Rail transit vehicle derailment test device and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail transit vehicle derailment test device and a test method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle derailment tests.The rail transit vehicle derailment test device comprises a supporting base used for supporting a rotating assembly; the rotating assembly is used for driving the test assembly to rotate and replacing different tracks for multiple tests; the test assembly is used for carrying out a derailment test; the buffer assembly is used for carrying out buffer protection on the taking assembly; and the adjusting and taking assembly is used for taking down the moving assembly from the test assembly or placing the moving assembly on the test assembly, and is used for adjusting the position of the moving assembly. By arranging the rotating motor, the rotating motor is started to drive the rotating rod to rotate, when the rotating rod rotates, the first connecting column is driven to rotate, then the test bed is driven to rotate, different test rails are replaced, workers do not need to manually disassemble the test rails to replace the test rails, replacement is convenient, the steps of installation and disassembly are omitted, and the working efficiency is improved. And the working efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle derailment test, and particularly relates to a rail transit vehicle derailment test device and a test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit vehicles need to conduct derailment tests to test the influence of different turning angles on vehicle derailment.

[0003] However, for the existing rail transit vehicle derailment test devices, during actual use, different tracks need to be disassembled and replaced according to the influence of different turning angles on derailment during the test. Each time the track is replaced, it needs to be disassembled and replaced, which takes a long time and affects work efficiency. Moreover, frequent disassembly and installation will increase the workload of the staff. And when disassembling the track, the staff needs to remove the test trolley from the track, which further increases the working hours, affects work efficiency, and increases the workload of the staff. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail transit vehicle derailment test device and a test method thereof to solve the above problems, and to overcome the defects of the prior art, as elaborated below.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A rail transit vehicle derailment test device and a test method thereof provided by the present invention include: A support base for supporting a rotating assembly; A rotating assembly for driving a test assembly to rotate and conduct multiple tests by replacing different tracks; A test assembly for conducting derailment tests; A buffer assembly for buffering and protecting a picking and placing assembly; An adjustable picking and placing assembly for removing a moving assembly from the test assembly or placing the moving assembly on the test assembly, and for adjusting the position of the moving assembly; A transmission assembly for driving the picking and placing assembly to move and pick up the moving assembly; A guiding assembly for guiding and limiting the transmission assembly; A connecting assembly for supporting the adjustable picking and placing assembly; A moving assembly for conducting derailment tests.

[0006] Preferably, the support base includes a bottom plate, support legs, and a support plate. The support legs are installed on the bottom plate, and one end of the support legs is connected to the support plate.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a rotating motor, a motor support frame, a bottom leg and a rotating rod. The bottom plate is provided with the bottom leg, one end of the bottom leg is provided with the motor support frame, the motor support frame is provided with the rotating motor, the output end of the rotating motor is provided with the rotating rod, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the support plate through a bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the test assembly includes a test bench, a test track, a first connecting column and a connecting block. The rotating rod is provided with the first connecting column, the first connecting column is provided with the connecting block, the connecting block is provided with a support rod, one end of the support rod is provided with the test bench, and the test bench is provided with the test track.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes a buffer plate, side legs and buffer air bags. The bottom plate is provided with the side legs, one end of the side legs is provided with the buffer plate, and the buffer plate is provided with the buffer air bags.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting and picking component includes an adjusting plate, an electric slide rail, a second connecting column, a top plate and an electromagnet. The connecting component is provided with the adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is provided with the electric slide rail, the electric slide rail is provided with the second connecting column, one end of the second connecting column is provided with the top plate, and the top plate is provided with the electromagnet.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a gear and a rack. The rotating rod is provided with the gear, and the guiding assembly is provided with a rack meshed with the gear.

[0012] Preferably, the guiding assembly includes a first guiding rod, a first guiding ring, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a second guiding ring and a second guiding rod. The bottom plate is provided with the first guiding rod, the top of the bottom plate is provided with the second guiding rod, the first guiding rod is slidably mounted with the first guiding ring, the second guiding rod is slidably mounted with the second guiding ring, the second guiding ring is provided with the second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is connected to the rack, and the second guiding ring is connected to the first guiding ring through the first connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting component includes a top block, a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and a fifth connecting rod. The rack is provided with the fifth connecting rod, the fifth connecting rod is provided with the top block, the top block is provided with the third connecting rod, one end of the third connecting rod is connected to the adjusting plate, one end of the top block is provided with the fourth connecting rod, one end of the fourth connecting rod is connected to the adjusting plate, the moving component includes a test trolley and an iron block, the test trolley is placed on the test track, and the top of the test trolley is provided with an iron block that cooperates with the electromagnet.

[0014] A test method for a derailment test device of a rail transit vehicle, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The electromagnet is activated to adsorb the iron block, the rotating motor is activated to drive the rotating rod to rotate, which can drive the first connecting column to rotate. When the first connecting column rotates, it drives the gear to rotate. When the gear rotates, it drives the rack to move, and then drives the top block to move. When the top block moves, it drives the adjusting plate to rise, thus removing the test trolley from the test track. When the adjusting plate rises, the electric slide rail is activated to drive the test trolley to move and adjust the position of the test trolley so that the test trolley can be aligned with the next group of test tracks; Step 2: When the rotating rod rotates, it drives the first connecting column to rotate, and then drives the test bench to rotate to replace different test tracks. When the teeth on the gear are away from the rack, the rack descends, which drives the adjusting plate and the test trolley to descend, and places the test trolley on the test track. When the adjusting plate descends, it contacts the buffer airbag, and the buffer airbag buffers and protects the adjusting plate, reducing the impact force on the adjusting plate. The test trolley is activated to move on the test track for derailment tests.

[0015] Beneficial effects: 1. According to the derailment test device and its test method of the rail transit vehicle of the present invention, by setting a rotating motor, when the rotating motor is activated, it drives the rotating rod to rotate. When the rotating rod rotates, it drives the first connecting column to rotate, and then drives the test bench to rotate to replace different test tracks. There is no need for staff to manually disassemble the test track to replace it. The replacement is relatively convenient, and the installation and disassembly steps are saved, which can effectively improve work efficiency.

[0016] 2. By setting the gear and the rack to cooperate with each other, when the rotating motor is activated, it drives the rotating rod to rotate. When the rotating rod rotates, it drives the first connecting column to rotate. When the first connecting column rotates, it drives the gear to rotate. When the gear rotates, it drives the rack to move, and then drives the top block to move. When the top block moves, it drives the adjusting plate to rise, thus removing the test trolley from the test track. It is possible to take the test trolley while replacing the test track, and carry out the two working steps simultaneously, which can effectively improve work efficiency. And when the teeth on the gear are separated from the rack, the test trolley can be placed on the new test track. By setting the electromagnet to adsorb the iron block, it is convenient to remove the test trolley from the test track. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the rotating motor structure of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rack structure of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the gear structure of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the first guide rod structure of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the first guide ring structure of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the electromagnet structure of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the iron block structure of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the buffer airbag structure of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings is as follows: 1, (bottom plate); 11, (support leg); 12, (support plate); 2, (rotating motor); 21, (motor support frame); 22, (bottom leg); 23, (rotating rod); 3, (test bench); 31, (test track); 32, (first connecting column); 33, (connecting block); 34, (support rod); 4, (buffer plate); 41, (side leg); 42, (buffer airbag); 5, (adjusting plate); 51, (electric slide rail); 52, (second connecting column); 53, (top plate); 54, (electromagnet); 6, (gear); 61, (rack); 7, (first guide rod); 71, (first guide ring); 72, (first connecting rod); 73, (second connecting rod); 74, (second guide ring); 75, (second guide rod); 8, (top block); 81, (third connecting rod); 82, (fourth connecting rod); 83, (fifth connecting rod); 9, (test trolley); 91, (iron block). Detailed implementation manners

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See Figures 1 - 11As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a derailment test device for rail transit vehicles and a test method thereof, including a support base for supporting a rotating assembly; The rotating assembly is used to drive the test assembly to rotate and conduct multiple tests by replacing different tracks; The test assembly is used to conduct derailment tests; The buffer assembly is used to buffer and protect the picking and placing assembly; The adjustable picking and placing assembly is used to remove the moving assembly from the test assembly or place the moving assembly on the test assembly, and is used to adjust the position of the moving assembly; The transmission assembly is used to drive the picking and placing assembly to move and pick up the moving assembly; The guiding assembly is used to guide and limit the transmission assembly; The connecting assembly is used to support the adjustable picking and placing assembly; The moving assembly is used to conduct derailment tests. The support base includes a bottom plate 1, support legs 11 and a support plate 12. The support legs 11 are installed on the bottom plate 1, and one end of the support legs 11 is connected to the support plate 12. The rotating assembly includes a rotating motor 2, a motor support frame 21, bottom legs 22 and a rotating rod 23. The bottom legs 22 are installed on the bottom plate 1, one end of the bottom legs 22 is installed with the motor support frame 21, the rotating motor 2 is installed on the motor support frame 21, the output end of the rotating motor 2 is installed with the rotating rod 23, and the rotating rod 23 is rotatably connected to the support plate 12 through a bearing. The test assembly includes a test bench 3, a test track 31, a first connecting column 32 and a connecting block 33. The first connecting column 32 is installed on the rotating rod 23, the connecting block 33 is installed on the first connecting column 32, a support rod 34 is installed on the connecting block 33, one end of the support rod 34 is installed with the test bench 3, and the test track 31 is installed on the test bench 3. By setting the rotating motor 2, when the rotating motor 2 starts, it drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate. When the rotating rod 23 rotates, it drives the first connecting column 32 to rotate, and then drives the test bench 3 to rotate to replace different test tracks 31. There is no need for staff to manually disassemble the test track 31 to replace it. The replacement is relatively convenient, and the installation and disassembly steps are saved, which can effectively improve work efficiency. By setting the cooperation of the bottom plate 1, the support plate 12 and the support legs 11, it is convenient to support the rotating rod 23. By setting the cooperation of the motor support frame 21 and the bottom legs 22, it is convenient to support the rotating motor 2. By setting the support rod 34, it is convenient to support the test bench 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the buffer assembly includes a buffer plate 4, side legs 41 and buffer airbags 42. The side legs 41 are installed on the bottom plate 1. One end of the side legs 41 is installed with the buffer plate 4, and the buffer airbags 42 are installed on the buffer plate 4. By setting the buffer airbags 42, it is possible to buffer and protect the descending adjusting plate 5, and it is convenient to reduce the impact force between the adjusting plate 5 and the test trolley 9. By setting the side legs 41, it is convenient to support the buffer plate 4 and the buffer airbags 42.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, the adjustment and picking component includes an adjustment plate 5, an electric slide rail 51, a second connecting column 52, a top plate 53, and an electromagnet 54. The adjustment plate 5 is installed on the connecting component. The electric slide rail 51 is installed on the adjustment plate 5. The second connecting column 52 is installed on the electric slide rail 51. One end of the second connecting column 52 is installed with the top plate 53, and the electromagnet 54 is installed on the top plate 53. The transmission component includes a gear 6 and a rack 61. The gear 6 is installed on the rotating rod 23, and the rack 61 meshed with the gear 6 is installed on the guiding component. The guiding component includes a first guiding rod 7, a first guiding ring 71, a first connecting rod 72, a second connecting rod 73, a second guiding ring 74, and a second guiding rod 75. The first guiding rod 7 is installed on the bottom plate 1, and the second guiding rod 75 is installed on the top of the bottom plate 1. The first guiding ring 71 is slidably installed on the first guiding rod 7, and the second guiding ring 74 is slidably installed on the second guiding rod 75. The second connecting rod 73 is installed on the second guiding ring 74, and one end of the second connecting rod 73 is connected to the rack 61. The second guiding ring 74 is connected to the first guiding ring 71 through the first connecting rod 72. The connecting component includes a top block 8, a third connecting rod 81, a fourth connecting rod 82, and a fifth connecting rod 83. The fifth connecting rod 83 is installed on the rack 61, the top block 8 is installed on the fifth connecting rod 83, the third connecting rod 81 is installed on the top block 8, and one end of the third connecting rod 81 is connected to the adjustment plate 5. One end of the top block 8 is installed with the fourth connecting rod 82, and one end of the fourth connecting rod 82 is connected to the adjustment plate 5. The moving component includes a test trolley 9 and an iron block 91. The test trolley 9 is placed on the test track 31, and the iron block 91 cooperating with the electromagnet 54 is installed on the top of the test trolley 9. By setting the gear 6 and the rack 61 to cooperate with each other, when the rotating motor 2 starts to drive the rotating rod 23 to rotate, when the rotating rod 23 rotates, it drives the first connecting column 32 to rotate. When the first connecting column 32 rotates, it drives the gear 6 to rotate. When the gear 6 rotates, it drives the rack 61 to move, and then drives the top block 8 to move. When the top block 8 moves, it drives the adjustment plate 5 to rise and thus removes the test trolley 9 from the test track 31. It can pick up the test trolley 9 while replacing the test track 31, and carry out the two working steps simultaneously, which can effectively improve the working efficiency. And when the teeth on the gear 6 are separated from the rack 61, the test trolley 9 can be placed on the new test track 31. By setting the electromagnet 54 to adsorb the iron block 91, it is convenient to remove the test trolley 9 from the test track 31. By setting the first guiding ring 71 to be slidably connected with the first guiding rod 7 and the second guiding ring 74 to be slidably connected with the second guiding rod 75, it is convenient to guide and limit the rack 61. By setting the second connecting column 52, it can support the top plate 53. By setting the fifth connecting rod 83, the top block 8, the third connecting rod 81, and the fourth connecting rod 82 to cooperate with each other, it is convenient to support the adjustment plate 5.

[0024] A test method for a derailment test device of a rail transit vehicle includes the following steps: Step 1: The electromagnet 54 is activated to adsorb the iron block 91, the rotating motor 2 is activated to drive the rotating rod 23 to rotate, which can further drive the first connecting column 32 to rotate. When the first connecting column 32 rotates, it drives the gear 6 to rotate. When the gear 6 rotates, it drives the rack 61 to move, which further drives the top block 8 to move. When the top block 8 moves, it drives the adjusting plate 5 to rise, thereby removing the test trolley 9 from the test track 31. When the adjusting plate 5 rises, the electric slide rail 51 is activated to drive the test trolley 9 to move and adjust the position of the test trolley 9 so that the test trolley 9 can be aligned with the next group of test tracks 31; Step 2: When the rotating rod 23 rotates, it drives the first connecting column 32 to rotate, which further drives the test bench 3 to rotate to replace different test tracks 31. When the teeth on the gear 6 are away from the rack 61, the rack 61 descends, which further drives the adjusting plate 5 and the test trolley 9 to descend. The test trolley 9 is placed on the test track 31. When the adjusting plate 5 descends, it contacts the buffer airbag 42, and the buffer airbag 42 buffers and protects the adjusting plate 5 to reduce the impact force on the adjusting plate 5. The test trolley 9 is activated to move on the test track 31 for derailment test.

[0025] In summary, in this embodiment, according to the derailment test device and test method for rail transit vehicles of this embodiment, by setting the rotating motor 2, when the rotating motor 2 starts, it drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate. When the rotating rod 23 rotates, it drives the first connecting column 32 to rotate, and then drives the test bench 3 to rotate to replace different test tracks 31. There is no need for staff to manually disassemble the test track 31 to replace it. The replacement is relatively convenient, and the installation and disassembly steps are saved, which can effectively improve work efficiency. By setting the bottom plate 1, the support plate 12 and the support legs 11 to cooperate with each other, it is convenient to support the rotating rod 23. By setting the motor support frame 21 and the bottom legs 22 to cooperate with each other, it is convenient to support the rotating motor 2. By setting the support rod 34, it is convenient to support the test bench 3. By setting the buffer airbag 42, it can buffer and protect the descending adjusting plate 5, which is convenient to reduce the impact force on the adjusting plate 5 and the test trolley 9. By setting the side legs 41, it is convenient to support the buffer plate 4 and the buffer airbag 42. By setting the gear 6 to cooperate with the rack 61, when the rotating motor 2 starts, it drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate. When the rotating rod 23 rotates, it drives the first connecting column 32 to rotate. When the first connecting column 32 rotates, it drives the gear 6 to rotate. When the gear 6 rotates, it drives the rack 61 to move, and then drives the top block 8 to move. When the top block 8 moves, it drives the adjusting plate 5 to rise and take the test trolley 9 off the test track 31. It can take the test trolley 9 while replacing the test track 31, and perform the two working steps simultaneously, which can effectively improve work efficiency. And when the teeth on the gear 6 are separated from the rack 61, the test trolley 9 can be placed on the new test track 31. By setting the electromagnet 54 to adsorb the iron block 91, it is convenient to take the test trolley 9 off the test track 31. By setting the first guide ring 71 to be slidably connected with the first guide rod 7, and the second guide ring 74 to be slidably connected with the second guide rod 75, it is convenient to guide and limit the rack 61. By setting the second connecting column 52, it can support the top plate 53. By setting the fifth connecting rod 83, the top block 8, the third connecting rod 81 and the fourth connecting rod 82 to cooperate with each other, it is convenient to support the adjusting plate 5.

[0026] As certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to particular components. Those skilled in the art should understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. The specification and claims do not use the difference in name as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in function of the components as the criterion for distinction. As the term "comprising" mentioned throughout the specification and claims is an open term, it should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". "Substantially" means within an acceptable error range. Those skilled in the art can solve technical problems within a certain error range and basically achieve the technical effect.

[0027] It should be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a commodity or system comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such commodity or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the commodity or system comprising the element.

[0028] The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously mentioned, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the above teachings or the techniques or knowledge in the relevant field. Any modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A derailment test device for rail transit vehicles, characterized in that Comprising: A support base for supporting a rotating assembly; A rotating assembly for driving a test assembly to rotate and perform multiple tests by changing different tracks; A test assembly for performing derailment tests; A buffer assembly for buffering and protecting a picking and placing assembly; An adjusting picking and placing assembly for removing a moving assembly from the test assembly or placing the moving assembly on the test assembly, and for adjusting the position of the moving assembly; A transmission assembly for driving the picking and placing assembly to move and pick up the moving assembly; A guiding assembly for guiding and limiting the transmission assembly; A connecting assembly for supporting the adjusting picking and placing assembly; A moving assembly for performing derailment tests.

2. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that The support base includes a bottom plate (1), support legs (11) and a support plate (12). The support legs (11) are installed on the bottom plate (1), and one end of the support legs (11) is connected to the support plate (12).

3. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 2, wherein, The rotating assembly includes a rotating motor (2), a motor support frame (21), bottom legs (22) and a rotating rod (23). The bottom legs (22) are installed on the bottom plate (1), one end of the bottom legs (22) is installed with the motor support frame (21), the rotating motor (2) is installed on the motor support frame (21), the output end of the rotating motor (2) is installed with the rotating rod (23), and the rotating rod (23) is rotatably connected to the support plate (12) through a bearing.

4. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 3, wherein, The test assembly includes a test bench (3), a test track (31), a first connecting column (32) and a connecting block (33). The first connecting column (32) is installed on the rotating rod (23), the connecting block (33) is installed on the first connecting column (32), a support rod (34) is installed on the connecting block (33), one end of the support rod (34) is installed with the test bench (3), and the test track (31) is installed on the test bench (3).

5. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The buffer assembly includes a buffer plate (4), side legs (41) and buffer air bags (42). The side legs (41) are installed on the bottom plate (1), one end of the side legs (41) is installed with the buffer plate (4), and the buffer air bags (42) are installed on the buffer plate (4).

6. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that The adjusting picking and placing assembly includes an adjusting plate (5), an electric slide rail (51), a second connecting column (52), a top plate (53) and an electromagnet (54). The adjusting plate (5) is installed on the connecting assembly, the electric slide rail (51) is installed on the adjusting plate (5), the second connecting column (52) is installed on the electric slide rail (51), one end of the second connecting column (52) is installed with the top plate (53), and the electromagnet (54) is installed on the top plate (53).

7. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 6, wherein The transmission assembly includes a gear (6) and a rack (61). The gear (6) is installed on the rotating rod (23), and the rack (61) meshed with the gear (6) is installed on the guiding assembly.

8. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 7, wherein, The guiding component includes a first guiding rod (7), a first guiding ring (71), a first connecting rod (72), a second connecting rod (73), a second guiding ring (74) and a second guiding rod (75). The first guiding rod (7) is installed on the bottom plate (1), and the second guiding rod (75) is installed on the top of the bottom plate (1). The first guiding ring (71) is slidably installed on the first guiding rod (7), and the second guiding ring (74) is slidably installed on the second guiding rod (75). The second connecting rod (73) is installed on the second guiding ring (74), and one end of the second connecting rod (73) is connected to the rack (61). The second guiding ring (74) is connected to the first guiding ring (71) through the first connecting rod (72).

9. The derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 8, wherein, The connecting component includes a top block (8), a third connecting rod (81), a fourth connecting rod (82) and a fifth connecting rod (83). The fifth connecting rod (83) is installed on the rack (61), and the top block (8) is installed on the fifth connecting rod (83). The third connecting rod (81) is installed on the top block (8), and one end of the third connecting rod (81) is connected to the adjusting plate (5). One end of the top block (8) is installed with the fourth connecting rod (82), and one end of the fourth connecting rod (82) is connected to the adjusting plate (5). The moving component includes a test trolley (9) and an iron block (91). The test trolley (9) is placed on the test track (31), and the iron block (91) that cooperates with the electromagnet (54) is installed on the top of the test trolley (9).

10. The test method of a derailment test device for rail transit vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: The electromagnet (54) is activated to adsorb the iron block (91), and the rotary motor (2) is activated to drive the rotating rod (23) to rotate, which can drive the first connecting column (32) to rotate. When the first connecting column (32) rotates, it drives the gear (6) to rotate. When the gear (6) rotates, it drives the rack (61) to move, which drives the top block (8) to move. When the top block (8) moves, it drives the adjusting plate (5) to rise, and the test trolley (9) is removed from the test track (31). When the adjusting plate (5) rises, the electric slide rail (51) is activated to drive the test trolley (9) to move and adjust the position of the test trolley (9) so that the test trolley (9) can be aligned with the next group of test tracks (31). Step 2: When the rotating rod (23) rotates, it drives the first connecting column (32) to rotate, which drives the test bench (3) to rotate to replace different test tracks (31). When the teeth on the gear (6) are away from the rack (61), the rack (61) descends, which drives the adjusting plate (5) and the test trolley (9) to descend. The test trolley (9) is placed on the test track (31). When the adjusting plate (5) descends, it contacts the buffer airbag (42), and the buffer airbag (42) buffers and protects the adjusting plate (5) to reduce the impact force on the adjusting plate (5). The test trolley (9) is activated to move on the test track (31) for derailment test.

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