure formed by the placement rack 3, the airbag 302, the force-bearing frame 303, and the first elastic plate 304 can enhance the firmness of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 against its own weight. At the same time, the above structure is simple, easy to produce, and mostly made of plastic, effectively controlling the production cost.

[0033] The working principle of the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: Specifically, after the basic assembly of the UAV body 1, the assembled state of the UAV body 1, the reinforcement plate 2, the placement rack 3, and the support frame 5 is shown. In the initial state, except that the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is not fixed below the UAV body 1, the remaining structures can be fixed and disassembled easily by bolts, and some structures can also be quickly disassembled using a barrel shaft. Except for the UAV body 1 itself, if there are structures that need to be driven by a motor on the remaining reinforcement plate 2, placement rack 3, and support frame 5, their power sources are all supplied by the battery inside the UAV body 1. Since the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is a modern device with a self-sufficient power system inside, and if there are structures that need to be electrically driven, remote sensing is set up to facilitate the long-distance control of the UAV body 1 after takeoff. Before use, the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is snapped onto the bottom of the middle position of the reinforcement plate 2, and then the remote control device of the UAV body 1 is operated to take off the UAV body 1 for operation. After takeoff, the support frame 5 is expanded outward as a whole through remote sensing to ensure that the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 can rotate arbitrarily by 360° in the air without blocking the view. When the UAV body 1 lands, the attitude of the support frame 5 is still reset using remote sensing to ensure that it can effectively support on the ground during landing.

[0034] Take out the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4, then snap or fix the snap block 309 on the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 with bolts, and then follow Figure 8Hold the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 vertically upward and snap it into the inside of the connecting column 305. After rising to the top of the inner wall of the connecting column 305 and feeling unable to continue rising, at this time, the snap block 309 does not contact the movable slot 308. Then, while rotating and slowly descending, during the rotation process, the protruding parts at both ends of the snap block 309 come into contact with and are snapped into the snap slot 307. At this time, release the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. Under the action of the gravity of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4, the snap block 309 will be firmly snapped onto the snap slot 307 and cannot rotate inside the connecting column 305. Only the top of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 can be rotated by the self-owned rotating mechanism on the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. During the rotation process, the snap block 309 will be firmly snapped onto the snap slot 307 and cannot rotate. Also, during the installation of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4, it is mentioned that the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 with the snap block 309 needs to be vertically inserted into the top of the inner wall of the connecting column 305. After contacting the top of the inner wall of the connecting column 305, people will continue to move upward a small distance due to the action of inertia force. At this time, there is no remaining upward space on the inner wall of the connecting column 305, so the snap block 309 will start to squeeze the inner wall of the connecting column 305, causing the entire connecting column 305 to move upward. Since the end of the force-bearing frame 303 is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting column 305, the movement of the connecting column 305 will drive the end of the force-bearing frame 303 close to the connecting column 305 to move upward, further squeezing the first elastic plate 304. Thus, the upward thrust of the connecting column 305 is dispersed on the first elastic plate 304, the force-bearing frame 303, and the airbag 302. On the one hand, it can ensure that the installation time will not be increased due to complex structure when the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is snapped and fixed. On the other hand, the main structure formed by the placement rack 3, the airbag 302, the force-bearing frame 303, and the first elastic plate 304 can enhance the firm ability to bear the self-weight of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. At the same time, the above structure is simple, easy to produce, and mostly made of plastic, effectively controlling the production cost.

[0035] After the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is installed and fixed, the drone body 1 is about to be controlled to perform aerial measurement operations. In the initial state, the bottom of the support frame 5 is against the ground, and the left and right support frames 5 form a certain angle, which will cause the extension bracket 506 to be forced to support the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4. When not taking off, the support frame 5 will open the extension bracket 506 and ensure that the bottom of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is in contact with the top of the extension bracket 506. At this time, the buffer plate 509 can play a certain buffering role. When the drone body 1 shakes slightly, the buffering effect of the buffer plate 509 will not cause the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 to shift from the middle position of the top of the extension bracket 506 to other places, and the extension bracket 506 and the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 will not be moved to other places. The contact can be reflected when the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 is installed. Since the extension bracket 506 slides on the outer wall of the support frame 5, the extension bracket 506 can be pushed up and down by hand in daily use. In order to reduce the flexibility of the automatic sliding of the extension bracket 506, the extension bracket 506 is clamped tightly with the outer wall of the support frame 5. When the drone body 1 is shaken, the impact on the extension bracket 506 is small. Only when pressure is applied to the middle position of the extension bracket 506 will the extension bracket 506 be displaced downward, or the hand force intervenes to push the extension bracket 506 to the position of the support frame 5 to achieve the overall displacement of the extension bracket 506, and then the drone body 1 is controlled to start taking off. The flight state can be controlled while the driving shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503 is driven outward by remote control. When driving, the thrust will be extended to the top of the support frame 5, and the fixed point of the support frame 5 will move outward in an arc shape after receiving the thrust from the top. The driving shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503 is installed with a universal ball hinged on the side of the moving block 501, so the arc motion trajectory of the support frame 5 will not affect the horizontal push of the electric telescopic rod 503. After pushing, the top of the support frame 5 will expand outward, and the middle and lower parts of the support frame 5 will move inward, so that the extension bracket 506 will be squeezed from the middle and lower parts of the support frame 5. During the squeezing process, since a weakened portion is provided in the middle position of the extension bracket 506, the middle part of the extension bracket 506 will be pushed up after squeezing, and During the process of the support frame 5 squeezing the extension bracket 506, the extension bracket 506 will slide downward on the outer wall of the support frame 5 under the action of the squeezing force, and the sliding distance will cause the distance of the top of the middle position of the extension bracket 506 to decrease, so that the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4 will not be lifted up, avoiding limiting the flexibility of the rotation operation of the hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument 4, and the maximum distance that the extension bracket 506 can drop close to the support frame 5 is to contact the top of the fixing ring 508, and during the flight, the driving shaft of the electric telescopic rod 503 will always be in an extended state, so that the middle and lower ends of the support frame 5 will always squeeze the extension bracket 506, so that the middle position of the extension bracket 506 will be lifted up, and the sliding end of the extension bracket 506 and the support frame 5,The sliding distance is greater than the distance by which the middle part of the extension bracket 506 is jacked up. Therefore, the entire extension bracket 506 will still descend until the end of the extension bracket 506 touches the top position of the fixed ring 508. After the aerial operation is completed and during the descent process, the remote control is used to retract the electric telescopic rod 503 to drive the column. At this time, the moving block 501 no longer exerts force to push the top of the support frame 5. Thus, the top of the support frame 5 also moves inward simultaneously while the electric telescopic rod 503 retracts, returning to the initial state. The middle and lower ends of the support frame 5 no longer squeeze the extension bracket 506. A second elastic plate 507 is fixedly arranged below the end of the extension bracket 506 close to the support frame 5. After no longer being squeezed, the second elastic plate 507 will reset. Therefore, under the combined action of the second elastic plate 507 and the support frame 5, the extension bracket 506 will also be in the initial position. And since there are a total of four second elastic plates 507, there may be a relatively large reset impact force during the reset process. To avoid damage and fatigue use to the position of the extension bracket 506 at the end of the support frame 5 after multiple uses, a rubber ring 505 is provided as a buffer. In this way, when the extension bracket 506 slides upward for reset, it will first contact the rubber ring 505, and then drive the rubber ring 505 to continue to impact the bottom of the adapter column 504, reducing the situation where the top of the extension bracket 506 directly contacts the bottom of the adapter column 504, and also reducing the degree of damage to the extension bracket 506 when it impacts the bottom of the adapter column 504. And then, in order to further improve the stability of the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 on the drone body 1 during landing, symmetric buffer plates 509 are provided at the top of the extension bracket 506. Then, after the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 contacts the extension bracket 506, it is equivalent to protecting the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 from the side, preventing the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 from rotating, and avoiding collisions with other objects during rotation. By providing the rubber ring 505, the extension bracket 506, the second elastic plate 507, and the buffer plate 509 in the auxiliary protection component, during the flight and takeoff / landing process, the position of the support frame 5 can be changed using remote sensing technology so that the contact distance between the extension bracket 506 and the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 is different, suitable for different scenarios. On the one hand, it does not affect the normal takeoff and landing of the drone body 1, and on the other hand, it can also effectively protect the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 during the descent process, enabling the drone body 1 to still protect the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4 to the greatest extent when landing on an uneven or bumpy ground, reducing the number of external abrasions and knocks on the hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer 4.,

[0036] The present invention covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and solutions made to the essence and scope of the present invention. To enable the public to have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary confusion to the essence of the present invention.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying, comprising a UAV body, characterized in that, A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the UAV body. A placement rack is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing plate. A hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the placement rack. A support frame is installed at the bottom of the reinforcing plate; An auxiliary protection component, which is used to protect the safety of the support frame during landing. The auxiliary protection component is connected to the reinforcing plate.

2. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary protection component includes a moving block attached to the bottom of the reinforcing plate. An electric telescopic rod is hinged to the side of the moving block. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcing plate.

3. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 2, characterized in that, An adapter column is fixedly connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame. A rubber ring is slidably connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame. An extension bracket is slidably connected to the middle position of the support frame.

4. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 3, characterized in that, An elastic plate II is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension bracket close to the support frame. A fixed ring is fixedly connected to the middle position of the outer wall of the support frame. A buffer plate is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the extension bracket far from the support frame.

5. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 1, wherein A guiding column is slidably connected to the end of the placement rack. An airbag is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guiding column. A stress frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guiding column. An elastic plate I is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stress frame.

6. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting column is fixedly connected to the end of the stress frame far from the guiding column. A number of limiting rings are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting column. A clamping groove is formed at the middle position of the limiting ring. An activity groove is formed at the middle position of the limiting ring. A clamping block is clamped on the outer wall of the limiting ring.

7. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the limiting plate is attached to the outer wall of the electric telescopic rod. A driving shaft is arranged inside the electric telescopic rod. A universal ball is arranged on the driving shaft. The universal ball is hinged to the inner wall of the side of the moving block.

8. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 3, characterized in that The shape of the adapter column is the same as the shape of the middle position of the support frame. One end of the extension bracket is slidably connected to the outer wall of the middle position of the support frame, and the other end is far from the support frame. A weakening part is arranged at the middle position of the extension bracket.

9. The hyperspectral remote sensing measuring instrument convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the elastic plate II is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extension bracket close to the support frame. The bottom of the elastic plate II is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed ring. And there are several elastic plates II. The buffer plate is in an inclined shape, with the lower part near the middle position of the extension bracket and the higher part far from the middle position of the extension bracket.

10. The hyperspectral remote sensing spectrometer convenient for aircraft installation and carrying according to claim 5, wherein, An anti-detachment ring is arranged at the top of the guiding column. The airbag is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guiding column. The top end of the elastic plate I is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement rack. The bottom end of the elastic plate I is fixedly connected to the top of the stress frame.

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