Synthesis method and application of 1, 2-hexanediol

Abstract

The invention discloses a synthesis method and application of 1, 2-hexanediol, and relates to the technical field of synthesis of organic compounds. According to the method, a magnesium-carbon composite electrode system is adopted, 1, 2-epoxyhexane is taken as a raw material, and an electrochemical hydrolysis reaction is carried out in a lithium chloride electrolyte system. In post-treatment, the solvent is recovered through reduced pressure distillation, ethyl acetate extraction is combined with molecular distillation purification, the purity of the final product reaches 99.6%, and the yield exceeds 90%. Compared with a traditional method, the energy consumption is reduced by 30%, and the electrode cost is reduced by 60%. The obtained 1, 2-hexanediol can be used for preparing a high-performance fluorescent material: the 1, 2-hexanediol is coordinated with zinc nitrate, copper nitrate and platinum compounds to form fluorescent powder (the excitation wavelength is 260 nm, and the emission wavelength is 530 nm), or the 1, 2-hexanediol is prepared into fluorescent ink with the viscosity of 3000-5000 cps, the luminescence decay rate is smaller than 30% / month, and the toxicity is reduced by 97% compared with that of a traditional solvent. According to the method, efficient and environment-friendly industrial production is realized, and the method has important application value in the fields of anti-counterfeit printing and biological imaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic compound synthesis, and specifically to a synthesis method and application of 1,2 - hexanediol. Background Art

[0002] 1,2 - hexanediol is an important organic compound. As a diol, it has broad application prospects in the chemical industry. It plays a key role in fields such as polymers, surfactants, lubricants, and cosmetics, and is favored due to its good solubility, low toxicity, and moisturizing properties. For example, in the cosmetics industry, 1,2 - hexanediol is often used as a moisturizer and solvent, which can effectively improve the texture and stability of products; in the polymer field, it can participate in synthesis reactions as a monomer or additive. With the progress of technology and the growth of industrial demand, the market demand for 1,2 - hexanediol is increasing day by day. However, the existing synthesis methods still have many deficiencies in terms of efficiency, environmental friendliness, and cost. Therefore, the development of efficient, green, and economical synthesis technologies has become a current research hotspot.

[0003] At present, the synthesis methods of 1,2 - hexanediol mainly include the following: Hydration reaction of olefins. In this method, 1 - hexene or 2 - hexene reacts with water under the action of an acidic catalyst (such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid) to produce 1,2 - hexanediol. This method has a simple process, but it has significant disadvantages: low yield, poor selectivity, and the use of acidic catalysts can cause equipment corrosion and environmental pollution. In addition, a large amount of waste acid is generated during the reaction, increasing the post - treatment cost and environmental protection pressure, which limits its application in large - scale industrial production. Hydrolysis of epoxides. 1,2 - hexanediol can be prepared by the hydrolysis reaction of 1,2 - epoxyhexane. This method is usually carried out under high - temperature and high - pressure conditions and uses strong acids or strong bases as catalysts. Although the reaction principle is clear, the high - temperature and high - pressure conditions increase energy consumption and equipment requirements. At the same time, the use of catalysts brings problems of equipment corrosion and waste liquid treatment. In addition, the preparation process of epoxides themselves is relatively complex, further limiting the industrialization potential of this method. In recent years, the microbial fermentation method has received attention due to its green and environmental - friendly characteristics. Genetically engineered microorganisms are used to ferment and produce 1,2 - hexanediol using renewable resources (such as sugars). However, this technology is still in the laboratory research stage and faces problems such as low production efficiency, difficult product separation, and high costs. These technical bottlenecks make it difficult for the microbial fermentation method to achieve large - scale industrial application. The electrochemical synthesis method has attracted much attention because of its mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness. Through electrochemical reduction or oxidation reactions, diols can be synthesized at normal temperature and pressure. However, the electrochemical synthesis research on 1,2 - hexanediol is not sufficient, and there are problems such as difficult selection of electrode materials, insufficient optimization of electrolytes, and unclear reaction mechanisms. Nevertheless, the electrochemical method can improve the selectivity and yield of the reaction by precisely controlling the current or voltage, so it has great development potential.

[0004] In the above methods, the electrochemical synthesis method has attracted much attention due to its unique advantages. Compared with traditional methods, electrochemical reactions do not require high temperature and high pressure, reducing energy consumption and equipment costs. At the same time, by optimizing the reaction conditions, the generation of by-products can be effectively reduced. However, the current technology for the electrochemical synthesis of 1,2-hexanediol still faces the following challenges: The performance of the electrode material directly affects the efficiency and selectivity of the reaction. Traditional noble metal electrodes (such as platinum and gold) have high catalytic activity but are costly and not suitable for large-scale industrial applications. In recent years, researchers have tried to use transition metals (such as nickel and copper) or carbon-based materials (such as graphene and carbon nanotubes) as alternatives, but the activity and stability of these materials still need to be further improved. The choice of electrolyte has an important impact on the reaction process and product purity. Common electrolytes such as sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide may trigger side reactions, resulting in a decrease in product purity. Therefore, the development of a special electrolyte system suitable for the synthesis of 1,2-hexanediol has become one of the research focuses. Taking the electrochemical hydrolysis of 1,2-epoxyhexane as an example, its reaction mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Possible pathways include the ring-opening of the epoxy ring, the attack of hydroxide ions, and the adsorption and desorption on the electrode surface. In-depth study of these mechanisms helps to optimize the reaction conditions and improve the yield and selectivity.

[0005] In addition to the improvement of the synthesis method, the performance optimization of 1,2-hexanediol in downstream applications is also of great significance. Especially in the field of fluorescent materials, 1,2-hexanediol is used as a component of fluorescent powders or fluorescent inks due to its low toxicity and good solubility. Fluorescent materials have a wide range of applications in anti-counterfeiting technology, security printing, biological imaging, etc. However, the commonly used solvents or additives in existing fluorescent materials often have problems such as high toxicity and poor stability, limiting their applications in sensitive fields. For example, some organic solvents are prone to decomposition under long-term light irradiation, resulting in a decrease in fluorescent performance; while highly toxic components may pose potential threats to the environment and human health. In contrast, 1,2-hexanediol, as a low-toxic and environmentally friendly compound, can effectively replace traditional solvents and improve the stability and safety of fluorescent materials. For example, adding 1,2-hexanediol to fluorescent inks can not only improve the fluidity and adhesion of the inks but also enhance the dispersion of fluorescent dyes, thereby increasing the fluorescence intensity and durability. However, the current research on the application of 1,2-hexanediol in fluorescent materials is less, and its performance optimization and practical applications still need to be further explored. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The prior art has the following problems: Aiming at the deficiencies in the synthesis process of 1,2 - hexanediol in the prior art, through the innovation of the electrochemical synthesis path and the optimization of process parameters, the present invention systematically solves the following technical bottlenecks: Olefin hydration method: Low yield: The acidic catalytic system leads to the generation ratio of by - products reaching more than 30%, and the yield of the main product is generally lower than 60%. Equipment corrosion: Sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid catalysts cause the annual corrosion rate of the reactor to be > 0.5 mm / year, and the equipment replacement cycle is shortened by 40%. Environmental protection pressure: 3 - 5 tons of acid - containing wastewater is generated per ton of product, and the neutralization treatment cost accounts for 25% of the total production cost. Epoxide hydrolysis method: Excessive energy consumption: It is necessary to maintain a high temperature of 120 - 150 °C and a pressure of 0.8 - 1.2 MPa, and the energy consumption cost accounts for more than 40%. Raw material restriction: The preparation of 1,2 - epoxyhexane requires noble metal catalysts (such as Pt / Al2O3, etc.), and the raw material cost increases by 35%. Product purity: The purity is only 95 - 98% after conventional distillation, and secondary purification treatment is required. Microbial fermentation method: Efficiency bottleneck: The fermentation cycle is as long as 72 - 96 h, and the space - time yield < 0.5 g / (L·h). Difficult separation: The product concentration in the fermentation broth < 10 g / L, and the extraction energy consumption is 3 times higher than that of the chemical method. Strain degradation: The product yield decreases by 40% after continuous passage 5 times. Electrochemical synthesis method, electrode cost: The traditional Pt electrode accounts for 60% of the equipment investment, and the service life is only 200 - 300 cycles. Electrolyte defect: The sulfuric acid system causes a hydrogen evolution side reaction at the cathode, and the current efficiency < 65%. Mechanism unclear: It is difficult to selectively control the epoxy ring - opening path, and the isomer ratio > 15%. In addition, there are limitations in downstream application technologies: The LD50 of traditional DMF / NMP solvents < 5 g / kg, and the toxicity is reduced by 97% after being replaced by 1,2 - hexanediol. The agglomeration of fluorescent powders leads to a luminous efficiency decay > 30% / month, and the viscosity change rate of the conventional formula > 15% / week, affecting the printing suitability.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for synthesizing 1,2 - hexanediol, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix 1,2 - epoxyhexane (CAS No. 1436 - 34 - 6) and deionized water in a molar ratio of 1:(2 - 5), and add them to a tetrahydrofuran solvent to form a homogeneous solution, where the volume ratio of tetrahydrofuran is 60 - 75%; Step 2: Construct a magnesium - carbon composite electrode system: The anode material is a magnesium foil with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.5 mm, the cathode material is a porous carbon felt with a specific surface area ≥ 1200 m 2 / g, and the electrode spacing is 5 - 15 mm; Step 3: Configure the electrolysis system: The electrolyte is an aqueous lithium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.5 - 1.5 mol / L, the temperature of the electrolytic cell is set at 20 - 30 °C, and the current density is 8 - 12 mA / cm 2, the electrolysis time is 6 - 10 h; Step Four: Post - treatment process: The final product is obtained after vacuum distillation, ethyl acetate extraction, drying, rotary evaporation and distillation purification. The above reaction process is as follows:

[0009] .

[0010] Preferably, the post - treatment process in Step Four is as follows: (a) The electrolyte is subjected to vacuum distillation to recover tetrahydrofuran, and the condition parameters are as follows: 45 - 50 °C, - 0.09 MPa; (b) The residue is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the volume ratio between the residue and ethyl acetate is 1:1.5. After stratification, the organic phase is taken; (c) After the organic phase is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, a crude product is obtained by rotary evaporation, and the condition parameters of rotary evaporation are as follows: 60 °C, - 0.095 MPa; (d) The crude product is purified by molecular distillation, and the condition parameters are as follows: 140 - 150 °C, 1 - 3 Pa, to obtain the final product.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the porous carbon felt in Step Two is as follows: Select wood chips as the carbon source and potassium hydroxide as the activator. Mix the wood chips and potassium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1:4, add deionized water 5 - 8 times the mass of the wood chips, stir evenly to form a paste - like mixture, place the mixture in an oven at 80 - 100 °C and dry for 12 h to remove moisture and obtain a solid precursor; Put the precursor into a tube furnace, carry out carbonization treatment under nitrogen protection, raise the temperature to 600 - 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 - 8 °C / min, keep the temperature for 2 h, and naturally cool to room temperature; Wash the carbonized sample repeatedly with deionized water until the pH value is 7, and dry at 100 °C for 12 h to obtain a porous carbon material; Put the dried porous carbon material into a mold and press it into a felt - like structure under a pressure of 5 - 10 MPa, and dry the pressed sample at 100 °C for 2 h to obtain the final porous carbon felt.

[0012] 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method as described above is used in the preparation of fluorescent materials.

[0013] Preferably, the fluorescent material is fluorescent powder or fluorescent ink.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the fluorescent powder is as follows: 2-4 parts by mass of zinc nitrate, 0.6-0.8 parts by mass of copper nitrate and 0.8-1.2 parts by mass of platinum-containing compound are mixed, and then 30-60 parts by mass of 1,2-hexanediol solution is added and stirred evenly to obtain Solution 1; At the same time, 2-4 parts by mass of dimethylimidazole (CAS No. 1739-84-0) is added to 50-70 parts by mass of 1,2-hexanediol solution to obtain Solution 2; Solution 1 and Solution 2 are mixed, heated to 60 °C in a sealed space, continuously stirred for 4-8 h, after the stirring is completed, left to stand for 2 h, centrifuged at a centrifugal force of 10000×g for 20-30 min, the supernatant is discarded, 150-200 parts by weight of 1,2-hexanediol solution is added to resuspend the precipitate, and dried in an oven at 60 °C for 2.5 h to obtain the fluorescent powder.

[0015] Preferably, the platinum-containing compound is sodium chloroplatinate (CAS No. 16923-58-3) or platinum chloride (CAS No. 13965-91-8).

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the fluorescent ink is as follows: the fluorescent powder and 1,2-hexanediol are mixed in a high-speed disperser according to a mass ratio of 1:(10-20), wherein the rotation speed is 2000-3000 rpm and the time is 30-40 min. After adding the resin binder, dispersant and defoamer, it is treated in a vacuum degassing machine for 1 h, wherein the treatment parameters are -0.08 MPa and 40 °C, sealed and left to stand for 24 h, and the final viscosity is controlled at 3000-5000 cps to obtain the fluorescent ink.

[0017] Preferably, the resin binder is acrylic resin (CAS No. 80-62-6) or epoxy resin (CAS No. 1675-54-3), the dispersant is siloxane (CAS No. 63148-62-9), and the defoamer is mineral oil (CAS No. 8042-47-5) or polyether (CAS No. 9003-11-6); the dosages of the resin binder, the dispersant and the defoamer are 0.2 times, 0.3 times and 0.5 times that of the fluorescent powder respectively.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] (1) High-efficiency and low-cost synthesis method: The present invention adopts a magnesium-carbon composite electrode system, combined with lithium chloride electrolyte, to achieve the high-efficiency synthesis of 1,2-hexanediol under mild conditions (20-30 °C, atmospheric pressure), with a yield exceeding 90% and a purity as high as 99.6%, far exceeding the yield (<60%) and purity (95-98%) of traditional methods. Using low-cost magnesium foil and porous carbon felt to replace noble metal electrodes significantly reduces the production cost; at the same time, the electrochemical reaction avoids high temperature and high pressure, and the energy consumption is reduced by more than 30% compared with traditional methods.

[0020] (2)Environmental protection and sustainable development: This method does not require an acidic catalyst, reducing equipment corrosion and wastewater treatment pressure, which is in line with the development trend of green chemistry. The porous carbon felt is prepared from renewable wood chips and has a high specific surface area (≥1200 m 2 / g). The raw materials are widely sourced and environmentally friendly. In the post-treatment, the recovery rate of THF solvent reaches 98.7%, achieving efficient recycling of resources.

[0021] (3)Optimized post-treatment process: Through steps such as vacuum distillation, extraction, drying, and molecular distillation, the product is efficiently purified. The operation is simple, the purity can reach 99.6%, meeting the high-purity requirements, and it is easy to implement industrially.

[0022] (4)High-performance applications of fluorescent materials: 1,2-Hexanediol, as a low-toxicity solvent and component, has a 97% lower toxicity compared to traditional solvents (such as DMF), significantly improving the safety of fluorescent powders and inks. Its luminescence decay rate is controlled at <30% / month, ensuring long-term stability. This invention improves the dispersibility and adhesion of fluorescent dyes, enhances the fluorescence intensity and durability, and is applicable to fields such as anti-counterfeiting, security printing, and bioimaging.

[0023] (5)Industrialization potential: The electrochemical synthesis conditions are mild, the equipment requirements are low, and the reaction time is short (6 - 10h), greatly improving the production efficiency compared to traditional methods (such as microbial fermentation method, 72 - 96h), and it is easy to scale up production. The preparation process of the fluorescent material is simple, and the viscosity is controllable (3000 - 5000 cps), meeting the requirements of industrial applications and having significant market competitiveness.

[0024] This invention has achieved a breakthrough in the synthesis technology of 1,2-hexanediol, significantly improving the yield, purity, and production efficiency, while reducing costs and environmental burdens. Its application in fluorescent materials further expands the downstream value chain, providing high-performance and low-toxicity solutions, and having significant economic and environmental benefits and broad market prospects. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is the energy spectrum of the elements of the fluorescent powder prepared in Example 2.

[0026] Figure 2 is the sample diagram of the fluorescent ink prepared in Example 3.

[0027] Figure 3 is the fluorescence effect diagram of the fluorescent ink prepared in Example 3. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0028] For the embodiments of the present invention, parts by weight or parts by mass can be equivalently replaced with kilograms (Kg) or grams (g), and can be scaled up or down in the same proportion, with little impact on the experimental results.

[0029] For the synthesis method of 1,2 - hexanediol, the following Example 1 is designed: Electrochemical synthesis of 1,2 - hexanediol, raw materials and equipment: Reactants: 1,2 - epoxyhexane: 246 g (purity ≥ 99%), deionized water: 216 g (conductivity ≤ 0.1 μS / cm), tetrahydrofuran (THF): 1200 mL (water content ≤ 0.02%); Electrode system: Magnesium foil anode: thickness 0.3 mm, size 10×10 cm, porous carbon felt cathode: specific surface area 1280 m 2 / g, and the preparation method of the porous carbon felt is as follows: Select wood chips as the carbon source and potassium hydroxide as the activator. Mix the wood chips and potassium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1:4, add deionized water 7 times the mass of the wood chips, stir evenly to form a paste - like mixture, place the mixture in an oven at 90 °C for 12 h to remove moisture and obtain a solid precursor; Put the precursor into a tubular furnace, carry out carbonization treatment under nitrogen protection, heat up to 700 °C at a heating rate of 7 °C / min, keep warm for 2 h, and cool naturally to room temperature; Wash the carbonized sample repeatedly with deionized water until the pH value is 7, dry at 100 °C for 12 h to obtain a porous carbon material; Load the dried porous carbon material into a mold, press it into a felt - like structure under a pressure of 8 MPa, and dry the pressed sample at 100 °C for 2 h to obtain the final porous carbon felt. Electrolyte: 1.2 mol / L lithium chloride aqueous solution (LiCl content ≥ 99.9%). Reaction device: H - type electrolytic cell (electrode spacing 10 mm), equipped with a constant - temperature circulating water bath. Experimental steps: Step 1: Preparation of homogeneous solution. Mix 1,2 - epoxyhexane and deionized water in a molar ratio of 1:3, add tetrahydrofuran solvent (volume ratio 70%), and mechanically stir (500 rpm) for 30 min until the system is transparent. Step 2: Electrode activation treatment. Pretreatment of magnesium foil with a thickness of 0.4 mm: soak in 0.1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid for 30 s → rinse with deionized water → ultrasonic cleaning with absolute ethanol for 10 min, activation of porous carbon felt: soak in 0.5 mol / L HNO3 for 2 h → purge with nitrogen and dry. Step 3: Electrochemical hydrolysis, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0030] Table 1

[0031]

[0032] The real-time monitored pH value is maintained in the range of 6.8 - 7.2, and deionized water is supplemented by a peristaltic pump (flow rate 2 mL / min). Step 4: Post-treatment and purification: Recover THF by vacuum distillation, conditions: 50 °C / -0.09 MPa, THF recovery rate 98.7%, extract with ethyl acetate, extract three times according to residue: ethyl acetate = 1:1.5 (v / v), and combine the organic phases (K = 3.25); dry and concentrate, desiccant: anhydrous sodium sulfate (dosage 5% w / v), rotary evaporation: 60 °C / -0.095 MPa, concentrate to 1 / 10 of the original volume, and purify by molecular distillation, parameters: 145 °C / 2 Pa, and the purity of the collected fraction is 99.6%.

[0033] As shown in Table 2, the parameters of the prepared 1,2-hexanediol meet the subsequent requirements. For 1,2-hexanediol prepared by processes with other parameter values, its performance parameters basically reach over 90%.

[0034] Table 2

[0035]

[0036] Regarding the application of the prepared 1,2-hexanediol in the preparation of fluorescent materials, as shown in Example 2: Prepare fluorescent powder, mix 3 g of zinc nitrate, 0.7 g of copper nitrate and 1 g of sodium chloroplatinate, then add 50 g of 1,2-hexanediol solution, stir and mix evenly to obtain Solution 1; at the same time, add 3 g of dimethylimidazole to 60 g of 1,2-hexanediol solution to obtain Solution 2; mix Solution 1 and Solution 2, heat up to 60 °C in a sealed space, continuously stir for 6 h, after the stirring ends, let it stand for 2 h, centrifuge at a centrifugal force of 10000×g for 25 min, discard the supernatant, add 180 g of 1,2-hexanediol solution to resuspend the precipitate, and place it in an oven at 60 °C to dry for 2.5 h to obtain fluorescent powder, and its energy spectrum diagram of elements (Zn, Cu and Pt) is as Figure 1 shown.

[0037] Regarding the prepared fluorescent ink, as shown in Example 3. The preparation method of the fluorescent ink is as follows: Mix the fluorescent powder and 1,2-hexanediol in a high-speed disperser according to a mass ratio of 1:15, with a rotation speed of 3000 rpm and a time of 35 min. After adding the resin binder, dispersant and defoamer, treat it in a vacuum degassing machine for 1 h, with the treatment parameters of -0.08 MPa and 40 °C, seal and let it stand for 24 h, and finally control the viscosity at 4000 cps to obtain the fluorescent ink. The resin binder is acrylic resin, the dispersant is dimethyl silicone oil, and the defoamer is liquid paraffin; the dosages of the resin binder, the dispersant and the defoamer are 0.2 times, 0.3 times and 0.5 times of the fluorescent powder respectively. After testing, the prepared fluorescent ink is as Figure 2 shown, and at the same time, the fluorescence effect diagram is asFigure 3 as shown, where the excitation wavelength is 260 nm and the emission wavelength is 530 nm.

[0038] The above describes the preferred embodiments of this patent in detail. However, this patent is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the gist of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for synthesizing 1,2 - hexanediol, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix 1,2-epoxyhexane and deionized water at a molar ratio of 1:(2-5), and add them into a tetrahydrofuran solvent to form a homogeneous solution, where the volume percentage of tetrahydrofuran is 60-75%; Step 2: Construct a magnesium-carbon composite electrode system: Select magnesium foil with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm as the anode material, and select porous carbon felt with a specific surface area ≥ 1200 m 2 / g as the cathode material, and the electrode spacing is 5-15 mm; Step 3: Configure the electrolysis system: Select an aqueous lithium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol / L as the electrolyte, set the temperature of the electrolytic cell at 20-30 °C, and the current density is 8-12 mA / cm 2 , and the electrolysis time is 6-10 h; Step 4: Post-treatment process: The final product is obtained after vacuum distillation, ethyl acetate extraction, drying, rotary evaporation and distillation purification.

2. The synthesis method of 1,2-hexanediol according to claim 1, wherein The post-treatment process in Step 4 is as follows: (a) The electrolyte is subjected to vacuum distillation to recover tetrahydrofuran, and the condition parameters are as follows: 45 - 50 °C, -0.09 MPa; (b) The residue is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the volume ratio between the residue and ethyl acetate is 1:1.

5. After layering, the organic phase is taken; (c) After the organic phase is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, rotary evaporation is carried out to obtain the crude product, and the condition parameters of rotary evaporation are as follows: 60 °C, -0.095 MPa; (d) The crude product is purified by molecular distillation, and the condition parameters are as follows: 140 - 150 °C, 1 - 3 Pa, to obtain the final product.

3. The synthesis method of 1,2 - hexanediol according to claim 1, wherein, The preparation method of the porous carbon felt in Step 2 is as follows: Select wood chips as the carbon source and potassium hydroxide as the activator. Mix the wood chips and potassium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1:4, add deionized water 5 - 8 times the mass of the wood chips, stir evenly to form a paste-like mixture, place the mixture in an oven at 80 - 100 °C and dry for 12 h to remove moisture and obtain a solid precursor; put the precursor into a tube furnace, carry out carbonization treatment under nitrogen protection, raise the temperature to 600 - 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 - 8 °C / min, keep the temperature for 2 h, and naturally cool to room temperature; wash the carbonized sample repeatedly with deionized water until the pH value is 7, and dry at 100 °C for 12 h to obtain a porous carbon material; put the dried porous carbon material into a mold, press it into a felt-like structure under a pressure of 5 - 10 MPa, and dry the pressed sample at 100 °C for 2 h to obtain the final porous carbon felt.

4. The application of 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method according to claims 1 - 3 in the preparation of a fluorescent material.

5. Use of 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method according to claim 4 in the preparation of fluorescent materials, characterized in that: The fluorescent material is fluorescent powder or fluorescent ink.

6. Use of 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method according to claim 5 in the preparation of fluorescent materials, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fluorescent powder is as follows: Mix 2 - 4 parts by mass of zinc nitrate, 0.6 - 0.8 parts by mass of copper nitrate and 0.8 - 1.2 parts by mass of a platinum-containing compound, then add 30 - 60 parts by mass of a 1,2 - hexanediol solution, stir and mix evenly to obtain Solution 1; at the same time, add 2 - 4 parts by mass of dimethylimidazole to 50 - 70 parts by mass of a 1,2 - hexanediol solution to obtain Solution 2; mix Solution 1 and Solution 2, raise the temperature to 60 °C in a sealed space, continuously stir for 4 - 8 h, after the stirring ends, let it stand for 2 h, centrifuge at a centrifugal force of 10000×g for 20 - 30 min, discard the supernatant, add 150 - 200 parts by weight of a 1,2 - hexanediol solution to resuspend the precipitate, and place it in an oven at 60 °C and dry for 2.5 h to obtain the fluorescent powder.

7. Use of 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method according to claim 6 in the preparation of a fluorescent material, characterized in that: The platinum-containing compound is sodium chloroplatinate or platinum chloride.

8. Use of 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method according to claim 7 in the preparation of fluorescent materials, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fluorescent ink is as follows: Mix the fluorescent powder and 1,2 - hexanediol in a mass ratio of 1:(10 - 20) in a high-speed disperser, with a rotation speed of 2000 - 3000 rpm and a time of 30 - 40 min. After adding a resin binder, a dispersant and an antifoaming agent, carry out treatment in a vacuum degassing machine for 1 h, and the treatment parameters are -0.08 MPa and 40 °C. Seal and let it stand for 24 h, and finally control the viscosity at 3000 - 5000 cps to obtain the fluorescent ink.

9. Use of 1,2 - hexanediol prepared by the synthesis method according to claim 8 in the preparation of a fluorescent material, characterized in that: The resin binder described above is acrylic resin or epoxy resin, the dispersant is silicone-based, and the defoamer is mineral oil-based or polyether-based; the dosages of the resin binder, the dispersant, and the defoamer are 0.2 times, 0.3 times, and 0.5 times that of the fluorescent powder respectively.

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