Friction material, friction block and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a friction material, a friction block and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of building damping materials. The friction material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 7 to 15 percent of silicon modified resin, 3 to 6 percent of fluororubber, 10 to 20 percent of calcium carbonate, 10 to 20 percent of nano silicon dioxide, 15 to 30 percent of inorganic fiber, 3 to 6 percent of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 7 to 15 percent of aluminum hydroxide whisker and 7 to 15 percent of aluminum oxide. The friction block prepared from the friction material has the characteristics of stable friction coefficient, good damping effect, wear resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance, and can meet the high requirements of buildings on the damping friction material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building damping materials, and discloses a friction material, a friction block, and their preparation methods and uses. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the seismic performance of buildings has received increasing attention. Building damping blocks are key structural components designed to reduce the vibration amplitude of buildings under seismic or other dynamic loads, thereby improving the safety and stability of buildings. They are widely used in structures such as high-rise buildings, bridges, and industrial factories to reduce the impact of earthquakes, wind loads, or mechanical vibrations on buildings. The friction material of the damping block is the core carrier for the damping block to dissipate energy. It can generate frictional heat when subjected to vibration, converting mechanical energy into heat energy, thereby effectively dissipating the vibration energy. Traditional building damping block friction materials have deficiencies in heat resistance, weather resistance, durability, and anti-corrosion performance, which limit their application scope. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a friction material, a friction block, and their preparation methods and uses to improve the problem of the relatively small application scope of traditional building damping block friction materials.

[0004] To achieve the above object and other related objects, in a first aspect of the present invention, a friction material is provided. Calculated by the mass percentage of the friction material, the friction material includes the following components and the mass percentage of each component is as follows: 7-15% of silicon-modified resin, 3-6% of fluororubber, 10-20% of calcium carbonate, 10-20% of nano-silica, 15-30% of inorganic fibers, 3-6% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 7-15% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 7-15% of alumina.

[0005] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the diammonium hydrogen phosphate to the aluminum hydroxide whiskers is 1:2 to 1:3.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is 60-100 μm, and the particle size of the nano-silica is 20-50 nm.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the aluminum hydroxide whiskers is 0.5-1 μm, and the aspect ratio of the aluminum hydroxide whiskers is 10-30.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic fibers include any one or more of mineral fibers, glass fibers, and ceramic fibers.

[0009] In a second aspect of the present invention, a friction block is provided, and the friction block is made of the above-mentioned friction material.

[0010] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a friction block, which includes the following steps:

[0011] Weigh each component of the friction material according to the ratio and place it in a mixer to stir evenly;

[0012] Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding to obtain the friction block.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the mixer is 300 - 800 rpm, and the stirring time is 5 - 8 min.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, during the molding, the pressing pressure is 5 - 8 Mpa, the pressing temperature is 150 - 180 °C, and the pressing time is 5 - 15 min.

[0015] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a use of the friction block, and the friction block is used for a shock absorber for construction.

[0016] For the friction material of the present invention, the silicon-modified resin has unique physical and chemical properties. The silicon-modified resin has excellent high-temperature resistance, good chemical corrosion resistance, good weather resistance, and can be used to prepare high-filled composite materials to form a heat-resistant, weather-resistant, and durable system; the fluororubber has good high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, vacuum resistance, ozone resistance, light resistance, and weather resistance; the fluororubber and the silicon-modified resin can form a good combination and achieve curing through chemical reactions, enhancing mechanical strength, heat resistance, aging resistance, and chemical medium resistance and other properties. The nano-silica and the aluminum hydroxide whiskers are well doped with inorganic fibers in the silicon-modified resin matrix to improve their own fatigue resistance. The synergistic effect of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and aluminum hydroxide whiskers in the matrix increases the temperature range of flame retardancy and improves the flame retardancy efficiency. The friction block made of the friction material of the present application has the characteristics of stable friction coefficient, good shock absorption effect, wear resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance, and can meet the high requirements of buildings for shock-absorbing friction materials. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other embodiments can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the preparation of the friction block of the present invention in an embodiment. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation modes of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes. All details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. It should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for describing specific implementation modes and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. The test methods without specific conditions noted in the following embodiments are generally carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by each manufacturer.

[0020] When an embodiment gives a numerical range, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention, based on the understanding of those skilled in the art of the prior art and the description of the present invention, can also use any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to the prior art in the methods, devices, and materials in the embodiments of the present invention to implement the present invention.

[0021] The present application provides a friction material. Calculated by the mass percentage of the friction material, the friction material includes the following components and the mass percentages of each component are: 7-15% of silicon-modified resin, 3-6% of fluororubber, 10-20% of calcium carbonate, 10-20% of nano-silica, 15-30% of inorganic fiber, 3-6% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 7-15% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 7-15% of alumina.

[0022] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of diammonium hydrogen phosphate to aluminum hydroxide whiskers is 1:2 to 1:3, for example, it can be any value in 1:2 to 1:3 such as 1:1, 1:2.5, or 1:3.

[0023] In one embodiment, the particle size of diammonium hydrogen phosphate is 60-100 μm; the particle size of nano-silica is 20-50 nm.

[0024] In one embodiment, the diameter of the aluminum hydroxide whiskers is 0.5-1 μm.

[0025] In one embodiment, the aspect ratio of the aluminum hydroxide whiskers is 10-30.

[0026] In one embodiment, the inorganic fiber includes any one or more of mineral fiber, glass fiber, and ceramic fiber.

[0027] The present application also provides a friction block, which is made of the above-mentioned friction material. In the above-mentioned friction material, the silicon-modified resin has unique physical and chemical properties. The silicon-modified resin has excellent high-temperature resistance, good chemical corrosion resistance, good weather resistance, and can be used to prepare high-filled composites, forming a heat resistance, weather resistance, and durability system; fluororubber has good high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, vacuum resistance, ozone resistance, light resistance, and weather resistance; fluororubber and the silicon-modified resin can form a good combination and achieve curing through chemical reactions, enhancing mechanical strength, heat resistance, aging resistance, and chemical medium resistance and other properties. Nano-silica and aluminum hydroxide whiskers are well-doped with inorganic fibers in the silicon-modified resin matrix, improving their own anti-fatigue performance. The synergistic effect of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and aluminum hydroxide whiskers in the matrix increases the temperature range of flame retardancy and improves the flame retardancy efficiency. Therefore, the friction block made of the above-mentioned friction material has excellent characteristics of stable friction coefficient, good shock absorption effect, wear resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, anti-fatigue, and anti-corrosion, and can meet the high requirements of buildings for shock-absorbing friction materials.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present application also provides a preparation method of a friction block, including the following steps:

[0029] S1. Weigh each component of the friction material according to the ratio and place them in a mixer and stir evenly;

[0030] S2. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press and press it into shape to obtain the friction block.

[0031] In step S1, based on the mass percentage of the friction material, the friction material includes the following components and the mass percentage of each component is: 7-15% of silicon-modified resin, 3-6% of fluororubber, 10-20% of calcium carbonate, 10-20% of nano-silica, 15-30% of inorganic fibers, 3-6% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 7-15% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 7-15% of alumina. In one embodiment, the rotation speed of the mixer is 300-800 rpm, such as any value in 300-800 rpm like 300 rpm, 500 rpm, or 800 rpm; the stirring time is 5-8 min, such as any value in 5-8 min like 5 min, 7 min, or 8 min.

[0032] In step S2, when pressing into shape, the pressing pressure is 5-8 Mpa, such as any value in 5-8 Mpa like 5 Mpa, 6 Mpa, 7 Mpa, or 8 Mpa; the pressing temperature is 150-180 °C, such as any value in 150-180 °C like 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, or 180 °C, and the pressing time is 5-15 min, such as any value in 5-15 min like 5 min, 10 min, or 15 min.

[0033] The preparation method of the friction block of the present invention is simple, the process is stable, and the product yield is high.

[0034] This application also provides a use of the friction block. The friction block of this application has excellent characteristics such as stable friction coefficient, good shock absorption effect, wear resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, anti-fatigue, and anti-corrosion, and can meet the high requirements of buildings for shock-absorbing friction materials. Therefore, it is applicable to building shock-absorbing blocks.

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below through several specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are all commercially available products, or can be prepared by conventional methods in the art, and the instruments used in the embodiments can all be commercially purchased.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 7% of silicon-modified resin, 6% of fluororubber, 20% of calcium carbonate, 10% of nano-silica, 30% of inorganic fiber, 5% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 15% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 7% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and stir at 300 rpm for 8 minutes to mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 8 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 180 °C, and a hot pressing time of 5 minutes to obtain the friction block.

[0038] In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber is selected as mineral fiber.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 15% of silicon-modified resin, 3% of fluororubber, 11% of calcium carbonate, 20% of nano-silica, 15% of inorganic fiber, 6% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 15% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 15% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and stir at 800 rpm for 5 minutes to mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 5 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 150 °C, and a hot pressing time of 15 minutes to obtain the friction block.

[0041] In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber is selected as ceramic fiber.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 12% of silicon-modified resin, 5% of fluororubber, 10% of calcium carbonate, 18% of nano-silica, 30% of inorganic fiber, 3% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 7% of aluminum hydroxide whisker, and 15% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and stir at 400 rpm for 6.5 min to mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 7 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 160 °C, and a hot pressing time of 9 min to obtain the friction block.

[0044] In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber is selected as glass fiber.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 10% of silicon-modified resin, 4% of fluororubber, 16% of calcium carbonate, 14% of nano-silica, 24% of inorganic fiber, 5% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 14% of aluminum hydroxide whisker, and 13% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and stir at 500 rpm for 6 min to mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 7 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 160 °C, and a hot pressing time of 9 min to obtain the friction block.

[0047] In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber is selected as a mixture of mineral fiber and glass fiber, and the mass ratio of mineral fiber to glass fiber is 1:1.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 9% of silicon-modified resin, 6% of fluororubber, 14% of calcium carbonate, 20% of nano-silica, 25% of inorganic fiber, 5% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10% of aluminum hydroxide whisker, and 11% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and stir at 300 rpm for 8 min to mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 8 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 180 °C, and a hot pressing time of 5 min to obtain the friction block.

[0050] In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber is selected as a mixture of glass fiber and ceramic fiber, and the mass ratio of glass fiber to ceramic fiber is 1:1.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 13% of silicon-modified resin, 4% of fluororubber, 19% of calcium carbonate, 15% of nano-silica, 20% of inorganic fiber, 4% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 15% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and stir at 800 rpm for 5 minutes to mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 5 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 150 °C, and a hot pressing time of 15 minutes to obtain the friction block.

[0053] In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber is selected as glass fiber.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] In this comparative example, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 7% of phenolic resin, 6% of nitrile rubber, 20% of calcium carbonate, 10% of nano-silica, 30% of inorganic fiber, 5% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 15% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 7% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 8 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 180 °C, and a hot pressing time of 5 minutes to obtain the friction block.

[0056] In this comparative example, the inorganic fiber is selected as glass fiber.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] In this comparative example, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 15% of silicon-modified resin, 3% of fluororubber, 11% of calcium carbonate, 20% of nano-silica, 15% of inorganic fiber, 6% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 15% of aluminum hydroxide, and 15% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 5 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 150 °C, and a hot pressing time of 15 minutes to obtain the friction block.

[0059] In this comparative example, the inorganic fiber is selected as glass fiber.

[0060] Comparative Example 3

[0061] In this comparative example, the preparation method of the friction block is as follows: Weigh the raw materials of the friction material according to the following ratio: 12% of silicon-modified resin, 5% of fluororubber, 13% of calcium carbonate, 18% of nano-silica, 30% of inorganic fiber, 7% of aluminum hydroxide whiskers, and 15% of alumina. Add the above raw materials into a mixer and mix evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding, with a pressing pressure of 7 Mpa, a hot pressing temperature of 160 °C, and a hot pressing time of 9 minutes to obtain the friction block.

[0062] In this comparative example, mineral fiber is selected as the inorganic fiber.

[0063] The friction blocks prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were cut into the required shapes and subjected to a series of performance tests including friction coefficient, hardness, static fatigue test, salt spray test, and fire resistance. The detection of the friction coefficient referred to the standard of GB / T34007-2017, the detection of hardness referred to the standard of GB / T 5766-2023. The test process of the static fatigue test was as follows: under a pressure of 13 Mpa, the friction material was displaced forward by 30 mm, backward by 60 mm, and then forward by 60 mm. The forward and backward displacement of 60 mm was repeated 1999 times, and the last displacement was 30 mm to return to the original position. The displacement speed was 6.0 mm / s. After the test, the torque value during the test process and whether there were cracks or detachment of the friction material were determined. The salt spray test referred to the standard of GB / T 10125-2021. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0064] Table 1 Performance detection of the friction blocks prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0065]

[0066] The μ in Table 1 op is the working friction coefficient, μ min is the minimum friction coefficient, μ max is the maximum friction coefficient

[0067] As can be seen from Table 1, the friction blocks prepared in Examples 1 to 6 have the characteristics of stable friction coefficient, good shock absorption effect, wear resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, anti-fatigue, and anti-corrosion, and can meet the high requirements of buildings for shock-absorbing friction blocks.

[0068] For the friction material of the present invention, the silicon-modified resin has unique physical and chemical properties. The silicon-modified resin has excellent high-temperature resistance, good chemical corrosion resistance, good weather resistance, and can be used to prepare high-filled composite materials to form a heat-resistant, weather-resistant, and durable system; fluororubber has good high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, vacuum resistance, ozone resistance, light resistance, and weather resistance; fluororubber and silicon-modified resin can form a good combination and achieve curing through chemical reactions, enhancing mechanical strength, heat resistance, aging resistance, and chemical medium resistance and other properties. Nano-silica and aluminum hydroxide whiskers form good doping with inorganic fibers in the silicon-modified resin matrix, improving their own anti-fatigue performance. The synergistic effect of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and aluminum hydroxide whiskers in the matrix increases the temperature range of flame retardancy and improves the flame retardancy efficiency. The friction blocks made of the friction material of this application have the characteristics of stable friction coefficient, good shock absorption effect, wear resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, anti-fatigue, and anti-corrosion, and can meet the high requirements of buildings for shock-absorbing friction materials. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes some practical problems in the prior art and thus has high utilization value and practical significance.

[0069] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction material, characterized in that, Based on the mass percentage of the friction material, the friction material comprises the following components and their mass percentages are as follows: 7-15% of silicon-modified resin, 3-6% of fluororubber, 10-20% of calcium carbonate, 10-20% of nano-silica, 15-30% of inorganic fiber, 3-6% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 7-15% of aluminum hydroxide whisker, and 7-15% of alumina.

2. The friction material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the diammonium hydrogen phosphate to the aluminum hydroxide whisker is 1:2 to 1:

3.

3. The friction material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is 60-100 μm, and the particle size of the nano-silica is 20-50 nm.

4. The friction material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the aluminum hydroxide whisker is 0.5-1 μm, and the aspect ratio of the aluminum hydroxide whisker is 10-30.

5. The friction material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic fiber includes any one or more of mineral fiber, glass fiber, and ceramic fiber.

6. A friction block, characterized in that, It is made of the friction material according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A method for preparing the friction block according to claim 6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Weigh each component of the friction material according to the ratio and place them in a mixer to stir evenly. Place the evenly mixed friction material in a hot press for molding to obtain the friction block.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotation speed of the mixer is 300-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 5-8 min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein During the molding process, the pressing pressure is 5-8 Mpa, the pressing temperature is 150-180 °C, and the pressing time is 5-15 min.

10. Use of the friction block according to claim 6, characterized in that, The friction block is used for building damping blocks.

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