Self-feedback differential settlement test system and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-feedback differential settlement test system and a test method, and relates to the technical field of road settlement test.The system comprises a test chamber and two soil samples, and further comprises a reaction frame fixedly installed in the test chamber, a vibration table is fixedly installed on the reaction frame, a refrigeration base is fixedly installed on the vibration table, and the refrigeration base is fixedly connected with the test chamber; the refrigeration base is used for placing two soil samples, two loading assemblies are arranged on the reaction frame, and the loading assemblies are used for applying vertical loads to the soil samples; comprising the following steps: S1, carrying out comprehensive inspection on a whole set of experiment system before a test is started; the device has the advantages that the interface friction force of a soil sample under different variables and deformation and stress generated in the interface shearing process can be tested, obtained test data are more comprehensive and more accord with the actual situation, meanwhile, the influence of the friction force on a test result in the test process can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the test result is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of road settlement testing, and particularly relates to a self-feed differential settlement testing system and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] The reconstruction and expansion of existing roads is one of the key directions for the development of highway engineering. It can greatly relieve traffic pressure from a functional perspective, and at the same time can greatly save costs and contribute to economic development. At present, in reconstruction and expansion projects, the existing roadbeds, bridges, tunnels, etc. are mainly widened to increase the traffic lanes of the existing roads. During road widening, steps are often excavated on the embankment slopes of the existing roadbeds, and then re-filling is carried out on both sides of the existing roadbeds. After the filling is completed, the top surface of the road is widened.

[0003] During the filling process, there is a contact surface between the roadbeds of the new and old roads. Although steps are provided on the embankment slopes of the old roadbeds, the entire filling width is much larger than the width of the steps. In terms of proportion, there is an obvious contact surface in the new and old filling projects. The stability of the contact surface has an important impact on the safe operation of the newly widened highway. The main manifestation is that after sliding occurs on the interface between the new and old filling projects, cracks appear at the top of the filled roadbed, and then the entire road surface cracks. After the road surface cracks, rainwater and the like can easily penetrate into the roadbed through the cracks, posing a serious threat to the safety of the entire roadbed.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a self-feed differential settlement testing system and a testing method for testing the differential settlement and the shear force parameters of the contact surface of adjacent different rock and soil masses, providing direct technical guidance for the reconstruction and expansion of highway engineering, and ensuring the safe operation of the reconstructed and expanded roads in the later stage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-feed differential settlement testing system and a testing method, which solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A self-feed differential settlement testing system includes a testing chamber and two soil samples, and further includes: A reaction frame fixedly installed in the testing chamber. A shaking table is fixedly installed on the reaction frame, and a refrigeration base is fixedly installed on the shaking table. The refrigeration base is used for placing the two soil samples. Two loading components are provided on the reaction frame, and the loading components are used for applying vertical loads to the soil samples; The support and testing unit is used to position and support two soil samples and test the interfacial shear force and lateral deformation of the two soil samples under different loads. The support and testing unit includes two clamping plates installed on the reaction frame through an adjustment component. A plurality of vertical rods are fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the two clamping plates. A plurality of testing units are arranged on each vertical rod. Greasing components and simulation components are provided on both clamping plates. The greasing component is used to coat grease at the contact position between the soil sample and the clamping plate. The simulation component is used to provide simulated support for the side of the soil sample. A driving component for driving the greasing component and the simulation component is provided on the clamping plate; The refrigeration equipment is used to refrigerate the soil sample, and the refrigeration equipment is installed in the test room; The humidification equipment is used to control the humidity of the soil sample, and the humidification equipment is installed on the refrigeration equipment; The temperature control equipment is used to control the temperature in the test room, and the temperature control equipment is installed on the side wall of the test room.

[0007] Further, the adjustment component is composed of a servo motor, a bidirectional lead screw, two mounting rods and two connecting rods. The two mounting rods are both fixedly installed on the reaction frame. The servo motor is fixedly installed on one of the reaction frames. The bidirectional lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor. The two connecting rods are both threadedly installed on the bidirectional lead screw, and the two connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping plates.

[0008] Further, the loading component is composed of a loading cylinder and a top cap. The loading cylinder is fixedly installed on the reaction frame. The top cap is fixedly connected to the output end of the loading cylinder, and the top cap corresponds to the position of the soil sample.

[0009] Further, the greasing component is composed of a storage cavity, a first piston plate and a plurality of nozzles. The storage cavity is opened in the clamping plate. The first piston plate is hermetically and slidably installed in the storage cavity. The plurality of nozzles are all fixedly installed at one end of the clamping plate close to the soil sample, and one end of each nozzle located in the storage cavity is slidably and hermetically matched with the first piston plate.

[0010] Further, the simulation component is composed of a side plate, an air bag, a pressure box, a connecting pipe and a second piston plate. A plurality of side plates are fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping plate. An air bag is installed at one end of each side plate close to the soil sample. A pressure box is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping plate far from the soil sample. The second piston plate is hermetically and slidably installed in the pressure box. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected between one end of the pressure box far from the clamping plate and the corresponding air bag.

[0011] Further, the driving assembly is composed of a first push rod, a second push rod, a contact plate and a spring. The contact plate is slidably installed at one end of the clamping plate close to the soil sample. The first push rod is fixedly installed between the contact plate and the first piston plate, and the first push rod is in sealed sliding connection with the clamping plate. The spring is installed between the contact plate and the clamping plate. The second push rod is fixedly installed between the first piston plate and the second piston plate, and the second push rod is in sealed sliding connection with both the clamping plate and the pressure box.

[0012] Further, the refrigeration device is composed of a refrigeration body, a coolant outlet, a coolant inlet, a coolant addition port, a control panel and a discharge port. The coolant outlet and the coolant inlet are both fixedly connected between the refrigeration body and the refrigeration base. The coolant addition port is arranged at the upper end of the refrigeration body. The discharge port is arranged on the side wall of the refrigeration body. The control panel is installed at the front end of the refrigeration body.

[0013] Further, the humidification device is composed of a humidification body, a digital display panel, an adjustment knob, a water storage tank, a water outlet pipe, a waste water tank and a drain pipe. The digital display panel and the adjustment knob are both arranged at the front end of the humidification body. The water storage tank and the waste water tank are both arranged inside the humidification body. The water outlet pipe is connected between the water storage tank and the refrigeration base. The waste water tank is connected between the waste water tank and the refrigeration base.

[0014] Further, a sealed door is hinged to the front end of the test chamber. A ventilation fan is installed at the top of the test chamber, and a ventilation slot matching the ventilation fan is opened at the top of the test chamber. The temperature control device is composed of a temperature control box, a display screen, a temperature control knob, a wiring duct and a heating sheet. The heating sheet is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the test chamber. The display screen and the temperature control knob are both installed at the front end of the temperature control box. The wiring duct is installed between the heating sheet and the temperature control box.

[0015] A self-feed differential settlement test method, using the above self-feed differential settlement test system, includes the following steps: S1: Before the test starts, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the entire experimental system. First, check whether the loading cylinder, servo motor, refrigeration device, humidification device and temperature control device can operate normally. If they can operate normally, the experimental preparation can be started. If there are abnormal operation problems, solve the abnormal problems first. S2: Take two square soil samples with dimensions of 100mm×100mm×200mm in length, width and height, and take a permeable stone with dimensions of 200mm×100mm×20mm. Place the permeable stone on the refrigeration base, and then place the two soil samples side by side above the permeable stone, and use a marker pen to equally divide the soil sample with a height of 200mm into 20 parts. S3: Start the servo motor to rotate the bidirectional lead screw to drive the two clamping plates to approach each other, realizing the propulsion and positioning of the two soil samples. When the clamping plate approaches the soil sample, the contact plate on it first contacts the soil sample. During the continuous movement of the clamping plate, the contact plate moves towards one end close to the clamping plate against the elastic force of the spring. At this time, the grease in the storage cavity is extruded from multiple nozzles under pressure and coated on the position where the soil sample is about to contact the clamping plate. At the same time, multiple air bags start to expand and maintain flexible support for the side of the soil sample when the clamping plate completes the fixation of the soil sample; S4: Start two loading cylinders to apply the same vertical load to the two soil samples, test the settlement of the soil samples under different loads, adjust the load magnitudes applied by the two loading cylinders, and the interfacial shear force of the two soil samples can be tested. By starting the refrigeration equipment, the settlement of the soil samples in the freeze-thaw environment can be tested. By starting the humidification equipment, the settlement of the soil samples in different humidity environments can be tested. By starting the temperature control equipment, the settlement of the soil samples at different temperatures can be tested. By starting the shaking table, the settlement of the soil samples in the dynamic environment can be tested. When testing the settlement of the soil samples in the dynamic environment, first remove the permeable stone from the refrigeration base; S5: According to the test data under different variable conditions, obtain the differential settlement test results of the soil samples. After the experiment, first ensure whether all test data is saved, then raise the temperature in the test room to room temperature, then turn off the humidification equipment and the temperature control equipment, then start the ventilation fan for ventilation treatment, then let the loading cylinders rise and reset, and finally open the sealed door to take out the soil samples completely and measure the deformation of the side of the soil samples according to the set marks. The entire experimental process is completed.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1: Through the cooperation of the loading component and the displacement sensors arranged on multiple sides, the interfacial friction of different rock and soil masses, as well as the deformation and stress generated during the interfacial shear process, can be tested. At the same time, different experimental variables can be adjusted, and the obtained test data is more comprehensive and more in line with the actual situation, which can provide direct technical guidance for the reconstruction and expansion of highway projects and ensure the operation safety of the reconstructed and expanded roads in the later stage.

[0017] 2: Through the cooperation of the clamping plate and the grease coating component, the two soil samples can be effectively fixed and the contact surfaces of the two can be stably fitted. At the same time, the contact surface between the soil sample and the clamping plate can be lubricated during the fixation process to avoid the influence of the friction between the two on the accuracy of the test results.

[0018] 3: Through the design of the simulation component, during the process of using the clamping plate to fix the soil sample, a stable flexible support can be automatically provided for the side of the soil sample, which can better simulate the actual situation of the soil sample in the road, and further improve the matching degree between the test results and the actual situation.

[0019] In summary, the present invention can test the interfacial friction of soil samples under different variables, as well as the deformation and stress generated during the interfacial shear process. The obtained test data is more comprehensive and more in line with the actual situation. At the same time, the influence of friction during the test on the test results can be eliminated, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a self-feed differential settlement test system proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram after the sealing door in is opened; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 4 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the shaking table in ; Figure 5 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the refrigeration equipment in ; Figure 6 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the humidifying equipment in ; Figure 7 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control equipment in ; Figure 8 is Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the structure with the clamping plate removed in ; Figure 9 is Figure 4 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the clamping plate in ; Figure 10 is Figure 9 a schematic diagram of another perspective of the structure at one of the clamping plates; Figure 11 is Figure 10 the front view of ; Figure 12 is Figure 11 a schematic diagram of the structure of the A-A plane in ; Figure 13 is Figure 12 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part a in .

[0021] In the figure: 1. Test chamber; 2. Soil sample; 3. Reaction frame; 4. Shaking table; 5. Refrigeration base; 6. Loading cylinder; 7. Top cap; 8. Installation rod; 9. Servo motor; 10. Bi-directional lead screw; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Clamp; 13. Vertical rod; 14. Test unit; 15. Refrigeration equipment; 151. Refrigeration body; 152. Coolant outlet; 153. Coolant inlet; 154. Coolant filling port; 155. Control panel; 156. Drain port; 16. Humidifying equipment; 161. Humidifying body; 162. Digital display panel; 163. Adjusting knob; 164. Water storage tank; 165. Water outlet pipe; 166. Waste water tank; 167. Drain pipe; 17. Temperature control equipment; 171. Temperature control box; 172. Display screen; 173. Temperature control knob; 174. Cable duct; 18. Sealed door; 19. Ventilation fan; 20. Ventilation slot; 21. Storage cavity; 22. Sprinkler head; 23. Piston plate 1; 24. Push rod 1; 25. Contact plate; 26. Spring; 27. Side plate; 28. Air bag; 29. Pressure box; 30. Connecting pipe; 31. Piston plate 2; 32. Push rod 2. Specific implementation manner

[0022] Refer to Figures 1-13 , a self-feed differential settlement test system, including a test chamber 1 and two soil samples 2, and further including a reaction frame 3 fixedly installed in the test chamber 1. The reaction frame 3 is used to provide stable support to ensure the balance of the reaction force during the loading process. A shaking table 4 is fixedly installed on the reaction frame 3. The shaking table 4 is an existing product, which is used to simulate vibration conditions and apply dynamic loads during its operation to study the influence of vibration on the settlement of the soil sample 2. The specific structure and working principle are not elaborated here.

[0023] A refrigeration base 5 is fixedly installed on the shaking table 4. The refrigeration base 5 is used to place the two soil samples 2, and the refrigeration base 5 can adjust the temperature of the soil sample 2 to conduct tests in a low-temperature environment. There is refrigeration equipment 15. The refrigeration equipment 15 is used to refrigerate the soil sample 2. The refrigeration equipment 15 is installed in the test chamber 1. The refrigeration equipment 15 is composed of a refrigeration body 151, a coolant outlet 152, a coolant inlet 153, a coolant filling port 154, a control panel 155 and a drain port 156. Both the coolant outlet 152 and the coolant inlet 153 are fixedly connected between the refrigeration body 151 and the refrigeration base 5. The coolant filling port 154 is arranged at the upper end of the refrigeration body 151, and the drain port 156 is arranged on the side wall of the refrigeration body 151. The control panel 155 is installed at the front end of the refrigeration body 151. The design of the refrigeration equipment 15 is for the flow of coolant between the refrigeration body 151 and the refrigeration base 5.

[0024] The humidifying device 16 is used to control the humidity of the soil sample 2. The humidifying device 16 is installed on the refrigeration device 15. The humidifying device 16 is composed of a humidifying body 161, a digital display panel 162, an adjustment knob 163, a water storage tank 164, a water outlet pipe 165, a waste water tank 166, and a drain pipe 167. The digital display panel 162 and the adjustment knob 163 are both arranged at the front end of the humidifying body 161. The water storage tank 164 and the waste water tank 166 are both arranged inside the humidifying body 161. The water outlet pipe 165 is connected between the water storage tank 164 and the refrigeration base 5. The waste water tank 166 is connected between the waste water tank 166 and the refrigeration base 5. The design of the humidifying device 16 is used to carry out the flow and extraction of water in the refrigeration base 5, so as to control the humidity of the soil sample 2. At the same time, in cooperation with the use of the refrigeration device 15, the soil sample 2 can be tested in a freeze-thaw environment.

[0025] The temperature control device 17 is used to control the temperature in the test chamber 1. The temperature control device 17 is installed on the side wall of the test chamber 1. The temperature control device 17 is composed of a temperature control box 171, a display screen 172, a temperature control knob 173, a wiring duct 174, and a heating element. The heating element is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the test chamber 1. The display screen 172 and the temperature control knob 173 are both installed at the front end of the temperature control box 171. The wiring duct 174 is installed between the heating element and the temperature control box 171. The temperature control device 17 is used to test the soil sample 2 in a high-temperature environment.

[0026] There are two loading components on the reaction frame 3. The loading components are used to apply a vertical load to the soil sample 2. The loading components are composed of a loading cylinder 6 and a top cap 7. The loading cylinder 6 is fixedly installed on the reaction frame 3. The top cap 7 is fixedly connected to the output end of the loading cylinder 6, and the top cap 7 corresponds to the position of the soil sample 2. When the loading cylinder 6 operates, a uniform load is applied to the upper surface of the soil sample 2 through the top cap 7.

[0027] The support test part is used to position and support two soil samples 2 and test the interface shear force and lateral deformation of the two soil samples 2 under different loads. The support test part includes two clamping plates 12 installed on the reaction frame 3 through an adjustment component. A plurality of vertical rods 13 are fixedly installed at the bottom of each of the two clamping plates 12. A plurality of test units 14 are arranged on each vertical rod 13. The test unit 14 is an existing displacement sensor. When the soil sample 2 settles under the action of a load, the settlement amount of different points on the side of the soil sample 2 can be obtained through the data change of the displacement sensor. The displacement sensor is an existing product, and its working principle and specific structure are not described here. When the two clamping plates 12 are attached to each other, they form a square shape, which is used to fix the upper ends of the two soil samples 2 and make the two soil samples 2 effectively fit together.

[0028] The adjusting component consists of a servo motor 9, a bidirectional lead screw 10, two mounting rods 8 and two connecting rods 11. Both of the two mounting rods 8 are fixedly installed on the reaction frame 3. The servo motor 9 is fixedly installed on one of the reaction frames 3. The bidirectional lead screw 10 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 9. Both of the two connecting rods 11 are threadedly installed on the bidirectional lead screw 10, and the two connecting rods 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping plates 12. The servo motor 9 is an existing product, and its working principle and specific structure will not be elaborated here. The servo motor 9 can rotate in different directions as needed, so that the bidirectional lead screw 10 drives the two clamping plates 12 to approach or move away from each other, realizing the fixing and separating actions of the soil sample 2.

[0029] Both of the two clamping plates 12 are provided with a grease coating component and a simulation component. The grease coating component is used to coat grease at the contact position between the soil sample 2 and the clamping plate 12. Since the soil sample 2 will move relative to the clamping plate 12 when a load is applied to the soil sample 2, in order to coat grease at the contact position between the soil sample 2 and the clamping plate 12, the friction between the soil sample 2 and the clamping plate 12 can be effectively avoided from affecting the settlement measurement result, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0030] The simulation component is used to provide simulated support for the side of the soil sample 2. The side of the roadbed is supported by soil in the real environment, rather than fixed support. Therefore, the use of simulated support can further improve the matching degree between the test result and the actual data.

[0031] The grease coating component consists of a storage cavity 21, a first piston plate 23 and a plurality of nozzles 22. The storage cavity 21 is opened in the clamping plate 12. The first piston plate 23 is hermetically and slidably installed in the storage cavity 21. The plurality of nozzles 22 are all fixedly installed at one end of the clamping plate 12 close to the soil sample 2, and one end of each nozzle 22 located in the storage cavity 21 is slidably and hermetically fitted with the first piston plate 23. When the first piston plate 23 moves away from the soil sample 2 in the storage cavity 21, the grease contained in the storage cavity 21 can be extruded through the plurality of nozzles 22. And with the clamping action of the clamping plate 12 on the soil sample 2, the extruded grease will spread out under the extrusion action. Thus, when the clamping plate 12 contacts the soil sample 2, the coating process of the grease at the contact position between the soil sample 2 and the clamping plate 12 is automatically completed without additional operation by the experimenter. An adding port is opened at the top of the clamping plate 12, and the adding port is located at one end of the storage cavity 21 away from the soil sample 2. A sealing plug is hermetically provided on the adding port. The design of the adding port is used to supplement the grease in the storage cavity 21.

[0032] The simulation component is composed of a side plate 27, an airbag 28, a pressure box 29, a connecting pipe 30, and a second piston plate 31. A plurality of side plates 27 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping plate 12. An airbag 28 is installed at one end of each side plate 27 close to the soil sample 2. A pressure box 29 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping plate 12 away from the soil sample 2. The second piston plate 31 is hermetically and slidably installed in the pressure box 29. A connecting pipe 30 is fixedly connected between the end of the pressure box 29 away from the clamping plate 12 and the corresponding airbag 28. When the second piston plate 31 moves away from the soil sample 2 in the pressure box 29, the gas in the pressure box 29 can be input into the airbag 28 through the connecting pipe 30, so that the airbag 28 expands to provide flexible support for the side of the soil sample 2.

[0033] A driving component for driving the grease coating component and the simulation component is provided on the clamping plate 12. The driving component is composed of a first push rod 24, a second push rod 32, a contact plate 25, and a spring 26. The contact plate 25 is slidably installed at one end of the clamping plate 12 close to the soil sample 2. The first push rod 24 is fixedly installed between the contact plate 25 and the first piston plate 23, and the first push rod 24 is hermetically and slidably connected to the clamping plate 12. The spring 26 is installed between the contact plate 25 and the clamping plate 12. The second push rod 32 is fixedly installed between the first piston plate 23 and the second piston plate 31, and the second push rod 32 is hermetically and slidably connected to both the clamping plate 12 and the pressure box 29. When the clamping plate 12 clamps and fixes the soil sample 2, the contact plate 25 will first contact the soil sample 2 and drive the first piston plate 23 and the second piston plate 31 to move away from the soil sample 2 at the same time under the continuous movement of the clamping plate 12. At this time, the driving for the operation of the grease coating component and the simulation component can be automatically provided without an additional power source, reducing the experimental cost and having a high degree of automation.

[0034] A sealing door 18 is hinged to the front end of the test chamber 1. A ventilation fan 19 is installed on the top of the test chamber 1, and a ventilation slot 20 matching the ventilation fan 19 is opened on the top of the test chamber 1. The ventilation fan 19 is an existing product, and when it works, it discharges the gas in the test chamber 1 to the outside to realize the ventilation treatment of the test chamber 1. The design of the sealing door 18 facilitates the installation and removal of the soil sample 2.

[0035] In the present invention, a self-feed differential settlement test method includes the following steps: S1: Before the test starts, a comprehensive inspection of the entire experimental system is carried out. First, check whether the loading cylinder 6, the servo motor 9, the refrigeration equipment 15, the humidification equipment 16, and the temperature control equipment 17 can operate normally. If they can operate normally, the experimental preparation can be started. If there are abnormal operation problems, the abnormal problems should be solved first. S2: Take two square soil samples 2 with the dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 200 mm in length, width and height, and take a permeable stone with the dimensions of 200 mm × 100 mm × 20 mm in length, width and height, place the permeable stone on the refrigeration base 5, then place the two soil samples 2 side by side on the permeable stone, and use a marker to divide the 200 mm high soil sample 2 into 20 equal parts; S3: Start the servo motor 9 to rotate the bidirectional lead screw 10 to drive the two clamps 12 to approach each other, so as to push the two soil samples 2 closer and fix their positions. When the clamp 12 approaches the soil sample 2, the contact plate 25 thereon first contacts the soil sample 2. During the continuous movement of the clamp 12, the contact plate 25 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 26 and moves toward one end close to the clamp 12. At this time, the grease in the storage chamber 21 is squeezed out from the multiple nozzles 22 under pressure and coated on the position where the soil sample 2 is about to contact the clamp 12. At the same time, the multiple air bags 28 begin to expand and maintain flexible support on the side of the soil sample 2 when the clamp 12 completes the fixation of the soil sample 2. S4: Start the two loading cylinders 6 to apply the same vertical load to the two soil samples 2, test the settlement of the soil sample 2 under different loads, adjust the loads applied by the two loading cylinders 6, test the interface shear force of the two soil samples 2, start the refrigeration equipment 15 to test the settlement of the soil sample 2 in a freeze-thaw environment, start the humidification equipment 16 to test the settlement of the soil sample 2 in different humidity environments, start the temperature control equipment 17 to test the settlement of the soil sample 2 at different temperatures, start the vibration table 4 to test the settlement of the soil sample 2 in a dynamic environment, and when testing the settlement of the soil sample 2 in a dynamic environment, first remove the permeable stone from the refrigeration base 5; S5: According to the test data under different variable conditions, the differential settlement test results of soil sample 2 are obtained. After the experiment is completed, first ensure that the test data are saved, then raise the temperature in the test room 1 to room temperature, then turn off the humidification equipment 16 and the temperature control equipment 17, and then start the ventilation fan 19 for ventilation. Then let the loading cylinder 6 rise and reset, and finally open the sealing door 18 to take out the soil sample 2 completely and measure the side deformation of the soil sample 2 according to the set mark. The whole experimental process is completed.

[0036] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A self-feed differential settlement test system, comprising a test chamber (1) and two soil samples (2), characterized in that, It further includes: A reaction frame (3) fixedly installed in the test chamber (1), a shaking table (4) is fixedly installed on the reaction frame (3), and a refrigeration base (5) is fixedly installed on the shaking table (4). The refrigeration base (5) is used to place two soil samples (2), and two loading components are provided on the reaction frame (3), and the loading components are used to apply vertical loads to the soil samples (2); A support and test part, the support and test part is used to position and support two soil samples (2) and test the interfacial shear force and lateral deformation of the two soil samples (2) under different loads. The support and test part includes two clamping plates (12) installed on the reaction frame (3) through an adjustment component. A plurality of vertical rods (13) are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the two clamping plates (12), and a plurality of test units (14) are arranged on each vertical rod (13). Greasing components and simulation components are provided on the two clamping plates (12). The greasing component is used to coat lubricating grease at the contact position between the soil sample (2) and the clamping plate (12), and the simulation component is used to provide simulated support for the side of the soil sample (2). A driving component for driving the greasing component and the simulation component is provided on the clamping plate (12); A refrigeration device (15), the refrigeration device (15) is used to perform refrigeration treatment on the soil sample (2), and the refrigeration device (15) is installed in the test chamber (1); A humidifying device (16), the humidifying device (16) is used to control the humidity of the soil sample (2), and the humidifying device (16) is installed on the refrigeration device (15); A temperature control device (17), the temperature control device (17) is used to control the temperature in the test chamber (1), and the temperature control device (17) is installed on the side wall of the test chamber (1).

2. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment component is composed of a servo motor (9), a bidirectional lead screw (10), two mounting rods (8) and two connecting rods (11). The two mounting rods (8) are both fixedly installed on the reaction frame (3). The servo motor (9) is fixedly installed on one of the reaction frames (3). The bidirectional lead screw (10) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (9). The two connecting rods (11) are both threadedly installed on the bidirectional lead screw (10), and the two connecting rods (11) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping plates (12).

3. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The loading component is composed of a loading cylinder (6) and a top cap (7). The loading cylinder (6) is fixedly installed on the reaction frame (3). The top cap (7) is fixedly connected to the output end of the loading cylinder (6), and the top cap (7) corresponds to the position of the soil sample (2).

4. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 3, wherein The greasing component is composed of a storage cavity (21), a first piston plate (23) and a plurality of nozzles (22). The storage cavity (21) is opened in the clamping plate (12). The first piston plate (23) is hermetically and slidably installed in the storage cavity (21). The plurality of nozzles (22) are all fixedly installed at one end of the clamping plate (12) close to the soil sample (2), and one end of each nozzle (22) located in the storage cavity (21) is slidably and hermetically fitted with the first piston plate (23).

5. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The simulation component is composed of side plates (27), air bags (28), pressure boxes (29), connecting pipes (30) and piston plates II (31). A plurality of side plates (27) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping plate (12). An air bag (28) is installed at one end of each side plate (27) close to the soil sample (2). A pressure box (29) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping plate (12) far from the soil sample (2). The piston plate II (31) is hermetically and slidably installed in the pressure box (29). Connecting pipes (30) are fixedly connected between the far end of the pressure box (29) from the clamping plate (12) and the corresponding air bag (28).

6. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 5, wherein, The driving component is composed of a first push rod (24), a second push rod (32), a contact plate (25) and a spring (26). The contact plate (25) is slidably installed at one end of the clamping plate (12) close to the soil sample (2). The first push rod (24) is fixedly installed between the contact plate (25) and the piston plate I (23), and the first push rod (24) is hermetically and slidably connected with the clamping plate (12). The spring (26) is installed between the contact plate (25) and the clamping plate (12). The second push rod (32) is fixedly installed between the piston plate I (23) and the piston plate II (31), and the second push rod (32) is hermetically and slidably connected with both the clamping plate (12) and the pressure box (29).

7. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The refrigeration device (15) is composed of a refrigeration body (151), a coolant outlet (152), a coolant inlet (153), a coolant filling port (154), a control panel (155) and a discharge port (156). The coolant outlet (152) and the coolant inlet (153) are both fixedly connected between the refrigeration body (151) and the refrigeration base (5). The coolant filling port (154) is arranged at the upper end of the refrigeration body (151). The discharge port (156) is arranged on the side wall of the refrigeration body (151). The control panel (155) is installed at the front end of the refrigeration body (151).

8. A self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 7, characterized in that The humidifying device (16) is composed of a humidifying body (161), a digital display panel (162), an adjustment knob (163), a water storage tank (164), a water outlet pipe (165), a waste water tank (166) and a drain pipe (167). The digital display panel (162) and the adjustment knob (163) are both arranged at the front end of the humidifying body (161). The water storage tank (164) and the waste water tank (166) are both arranged inside the humidifying body (161). The water outlet pipe (165) is connected between the water storage tank (164) and the refrigeration base (5). The waste water tank (166) is connected between the waste water tank (166) and the refrigeration base (5).

9. The self-feed differential settlement test system according to claim 8, characterized in that A sealing door (18) is hinged to the front end of the test chamber (1). A ventilation fan (19) is installed on the top of the test chamber (1), and a ventilation slot (20) matching the ventilation fan (19) is opened on the top of the test chamber (1). The temperature control device (17) consists of a temperature control box (171), a display screen (172), a temperature control knob (173), a wiring duct (174) and heating sheets. The heating sheets are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the test chamber (1). The display screen (172) and the temperature control knob (173) are both installed at the front end of the temperature control box (171). The wiring duct (174) is installed between the heating sheets and the temperature control box (171).

10. A self-feed differential settlement test method, using the self-feed differential settlement test system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Before the experiment starts, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the entire experimental system. First, check whether the loading cylinder (6), servo motor (9), refrigeration device (15), humidification device (16) and temperature control device (17) can operate normally. If they can operate normally, the experiment preparation can be started. If there are abnormal operation problems, solve the abnormal problems first; S2: Take two square soil samples (2) with dimensions of 100mm×100mm×200mm in length, width and height, and take a permeable stone with dimensions of 200mm×100mm×20mm. Place the permeable stone on the refrigeration base (5), and then place the two soil samples (2) side by side above the permeable stone, and use a marker pen to equally divide the soil sample (2) with a height of 200mm into 20 parts; S3: Start the servo motor (9) to rotate the bidirectional lead screw (10) to drive the two clamping plates (12) to approach each other, so as to realize the propulsion and positioning of the two soil samples (2). When the clamping plate (12) approaches the soil sample (2), the contact plate (25) on it first contacts the soil sample (2). During the continuous movement of the clamping plate (12), the contact plate (25) moves towards one end close to the clamping plate (12) against the elastic force of the spring (26). At this time, the grease in the storage cavity (21) is extruded from multiple nozzles (22) under pressure and coated on the position where the soil sample (2) is about to contact the clamping plate (12). At the same time, multiple air bags (28) start to expand and maintain flexible support with the side of the soil sample (2) when the clamping plate (12) completes the fixation of the soil sample (2); S4: Start two loading cylinders (6) to apply the same vertical load to the two soil samples (2), and test the settlement of the soil samples (2) under different loads. By adjusting the load applied by the two loading cylinders (6), the interfacial shear force of the two soil samples (2) can be tested. By starting the refrigeration device (15), the settlement of the soil samples (2) in the freeze-thaw environment can be tested. By starting the humidification device (16), the settlement of the soil samples (2) in different humidity environments can be tested. By starting the temperature control device (17), the settlement of the soil samples (2) at different temperatures can be tested. By starting the vibration table (4), the settlement of the soil samples (2) in the dynamic environment can be tested. When testing the settlement of the soil samples (2) in the dynamic environment, first remove the permeable stone from the refrigeration base (5); S5: Based on the test data under different variable conditions, obtain the differential settlement test results of the soil sample (2). After the experiment, first ensure whether all test data is saved, then raise the temperature in the test chamber (1) to room temperature, then turn off the humidifying device (16) and the temperature control device (17), then start the ventilation fan (19) for ventilation treatment, then let the loading cylinder (6) rise and reset, and finally open the sealing door (18) to completely take out the soil sample (2) and measure the lateral deformation of the soil sample (2) according to the marks made by the marker pen, and the entire experimental process is completed.

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