Low-carbon assembly type prefabricated stair based on bamboo wood and production method and application of low-carbon assembly type prefabricated stair

Abstract

The invention discloses a bamboo-based low-carbon assembly type prefabricated stair and a production method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of prefabricated stairs, the prefabricated stair comprises a stair supporting body and steps, the steps are fixedly arranged on the stair supporting body, and the steps are of a step-shaped structure formed by pouring concrete; the stair supporting body comprises a stair flight plate and sliding ends at the two ends of the stair flight plate, the stair flight plate comprises a connecting and fixing mechanism and a first concrete protection layer poured on the outer side of the connecting and fixing mechanism, and each sliding end comprises an edge stirrup, an edge reinforcing mechanism and a second concrete protection layer poured on the outer side of the edge stirrup and the outer side of the edge reinforcing mechanism. And the stair flight plate is connected with the sliding end through a connecting and fixing mechanism. According to the low-carbon assembly type prefabricated stair based on the bamboo wood and the production method and application of the low-carbon assembly type prefabricated stair based on the bamboo wood, the reliability and deformation resistance of connecting joints are improved, the light weight, high strength and good toughness of the bamboo wood are fully exerted, the dead weight of the stair is effectively reduced, and the structural stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precast stairs, and in particular to a low-carbon assembled precast bamboo-based stair and its production method and application. Background Art

[0002] A precast stair is a building component that is directly delivered to the construction site for assembly after being integrally produced in a factory. Compared with traditional cast-in-place stairs, this technology not only avoids complex processes such as on-site formwork support and pouring, but also breaks through the limitation of a single concrete material, significantly saving labor costs and optimizing project costs through an industrialized production mode. At the same time, the modular installation feature enables the construction period to be compressed, effectively improving the efficiency of project construction.

[0003] Under the background of the deepening of the concept of green buildings, the demand for new building materials with both ecological friendliness and construction convenience is becoming increasingly prominent. Bamboo, with its renewable nature, high strength-to-mass ratio, and fast growth characteristics, has become an important direction in modern building research. However, existing bamboo-structured stairs have technical bottlenecks such as insufficient reliability of connection nodes and weak anti-deformation ability, which restrict their large-scale application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-carbon assembled precast bamboo-based stair and its production method and application. By setting an edge reinforcement mechanism and a connection and fixation mechanism, the reliability of the connection node and the anti-deformation ability are improved. Using bamboo as the main raw material, the light weight, high strength, and good toughness of bamboo are fully utilized, effectively reducing the self-weight of the stair and improving the stability of the structure.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a low-carbon assembled precast bamboo-based stair, including a stair support and steps. The steps are fixedly arranged on the stair support, and the steps are a stepped structure formed by concrete pouring. The stair support includes a flight slab and sliding ends at both ends of the flight slab. The flight slab includes a connection and fixation mechanism and a first concrete protective layer poured outside the connection and fixation mechanism. The sliding end includes edge stirrups, an edge reinforcement mechanism, and a second concrete protective layer poured outside the edge stirrups and the edge reinforcement mechanism. The flight slab and the sliding ends are connected by the connection and fixation mechanism, and a lifting point reinforcement is provided between the flight slab and the steps.

[0006] Preferably, the edge reinforcement mechanism includes edge longitudinal steel bars, longitudinally wound bamboo fiber line bamboo bars, and hole-reinforced bamboo bars. The edge longitudinal steel bars are symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the sliding end. A longitudinally wound bamboo fiber line bamboo bar is provided in the middle of the edge longitudinal steel bars. The hole-reinforced bamboo bars are symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the sliding end. The hole-reinforced bamboo bars are U-shaped, and the hole-reinforced bamboo bars are tied and connected to both the edge longitudinal steel bars and the longitudinally wound bamboo fiber line bamboo bars.

[0007] Preferably, the edge stirrups include a dense zone and a non-dense zone arranged along the length direction of the sliding end. The non-dense zone is located in the middle of the sliding end, and the dense zones are located at both ends of the sliding end. The spacing of the non-dense zone is 145 - 155 mm, and the spacing of the dense zones is 90 - 110 mm. The edge stirrups are all tied and connected to the edge longitudinal reinforcement, longitudinal bamboo fiber wire-wound bamboo bars.

[0008] Preferably, the spacing between the longitudinal bamboo fiber wire-wound bamboo bar and the adjacent edge longitudinal reinforcement is 130 - 150 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the connection and fixing mechanism includes longitudinal bamboo bars, longitudinal reinforcements, upper edge reinforcement bars, lower edge reinforcement bars, upper distributed bamboo bars, and lower distributed bamboo bars. The longitudinal bamboo bars are arranged in the middle of the stair slab, the longitudinal reinforcements are arranged at both ends of the stair slab, the upper distributed bamboo bars and the lower distributed bamboo bars are arranged inside the longitudinal bamboo bars and the longitudinal reinforcements in the vertical direction, and the upper edge reinforcement bars and the lower edge reinforcement bars are arranged inside the upper distributed bamboo bars and the lower distributed bamboo bars in the vertical direction; Both the lower ends of the longitudinal bamboo bars and the longitudinal reinforcements are provided with a first bend at the bottom sliding end. Both the upper and lower ends of the upper edge reinforcement bars are provided with a second bend at the sliding end. The lower end of the lower edge reinforcement bar is provided with a second bend at the sliding end. The angles of the first bend and the second bend are greater than 90°.

[0010] Preferably, the longitudinal bamboo bars are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sliding end. The spacing between the longitudinal bamboo bars is 190 - 210 mm, and the spacing between the longitudinal reinforcement and the adjacent longitudinal bamboo bar is 140 - 160 mm. The longitudinal bamboo bars and the longitudinal reinforcements are all tied and connected to the longitudinal bamboo fiber wire-wound bamboo bars and the edge longitudinal reinforcements.

[0011] Preferably, both the upper distributed bamboo bars and the lower distributed bamboo bars are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the stair slab and are perpendicular to the side surface of the stair slab. Their lengths are the same as the width of the stair slab, and both ends have a third bend. The upper distributed bamboo bars and the lower distributed bamboo bars are all tied and connected to the longitudinal bamboo bars and the longitudinal reinforcements.

[0012] Preferably, both the upper edge reinforcement bars and the lower edge reinforcement bars are tied and connected to the upper distributed bamboo bars, the lower distributed bamboo bars, the edge longitudinal reinforcements, the longitudinal bamboo fiber wire-wound bamboo bars, and the longitudinal reinforcements.

[0013] Preferably, a stair handrail is provided on the step. The stair handrail includes vertical small bamboo tubes for the handrail, horizontal large bamboo tubes for the handrail, dense horizontal bamboo tubes, and dense vertical bamboo tubes. The vertical small bamboo tubes for the handrail match the reserved hole holes of the circular small bamboo tubes for the handrail on the step. The vertical small bamboo tubes for the handrail are arranged at intervals on the step. The top of the vertical small bamboo tubes for the handrail is fixedly connected to the horizontal large bamboo tubes for the handrail. The middle and bottom of the vertical small bamboo tubes for the handrail are both fixedly connected to the dense horizontal bamboo tubes. The dense horizontal bamboo tubes on both sides are both fixedly connected to the dense vertical bamboo tubes.

[0014] Preferably, hoisting reserved bamboo tubes are provided at the middle positions at both ends of the treads. The hoisting reserved bamboo tubes are tied and connected to the longitudinal bamboo bars, upper distributed bamboo bars, and lower distributed bamboo bars; hollow bamboo tubes are provided inside the treads where no hoisting reserved bamboo tubes are set, and the length of the hollow bamboo tubes is the same as the width of the stair slab.

[0015] Preferably, a longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tube is provided at the bottom of the stair slab, and reserved rectangular installation holes are provided on both sides of the sliding end.

[0016] Preferably, the thicknesses of both the concrete protective layer one and the concrete protective layer two are 15 - 25 mm.

[0017] The present invention provides a production method of a low - carbon prefabricated bamboo - based assembled staircase, including the following steps: S1. Purchase bamboo bars, bamboo tubes, and steel bars; S2. Process the bamboo bars, bamboo tubes, and steel bars respectively to obtain hoisting reserved bamboo tubes, longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tubes, hollow bamboo tubes, longitudinally bamboo - fiber - wound bamboo bars, edge stirrups, longitudinal bamboo bars, upper distributed bamboo bars, lower distributed bamboo bars, hoisting point reinforcement bars, edge longitudinal steel bars, longitudinal steel bars, upper edge reinforcement bars, lower edge reinforcement bars, vertical small bamboo tubes for handrails, horizontal large bamboo tubes for handrails, encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes, and encrypted vertical bamboo tubes; S3. Tie the longitudinal bamboo bars, longitudinal steel bars, upper edge reinforcement bars, lower edge reinforcement bars, upper distributed bamboo bars, lower distributed bamboo bars, edge longitudinal steel bars, longitudinally bamboo - fiber - wound bamboo bars, and edge stirrups to form a staircase skeleton one; S4. Horizontally place the staircase casting form according to the prefabricated staircase to be prepared, apply a release agent to the inner wall of the staircase casting, apply a release agent to the inner wall of the staircase casting form, place small bamboo boards with a thickness equal to the thickness of the concrete protective layer one on the bottom plate of the staircase casting form, place the staircase skeleton one into the staircase casting form, and fix the position; S5. Tie the hoisting reserved bamboo tubes, longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tubes, and hole - strengthening bamboo bars to the staircase skeleton one, and tie the hoisting point reinforcement bars to the longitudinal bamboo bars and longitudinal steel bars together; S6. Reserve the space for the circular small bamboo tube reserved holes for handrails and the reserved rectangular installation holes, and fix the hollow bamboo tubes at the corresponding positions to obtain a staircase skeleton two; S7. Pour the concrete into the staircase casting form, cure it, remove the form after the concrete compressive strength reaches 75% of the designed strength standard value, and continue to cure until the designed strength; S8. Assemble the vertical small bamboo tubes for handrails, horizontal large bamboo tubes for handrails, encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes, and encrypted vertical bamboo tubes to obtain a staircase handrail, and embed the lower end of the vertical small bamboo tubes for handrails in the circular small bamboo tube reserved holes for handrails to obtain the low - carbon prefabricated bamboo - based assembled staircase.

[0018] The present invention provides an application of a low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase. Applying the above-mentioned low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase to the installation of prefabricated precast staircases includes the following steps: First step, clean and level the ground; Second step, pass the lifting rope through the reserved bamboo tubes for hoisting, and use a crane to lift the low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase; Third step, place the low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase at the predetermined position, pass the bolt rod through the reserved rectangular installation holes, and set flexible damping materials at the gaps between the upper and lower ends of the low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase and the reserved rectangular installation holes; Fourth step, use the reserved bamboo tubes for longitudinal wiring pipes to lay electrical pipelines, and fill foam glue in the gaps of the electrical pipelines; Fifth step, fill the reserved holes in the small bamboo tubes for circular handrails with adhesive; Sixth step, decorate the low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase.

[0019] Therefore, by adopting the above-mentioned low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase and its production method and application, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By setting the edge reinforcement mechanism and the connection and fixing mechanism, the reliability of the connection nodes and the anti-deformation ability are improved, and the strength and stability of the staircase support body are enhanced; (2) Using bamboo as the main raw material, the light weight, high strength and good toughness of bamboo are fully utilized, effectively reducing the self-weight of the staircase and improving the structural stability; (3) Designing the reserved bamboo tubes for longitudinal wiring pipes to arrange electrical pipelines makes maintenance and upgrading more convenient; (4) Considering the sustainable use of materials, reducing carbon emissions during the construction process, meeting the requirements of modern architecture for environmental protection and energy conservation, and having significant economic and social benefits.

[0020] The following further describes the technical solutions of the present invention in detail through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase and its production method and application of the present invention; Figure 2 is the sectional view at A of Embodiment 1 of a low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase and its production method and application of the present invention; Figure 3 is the sectional view at B of Embodiment 1 of a low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based precast staircase and its production method and application of the present invention; Figure 4It is a perspective view of a stair support body of a low-carbon assembled prefabricated staircase based on bamboo and a production method thereof and application embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding end structure of a low-carbon prefabricated staircase based on bamboo and a production method and application embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view at point C of a low-carbon assembled prefabricated staircase based on bamboo, a production method thereof, and an application embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals 1. Steps; 2. Stair slabs; 3. Small reserved holes for round handrail bamboo tubes; 4. Reserved rectangular installation holes; 5. Reserved bamboo tubes for hoisting; 6. Hollow bamboo tubes; 7. Edge longitudinal reinforcement; 8. Longitudinal bamboo fiber line wrapped around bamboo reinforcement; 9. Edge stirrups; 10. Longitudinal bamboo reinforcement; 11. Longitudinal reinforcement; 12. Upper distribution bamboo reinforcement; 13. Lower distribution bamboo reinforcement; 14. Suspension point reinforcement; 15. Sliding end; 16. Small vertical bamboo tubes for handrails; 17. Large horizontal bamboo tubes for handrails; 18. Encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes; 19. Encrypted vertical bamboo tubes; 20. Stair handrails; 21. Reserved bamboo tubes for longitudinal wiring pipes; 22. Hole reinforcement bamboo reinforcement; 23. Upper edge reinforcement; 24. Lower edge reinforcement; 25. Stair support; 26. Concrete protective layer one; 27. Concrete protective layer two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] Embodiment 1 like Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, a low-carbon prefabricated bamboo-based assembled staircase includes a staircase support body 25 and steps 1. The staircase support body 25 serves as the main load-bearing structure of the entire prefabricated staircase, and steps 1 are fixedly arranged thereon. The steps 1 are in the shape of steps formed by concrete pouring, facilitating people to go up and down the stairs safely and comfortably.

[0026] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, the staircase support body 25 includes a flight slab 2 and sliding ends 15 at both ends of the flight slab 2. The flight slab 2 includes a connection and fixing mechanism and a first concrete protective layer 26 poured on the outside of the connection and fixing mechanism. It is the main horizontal load-bearing member of the staircase, bearing the load transmitted by the steps 1 and distributing it to the sliding ends 15 at both ends of the staircase. At the same time, it also provides a foundation for the installation and fixing of the steps 1. The flight slab 2 and the sliding ends 15 are connected through a connection and fixing mechanism. The sliding ends 15 are located at both ends of the flight slab 2 and include edge stirrups 9, an edge strengthening mechanism, and a second concrete protective layer 27 poured on the outside of the edge stirrups 9 and the edge strengthening mechanism. The structural setting of the sliding ends 15 allows the staircase to slide and deform within a certain range, thereby reducing stress concentration inside the staircase structure and improving the stability and safety of the staircase. Among them, the thickness of both the first concrete protective layer 26 and the second concrete protective layer 27 is 25 mm.

[0027] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the edge strengthening mechanism includes edge longitudinal steel bars 7, longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo bars 8, and hole-strengthening bamboo bars 22. The diameter of the edge longitudinal steel bars 7 is 12 mm, and its length is the same as the width of the sliding end 15. It is symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the sliding end 15, bearing the tension and pressure generated by the sliding end 15 under the action of the load and improving the flexural strength of the sliding end 15. There is a longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo bar 8 in the middle of the edge longitudinal steel bars 7, and the spacing between the longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo bar 8 and the adjacent edge longitudinal steel bar 7 is 150 mm. The length of the longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo bar 8 is the same as the width of the sliding end 15, its width is 30 mm, and its thickness is 9 mm. It replaces the steel bars, reduces the use of steel bars, reduces the self-weight of the staircase support body 25, and at the same time utilizes the high strength and toughness of bamboo fibers to improve the overall performance of the staircase support body 25. The hole-strengthening bamboo bar is U-shaped, with a length of 280 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 8 mm. It is symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the sliding end 15 and is tied and connected to both the edge longitudinal steel bars 7 and the longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo bars 8, further enhancing the strength and anti-deformation ability of the sliding end 15 and preventing stress concentration and cracks from occurring at these positions.

[0028] The edge stirrup 9 includes a dense area and a non-dense area arranged along the length direction of the sliding end 15. The non-dense area is located in the middle of the sliding end 15, and the dense areas are located at both ends of the sliding end 15. The spacing of the non-dense area is 145 mm, and the spacing of the dense area is 110 mm. Its function is to restrain the lateral deformation of the concrete, improve the compressive strength and ductility of the concrete, enhance the shear resistance of the sliding end 15, and prevent the sliding end 15 from undergoing shear failure under the action of the load. The edge stirrup 9 is tied and connected to the edge longitudinal reinforcement 7 and the longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo reinforcement 8 to improve the overall stability of the sliding end 15.

[0029] A reserved rectangular installation hole 4 is provided on the sliding end 15 for connecting and fixing with other structures of the building. The precast staircase is reliably connected to the main structure of the building through connecting parts such as bolts and embedded parts to ensure the stability and safety of the staircase during use.

[0030] As Figure 6 shown, the connecting and fixing mechanism includes longitudinal bamboo reinforcements 10, longitudinal reinforcements 11, upper edge reinforcement bars 23, lower edge reinforcement bars 24, upper distributed bamboo reinforcements 12, and lower distributed bamboo reinforcements 13, which further improve the strength and reliability of the connection part between the stair slab 2 and the sliding end 15 to ensure the effective transfer of the load.

[0031] The width of the longitudinal bamboo reinforcement 10 is 30 mm, and the thickness is 10 mm. It is arranged in the middle of the stair slab 2 and is spaced at intervals along the length direction of the sliding end 15, with a spacing of 200 mm. Using bamboo instead of steel bars reduces the self-weight of the staircase support 25.

[0032] Longitudinal reinforcements 11 are provided at both ends of the longitudinal bamboo reinforcement 10. The longitudinal reinforcements 11 are located at the edges of both ends of the stair slab 2. The diameter of the longitudinal reinforcements 11 is 12 mm, and the spacing between the longitudinal reinforcements 11 and the adjacent longitudinal bamboo reinforcement 10 is 150 mm, enhancing the overall strength and load-bearing capacity of the stair slab 2. First bends are provided at the lower ends of the longitudinal bamboo reinforcement 10 and the longitudinal reinforcements 11 at the bottom sliding end 15, and the first bend angle is 100° to ensure the anchorage length. The longitudinal bamboo reinforcement 10 and the longitudinal reinforcements 11 are both tied and connected to the longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo reinforcement 8 and the edge longitudinal reinforcement 7 to further improve the strength and reliability of the connection part between the stair slab 2 and the sliding end 15.

[0033] The upper distributed bamboo bars 12 and the lower distributed bamboo bars 13 are arranged inside the longitudinal bamboo bars 10 and the longitudinal steel bars 11 in the vertical direction, and the spacing between them and the longitudinal bamboo bars 10 and the longitudinal steel bars 11 is 230 mm. The upper distributed bamboo bars 12 and the lower distributed bamboo bars 13 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the stair slab 2 and are both perpendicular to the side surface of the stair slab 2. Their lengths are the same as the width of the stair slab 2, their widths are 30 mm, and their thicknesses are 8 mm. Both ends of them have a third bend, the third bend angle is 90°, and the third bend length is 80 mm, which plays a role in distributing the load and preventing cracks from appearing in the stair slab 2. The upper distributed bamboo bars 12 and the lower distributed bamboo bars 13 are both tied and connected to the longitudinal bamboo bars 10 and the longitudinal steel bars 11, and also enhance the integrity of the stair slab 2 and the sliding end 15 in the horizontal direction.

[0034] The upper edge reinforcement bars 23 and the lower edge reinforcement bars 24 are arranged inside the upper distributed bamboo bars 12 and the lower distributed bamboo bars 13 in the vertical direction. Both the upper and lower ends of the upper edge reinforcement bars 23 are provided with a second bend at the sliding end 15, and the lower end of the lower edge reinforcement bars 24 is provided with a second bend at the sliding end 15. The second bend angle is 100°. The upper edge reinforcement bars 23 and the lower edge reinforcement bars 24 are both tied and connected to the upper distributed bamboo bars 12, the lower distributed bamboo bars 13, the edge longitudinal steel bars 7, the longitudinal bamboo fiber-wound bamboo bars 8, and the longitudinal steel bars 11, further improving the strength and reliability of the connection part between the stair slab 2 and the sliding end 15 and ensuring that the load can be effectively transmitted.

[0035] A longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tube 21 is provided at the bottom of the stair slab 2. The diameter of the longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tube 21 is 3 cm, which provides a channel for the laying of lines such as stair lighting and monitoring, enabling the lines to be arranged neatly and concealedly without affecting the beauty and use of the stairs, and at the same time facilitating the maintenance and repair of the lines.

[0036] A lifting point reinforcement bar 14 is provided between the stair slab 2 and the step 1, which is used to strengthen the structural strength of the stairs during the lifting process and ensure that the stairs will not be damaged due to uneven stress during the lifting and transportation processes.

[0037] The step 1 is provided with a stair handrail 20, which includes a handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16, a handrail horizontal large bamboo tube 17, a dense horizontal bamboo tube 18, and a dense vertical bamboo tube 19. The handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16 has a diameter of 6 cm and a length of 120 cm, which matches the reserved holes 3 of the circular handrail small bamboo tube on the step 1. The handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16 is arranged at intervals on the step 1 to support the handrail horizontal large bamboo tube 17, and also provides a support point for people to grasp when going up and down stairs, ensuring walking safety. The top of the handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16 is fixedly connected to the handrail horizontal large bamboo tube 17, and the handrail horizontal large bamboo tube 17 has a diameter of 11 cm. It is provided with a plurality of reserved holes with the same size as the diameter of the handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16, which is convenient for assembly with the handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16. The middle and bottom of the handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16 are fixedly connected to the encrypted horizontal bamboo tube 18, and the handrail vertical small bamboo tube 16 is provided with a plurality of reserved holes of the same size as the diameter of the encrypted horizontal bamboo tube 18. The diameter of the encrypted horizontal bamboo tube 18 is 5 cm, the spacing between the lower encrypted horizontal bamboo tube 18 and the handrail horizontal large bamboo tube 17 is 10 cm, and the upper encrypted horizontal bamboo tube 18 is 10 cm away from the upper surface of the step 1. The encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes 18 on both sides are fixedly connected to the encrypted vertical bamboo tubes 19, and the encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes 18 are provided with a plurality of reserved holes of the same size as the diameter of the encrypted vertical bamboo tubes 19, and the diameter of the encrypted vertical bamboo tubes 19 is 3 cm, and the spacing is 10 cm.

[0038] A bamboo tube 5 reserved for hoisting is provided in the middle of both ends of the step 1. The diameter of the bamboo tube 5 reserved for hoisting is 30mm, and it is 200mm away from the edge of the stair section plate 2. The bamboo tube 5 reserved for hoisting is tied and connected with the longitudinal bamboo reinforcement 10, the upper distribution bamboo reinforcement 12, and the lower distribution bamboo reinforcement 13. During the installation of the stairs, it serves as a fulcrum for hoisting, which facilitates the construction personnel to use the hoisting equipment to accurately install the prefabricated stairs to the designated position. The hollow bamboo tube 6 is provided inside the step 1 without the bamboo tube 5 reserved for hoisting. The diameter of the hollow bamboo tube 6 is 6cm, and its length is the same as the width of the stair section plate 2. The distance between the hollow bamboo tube 6 and the reserved hole 3 of the circular handrail small bamboo tube is 35mm. While reducing the dead weight of the step 1, the hollow bamboo tube 6 can also play a role in sound insulation and heat insulation to a certain extent, thereby improving the performance of the prefabricated stairs.

[0039] The above-mentioned method for producing a low-carbon prefabricated staircase based on bamboo comprises the following steps: S1. Purchase bamboo tendons, bamboo tubes and steel bars with appropriate cross-sectional dimensions.

[0040] S2. Cut the bamboo tendons, bamboo tubes, and steel bars respectively, then perform anti-corrosion treatment on the cut bamboo tendons and bamboo tubes, and process the anti-corrosion treated bamboo tendons to obtain the hoisting reserved bamboo tubes 5, longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tubes 21, hollow bamboo tubes 6, longitudinal bamboo fiber wire wound bamboo tendons 8, edge stirrups 9, longitudinal bamboo tendons 10, upper distributed bamboo tendons 12, lower distributed bamboo tendons 13, hoisting point strengthening bars 14, edge longitudinal steel bars 7, longitudinal steel bars 11, upper edge strengthening bars 23, lower edge strengthening bars 24, handrail vertical small bamboo tubes 16, handrail horizontal large bamboo tubes 17, encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes 18, and encrypted vertical bamboo tubes 19.

[0041] Among them, the specific operation of processing the anti-corrosion treated bamboo tendons to obtain the longitudinal bamboo fiber wire wound bamboo tendons 8 is as follows: Fix the anti-corrosion treated bamboo tendons of corresponding dimensions on the numerical control winding machine, then evenly spiral wind the bamboo fiber rope through the guide wheels, synchronously coat epoxy resin glue, apply pressure for curing and shaping, and finally perform surface finishing and supplementary coating of epoxy resin to form a continuous protective layer, thus obtaining the longitudinal bamboo fiber wire wound bamboo tendons 8.

[0042] S3. Bind the longitudinal bamboo tendons 10, longitudinal steel bars 11, upper edge strengthening bars 23, lower edge strengthening bars 24, upper distributed bamboo tendons 12, lower distributed bamboo tendons 13, edge longitudinal steel bars 7, longitudinal bamboo fiber wire wound bamboo tendons 8, and edge stirrups 9 to form the first staircase skeleton.

[0043] S4. Horizontally place the staircase pouring form according to the precast staircase to be prepared, apply a release agent to the inner wall of the staircase pouring form, place small bamboo boards with a thickness equal to the thickness of the first concrete protective layer 26 on the bottom plate of the staircase pouring form, place the first staircase skeleton into the staircase pouring form, and fix the position.

[0044] S5. Bind the hoisting reserved bamboo tubes 5, longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tubes 21, and hole strengthening bamboo tendons 22 to the first staircase skeleton, and bind the hoisting point strengthening bars 14 to the longitudinal bamboo tendons 10 and longitudinal steel bars 11 together.

[0045] S6. Reserve the space for the circular handrail small bamboo tube reserved hole 3 and the reserved rectangular installation hole 4, and fix the hollow bamboo tubes 6 at the corresponding positions to obtain the second staircase skeleton.

[0046] S7. Pour the concrete into the staircase pouring form, cure it, remove the formwork after the concrete compressive strength reaches 75% of the strength standard value required by the design, and continue to cure it until the design strength.

[0047] S8. Assemble the vertical small bamboo tubes 16 of the handrail, the horizontal large bamboo tubes 17 of the handrail, the encrypted horizontal bamboo tubes 18, and the encrypted vertical bamboo tubes 19 to obtain the staircase handrail 20. Insert the lower end of the vertical small bamboo tube 16 of the staircase handrail 20 into the circular small bamboo tube reserved hole 3 for the handrail to obtain a low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo.

[0048] Apply the obtained low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo to the installation of prefabricated staircases, including the following steps: First step: Clean and level the ground. Second step: Pass the lifting rope through the reserved bamboo tube 5 for hoisting, and use a crane to lift the low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo. Third step: Place the low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo at the predetermined position. Pass the bolt rod through the reserved rectangular installation hole 4, and set flexible damping materials at the gaps between the upper and lower ends of the low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo and the reserved rectangular installation hole 4. Fourth step: Lay electrical pipelines through the reserved bamboo tube 21 for longitudinal wiring, and fill foam glue in the gaps of the electrical pipelines. Fifth step: Fill the reserved hole of the circular small bamboo tube for the handrail with adhesive. Sixth step: Decorate the low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo.

[0049] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned low-carbon prefabricated staircase made of bamboo and its production method and application. By setting the edge reinforcement mechanism and the connection and fixing mechanism, the reliability of the connection nodes and the anti-deformation ability are improved. Using bamboo as the main raw material, the light weight, high strength, and good toughness of bamboo are fully utilized, effectively reducing the self-weight of the staircase and improving the structural stability.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon assembled precast staircase based on bamboo, characterized in that, It includes a staircase support and treads. The treads are fixedly arranged on the staircase support, and the treads are in the shape of steps cast from concrete. The staircase support includes a flight slab and sliding ends at both ends of the flight slab. The flight slab includes a connecting and fixing mechanism and a first concrete protective layer cast outside the connecting and fixing mechanism. The sliding end includes edge stirrups, an edge reinforcement mechanism, and a second concrete protective layer cast outside the edge stirrups and the edge reinforcement mechanism. The flight slab and the sliding end are connected through the connecting and fixing mechanism, and suspension point reinforcement bars are provided between the flight slab and the treads.

2. The precast staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge reinforcement mechanism includes edge longitudinal bars, longitudinally bamboo fiber-wrapped bamboo bars, and hole-reinforcing bamboo bars. The edge longitudinal bars are symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the sliding end. The longitudinally bamboo fiber-wrapped bamboo bar is provided in the middle of the edge longitudinal bars. The hole-reinforcing bamboo bars are symmetrically arranged at the four corners inside the sliding end. The hole-reinforcing bamboo bars are U-shaped and are all tied and connected to the edge longitudinal bars and the longitudinally bamboo fiber-wrapped bamboo bars.

3. The precast staircase according to claim 2, wherein The edge stirrups include a dense area and a non-dense area arranged along the length direction of the sliding end. The non-dense area is located in the middle of the sliding end, and the dense area is located at both ends of the sliding end. The spacing of the non-dense area is 145 - 155 mm, and the spacing of the dense area is 90 - 110 mm. The edge stirrups are all tied and connected to the edge longitudinal bars and the longitudinally bamboo fiber-wrapped bamboo bars.

4. The precast staircase according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting and fixing mechanism includes longitudinal bamboo bars, longitudinal steel bars, upper edge reinforcement bars, lower edge reinforcement bars, upper distributed bamboo bars, and lower distributed bamboo bars. The longitudinal bamboo bars are arranged in the middle of the flight slab. The longitudinal steel bars are arranged at both ends of the flight slab. The upper distributed bamboo bars and the lower distributed bamboo bars are arranged inside the longitudinal bamboo bars and the longitudinal steel bars in the vertical direction. The upper edge reinforcement bars and the lower edge reinforcement bars are arranged inside the upper distributed bamboo bars and the lower distributed bamboo bars in the vertical direction. Both the lower ends of the longitudinal bamboo bars and the longitudinal steel bars are provided with a first bend at the bottom sliding end. Both the upper and lower ends of the upper edge reinforcement bars are provided with a second bend at the sliding end. The lower end of the lower edge reinforcement bar is provided with a second bend at the sliding end. The angles of both the first bend and the second bend are greater than 90°.

5. The precast staircase according to claim 4, characterized in that, Stair handrails are provided on the treads. The stair handrails include vertical small bamboo handrail tubes, horizontal large bamboo handrail tubes, dense horizontal bamboo tubes, and dense vertical bamboo tubes. The vertical small bamboo handrail tubes match the reserved hole holes of the circular small bamboo handrail tubes on the treads. The vertical small bamboo handrail tubes are arranged at intervals on the treads. The top of the vertical small bamboo handrail tubes is fixedly connected to the horizontal large bamboo handrail tubes. Both the middle and bottom of the vertical small bamboo handrail tubes are fixedly connected to the dense horizontal bamboo tubes. The dense horizontal bamboo tubes on both sides are fixedly connected to the dense vertical bamboo tubes.

6. The precast staircase according to claim 5, wherein, Lifting reserved bamboo tubes are provided at the middle positions at both ends of the treads. The lifting reserved bamboo tubes are tied and connected to the longitudinal bamboo bars, the upper distributed bamboo bars, and the lower distributed bamboo bars. Hollow bamboo tubes are provided inside the treads where no lifting reserved bamboo tubes are provided. The length of the hollow bamboo tubes is the same as the width of the flight slab.

7. The precast staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that, Longitudinal wire routing pipe reserved bamboo tubes are provided at the bottom of the flight slab, and reserved rectangular installation holes are provided on both sides of the sliding end.

8. The precast staircase according to claim 1, wherein The thicknesses of both the first concrete protective layer and the second concrete protective layer are 15 - 25 mm.

9. The production method of a low-carbon assembled precast staircase based on bamboo as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Purchase bamboo bars, bamboo tubes, and steel bars; S2. Process the bamboo tendons, bamboo tubes, and steel bars respectively to obtain reserved bamboo tubes for hoisting, reserved bamboo tubes for longitudinal wire ducts, hollow bamboo tubes, bamboo tendons wound with longitudinal bamboo fiber wires, edge stirrups, longitudinal bamboo tendons, upper distributed bamboo tendons, lower distributed bamboo tendons, hoisting point reinforcement bars, edge longitudinal steel bars, longitudinal steel bars, upper edge reinforcement bars, lower edge reinforcement bars, vertical small bamboo tubes for handrails, horizontal large bamboo tubes for handrails, densely distributed horizontal bamboo tubes, and densely distributed vertical bamboo tubes; S3. Bind the longitudinal bamboo tendons, longitudinal steel bars, upper edge reinforcement bars, lower edge reinforcement bars, upper distributed bamboo tendons, lower distributed bamboo tendons, edge longitudinal steel bars, bamboo tendons wound with longitudinal bamboo fiber wires, and edge stirrups to form the first staircase framework; S4. Horizontally place the staircase casting form according to the precast staircase to be prepared. Apply a release agent to the inner wall of the staircase casting form. Place small bamboo boards with a thickness equal to the thickness of the first concrete protective layer on the bottom plate of the staircase casting form. Place the first staircase framework into the staircase casting form and fix its position; S5. Bind the reserved bamboo tubes for hoisting, reserved bamboo tubes for longitudinal wire ducts, and hole - strengthening bamboo tendons to the first staircase framework, and bind the hoisting point reinforcement bars to the longitudinal bamboo tendons and longitudinal steel bars; S6. Reserve the space for the reserved holes of the circular small bamboo tubes for handrails and the reserved rectangular installation holes, and fix the hollow bamboo tubes at the corresponding positions to obtain the second staircase framework; S7. Pour concrete into the staircase casting form and cure it. After the compressive strength of the concrete reaches 75% of the designed strength standard value, remove the formwork and continue curing until the designed strength; S8. Assemble the vertical small bamboo tubes for handrails, horizontal large bamboo tubes for handrails, densely distributed horizontal bamboo tubes, and densely distributed vertical bamboo tubes to obtain the staircase handrail. Insert the lower end of the vertical small bamboo tubes for handrails in the staircase handrail into the reserved holes of the circular small bamboo tubes for handrails to obtain the low - carbon prefabricated assembled staircase based on bamboo; 10. Application of a low-carbon prefabricated assembled bamboo-based staircase, characterized in that, Apply the low - carbon prefabricated assembled staircase based on bamboo described in any one of claims 1 - 8 to the installation of prefabricated assembled staircases, including the following steps: The first step: Clean and level the ground; The second step: Pass the lifting rope through the reserved bamboo tubes for hoisting, and use a crane to lift the low - carbon prefabricated assembled staircase based on bamboo; The third step: Place the low - carbon prefabricated assembled staircase based on bamboo at the predetermined position. Pass the bolt rod through the reserved rectangular installation holes, and set flexible damping materials at the gaps between the upper and lower ends of the low - carbon prefabricated assembled staircase based on bamboo and the reserved rectangular installation holes; The fourth step: Pass the electrical pipelines through the reserved bamboo tubes for longitudinal wire ducts, and fill the gaps between the electrical pipelines with foam glue; The fifth step: Fill the reserved holes of the circular small bamboo tubes for handrails with adhesive; The sixth step: Decorate the low - carbon prefabricated assembled staircase based on bamboo.

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