Plant growth soil environment monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field related to soil environment monitoring, in particular to a plant growth soil environment monitoring device which comprises a supporting rod, a base plate is arranged at the bottom of the supporting rod, a first mounting rod is arranged on the top face of the supporting rod, and an anemoscope, an anemograph and a shutter collecting box are sequentially mounted on the top face of the first mounting rod; a second mounting rod and a third mounting rod are mounted at the middle upper part of the first mounting rod, and the third mounting rod is positioned below the second mounting rod; an anemoscope, an anemograph and a shutter collection box are adopted to monitor the plant growth environment, and plant growth soil is monitored synchronously through a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil nitrogen phosphorus and potassium sensor and a soil pH and conductivity sensor. All data collected by the information collector are finally in butt joint with an information receiving end of a user through a wireless terminal in the information collector in a wireless transmission mode, and the sky-ground integrated monitoring effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to soil environment monitoring, and particularly relates to a device for monitoring the soil environment for plant growth. Background Art

[0002] In the field of planting, moisture, temperature, electrical conductivity (salt content) and nutrients in the soil are the most important and commonly used data information for plant growth, and they are key indicators affecting plant growth and development; due to differences in regional topography, soil physical and chemical properties, meteorology and other factors, the state distribution of regional soil is uneven. Timely mastering the dynamic information of the regional soil state, exploring the soil moisture profit and loss, temperature, electrical conductivity (salt content) during the plant growth and development period, so as to make decisions on irrigation, fertilization or drainage measures, whether to increase or decrease the temperature, is of great significance for improving the management level of plant crops, scientifically guiding drought resistance and disaster relief, preventing and reducing drought disasters, ensuring domestic water and ecological water, and realizing precision planting.

[0003] As disclosed by the State Intellectual Property Office, a plant phenotype monitoring device with the application number 202010420969.X mainly discloses a technical solution including a soil detection mechanism, an environmental parameter acquisition mechanism, an underground root observation mechanism, an above-ground plant observation mechanism, and a control unit. Further, it is disclosed that the environmental parameter acquisition mechanism is a four-in-one sensor that can simultaneously acquire four environmental parameters of temperature, humidity, illuminance, and atmospheric pressure in the plant's surrounding environment. As is well known, the key factors affecting plant growth include not only temperature and humidity but also the most crucial soil nutrients and soil pH value. Its illuminance and atmospheric pressure are only used as reference and detection indicators in artificial microenvironments such as greenhouses, and thus cannot be used as the main detection means for outdoor plant growth. Currently, for the monitoring of the soil environment during plant growth, an integrated air-ground ecological environment monitoring system is often used. Integrated air-ground ecological environment monitoring is a comprehensive monitoring system that integrates the monitoring functions of the atmospheric and surface ecological environments. The system aims to comprehensively monitor and evaluate the status of the atmospheric and surface ecological environments, providing a scientific basis for ecological environment management, protection, and sustainable development. In terms of the surface ecological monitoring of plant growth, the monitoring system usually uses a soil moisture monitor equipped with soil monitoring instruments, water quality monitoring equipment, etc. to continuously monitor surface environmental parameters such as soil humidity, temperature, conductivity, pH value, and soil nutrients. These data are crucial for soil health status and plant ecological environment protection. For example, an orchard soil environment monitoring device with the application number 201721926698.5 mainly includes a soil temperature sensor, a soil humidity sensor, and a soil pH value sensor. However, like most monitoring stations for the soil environment of plant growth, it is directly installed in the outdoor environment. A configuration box is usually set up, and a collector for receiving soil environment acquisition data in real time is installed in the configuration box. Since the collector is often in a working state, heat will inevitably be generated. When in high-temperature weather such as summer, the collector or other components in the configuration box are extremely likely to be damaged due to high temperature, affecting the monitoring of the soil environment for plant growth in the corresponding area. Then, it is necessary for staff to repair and replace the damaged components, and the operation is relatively inconvenient. Although a plant protection monitoring box with the application number 202022642915.6 takes into account the heat dissipation of the configuration box, it does not consider the cleaning of the filter screen. Therefore, it cannot achieve true unattended operation. As long as the filter screen is blocked, the heat dissipation will still be poor.

[0004] It is not difficult to see from this that the core of detecting the growth of outdoor plants is to detect soil temperature, soil humidity, soil nutrients, soil pH value and conductivity, wind speed and light intensity. When numerous detection devices are integrated into one, heat will inevitably be generated. Then, especially in high-temperature weather such as summer, the collector or other components in the configuration box are extremely likely to be damaged due to the high temperature, and even affect the final detection data. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to provide a device that can integrate the detection of soil temperature, soil humidity, soil pH value and conductivity, as well as the detection devices for soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, wind speed and light intensity, and at the same time can avoid the excessive temperature caused by too many integrated detection devices, thus affecting the accuracy of the detection temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for monitoring the soil environment of plant growth in view of the defects and deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] A device for monitoring the soil environment of plant growth according to the present invention includes a support rod, a base plate is provided at the bottom of the support rod, a first mounting rod is provided at the top surface of the support rod, a wind vane, an anemometer and a louver collection box are sequentially installed at the top surface of the first mounting rod; a second mounting rod and a third mounting rod are installed in the middle and upper part of the first mounting rod, and the third mounting rod is located below the second mounting rod; cross bars are symmetrically installed at both ends of the third mounting rod, and one side of the top surfaces of the two cross bars away from the third mounting rod is connected to the second mounting rod through inclined struts, and solar panels are installed on the two inclined struts; a configuration box with one end open is installed on the support rod, and a box cover is provided at the opening of the configuration box; an information collector for receiving and collecting soil environment information is provided in the configuration box.

[0007] Furthermore, a horizontally arranged first partition is provided in the middle and upper part of the configuration box, a second partition perpendicular to it is provided at the bottom of the first partition, and the second partition and the first partition divide the internal cavity of the configuration box into a configuration cavity, a first transmission cavity and a second transmission cavity, and the second transmission cavity is located above the configuration cavity and the first transmission cavity; the information collector is located in the configuration cavity, a PLC control panel and a temperature sensor are sequentially arranged on one side of the information collector, and the temperature sensor is connected to the PLC control panel through a wire; the wind vane, the anemometer and the louver collection box are connected to the information collector through wires; the solar panel is respectively connected to the information collector and the PLC control panel through wires, and the collector is wirelessly docked with the information receiving end of the user through a wireless terminal.

[0008] Furthermore, a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor, and a soil pH and conductivity sensor for monitoring the soil are provided below the configuration box. A light intensity detection device is installed on the configuration box, and a surface temperature and humidity monitoring device is installed at the bottom of the configuration box. The soil temperature and humidity sensor, the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sensor, the soil pH and conductivity sensor, the light intensity detection device, and the surface temperature and humidity monitoring device are respectively connected to an information collector through wires.

[0009] Furthermore, a heat dissipation window for heat dissipation that is communicated with the configuration cavity is opened on one side of the configuration box. A filter screen for blocking foreign objects is embedded in the heat dissipation window. A first transmission shaft arranged along its length direction is provided in the middle of the first transmission cavity. One end of the first transmission shaft extends into the configuration cavity and is docked with the central axis of the fan. A first bevel gear concentric with the first transmission shaft is provided on the shaft section of the first transmission shaft located in the first transmission cavity. A second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is provided above the first bevel gear. A second transmission shaft concentric with the second bevel gear is provided on the second bevel gear. One end of the second transmission shaft extends into the second transmission cavity and is axially docked with the power output shaft of an electric motor arranged at the top wall of the second transmission cavity. The electric motor is connected to a PLC control panel through a wire.

[0010] Furthermore, a third bevel gear concentric with the second transmission shaft is provided on the shaft section of the second transmission shaft located in the second transmission cavity. A fourth bevel gear meshing with the third bevel gear is provided on one side of the third bevel gear. A third transmission shaft concentric with the fourth bevel gear is provided on the fourth bevel gear. One end of the third transmission shaft extends out of the configuration box and is provided with a first sprocket. An auxiliary support plate for supporting the third transmission shaft is provided at the top of the first partition. A second sprocket rotatably connected thereto is installed at the middle and lower part of one side of the configuration box corresponding to the first sprocket through a hinge shaft. The second sprocket and the first sprocket are vertically arranged in a corresponding up and down position and the second sprocket is located below the heat dissipation window. The second sprocket and the first sprocket are in transmission cooperation through a transmission chain, and a driving shaft convex concentric with the chain link pin shaft of the transmission chain is installed on the transmission chain.

[0011] Furthermore, T-shaped slide rails arranged along the height direction are symmetrically provided at both ends of the side of the configuration box where the heat dissipation window is opened. The heat dissipation window is located between the two T-shaped slide rails. A brush plate slidably connected thereto is provided on the two T-shaped slide rails. A brush for cleaning the filter screen is provided on the side of the brush plate close to the heat dissipation window. A T-shaped chute slidably connected to the T-shaped slide rail is opened on the brush plate. A waist-shaped groove is penetrated through the brush plate. The driving shaft convex is located in the waist-shaped groove and is in sliding connection therewith. The groove length of the waist-shaped groove is slightly larger than the stroke in the width direction of the driving shaft convex.

[0012] After adopting the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: It uses a wind vane, an anemometer and a louver collection box to monitor the plant growth environment, and simultaneously monitors the plant growth soil through a soil temperature and humidity sensor, a soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor, and a soil pH and conductivity sensor, and uses a light intensity detection device and a surface temperature and humidity monitoring device to detect the light intensity and surface temperature and humidity around the plant growth. The various data collected by the information collector are finally docked with the user's information receiving end through the wireless terminal in the information collector in a wireless transmission manner, improving the monitoring effect of sky-ground integration; simultaneously, the temperature in the configuration cavity is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor. Then, when the temperature is too high, the electric motor is started through the PLC control panel to complete the start of the fan, thereby reducing the temperature in the configuration cavity and avoiding the situation of component damage caused by too high component temperature. Synchronously, the brush plate is driven to move up and down reciprocally, thereby cleaning the filter screen and avoiding dust clogging the filter screen and affecting heat dissipation, improving the heat dissipation effect of components such as the information collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of this application, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration box structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the configuration box of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the brush plate structure of the present invention; Description of the reference numerals: Base plate - 1; Support rod - 3; First mounting rod - 4; Wind vane - 5; Anemometer - 6; Louver collection box - 7; Second mounting rod - 8; Third mounting rod - 9; Diagonal brace - 10; Cross bar - 101; Solar panel - 11; Configuration box - 12; Box cover - 13; First partition - 14; Second partition - 15; Configuration cavity - 16; First transmission cavity - 17; Second transmission cavity - 18; Heat dissipation window - 19; Filter screen - 20; T-shaped slide rail - 21; Information collector - 22; Soil temperature and humidity sensor - 23; Soil pH and conductivity sensor - 24; First transmission shaft - 25; First bevel gear - 26; Fan - 27; Second bevel gear - 28; Second transmission shaft - 29; Third bevel gear - 30; Electric motor - 31; Fourth bevel gear - 32; Third transmission shaft - 33; Auxiliary support plate - 34; First sprocket - 35; Transmission chain - 36; Second sprocket - 37; Brush plate - 38; Waist-shaped groove - 39; T-shaped chute - 40; Drive shaft convex - 41; PLC processor - 42; Temperature sensor - 43; Soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor - 50. Embodiment

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0016] As Figures 1 - 4As shown in the figure, a plant growth soil environment monitoring device according to the present invention includes a support rod 3. A base plate 1 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 3. At the top surface of the support rod 3, a first mounting rod 4 is provided. At the top surface of the first mounting rod 4, a wind vane 5, an anemometer 6 and a louver collection box 7 are sequentially installed. At the middle and upper part of the first mounting rod 4, a second mounting rod 8 and a third mounting rod 9 are installed. The third mounting rod 9 is located below the second mounting rod 8. At both ends of the third mounting rod 9, cross bars 101 are symmetrically installed. On one side of the top surfaces of the two cross bars 101 away from the third mounting rod 9, they are connected to the second mounting rod 8 through inclined struts 10. A solar panel 11 is installed on the two inclined struts 10. A configuration box 12 with one end open is installed on the support rod 3. A box cover 13 is provided at the opening of the configuration box 12. An information collector 22 for receiving and collecting soil environment information is provided inside the configuration box 12.

[0017] Further, a horizontally arranged first partition 14 is provided in the middle and upper part inside the configuration box 12. A second partition 15 perpendicular to it is provided at the bottom of the first partition 14. The second partition 15 and the first partition 14 divide the internal cavity of the configuration box 12 into a configuration cavity 16, a first transmission cavity 17 and a second transmission cavity 18. The second transmission cavity 18 is located above the configuration cavity 16 and the first transmission cavity 17. The information collector 22 is located in the configuration cavity 16. A PLC control panel 42 and a temperature sensor 43 are sequentially provided on one side of the information collector 22. The temperature sensor 43 is connected to the PLC control panel 42 through a wire. The wind vane 5, the anemometer 6 and the louver collection box 7 are connected to the information collector 22 through wires. The solar panel 11 is connected to the information collector 22 and the PLC control panel 42 through wires respectively. The collector 22 is wirelessly docked with the information receiving end of the user through a wireless terminal.

[0018] Furthermore, a soil temperature and humidity sensor 23, a soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor 50, a soil pH and conductivity sensor 24 for monitoring the soil are provided below the configuration box 12. A light intensity detection device 51 is installed on the configuration box 12. A surface temperature and humidity monitoring device 52 is installed at the bottom of the configuration box 12. The soil temperature and humidity sensor 23, the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor 50, the soil pH and conductivity sensor 24, the light intensity detection device 51 and the surface temperature and humidity monitoring device 52 are respectively connected to the information collector 22 through wires.

[0019] Furthermore, a heat dissipation window 19 for heat dissipation, which is connected to the configuration chamber 16, is provided on one side of the configuration box 12, and a filter 20 for blocking foreign matter is embedded in the heat dissipation window 19; a first transmission shaft 25 arranged along its length direction is provided in the middle part of the first transmission chamber 17, and one end of the first transmission shaft 25 extends into the configuration chamber 16 and docks with the central axis of the fan 27; the first transmission shaft 25 is provided with a first bevel gear 26 concentric with the first transmission shaft 25 on the shaft section located in the first transmission chamber 17, and a second bevel gear 28 meshing with the first bevel gear 26 is provided above the first bevel gear 26, and a second transmission shaft 29 concentric with the first bevel gear 28 is provided on the second bevel gear 28, and one end of the second transmission shaft 29 extends into the second transmission chamber 18 and axially docks with the power output shaft of the electric motor 31 arranged on the top wall of the second transmission chamber 18, and the electric motor 31 is connected to the PLC control panel 42 through a wire.

[0020] Furthermore, the second transmission shaft 29 is provided with a third bevel gear 30 concentric with the shaft section located in the second transmission cavity 18, and a fourth bevel gear 32 meshing with the third bevel gear 30 is provided on one side of the third bevel gear 30, and a third transmission shaft 33 concentric with the third bevel gear 32 is provided on the fourth bevel gear 32, and one end of the third transmission shaft 33 extends out of the configuration box 12 and is installed with a first sprocket 35; the top of the first partition 14 is provided with an auxiliary support plate 34 for supporting the third transmission shaft 33; the middle and lower part of the side corresponding to the first sprocket 35 of the configuration box 12 is provided with a second sprocket 37 rotatably connected and matched with it through a hinge shaft, and the second sprocket 37 and the first sprocket 35 are vertically corresponding to the upper and lower positions, and the second sprocket 37 is located below the heat dissipation window 19; the second sprocket 37 and the first sprocket 35 are transmission-matched through a transmission chain 36, and a drive shaft protrusion 41 concentric with it is installed at the chain pin of the chain link of the transmission chain 36.

[0021] Furthermore, the configuration box 12 has a heat dissipation window 19 on one side, and both ends thereof are symmetrically provided with T-shaped slide rails 21 arranged along its height direction, the heat dissipation window 19 is located between the two T-shaped slide rails 21, and the two T-shaped slide rails 21 are provided with brush plates 38 that are slidably connected and cooperated with them, and the brush plate 38 is provided with bristles for cleaning the filter 20 on the side close to the heat dissipation window 19, and the brush plate 38 is provided with a T-shaped slide groove 40 that is slidably connected and cooperated with the T-shaped slide rail 21; the brush plate 38 is provided with a waist-shaped groove 39, and the drive shaft protrusion 41 is located in the waist-shaped groove 39 and is slidably connected and cooperated with it, and the groove length of the waist-shaped groove 39 is slightly larger than the stroke of the drive shaft protrusion 41 in the width direction.

[0022] The following is a further description of the method and principle of using the technical solution in this specific implementation method in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: When it is necessary to monitor the soil environment for plant growth, the staff first horizontally insert the soil temperature and humidity sensor 23 and the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor 50 at a position 20 cm below the bottom surface of the soil, and at the same time bury the soil pH and conductivity sensor 24 synchronously into the soil; at this time, the humidity, temperature, nutrients, pH value, conductivity and other surface environment parameters in the soil for plant growth can be monitored through the soil temperature and humidity sensor 23, the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor 50 and the soil pH and conductivity sensor 24. The soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor 50 monitors the basic soil nutrient component parameters such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Synchronously, the growth environment outside the plant can be monitored through the wind vane 5, the anemometer 6 and the louver collecting box 7. The light intensity detection device 51 and the surface temperature and humidity monitoring device 52 detect the light intensity and the surface temperature and humidity around the plant growth; when it is in high temperature weather, the temperature sensor 43 can monitor the temperature in the configuration cavity 16. When the temperature is higher than the threshold value, the electric motor 31 is started through the PLC control panel 42. The power output shaft of the electric motor 31 rotates to drive the second transmission shaft 29 connected to its output shaft to rotate. The rotation of the second transmission shaft 29 drives the second bevel gear 28 and the third bevel gear 30 concentric with it to rotate. The rotation of the third bevel gear 30 drives the first bevel gear 26 engaged with it to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear 26 drives the first transmission shaft 25 and the fan 27 concentric with it to rotate, thereby completing the air cooling of various components in the configuration cavity 16; synchronously, the rotation of the third bevel gear 30 drives the third transmission shaft 33 engaged with it to rotate. The rotation of the third transmission shaft 33 drives the first sprocket 35 concentric with it to rotate. The rotation of the first sprocket 35 makes the drive chain 36 move through the chain drive cooperation with the second sprocket 37; the movement of the drive chain 36 drives the drive shaft convex 41 installed on the chain pin shaft to move synchronously, and then the drive shaft convex 41 drives the brush plate 38 to move up and down reciprocally through the kidney-shaped groove 39, and then the filter screen 20 is cleaned by the bristles on the brush plate 38, wherein the kidney-shaped groove 39 can compensate for the movement stroke of the drive shaft convex 41.

[0023] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant growth soil environment monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a support rod (3), a base plate (1) is arranged at the bottom of the support rod (3), a first mounting rod (4) is arranged at the top surface of the support rod (3), and a wind vane (5), an anemometer (6) and a louver collection box (7) are successively installed at the top surface of the first mounting rod (4); a second mounting rod (8) and a third mounting rod (9) are installed in the middle and upper part of the first mounting rod (4), and the third mounting rod (9) is located below the second mounting rod (8); cross bars (101) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the third mounting rod (9), and one side of the top surfaces of the two cross bars (101) far away from the third mounting rod (9) is connected to the second mounting rod (8) through inclined struts (10), and a solar panel (11) is installed on the two inclined struts (10); a configuration box (12) with one end open is installed on the support rod (3), and a box cover (13) is arranged at the opening of the configuration box (12); an information collector (22) for receiving and collecting soil environment information is arranged in the configuration box (12).

2. The plant growth soil environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontally arranged first partition board (14) is arranged in the middle and upper part of the configuration box (12), a second partition board (15) perpendicular to it is arranged at the bottom of the first partition board (14), and the second partition board (15) and the first partition board (14) divide the internal cavity of the configuration box (12) into a configuration cavity (16), a first transmission cavity (17) and a second transmission cavity (18), and the second transmission cavity (18) is located above the configuration cavity (16) and the first transmission cavity (17); the information collector (22) is located in the configuration cavity (16), a PLC control panel (42) and a temperature sensor (43) are successively arranged on one side of the information collector (22), and the temperature sensor (43) is connected to the PLC control panel (42) through a wire; the wind vane (5), the anemometer (6) and the louver collection box (7) are connected to the information collector (22) through wires; the solar panel (11) is connected to the information collector (22) and the PLC control panel (42) through wires respectively, and the collector (22) is wirelessly docked with the information receiving end of the user through a wireless terminal.

3. The plant growth soil environment monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A soil temperature and humidity sensor (23), a soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor (50) and a soil pH and conductivity sensor (24) for monitoring the soil are arranged below the configuration box (12), a light intensity detection device (51) is installed on the configuration box (12), a surface temperature and humidity monitoring device (52) is installed at the bottom of the configuration box (12), and the soil temperature and humidity sensor (23), the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor (50), the soil pH and conductivity sensor (24), the light intensity detection device (51) and the surface temperature and humidity monitoring device (52) are respectively connected to the information collector (22) through wires.

4. The plant growth soil environment monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein: A heat dissipation window (19) for dissipating heat and connected to the configuration chamber (16) is provided on one side of the configuration box (12), and a filter (20) for blocking foreign matter is embedded in the heat dissipation window (19); a first transmission shaft (25) arranged along its length direction is provided in the middle of the first transmission chamber (17), and one end of the first transmission shaft (25) extends into the configuration chamber (16) and docks with the central axis of the fan (27); the first transmission shaft (25) is located in the first transmission chamber (17). A first bevel gear (26) is disposed on the shaft section thereof and is concentric with the first bevel gear (26); a second bevel gear (28) is disposed above the first bevel gear (26) and is meshed with the first bevel gear; a second transmission shaft (29) is disposed on the second bevel gear (28) and is concentric with the second bevel gear; one end of the second transmission shaft (29) extends into the second transmission cavity (18) and is axially connected to a power output shaft of an electric motor (31) disposed on the top wall of the second transmission cavity (18); the electric motor (31) is connected to a PLC control panel (42) via a wire.

5. The plant growth soil environment monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second transmission shaft (29) is provided with a third bevel gear (30) concentric with the shaft section located in the second transmission cavity (18); a fourth bevel gear (32) meshing with the third bevel gear (30) is provided on one side of the third bevel gear (30); a third transmission shaft (33) concentric with the fourth bevel gear (32) is provided on the fourth bevel gear (32); one end of the third transmission shaft (33) extends out of the configuration box (12) and is installed with a first sprocket (35); an auxiliary support plate (35) for supporting the third transmission shaft (33) is provided on the top of the first partition plate (14). 34); A second sprocket (37) is mounted on a lower middle portion of a side of the configuration box (12) corresponding to the first sprocket (35) via a hinge shaft and is rotatably connected to the first sprocket (35); the second sprocket (37) is vertically connected to the first sprocket (35) in a vertical position corresponding to the upper and lower positions of the first sprocket (35); the second sprocket (37) is located below the heat dissipation window (19); the second sprocket (37) is coupled to the first sprocket (35) via a transmission chain (36); a drive shaft protrusion (41) concentric with the first sprocket (35) is mounted on the chain pin of the upper chain link of the transmission chain (36).

6. The plant growth soil environment monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The configuration box (12) has a heat dissipation window (19) provided on one side thereof, and two ends thereof are symmetrically provided with T-shaped slide rails (21) arranged along the height direction thereof; the heat dissipation window (19) is located between the two T-shaped slide rails (21); the two T-shaped slide rails (21) are provided with brush plates (38) slidably connected therewith; the brush plates (38) are provided with bristles for cleaning the filter (20) on the side thereof close to the heat dissipation window (19); the brush plates (38) are provided with a T-shaped slide groove (40) slidably connected therewith to cooperate with the T-shaped slide rail (21); the brush plates (38) are provided with a waist-shaped groove (39) extending therethrough; the drive shaft protrusion (41) is located in the waist-shaped groove (39) and is slidably connected therewith; the length of the waist-shaped groove (39) is slightly greater than the travel of the drive shaft protrusion (41) in the width direction.

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