Shock absorber performance test bench
By using linear motors and lifting systems in the shock absorber test bench, the problems of hydraulic oil leakage and amplitude error are solved, and safe, low-cost and high-precision shock absorber detection are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510393782.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
AI Technical Summary
The existing shock absorber test bench has the risk of hydraulic oil leakage, complex structure, high maintenance cost, and large test amplitude error, which cannot meet the high-speed performance requirements.
A linear motor is used as a power source, combined with the lifting system and the guide mechanism, and the tooling strips are directly driven to perform linear movement to avoid hydraulic oil leakage, and to improve detection accuracy and applicability through the guide shaft and cylinder buffer structure.
It realizes safe and low-cost operation without hydraulic oil leakage, reduces the weight and volume of the equipment, improves detection accuracy and applicability, ensures detection accuracy and sensitivity, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120253266A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive parts test equipment, and particularly relates to a shock absorber performance test bench. Background Art
[0002] During the research and manufacturing process of automotive shock absorbers, it is necessary to detect the performance of the shock absorbers. When detecting, the shock absorbers need to be installed on the test bench, and then the test bench is used to apply reciprocating tensile and compressive forces to the shock absorbers to simulate the impact force received by the shock absorbers when the vehicle is running. Then, the vibration amplitude and loading force of the shock absorbers are analyzed to verify the performance of the shock absorbers.
[0003] Currently, the main power sources of shock absorber test benches are hydraulic drive and electric crank connecting rod. Among them, hydraulic drive transmits force through hydraulic oil. Although the power is strong, the seals are prone to aging and wear, and there is a risk of oil leakage. The leaked hydraulic oil will contaminate the tabletop and interfere with the data. Secondly, the hydraulic drive system has many components, is difficult to install and debug, has a high maintenance cost, high operating fuel consumption, and high costs.
[0004] The electric crank connecting rod power source drives the crank to perform circular motion through a motor, and is converted into linear reciprocating motion through the connecting rod to supply energy. However, there are gaps in the crank connecting rod mechanism, resulting in large errors in the test amplitude. Moreover, the intermediate mechanism has a large self-weight, and a large moment of inertia will be generated during the test, making the start and stop of the motion structure inflexible. At the same time, it also causes elastic deformation and backlash, resulting in motion lag and noise during operation, and cannot meet the high-speed performance requirements of shock absorber work performance testing. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to provide a shock absorber performance test bench to solve the problems of the complex structure of the current shock absorber test bench and the risk of hydraulic oil leakage, and at the same time improve the accuracy of amplitude testing.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A shock absorber performance test bench includes a tooling bar, a lifting system, and an electric drive system. The electric drive system includes a bottom plate and a linear motor. The linear motor is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, and the linear motor assembly is used to drive the tooling bar to slide vertically. The lifting system includes a moving crossbeam and a lifting power component. The moving crossbeam is located above the tooling bar. The lifting power component is connected to the moving crossbeam and is used to push the moving crossbeam vertically. A tensile and compressive force sensor is provided at the bottom of the moving crossbeam.
[0007] The beneficial effects of this solution are:
[0008] 1. When testing the shock absorber, the linear motor can directly drive the shock absorber to move linearly as the power source. Compared with the hydraulic drive method, there is no risk of hydraulic oil leakage in the linear motor in this solution, making commissioning, maintenance, and operation safer and less costly. Compared with the electric crank connecting rod, since the drive method of the linear motor in this solution does not require converting rotational motion into linear motion, the structure of the entire device is simpler, and the weight and volume are greatly reduced. Secondly, it can also eliminate various positioning errors generated during the conversion process, so the positioning accuracy is higher, and thus the amplitude of driving the shock absorber to vibrate can be controlled more accurately, improving the detection accuracy.
[0009] 2. The shock absorber in this solution is located between the tooling bar and the tension and compression sensor during testing. Among them, the lifting power component can drive the moving crossbeam to move, thereby changing the distance between the tension and compression sensor and the tooling bar, enabling the test bench in this solution to adapt to shock absorbers of different sizes and having greater applicability.
[0010] 3. The mover of the linear motor in this solution is supported by magnetic levitation, so there is a certain air gap between the mover and the stator of the linear motor and they do not come into direct contact, that is, there is no frictional resistance between the mover and the stator. Therefore, the sensitivity and followability of the electric drive system in this solution are better, the response is faster, and the detection accuracy is further improved. Secondly, the absence of frictional resistance between the mover and the stator also results in extremely low mechanical losses when the linear motor is driving, fewer faults in the electric drive system, effectively reducing the maintenance cost, and also making the test bench in this solution have a long service life and a safe and reliable working process.
[0011] Furthermore, the electric drive system includes an actuator. The actuator includes a cylinder. The cylinder is installed vertically on the base, the piston rod of the cylinder faces upward, and the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the tooling bar.
[0012] The beneficial effect of this solution is that the cylinder in this solution is not used as a power source but as a buffer device to provide support for the tooling bar during testing, ensuring that the initial operating load of the linear motor is zero at the start of testing and improving the detection accuracy.
[0013] Furthermore, the actuator also includes a guide shaft. The guide shaft is arranged vertically, the upper end of the guide shaft is connected to the tooling bar, and the lower end is driven by the linear motor.
[0014] The beneficial effect of this solution is that the guide shaft and the piston of the cylinder are both connected to the tooling bar, which can prevent the tooling bar from tilting and twisting and ensure that the tooling bar always moves in the vertical direction.
[0015] Furthermore, the actuator also includes a fixed seat. The lower end of the guide shaft is arranged on the fixed seat, the mover of the linear motor is connected to the fixed seat, and the fixed seat is slidably matched with the cylinder.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: In this solution, the linear motor drives the fixed seat to slide in the vertical direction, and drives the guiding shaft to slide through the fixed seat to realize the drive of the tooling bar. During the entire operation process, the fixed seat in this solution can slide relative to the cylinder without motion interference with the cylinder. Secondly, during the sliding process of the fixed seat, the cylinder can also guide the sliding of the fixed seat, further ensuring that the tooling bar moves linearly in the vertical direction.
[0017] Furthermore, there are multiple linear motors.
[0018] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: Multiple linear motors can better drive the tooling bar to move and at the same time provide a greater moving speed for the tooling bar.
[0019] Furthermore, the number of linear motors is an even number, and all the linear motors are respectively distributed on both sides of the fixed seat, and the number of linear motors on one side of the fixed seat is the same as that on the other side.
[0020] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: The same number of linear motors on both sides of the fixed seat can provide basically the same thrust on both sides of the fixed seat, further ensuring that the fixed seat slides in the vertical direction.
[0021] Furthermore, contour dampers are provided on both the upper side and the lower side of the fixed seat, and both contour dampers are opposite to the fixed seat.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: When the electric drive system gets out of control, the contour dampers can prevent the fixed seat from colliding with the base and the structure above the fixed seat, thereby avoiding damage to the structure of the test bench and improving the safety of detection at the same time.
[0023] Furthermore, the lifting power component is an electric push rod.
[0024] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: The electric push rod can automatically push the moving crossbeam to slide vertically, thereby changing the height of the moving crossbeam, and the operation is simple. Secondly, after adjustment, the electric push rod can also limit the position of the moving crossbeam.
[0025] Furthermore, the electric drive system also includes a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor is opposite to the fixed seat.
[0026] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: The moving distance of the detector can be quickly determined through the displacement sensor, which is convenient for analyzing the amplitude of the detector.
[0027] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided in the air circuit where the cylinder is located, and the cylinder is connected to an overflow valve.
[0028] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: During the entire detection process, when the tooling bar moves up and down, the piston rod of the cylinder moves synchronously with the tooling bar by inflating or discharging gas into the cylinder. During this process, the pressure sensor can detect the air pressure in the air circuit where the cylinder is located, thereby avoiding excessive gas being introduced into the cylinder. The overflow valve enables the gas in the cylinder to be discharged immediately when the air pressure in the cylinder is too high, so that the air pressure in the cylinder is maintained at a preset value during the entire detection process, avoiding interference with the movement of the tooling bar by the cylinder. Secondly, the cylinder plays a buffering role during the detection process, and also makes the vibration of the entire test bench smaller, thereby avoiding errors in the vibration analysis of the shock absorber due to large vibrations of the test bench, and further improving the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a shock absorber performance test bench in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a perspective view of the detector base in
[0031] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a perspective view of the electric drive system in DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0032] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:
[0033] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: base plate 1, air storage tank 11, displacement sensor 12, contour damper 13, cylinder 2, sliding bearing A21, linear motor base 3, stator 31, rotor 32, fixed seat 4, guide shaft 41, workbench 5, tooling bar 6, moving crossbeam 7, tension and compression sensor 71, electric push rod 72, guide column 73.
[0034] Embodiment
[0035] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 as shown, the present invention discloses a detector base, including an electric drive system. The electric drive system includes a base plate 1, a linear motor, a displacement sensor 12, a sliding bearing A21, and an actuator. The actuator includes a cylinder 2, a fixed seat 4, and two guide shafts 41. The rotor 32 of the linear motor is connected to the fixed seat 4 for driving the fixed seat 4 to slide. The two guide shafts 41 are vertically installed on the fixed seat 4. The cylinder 2 vertically penetrates the fixed seat 4, and the fixed seat 4 is slidably matched with the outer shell of the cylinder 2. The sliding bearing A21 is installed between the fixed seat 4 and the cylinder 2. The piston rod of the cylinder 2 faces upward, and a tooling bar 6 is installed at the top of the piston rod. The tops of the two guide shafts 41 are both fixed to the tooling bar 6.
[0036] Specifically, there are six linear motors, which are evenly divided into two groups. One group is located on the left side of the fixed seat 4, and the other group is located on the right side of the fixed seat 4. The linear motors in the two groups correspond to each other one by one. The linear motor includes a linear motor base 3, a mover 32 and a stator 31. Specifically, in this embodiment, an existing linear motor is adopted, and its specific structure will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The stator 31 is installed on the linear motor base 3 in a back-to-back manner, and the linear motor base 3 is installed on the bottom plate 1; the movers 32 are all connected to the fixed seat 4 and drive the fixed seat 4 to slide in the vertical direction at the same time. The displacement sensor 12 is installed on the linear motor base 3 and is opposite to the fixed seat 4.
[0037] A workbench 5 is horizontally arranged above the linear motor base 3, and a sheet metal housing is installed between the workbench 5 and the bottom plate 1. The tooling strip 6 is located above the workbench 5. The piston rod and the guide shaft 41 of the cylinder 2 penetrate the workbench 5 vertically, and there is a gap between the cylinder 2 and the workbench 5. A sliding bearing B is provided between the guide shaft 41 and the workbench 5 for guiding the sliding of the guide shaft 41.
[0038] Profile dampers 13 are installed on both the bottom plate 1 and the bottom of the workbench 5, and both of the two profile dampers 13 are opposite to the fixed seat 4. Even if the fixed seat 4 gets out of control during the upward or downward sliding process, the fixed seat 4 can collide with the profile damper 13 without being damaged.
[0039] The present invention also discloses a shock absorber performance test bench, which adopts the above-mentioned detector base. In addition, it further includes a lifting system. The lifting system includes a moving crossbeam 7 and a lifting power component. The moving crossbeam 7 is horizontally arranged above the tooling strip 6. There are two lifting power components, and the two lifting power components are respectively located at the left and right parts of the moving crossbeam 7. The lifting power component adopts an electric push rod 72. The lower end of the electric push rod 72 penetrates the workbench 5 and is installed on the bottom plate 1, and the upper end is threadedly connected to the moving crossbeam 7 for driving the moving crossbeam 7 to slide in the vertical direction.
[0040] Guide columns 73 are also vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the fixed seat 4. The lower ends of the guide columns 73 are installed on the moving motor base, and the upper ends penetrate the moving crossbeam 7. The moving crossbeam 7 is slidably matched with the guide columns 73 for guiding the sliding of the moving crossbeam 7. A tension and compression sensor 71 is installed at the bottom of the moving crossbeam 7 through screws. Specifically, the tension and compression sensor 71 is located directly above the tooling strip 6 for measuring the tension and pressure received by the shock absorber.
[0041] In this embodiment, a pneumatic system is also disclosed. The pneumatic system is arranged inside the sheet metal housing and includes an air storage tank 11 and a pneumatic component. The pneumatic component includes an intake air pump and an exhaust air pump. The intake air pump and the exhaust air pump are respectively used for supplying air into the cylinder 2 and discharging the air in the cylinder 2, so as to adjust the buffering effect of the cylinder 2. Specifically, the intake end of the intake air pump and the exhaust end of the exhaust air pump are both connected to the air storage tank 11 through pipelines, and the exhaust end of the intake air pump and the intake end of the exhaust air pump are both connected to the rodless cavity of the cylinder 2 through pipelines. In actual implementation, the pneumatic system may not be provided. At this time, the air in the cylinder 2 can also be discharged or air can be supplied into the cylinder 2 through external structures such as an air pump, so as to adjust the air pressure in the cylinder 2.
[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0043] During detection, the shock absorber is installed between the tooling bar 6 and the tension and compression sensor 71, and by adjusting the pressure of the cylinder 2, the force provided by the cylinder 2 to the tooling bar 6 just neutralizes the gravity of the execution structure when the linear motor is not running, so as to ensure that the initial load during the operation of the linear motor is zero. Then start the linear motor, drive the shock absorber to move up and down reciprocally through the linear motor. During this process, detect the pressure or tension received by the shock absorber through the tension and compression sensor 71, and measure the moving amplitude of the shock absorber through the displacement sensor 12. The thrust of the six linear motors superimposed in this embodiment enables the load to reach 25 KN, the corresponding frequency can reach 100 HZ, and the maximum speed can reach 4 m / s.
[0044] When it is necessary to detect shock absorbers with larger or smaller sizes, the moving crossbeam 7 can be quickly moved up or down through the electric push rod 72, so as to ensure that there is enough space between the moving crossbeam 7 and the tooling bar 6 to install the shock absorber, so that shock absorbers with different sizes can be detected.
[0045] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A shock absorber performance test bench, characterized in that: It includes a tooling bar, a lifting system and an electric drive system. The electric drive system includes a bottom plate and a linear motor. The linear motor is vertically arranged on the bottom plate, and the linear motor assembly is used to drive the tooling bar to slide vertically. The lifting system includes a moving crossbeam and a lifting power component. The moving crossbeam is located above the tooling bar. The lifting power component is connected to the moving crossbeam and is used to push the moving crossbeam vertically. A tension and compression sensor is provided at the bottom of the moving crossbeam.
2. The performance test bench for a shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: The electric drive system includes an actuator. The actuator includes a cylinder. The cylinder is vertically installed on the base. The piston rod of the cylinder faces upward, and the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the tooling bar.
3. The shock absorber performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actuator further includes a guide shaft. The guide shaft is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the guide shaft is connected to the tooling bar, and the lower end is driven by the linear motor.
4. The performance test bench for a shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The actuator further includes a fixed seat. The lower end of the guide shaft is arranged on the fixed seat. The mover of the linear motor is connected to the fixed seat. The fixed seat is slidably matched with the cylinder.
5. The performance test bench for a shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple linear motors.
6. The shock absorber performance test bench according to claim 5, wherein: The number of linear motors is even. All the linear motors are respectively distributed on both sides of the fixed seat, and the number of linear motors on one side of the fixed seat is the same as that on the other side.
7. A shock absorber performance test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: Profile dampers are provided on both the upper side and the lower side of the fixed seat. Both profile dampers face the fixed seat.
8. The performance test bench for a shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting power component is an electric push rod.
9. The performance test bench for a shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric drive system further includes a displacement sensor. The displacement sensor faces the fixed seat.
10. A shock absorber performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided in the air circuit where the cylinder is located, and the cylinder is connected to an overflow valve.