Method and device for treating solid waste containing copper and nickel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of copper-nickel solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for treating copper-nickel-containing solid waste, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, transferring a furnace mouth to a feed opening for feeding, and then transferring the furnace mouth to a position opposite to a blowing pipe for melting; s2, when part of the materials in the furnace are molten, blowing is carried out; s3, after the materials in the furnace are completely melted, quartz is added for slagging; s4, blowing: after slagging reaction, pouring out slag floating on the surface, and keeping the temperature of the slag at 1200-1240 DEG C; s5, after slag in the furnace is completely discharged, quartz is added for secondary slagging; s6, repeating the step S4; s7, after the slag is discharged for the second time, quartz is added to continue slagging according to the iron content in the test result of the nickel sample; and S8, obtaining qualified high-grade matte nickel when the iron content of the molten material in the furnace is 2-4%. According to the method, the copper-nickel solid waste is subjected to matching smelting treatment, renewable resources are utilized, the utilization rate of non-ferrous metal resources is increased, pollution is reduced, the ecological environment is protected, and precious metal resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of copper-nickel solid waste treatment, and in particular to a method and device for treating copper-nickel-containing solid waste. Background Art

[0002] As an important industrial raw material, copper-nickel occupies a pivotal position in the national economy. In recent years, with the continuous development of the national economy and the continuous upgrading of the industrial structure, the market demand for copper-nickel has shown a steady growth trend. Especially in the new energy, aerospace, automobile, electronics, construction, chemical industry, machinery manufacturing and other industries, it is widely used. With the continuous development of the global economy and the continuous advancement of science and technology, the application field of copper-nickel is constantly expanding, especially in high-tech fields such as aerospace and robot manufacturing, copper-nickel is widely used in the manufacture of parts.

[0003] As the amount of copper-nickel ore mining increases, the reserves of copper-nickel ore continue to decrease, accompanied by a decrease in the grade of copper-nickel ore. As the primary copper-nickel resources decrease year by year, the amount of industrial and civilian waste is increasing. Making good use of these recycled resources can not only improve the utilization rate of non-ferrous metal resources, but also reduce pollution, protect the ecological environment, and save precious metal resources. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a method and device for treating copper-nickel solid waste to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to propose a method and device for treating copper-nickel containing solid waste.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for treating copper-nickel solid waste, comprising a furnace body, a feeding belt, a silo and a crane, wherein the copper-nickel solid waste is treated by the furnace body, wherein the copper:nickel ratio is about 0.4, the sulfur ratio is about 20%, and the iron ratio is not less than 25%. It is worth noting that the content of the materials after matching is balanced and should not fluctuate too much;

[0006] The furnace body is used to blow the molten matte (molten matte refers to the eutectic of non-ferrous heavy metal sulfides and iron sulfides, and is an important intermediate product of pyrometallurgy of sulfide concentrates of metals such as copper and nickel). Its main components are FeS, Cu2S, and Ni3S2. In addition, it also contains a small amount of other metal sulfides and iron oxides. During blowing, the oxidation reaction of sulfides mainly occurs, and the reaction can be expressed by the following formula:

[0007] MeS+1.502——MeO+SO2

[0008] MeS+02——Me+SO2

[0009] The ΔG-T relationship of the reaction between sulfide and oxygen shows that the standard Gibbs free energy ΔG of the Fe oxidation reaction is the lowest. Therefore, at the initial stage of matte converting, it is oxidized prior to Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂. FeS is first oxidized to FeO and quartz is added to form slag. As FeS is oxidized and slag is formed, its concentration in the matte decreases while the concentrations of Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂ increase. The tendency for Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂ to be oxidized also gradually increases. However, when FeS is present, it will convert Cu₂O and Ni₃O₂ into Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂. So during the slag-forming period, as long as FeS has not been completely oxidized, Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂ will remain in the nickel matte;

[0010] The main equations during the slag-forming period:

[0011] FeS + O₂ → FeO + SO₂

[0012] 2FeO + SiO₂ → 2FeO·SiO₂.

[0013] Preferably, the steps of the copper-nickel solid waste treatment method are as follows:

[0014] S1: First, use the overhead crane (14) to lift the materials to the silo (13), then turn the furnace mouth to the discharge opening of the feeding belt (9), start the feeding belt (9) to feed, and then turn the furnace mouth to face the blowing pipe to melt the materials;

[0015] S2: When part of the materials in the furnace are melted, insert the blowing pipe to blow;

[0016] S3: After all the materials in the furnace are completely melted, remove the blowing pipe, turn the furnace mouth to the discharge opening of the feeding belt (9), add quartz to form slag, and then turn the furnace mouth to face the blowing pipe;

[0017] S4: Re-insert the blowing pipe to blow. After the slag-forming reaction, pour out the slag floating on the surface, and keep the slag temperature at 1200 - 1240 °C;

[0018] S5: After the slag in the furnace is emptied, add quartz for the second slag-forming;

[0019] S6: Repeat step S4;

[0020] S7: After the second slag is emptied, according to the iron content in the nickel sample test result, add quartz to continue slag-forming;

[0021] S8: When the iron content in the molten materials in the furnace is 4 - 2%, qualified nickel matte is obtained;

[0022] S9: During the blowing period, the pressure of the blowing pipe is maintained at about 500 - 700 kPa, and the flow rate is maintained at 3500 - 4500 m 3 / h.

[0023] A device for treating copper-nickel solid waste, the furnace body is provided with a furnace mouth, and a blowing pipe is arranged in front of the furnace body.

[0024] Preferably, a transmission system is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body. The transmission system includes a motor, a gear, a gear ring, a fixed-end drag wheel, a sliding-end drag wheel, a fixed-end rolling ring and a sliding-end rolling ring. The fixed-end rolling ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body, and the fixed-end drag wheel is fixedly arranged below the furnace body and is rotatably installed with the fixed-end rolling ring.

[0025] Preferably, a smoke hood is arranged at one end of the furnace body. A sliding-end rolling ring is arranged at one end of the smoke hood, and a sliding-end drag wheel is fixedly arranged below the smoke hood. The sliding-end rolling ring is rotatably installed with the furnace body, and the sliding-end rolling ring is rotatably installed with the sliding-end drag wheel. A smoke outlet is arranged at the upper end of the smoke hood. The smoke hood is used for discharging waste gas. The smoke hood is rotatably installed through the sliding-end rolling ring and the sliding-end drag wheel, avoiding the synchronous rotation of the smoke hood and the furnace body.

[0026] Preferably, a gear ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body, and a gear meshing with the gear ring is arranged at the output end of the motor. When the motor drives the gear to rotate, the gear pushes the gear ring, thereby driving the furnace body to rotate.

[0027] Preferably, a circular smoke collecting hood is arranged above the furnace body, and the discharging end of the feeding belt is placed between the furnace and the circular smoke collecting hood for collecting the smoke and dust generated during blowing and feeding.

[0028] Preferably, a metering belt is arranged below the silo. One end of the metering belt is provided with a feeding belt, and one end of the feeding belt is located above the furnace body. The linkage control of the metering belt and the feeding belt ensures that the fluctuation range of the material ratio is <2% through real-time weighing feedback (accuracy ±0.1 kg), meeting the precise ratio of copper-nickel-sulfur-iron content (Cu 9%, S 20%, Fe ≥ 25%).

[0029] Preferably, a vibrating feeder is arranged on the inner wall of the lower opening of the silo. The vibrating feeder prevents material blockage and improves the continuity of feeding.

[0030] Preferably, a vibrator is arranged on the outer wall of the silo. The vibrator prevents material blockage and improves the continuity of feeding.

[0031] Preferably, a traveling crane is arranged at the front end of the furnace body. The traveling crane is used for material handling, and the material is lifted to the silo by the traveling crane.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] The present invention conducts secondary smelting treatment on copper-nickel solid waste through a furnace body. During the treatment process, through the proportioning of different raw materials, the ratio of copper to nickel is about 0.4, sulfur is about 20%, and iron is not less than 25%. The content of the mixed materials is balanced. Under the specified processing technology, effective recovery of copper and nickel is achieved. During the process of copper-nickel recovery, the furnace body can rotate automatically to adjust the position of the furnace mouth, facilitating the addition and output of materials and the blowing operation, realizing the rational utilization of resources, reducing pollution, protecting the ecological environment, and saving precious metal resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is the side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1, drive system; 2, fixed-end idler pulley; 3, sliding-end idler pulley; 4, fixed-end girth gear; 5, sliding-end girth gear; 6, smoke outlet; 7, smoke hood; 8, furnace body; 9, feeding belt; 10, metering belt; 11, vibrating feeder; 12, vibrator; 13, storage bin; 14, overhead crane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , an embodiment provided by the present invention:

[0039] A method for treating copper-nickel solid waste includes a furnace body 8 and a storage bin 13. The copper-nickel solid waste is treated through the furnace body 8, with the ratio of copper to nickel being about 0.4, sulfur being about 20%, and iron not less than 25%. It should be noted that the content of the mixed materials is balanced and should not have too large fluctuations;

[0040] The furnace body 8 is used to blow and refine matte. Matte refers to the eutectic melt of heavy non-ferrous metal sulfides and iron sulfides and is an important intermediate product in the pyrometallurgy of sulfide concentrates of metals such as copper and nickel. Its main components are FeS and Cu2S, Ni3S2. In addition, it also contains a small amount of other metal sulfides and iron oxides. During blowing, the oxidation reaction of sulfides mainly occurs, and its reaction can be represented by the following formula:

[0041] MeS + 1.5O2 —— MeO + SO2

[0042] MeS + O2 —— Me + SO2

[0043] The ΔG-T relationship of the reaction between sulfide and oxygen. The standard Gibbs free energy ΔG of the Fe oxidation reaction is the lowest. Therefore, at the initial stage of matte smelting, it is oxidized prior to Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂. FeS is first oxidized to FeO and quartz is added to form slag. As FeS is oxidized to form slag, its concentration in the matte decreases, while the concentrations of Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂ increase. The oxidation tendency of Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂ also gradually increases. However, when FeS is present, Cu₂O and Ni₃O₂ will be converted to Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂. Therefore, as long as FeS has not been completely oxidized during the slag formation period, Cu₂S and Ni₃S₂ will remain in the nickel matte;

[0044] The main equations during the slag formation period:

[0045] FeS + O₂ —— FeO + SO₂

[0046] 2FeO + SiO₂ —— 2FeO·SiO₂.

[0047] The steps of the copper-nickel solid waste treatment method are as follows:

[0048] S1: First, use the overhead crane 14 to lift the materials to the silo 13, then turn the furnace mouth to the discharge opening of the feeding belt 9, start the feeding belt 9 to feed. When about 40 - 50 tons of materials have been fed, stop feeding, and then turn the furnace mouth to face the blowing pipe, ignite the natural gas gun to melt the materials;

[0049] Table 1 Composition of the materials charged into the furnace (%)

[0050] Copper Nickel Sure Sulfur Iron 13.64 36.59 0.36 21.08 25.25

[0051] S2: When part of the materials in the furnace has melted, insert the blowing pipe to blow;

[0052] S3: After all the materials in the furnace have melted, remove the blowing pipe, turn the furnace mouth to the discharge opening of the feeding belt 9, add about 3.5 - 4.8 tons of quartz to form slag, and then turn the furnace mouth to face the blowing pipe;

[0053] S4: Re-insert the blowing pipe to blow. After about 5 hours of slag formation reaction, pour out the slag floating on the surface. When the temperature of the slag is greater than 1240 °C or less than 1200 °C, adjust the flow rate of natural gas to keep the slag temperature at 1200 - 1240 °C;

[0054] S5: After the slag in the furnace has been discharged, add about 1.5 tons of quartz for the second slag formation;

[0055] S6: Repeat step S4;

[0056] S7: After the slag is discharged for the second time, according to the iron content in the nickel sample test result, appropriately add a small amount of quartz to continue slag making;

[0057] S8: When the iron content of the molten material in the furnace reaches 4-2%, qualified nickel matte can be obtained and nickel can be discharged;

[0058] S9: During the smelting period, the pressure of the smelting pipe is maintained at about 500-700 kpa, and the flow rate is maintained at 3500-4500 m3 / h.

[0059] Table 2 Composition of nickel matte (%)

[0060] Nickel Copper Sulfur Iron Silicon Calcium Arsenic Aluminum 42.74 16.89 24.25 2.78 1.52 0.61 0.36 0.34

[0061] When treating copper-nickel solid waste, through the ratio of raw material copper: nickel of about 0.4, sulfur of about 20%, and iron not less than 25%, and implementing according to the steps of the copper-nickel solid waste treatment method, the rational utilization of these renewable resources is realized. It can not only improve the utilization rate of non-ferrous metal resources, but also reduce pollution, protect the ecological environment, and save precious metal resources.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] A device for treating copper-nickel solid waste, comprising: The furnace body 8 is provided with a furnace mouth, and a smelting pipe is provided in front of the furnace body 8.

[0064] The lower end of the furnace body 8 is provided with a transmission system 1, and the transmission system 1 includes a motor, a gear, a gear ring, a fixed-end idler 2, a sliding-end idler 3, a fixed-end rolling ring 4 and a sliding-end rolling ring 5. The fixed-end rolling ring 4 is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body 8, and the fixed-end idler 2 is fixedly placed below the furnace body 8 and is rotatably installed with the fixed-end rolling ring 4.

[0065] One end of the furnace body 8 is provided with a smoke hood 7. One end of the smoke hood 7 is provided with a sliding-end rolling ring 5. The sliding-end idler 3 is fixedly placed below the smoke hood 7. The sliding-end rolling ring 5 is rotatably installed with the furnace body 8. The sliding-end rolling ring 5 is rotatably installed with the sliding-end idler 3. The upper end of the smoke hood 7 is provided with a smoke port 6.

[0066] The outer wall of the furnace body 8 is sleeved with a gear ring, and the output end of the motor is provided with a gear meshing with the gear ring.

[0067] A ring smoke hood is arranged above the furnace body 8, and the discharging end of the feeding belt 9 is placed between the furnace body 8 and the ring smoke hood.

[0068] A metering belt 10 is arranged below the material bin 13. One end of the metering belt 10 is provided with a feeding belt 9, and one end of the feeding belt 9 is located above the furnace body.

[0069] A vibrating feeder 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end opening of the material bin 13.

[0070] A vibrator 12 is provided on the outer wall of the storage bin 13.

[0071] A traveling crane 14 is provided at the front end of the furnace body 8.

[0072] Traditional reverberatory furnace smelting takes 10 - 15 hours. Through the cooperation of the high-pressure blowing pipe and quartz slag making, this patent compresses the cycle to 8 hours, reducing the natural gas consumption by 25%;

[0073] At the same time, the labor cost is reduced by 40%, the consumption of quartz is reduced by 15% due to precise slag making, the single furnace processing capacity is increased to 50 tons / batch, the daily average processing capacity reaches 200 tons, and the SO2 emission concentration < 100mg / m 3 .

[0074] The above specific embodiments are only several preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention and the relevant inspirations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

[0075] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A method for treating copper-nickel-containing solid waste, characterized in that: The steps of the copper-nickel solid waste treatment method are as follows: S1: First, use the overhead crane (14) to lift the material to the silo (13), then turn the furnace mouth to the discharge opening of the discharge belt (9), start the discharge belt (9) to discharge the material, and then turn the furnace mouth to face the blowing pipe to melt the material. S2: When part of the material in the furnace has melted, insert the blowing pipe to blow. S3: After the material in the furnace is completely melted, remove the blowing pipe, turn the furnace mouth to the discharge opening of the discharge belt (9), add quartz for slag making, and then turn the furnace mouth to face the blowing pipe. S4: Re-insert the blowing pipe to blow. After the slag-making reaction, pour out the slag floating on the surface, and keep the slag temperature at 1200 - 1240 °C. S5: After the slag in the furnace is emptied, continue to add quartz for the second slag making. S6: Repeat step S4. S7: After the second slag is emptied, according to the iron content in the nickel sample test result, add quartz to continue slag making. S8: When the iron content of the molten material in the furnace is 2 - 4%, qualified nickel matte is obtained.

2. The method for treating copper-nickel-containing solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: In the said material: the ratio of copper to nickel is about 0.4, sulfur is 20%, and iron is not less than 25%.

3. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste used in the method for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: It includes: the furnace body (8) is provided with a furnace mouth, and a blowing pipe is arranged in front of the furnace body (8).

4. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, wherein: A transmission system (1) is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body (8). The transmission system (1) includes a motor, a gear, a gear ring, a fixed-end idler (2), a sliding-end idler (3), a fixed-end girth gear (4) and a sliding-end girth gear (5). The fixed-end girth gear (4) is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body (8), and the fixed-end idler (2) is fixedly arranged below the furnace body (8) and is rotatably installed with the fixed-end girth gear (4).

5. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, wherein: A smoke hood (7) is arranged at one end of the furnace body (8). A sliding-end girth gear (5) is arranged at one end of the smoke hood (7). A sliding-end idler (3) is fixedly arranged below the smoke hood (7). The sliding-end girth gear (5) is rotatably installed with the furnace body (8), the sliding-end girth gear (5) is rotatably installed with the sliding-end idler (3), and a smoke outlet (6) is arranged at the upper end of the smoke hood (7).

6. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gear ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the furnace body (8), and a gear meshing with the gear ring is arranged at the output end of the motor.

7. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, wherein: An annular smoke collecting hood is arranged above the furnace body (8), and the discharge end of the discharge belt (9) is placed between the furnace body (8) and the annular smoke collecting hood.

8. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: A metering belt (10) is arranged below the silo (13). One end of the metering belt (10) is provided with a discharge belt (9), and one end of the discharge belt (9) is located above the furnace body; a vibrating feeder (11) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower opening of the silo (13).

9. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vibrator (12) is arranged on the outer wall of the silo (13).

10. The device for treating copper-nickel solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: An overhead crane (14) is arranged at the front end of the furnace body (8).

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