Positive and negative pressure material dehydration device

Abstract

The invention discloses a positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, and belongs to the technical field of material dehydration, the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device comprises a screening structure mounted at a feeding end, a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber are connected right below the screening structure, and a blanking channel is formed by a space between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber; a plurality of downward ventilation holes are formed in the surface of the positive pressure chamber, and air is supplied from the positive pressure chamber to the negative pressure chamber in the discharging channel in a positive pressure mode; a plurality of upward dewatering holes are formed in the surface of the negative pressure chamber and are communicated with a drainage pipe connected to the lower end of the negative pressure chamber. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device can directly replace a chute at the head of a traditional coal flow transport machine, a material dehydration function is added after replacement, the dehydration function adopts a positive pressure air supply and negative pressure dehydration mode, and the dehydration rate is higher; compared with a common vibrating screen and roller screen dewatering mode, the positive and negative pressure material dewatering device has the advantages of being small in occupied area, low in investment, easy to install, maintain, operate and manage and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal dehydration, and specifically provides a positive and negative pressure material dehydration device. Background Art

[0002] In underground coal mines, during the coal mining process, water gushing often occurs. The water gushing enters the mined coal, posing a great safety hazard to underground coal transportation and hoisting. To eliminate the safety hazard, the current main solution is to install vibrating dewatering screens and roller screens in the transportation roadway for dehydration.

[0003] There are mainly the following problems in installing vibrating dewatering screens and roller screens for dehydration in the transportation link:

[0004] First, it occupies a large area. The head of the belt conveyor, the head chute, the dewatering screen, the chute under the dewatering screen, the tail of the transfer belt conveyor, plus the equipment installation and maintenance lifting equipment, the total height is more than ten meters. This makes the construction and support of underground roadways difficult and costly. For mines with poor geological conditions, there are great safety hazards in roadway construction and support.

[0005] Second, the investment is large. Due to the large occupied area and height space, the cost of roadway development is high; generally, two-stage dehydration is required to meet the dehydration index, and the equipment is large-scale and costly.

[0006] Third, the dehydration efficiency is low. Due to the limitation of the processing capacity of the screen, when the instantaneous coal flow rate is large and the water content is high, the dehydration index cannot be achieved.

[0007] Fourth, the installation and removal are difficult. Since the equipment is large-scale, from being transported into the well along the roadway to the installation site, due to the limited underground space, the installation and construction are difficult, costly, and the installation period is long; the same problems are encountered during the major overhaul and removal of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positive and negative pressure material dehydration device with a small occupied area and space, low transformation cost, high dehydration rate, and convenient installation and removal.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0010] A positive and negative pressure material dehydration device includes a screening structure installed at the feeding end and inclined.

[0011] The positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber which are inclined are connected to the directly below of the screening structure, and the space between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber forms a blanking channel.

[0012] The surface of the positive pressure chamber is provided with a number of ventilation holes distributed in a matrix and facing downward, and positive pressure air is supplied from the positive pressure chamber to the negative pressure chamber in the blanking channel; the surface of the negative pressure chamber is provided with a number of dehydration holes distributed in a matrix and facing upward, and all the dehydration holes are communicated with a drain pipe connected to the lower end of the negative pressure chamber.

[0013] With the above scheme, the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device can directly replace the chute at the head of the traditional coal conveyor. After replacement, the dehydration function of the material is increased. This dehydration function works in the way of positive pressure air supply + negative pressure dehydration, and only dehydrates the screened fine particle materials, and its dehydration rate is higher; compared with the common vibrating screen and roller screen dehydration methods, the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device has the advantages of small floor area, less investment, simple installation, maintenance and operation management.

[0014] As a preferred implementation mode of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, the included angle between the material screening structure and the horizontal plane is 40-50°; among them, the material screening structure is a fixed sliding screen.

[0015] With the above scheme, in order to realize the screening of the material, the fixed sliding screen is inclined. The materials with small volume pass through the fixed sliding screen and freely fall, while the materials with large volume roll along the inclined direction of the fixed sliding screen.

[0016] As a preferred implementation mode of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, an electro-hydraulic gate 1 is also installed directly below the material screening structure.

[0017] With the above scheme, in order to better control the flow rate of the material at the material screening structure, by installing the electro-hydraulic gate 1, the flow rate during blanking at the material screening structure can be flexibly adjusted; when dehydration is required, the electro-hydraulic gate 1 is opened; when dehydration is not required, the electro-hydraulic gate 1 is closed, and the positive and negative pressure air supply system composed of the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber stops working.

[0018] As a preferred implementation mode of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber are parallel to each other and the included angle between them and the horizontal plane is 50-70°.

[0019] With the above scheme, in order to improve the dehydration efficiency of the material, the blanking channel between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber is inclined, so that the material can be dehydrated while being transported, greatly improving the dehydration efficiency of the material.

[0020] As a preferred implementation mode of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, the positive pressure chamber is connected to a positive pressure tank through a pipeline, and a positive pressure regulating valve is installed on this pipeline.

[0021] With the above scheme, in order to realize the positive pressure air supply of the positive pressure chamber, the positive pressure tank supplies air to the positive pressure chamber through a pipeline, and the air volume is adjusted by the positive pressure regulating valve.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, the negative pressure chamber is connected to the vacuum tank through a pipeline, and a negative pressure regulating valve is installed on this pipeline; a steam-water separator is installed on the vacuum tank.

[0023] With the above solution, in order to achieve negative pressure dehydration in the negative pressure chamber, a vacuum environment is provided by the vacuum tank, water is pumped from the vacuum tank to the negative pressure chamber through the pipeline, and the dehydration speed is adjusted by the negative pressure regulating valve. The design of the vacuum tank and the steam-water separator enables the separated water and fine particle materials to achieve gas, material, and water separation, and the water and fine particle materials are quickly discharged.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, an electro-hydraulic gate two and an electro-hydraulic gate three are also installed in the negative pressure chamber. Among them, the electro-hydraulic gate two is close to the pipeline connecting the vacuum tank, and the electro-hydraulic gate three is close to the location where the drain pipe is connected.

[0025] With the above solution, in order to better control the discharge of water and fine particle materials with through holes in the negative pressure chamber, during normal dehydration, the electro-hydraulic gate two is in the open state and the electro-hydraulic gate three is in the closed state, so that a closed state is formed in the negative pressure chamber; when it is necessary to discharge water and fine particle materials with through holes, the electro-hydraulic gate two is closed and the electro-hydraulic gate three is opened for discharge to avoid backflow of the vacuum tank.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, the ventilation hole is a trumpet hole, and its cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid, where the outer diameter of the ventilation hole is smaller than its inner diameter; the dehydration hole is a trumpet hole, and its cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid, where the outer diameter of the dehydration hole is smaller than its inner diameter.

[0027] With the above solution, in order to avoid blockage of the ventilation hole and the dehydration hole, both the ventilation hole and the dehydration hole are set as trumpet holes. At this time, impurities are not easily stuck in the ventilation hole or the dehydration hole, making it not easy for the two to become blocked.

[0028] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device can directly replace the chute at the head of the traditional coal conveyor. After replacement, the dehydration function of the material is increased. This dehydration function works in the way of positive pressure air supply + negative pressure dehydration, and only dehydrates the screened fine particle materials, and its dehydration rate is higher; compared with the common dehydration methods of vibrating screens and roller screens, the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device has the advantages of small floor area, less investment, simple installation, maintenance, and operation management.

[0030] 2. In order to achieve screening of materials, the fixed sliding screen is inclined. Materials with small volume pass through the fixed sliding screen and freely fall, while materials with large volume roll along the inclined direction of the fixed sliding screen.

[0031] In order to better control the material flow at the screening structure, by installing an electro-hydraulic shutter 1, the flow rate during material feeding at the screening structure can be flexibly adjusted; when dehydration is required, open the electro-hydraulic shutter 1; when dehydration is not required, close the electro-hydraulic shutter 1, and the positive and negative pressure air supply system composed of the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber stops working.

[0032] 3. In order to improve the dehydration efficiency of the material, the feeding channel between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber is inclined, so that the material can be dehydrated while being conveyed, greatly improving the dehydration efficiency of the material;

[0033] 4. In order to realize the positive pressure air supply of the positive pressure chamber, the positive pressure tank supplies air to the positive pressure chamber through a pipeline, and the air volume is adjusted by a positive pressure regulating valve;

[0034] 5. In order to realize the negative pressure dehydration of the negative pressure chamber, a vacuum environment is provided by a vacuum tank, the vacuum tank pumps water to the negative pressure chamber through a pipeline, and the dehydration speed is adjusted by a negative pressure regulating valve. The design of the vacuum tank and the steam-water separator is adopted to realize the gas, material and water separation of the discharged water and fine particle materials, and the water and fine particle materials are quickly discharged;

[0035] 6. In order to better control the discharge of water and fine particle materials with through holes in the negative pressure chamber, under normal dehydration conditions, the electro-hydraulic shutter 2 is in the open state and the electro-hydraulic shutter 3 is in the closed state, so that a closed state is formed in the negative pressure chamber; when it is necessary to discharge water and fine particle materials with through holes, close the electro-hydraulic shutter 2 and open the electro-hydraulic shutter 3 for discharge to avoid the backflow of the vacuum tank;

[0036] 7. In order to avoid blockage of the ventilation holes and dehydration holes, both the ventilation holes and the dehydration holes are set as flared holes. At this time, impurities are not easily stuck in the ventilation holes or dehydration holes, making it not easy for the two to be blocked. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 It is the front view structural schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device;

[0039] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view structural schematic diagram when transporting coal;

[0040] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed sliding screen;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the positive pressure chamber surface;

[0042] Figure 5 Along Figure 4 It is a sectional schematic diagram at the location of the ventilation holes;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the negative pressure chamber surface;

[0044] Figure 7 Along Figure 6 It is a sectional schematic diagram at the location of the dehydration holes;

[0045] Markings in the figure: 1 - Fixed sliding screen; 2 - Positive pressure chamber; 3 - Negative pressure chamber; 4 - Ventilation holes; 5 - Dehydration holes; 6 - Dehydration holes; 7 - Electro-hydraulic gate one; 8 - Positive pressure tank; 9 - Positive pressure regulating valve; 10 - Vacuum tank; 11 - Negative pressure regulating valve; 12 - Electro-hydraulic gate two; 13 - Electro-hydraulic gate three; 14 - Belt conveyor; 15 - Coal before screening; 16 - Fine particle coal; 17 - Large lump coal. Specific embodiments

[0046] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, a positive and negative pressure material dehydration device includes a screening structure installed at the feeding end and inclined; directly below the screening structure, an inclined positive pressure chamber 2 and a negative pressure chamber 3 are connected. The space between the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 3 forms a feeding channel; a plurality of ventilation holes 4 distributed in a matrix and facing downward are opened on the surface of the positive pressure chamber 2, and positive pressure air is sent from the positive pressure chamber 2 to the negative pressure chamber 3 in the feeding channel; a plurality of dehydration holes 6 distributed in a matrix and facing upward are opened on the surface of the negative pressure chamber 3, and all the dehydration holes 6 are communicated with a drain pipe connected to the lower end of the negative pressure chamber 3. This positive and negative pressure material dehydration device can directly replace the chute at the head of the traditional coal flow conveyor. After replacement, the dehydration function of the material is increased. This dehydration function works in the way of positive pressure air supply + negative pressure dehydration, and only dehydrates the screened fine particle materials, and its dehydration rate is higher; compared with the common vibration screen and roller screen dehydration methods, this positive and negative pressure material dehydration device has the advantages of small floor area, less investment, simple installation, maintenance, and operation management.

[0048] As Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, the angle between the screening structure and the horizontal plane is 40 - 50°, and the optimal angle is 45°; among them, the screening structure is the fixed sliding screen 1. In order to screen the materials, the fixed sliding screen 1 is inclined. The materials with small volume pass through the fixed sliding screen 1 and fall freely, while the materials with large volume roll along the inclined direction of the fixed sliding screen 1.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, an electro-hydraulic gate 1 7 is also installed directly below the screening structure. In order to better control the material flow at the screening structure, by installing the electro-hydraulic gate 1 7, the flow rate during feeding at the screening structure can be flexibly adjusted; when dehydration is required, the electro-hydraulic gate 1 7 is opened; when dehydration is not required, the electro-hydraulic gate 1 7 is closed, and the positive and negative pressure air supply system composed of the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 3 stops working.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 3 are parallel to each other and the angle between them and the horizontal plane is 50 - 70°, and the optimal angle is 60°. In order to improve the dehydration efficiency of the materials, the feeding channel between the positive pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure chamber 3 is inclined, so that the materials can be dehydrated while being transported, greatly improving the dehydration efficiency of the materials.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, the positive pressure chamber 2 is connected to the positive pressure tank 8 through a pipeline, and a positive pressure regulating valve 9 is installed on this pipeline. In order to realize the positive pressure air supply of the positive pressure chamber 2, the positive pressure tank 8 supplies air to the positive pressure chamber 2 through a pipeline, and the air volume is adjusted by the positive pressure regulating valve 9.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, the negative pressure chamber 3 is connected to the vacuum tank 10 through a pipeline, and a negative pressure regulating valve 11 is installed on this pipeline; a steam-water separator is installed on the vacuum tank 10. In order to realize the negative pressure dehydration of the negative pressure chamber 3, the vacuum tank 10 provides a vacuum environment, pumps water from the vacuum tank 10 to the negative pressure chamber 3 through a pipeline, and adjusts the dehydration speed through the negative pressure regulating valve 11. With the design of the vacuum tank 10 and the steam-water separator, the separated water, fine particle materials are separated into gas, solid and water, and the water and fine particle materials are quickly discharged.

[0053] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, an electro-hydraulic sluice gate II 12 and an electro-hydraulic sluice gate III 13 are also installed in the negative pressure chamber 3. Among them, the electro-hydraulic sluice gate II 12 is close to the pipeline connecting the vacuum tank 10, and the electro-hydraulic sluice gate III 13 is close to the location where the drain pipe is connected. In order to better control the discharge of water and fine particulate materials with through holes in the negative pressure chamber 3, under normal dehydration conditions, the electro-hydraulic sluice gate II 12 is in the open state, and the electro-hydraulic sluice gate III 13 is in the closed state, so that a closed state is formed in the negative pressure chamber 3; when it is necessary to discharge water and fine particulate materials with through holes, the electro-hydraulic sluice gate II 12 is closed, and the electro-hydraulic sluice gate III 13 is opened for discharge to avoid backflow of the vacuum tank 10.

[0054] As Figures 4 to 7 shown in the figure, the ventilation hole 4 is a flared hole, and its cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid, where the aperture of the ventilation hole 4 facing outward is smaller than its aperture facing inward; the dehydration hole 6 is a flared hole, and its cross-section is an isosceles trapezoid, where the aperture of the dehydration hole 6 facing outward is smaller than its aperture facing inward. In order to avoid blockage of the ventilation hole 4 and the dehydration hole 6, both the ventilation hole 4 and the dehydration hole 6 are set as flared holes. At this time, impurities are not easily stuck in the ventilation hole 4 or the dehydration hole 6, making it not easy for the two to become blocked.

[0055] The working principle of the present invention:

[0056] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, before the application of coal transportation and dehydration, the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device is installed between two belt conveyors 14. Among them, there is a certain height difference between the two belt conveyors 14. The fixed sieve 1 of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device is close to the discharge end of the upper belt conveyor 14, and the negative pressure chamber 3 of the positive and negative pressure material dehydration device is close to the feeding end of the lower belt conveyor 14.

[0057] During coal transportation, the coal 15 before screening is transported by the upper belt conveyor 14, and the electro-hydraulic sluice gate I 7 is closed. At this time, the coal 15 before screening falls and rolls along the inclined fixed sieve to the lower belt conveyor 14, and then the coal is transported along the lower belt conveyor 14.

[0058] During coal dehydration, the coal 15 before screening is transported by the upper belt conveyor 14, and the electro-hydraulic sluice gate I 7 is opened. At this time, the coal 15 before screening falls onto the inclined fixed sieve 1. After screening by the fixed sieve 1, the fine particulate coal 16 passes through the fixed sieve 1 and freely falls into the feeding channel, while the large coal 17 rolls along the inclined direction of the fixed sieve 1 onto the lower belt conveyor 14, and then the dehydrated coal is transported along the lower belt conveyor 14.

[0059] Since the large pieces of coal 17 contain almost no water, while the small particle coal 16 has a high water content. When the small particle coal 16 enters the feeding channel, the positive pressure tank 8 sends air to the positive pressure chamber 2 through a pipeline. At this time, the positive pressure air is sent from the positive pressure chamber 2 to the negative pressure chamber 3 in the feeding channel, and the vacuum tank 10 provides a vacuum environment. The vacuum tank 10 pumps water to the negative pressure chamber 3 through a pipeline. This dehydration function works in the way of positive pressure air supply + negative pressure dehydration, and its dehydration rate is higher. Finally, the dehydrated small particle coal 16 falls onto the lower belt conveyor 14, and then the dehydrated coal is conveyed along the lower belt conveyor 14. During normal dehydration, the electro-hydraulic gate two 12 is in the open state, and the electro-hydraulic gate three 13 is in the closed state, so that the negative pressure chamber 3 forms a sealed state. When it is necessary to discharge water and the small particle materials with through holes, the electro-hydraulic gate two 12 is closed and the electro-hydraulic gate three 13 is opened for discharging to avoid the backflow of the vacuum tank 10.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positive and negative pressure material dehydration device, comprising a screening structure installed at the feeding end and inclined; It is characterized in that: A positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber which are inclined are connected directly below the screening structure, and the space between the positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber forms a feeding channel; A plurality of ventilation holes which are matrix-distributed and face downward are formed in the surface of the positive pressure chamber, and positive pressure air is supplied from the positive pressure chamber to the negative pressure chamber in the feeding channel; A plurality of dehydration holes which are matrix-distributed and face upward are formed in the surface of the negative pressure chamber, and all the dehydration holes are communicated with a drain pipe connected to the lower end of the negative pressure chamber.

2. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 1, wherein: The included angle between the screening structure and the horizontal plane is 40-50°.

3. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 2, wherein: The screening structure is a fixed sliding screen.

4. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first electro-hydraulic gate is also installed directly below the screening structure.

5. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 1, wherein: The positive pressure chamber and the negative pressure chamber are parallel to each other, and the included angle between the two and the horizontal plane is 50-70°.

6. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 1, wherein: The positive pressure chamber is connected to a positive pressure tank through a pipeline, and a positive pressure regulating valve is installed on this pipeline.

7. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure chamber is connected to a vacuum tank through a pipeline, and a negative pressure regulating valve is installed on this pipeline; A steam-water separator is installed on the vacuum tank.

8. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second electro-hydraulic gate and a third electro-hydraulic gate are also installed in the negative pressure chamber, wherein the second electro-hydraulic gate is close to the pipeline connecting the vacuum tank, and the third electro-hydraulic gate is close to the location where the drain pipe is connected.

9. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The ventilation hole is a horn hole, and its cross section is an isosceles trapezoid, wherein the aperture of the ventilation hole facing outward is smaller than the aperture facing inward.

10. The positive and negative pressure material dehydration device according to claim 9, wherein: The dehydration hole is a horn hole, and its cross section is an isosceles trapezoid, wherein the aperture of the dehydration hole facing outward is smaller than the aperture facing inward.

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