Device for measuring components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring soil leachate components based on ion chromatography, and relates to the technical field of soil leachate component detection.The technical scheme includes that the device comprises a filtering device, a pretreatment column is arranged on the lower portion of the filtering device, a methanol tank and a water tank are fixedly connected to one side of the pretreatment column, and a switching mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the column; the switching mechanism comprises a lifting shell arranged at the lower part of the pretreatment column, and a first motor is arranged in the lifting shell. In the invention, the leaching liquid in the leaching column is collected through the filtering device, and impurities such as suspended particulate matters and microorganisms in the leaching liquid can be removed through a filtering membrane in the filtering device; before the leachate enters the pretreatment column, liquid in the methanol tank and the water tank is firstly controlled to enter the pretreatment column according to the proportion requirement, the pretreatment column is activated, the activated waste liquid can be collected through the waste liquid bottle, and the leachate passes through the pretreatment column, so that the influence of heavy metal or hydrophobic compounds on the chromatographic column in an experiment can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil leachate composition detection, and particularly to a device for determining the composition of soil leachate based on ion chromatography. Background Art

[0002] Soil leachate refers to the aqueous solution that penetrates downward through soil pores under the action of precipitation, irrigation and other moisture and carries various solutes in the soil. It contains various components such as ions, organic matters, and trace elements in the soil, and is an important carrier for the material exchange and energy transfer between the soil and the external environment. The accurate determination of the composition of soil leachate can provide rich and key information for soil environment research and has irreplaceable significance in many fields. Soil leachate contains components such as nitrate, phosphate, potassium ion, calcium ion, etc. By analyzing the concentration and form of these anions and cations in the soil leachate, the fertility and environmental pollution status of the soil can be accurately evaluated, providing theoretical support for the protection and management of the ecosystem.

[0003] In the actual use process of the existing device, after the soil leachate is collected, it is necessary to pretreat the leachate to remove impurities and interfering substances therein. However, the pretreatment steps are cumbersome, the processing efficiency of personnel is slow, and errors are prone to occur at the same time, reducing the accuracy of the analysis results. Therefore, a device for determining the composition of soil leachate based on ion chromatography is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art that after the soil leachate is collected, it is necessary to pretreat the collected leachate to remove impurities and interfering substances therein, but the pretreatment steps are cumbersome, the processing efficiency of personnel is slow, and errors are prone to occur at the same time, reducing the accuracy of the analysis results, and to propose a device for determining the composition of soil leachate based on ion chromatography.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An apparatus for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography, comprising a filtration device. A pretreatment column is provided below the filtration device. A methanol tank and a water tank are fixedly connected to one side of the pretreatment column. A switching mechanism is provided below the pretreatment column. The switching mechanism includes a lifting housing provided below the pretreatment column. A first motor is arranged inside the lifting housing. A first gear is arranged at the output end of the first motor. The first gear is meshed with a second gear. The second gear is fixedly connected with a third gear. The third gear is meshed with fourth gears on both sides. A half gear is fixedly connected to the side of the fourth gear away from the lifting housing. A bidirectional rack is meshed with the upper part of the half gear. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the upper part of the bidirectional rack. A rotating housing is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting rod. A second motor is arranged inside the rotating housing. A fifth gear is arranged at the output end of the second motor. The fifth gear is meshed with a sixth gear. A waste liquid bottle and a collection bottle are fixedly connected to both sides of the sixth gear.

[0007] After the preliminarily filtered leachate enters the pretreatment column, first control the liquids inside the methanol tank and the water tank to enter the pretreatment column according to the proportional requirements to activate the pretreatment column. The waste liquid after activation flows into the waste liquid bottle. Then control the first motor inside the lifting housing, and drive the connecting rod to move up and down through the first motor, so as to control the downward movement of the waste liquid bottle to separate from the bottom of the pretreatment column. Subsequently, start the second motor inside the rotating housing, drive the sixth gear to rotate through the second motor, rotate the collection bottle to the bottom of the pretreatment column, and start the first motor again to drive the collection bottle to move up, so that the collection bottle fits with the bottom of the pretreatment column to collect the leachate. Water pumps are arranged inside the methanol tank and the water tank. The methanol tank and the water tank are connected to the pretreatment column through pipelines. A microfiltration membrane is arranged inside the filtration device. The pretreatment column is a C 18 column or an H column, and the water inside the water tank is deionized water.

[0008] The above technical solution further includes:

[0009] A filter bottle is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filtration device. A vacuum pump is arranged on one side of the filter bottle. An electric valve is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filter bottle. The electric valve is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pretreatment column.

[0010] A pH meter is arranged at the front end of the collection bottle to detect the pH value of the solution inside the collection bottle.

[0011] An adjustment tank is fixedly connected to the upper part of the collection bottle. A sodium hydroxide solution is arranged inside the adjustment tank to neutralize the pH value of the liquid inside the collection bottle.

[0012] An injection tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection bottle. An ion chromatograph is arranged on the side of the injection tube away from the collection bottle.

[0013] A water bottle is provided at the upper part of the filtering device. A peristaltic pump is provided on one side of the water bottle. The water bottle and the peristaltic pump are connected through a conduit.

[0014] The peristaltic pump is fixedly connected to a nozzle on the side away from the water bottle. The nozzle and the peristaltic pump are connected through a conduit.

[0015] The nozzle is fixedly connected to a leaching column at the lower part. The bottom of the leaching column is fixedly connected to the filtering device.

[0016] Gravel is provided inside the leaching column. Soil is provided below the gravel. Medium sand is provided below the soil. Gravel is provided below the medium sand.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In the present invention, the leachate in the leaching column can be collected through the filtering device. The filter membrane inside the filtering device can remove impurities such as suspended particulate matter and microorganisms in the leachate. Before the leachate enters the pretreatment column, the liquids in the methanol tank and the water tank are first controlled to enter the pretreatment column according to the proportional requirements to activate the pretreatment column. The waste liquid after activation can be collected through the waste liquid bottle. By starting the first motor inside the lifting housing, the waste liquid bottle and the collection bottle can be driven to move up and down. Controlling the downward movement of the waste liquid bottle can release the fit with the pretreatment column. Subsequently, by rotating the second motor inside the housing, the waste liquid bottle and the collection bottle can be driven to rotate, thereby automatically switching the connection at the bottom of the pretreatment column. After the switching is completed, controlling the upward movement of the collection bottle to fit with the pretreatment column can put the leachate into the pretreatment column. The leachate after adsorption finally enters the collection bottle. The pH value of the leachate is adjusted through the adjustment tank, automatically completing the collection and pretreatment of the leachate, effectively improving the experimental efficiency.

[0019] 2. In the present invention, by adopting the detachable connection between the water bottle and the peristaltic pump, continuous water replenishment can be carried out to continuously leach the soil, realizing the continuity and long-term nature of leaching. Using the peristaltic pump as the power source for leaching liquid can control the flow rate when precise control of the flow rate is required, overcoming the drawback that the flow rate cannot be controlled during natural water inflow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the leachate treatment part in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil leaching part in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the leachate treatment mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 First internal structural schematic diagram of the lifting housing in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Second internal structural schematic diagram of the lifting housing in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Internal structural schematic diagram of the rotating housing in the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Filter device; 2. Vacuum pump; 3. Filter bottle; 4. Methanol tank; 5. Water tank; 6. Electric valve; 7. Pretreatment column; 8. Waste liquid bottle; 9. Lifting housing; 10. Rotating housing; 11. Collection bottle; 12. Adjusting tank; 13. pH meter; 14. Sampling tube; 15. Ion chromatograph; 16. Water bottle; 17. Peristaltic pump; 18. Nozzle; 19. Gravel; 20. Soil; 21. Medium sand; 22. Leaching column; 23. First motor; 24. First gear; 25. Second gear; 26. Connecting rod; 27. Bidirectional rack; 28. Third gear; 29. Fourth gear; 30. Half gear; 31. Second motor; 32. Fifth gear; 33. Sixth gear. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] As Figures 1 - 7As shown in the figure, a device for measuring the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography includes a filtering device 1. A pretreatment column 7 is arranged below the filtering device 1. A methanol tank 4 and a water tank 5 are fixedly connected to one side of the pretreatment column 7. A switching mechanism is arranged below the pretreatment column 7. The switching mechanism includes a lifting housing 9 arranged below the pretreatment column 7. A first motor 23 is arranged inside the lifting housing 9. A first gear 24 is arranged at the output end of the first motor 23. The first gear 24 is meshed with a second gear 25. The second gear 25 is fixedly connected with a third gear 28. The third gear 28 is meshed with fourth gears 29 on both sides. A half gear 30 is fixedly connected to the side of the fourth gear 29 away from the lifting housing 9. The half gear 30 is meshed with a bidirectional rack 27 above. A connecting rod 26 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the bidirectional rack 27. A rotating housing 10 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting rod 26. A second motor 31 is arranged inside the rotating housing 10. A fifth gear 32 is arranged at the output end of the second motor 31. The fifth gear 32 is meshed with a sixth gear 33. Waste liquid bottles 8 and collection bottles 11 are fixedly connected to both sides of the sixth gear 33.

[0031] After the preliminarily filtered leachate enters the pretreatment column 7, first control the liquids inside the methanol tank 4 and the water tank 5 to be sent into the pretreatment column 7 according to a proportion to activate the pretreatment column 7. The waste liquid after activation flows into the waste liquid bottle 8. Then control the first motor 23 inside the lifting housing 9, drive the connecting rod 26 to move up and down through the first motor 23, so as to control the waste liquid bottle 8 to move down and separate from the bottom of the pretreatment column 7. Subsequently, start the second motor 31 inside the rotating housing 10, drive the sixth gear 33 to rotate through the second motor 31, rotate the collection bottle 11 to the bottom of the pretreatment column 7, and start the first motor 23 again to drive the collection bottle 11 to move up to make the collection bottle 11 fit with the bottom of the pretreatment column 7 to collect the leachate. Water pumps are arranged inside the methanol tank 4 and the water tank 5. The methanol tank 4 and the water tank 5 are connected to the pretreatment column 7 through pipelines. A microfiltration membrane is arranged inside the filtering device 1. The pretreatment column 7 is a C 18 column or an H column, and the inside of the water tank 5 is deionized water.

[0032] A filter bottle 3 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filtering device 1. A vacuum pump 2 is arranged on one side of the filter bottle 3. An electric valve 6 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filter bottle 3. The electric valve 6 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pretreatment column 7. A pH meter 13 is arranged at the front end of the collection bottle 11 to detect the pH value of the solution inside the collection bottle 11. An adjustment tank 12 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the collection bottle 11. Sodium hydroxide solution is arranged inside the adjustment tank 12 to neutralize the pH value of the liquid inside the collection bottle 11. An injection pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection bottle 11. An ion chromatograph 15 is arranged on the side of the injection pipe 14 away from the collection bottle 11.

[0033] In this embodiment, the leachate seeping out of the leaching column 22 can be collected by the filtration device 1. The filter membrane inside the filtration device 1 can remove impurities such as suspended particulate matter and microorganisms in the leachate. During the filtration process, a negative pressure can be generated in the filter bottle 3 by the vacuum pump 2, thereby effectively improving the filtration effect. The electric valve 6 can ensure the sealing effect of the filter bottle 3 during the filtration process. When the leachate is being filtered, the liquids inside the methanol tank 4 and the water tank 5 can be controlled to enter the pretreatment column 7 according to the proportional requirements to activate the pretreatment column 7. The waste liquid after activation can be collected by the waste liquid bottle 8 connected at the bottom. Then, start the first motor 23 inside the lifting housing 9. The first motor 23 drives the first gear 24 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 24 drives the meshing-connected second gear 25 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 25 drives the third gear 28 to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 28 drives the fourth gears 29 meshing on both sides to rotate. The rotation of the fourth gears 29 drives the upper half gear 30 to rotate. The rotation of the half gear 30 can drive the meshing-connected bidirectional rack 27 to move up and down reciprocally. The movement of the bidirectional rack 27 drives the fixedly connected connecting rod 26 to move as well, and thus can drive the waste liquid bottle 8 and the collection bottle 11 to move up and down.

[0034] Control the waste liquid bottle 8 to move down to release the fit with the pretreatment column 7. Subsequently, drive the fifth gear 32 to rotate by the second motor 31 inside the rotating housing 10. The rotation of the fifth gear 32 drives the meshing-connected sixth gear 33 to rotate. The rotation of the sixth gear 33 can drive the waste liquid bottle 8 and the collection bottle 11 fixedly connected on both sides to rotate, thereby automatically switching the connection at the bottom of the pretreatment column 7. After the switching is completed, control the collection bottle 11 to move up to fit with the pretreatment column 7, and then turn on the electric valve 6 to input the leachate into the pretreatment column 7. The leachate after adsorption finally enters the collection bottle 11. The pH meter 13 at the front end of the collection bottle 11 can measure the pH value of the leachate inside the collection bottle 11. The pH value of the leachate can be adjusted by the solution in the adjustment tank 12. After the treatment is completed, the leachate can enter the ion chromatograph 15 through the sampling tube 14 for detection. The device can automatically complete the collection and pretreatment of the leachate, effectively improving the experimental efficiency.

[0035] Embodiment 2

[0036] As Figures 1 - 7 shown, a water bottle 16 is provided at the upper part of the filtration device 1. A peristaltic pump 17 is provided on one side of the water bottle 16. The water bottle 16 and the peristaltic pump 17 are connected through a conduit. The peristaltic pump 17 is fixedly connected with a nozzle 18 on the side far from the water bottle 16. The nozzle 18 and the peristaltic pump 17 are connected through a conduit.

[0037] A leaching column 22 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the nozzle 18, a filtering device 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the leaching column 22, gravel 19 is arranged inside the leaching column 22, soil 20 is arranged below the gravel 19, medium sand 21 is arranged below the soil 20, and gravel 19 is arranged below the medium sand 21.

[0038] In this embodiment, by adopting the detachable connection between the water bottle 16 and the peristaltic pump 17, continuous water replenishment can be carried out to continuously leach the soil, realizing the continuity and long-term nature of leaching. Using the peristaltic pump 17 as the power source, the accurate control of the flow rate can be simulated under different rainfall states or when sewage infiltrates, overcoming the drawback that the flow rate cannot be accurately controlled during natural water intake. The peristaltic pump 17 can be set for intermittent spraying to simulate small-flow leaching, avoid short-circuit flow, and ensure the uniform penetration of the liquid through the soil layer. The gravel 19, soil 20, and medium sand 21 arranged inside the leaching column 22 can effectively simulate the real soil environment. Each component is simple and easy to obtain, and can be conveniently installed, disassembled, repaired, and replaced. The structure is simple, lightweight, easy to operate, highly efficient, and reliable, and can regulate soil leaching according to specific experimental requirements, thus meeting the requirements of the experiment in terms of long-term nature, continuity, and flow controllability.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography, comprising a filtration device (1), characterized in that, A pretreatment column (7) is provided at the lower part of the filtering device (1). A methanol tank (4) and a water tank (5) are fixedly connected to one side of the pretreatment column (7). A switching mechanism is provided at the lower part of the pretreatment column (7). The switching mechanism includes a lifting housing (9) provided at the lower part of the pretreatment column (7). A first motor (23) is provided inside the lifting housing (9). A first gear (24) is provided at the output end of the first motor (23). The first gear (24) is meshed with a second gear (25). The second gear (25) is fixedly connected to a third gear (28). The third gear (28) is meshed with fourth gears (29) on both sides. A half gear (30) is fixedly connected to the side of the fourth gear (29) away from the lifting housing (9). The half gear (30) is meshed with a bidirectional rack (27) at the upper part. A connecting rod (26) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the bidirectional rack (27). A rotating housing (10) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting rod (26). A second motor (31) is provided inside the rotating housing (10). A fifth gear (32) is provided at the output end of the second motor (31). The fifth gear (32) is meshed with a sixth gear (33). Waste liquid bottles (8) and collection bottles (11) are fixedly connected to both sides of the sixth gear (33); After the preliminarily filtered leachate enters the pretreatment column (7), first, control the liquids inside the methanol tank (4) and the water tank (5) to be fed into the pretreatment column (7) according to the proportional requirements to activate the pretreatment column (7). The activated waste liquid flows into the waste liquid bottle (8). Then, control the first motor (23) inside the lifting housing (9), drive the connecting rod (26) to move up and down through the first motor (23), so as to control the waste liquid bottle (8) to move down and separate from the bottom of the pretreatment column (7). Subsequently, start the second motor (31) inside the rotating housing (10), drive the sixth gear (33) to rotate through the second motor (31), rotate the collection bottle (11) to the bottom of the pretreatment column (7), and start the first motor (23) again to drive the collection bottle (11) to move up, and fit the collection bottle (11) with the bottom of the pretreatment column (7) to collect the leachate.

2. The device for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 1, wherein, A filter bottle (3) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filtering device (1). A vacuum pump (2) is provided on one side of the filter bottle (3). An electric valve (6) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the filter bottle (3). The electric valve (6) is fixedly connected to the pretreatment column (7) at the lower part.

3. The device for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pH meter (13) is provided at the front end of the collection bottle (11) to detect the pH value of the solution inside the collection bottle (11).

4. The device for measuring the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustment tank (12) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the collection bottle (11).

5. The device for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sampling tube (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the collection bottle (11). An ion chromatograph (15) is provided on the side of the sampling tube (14) away from the collection bottle (11).

6. The device for measuring the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 1, wherein, A water bottle (16) is provided at the upper part of the filtering device (1). A peristaltic pump (17) is provided on one side of the water bottle (16). The water bottle (16) and the peristaltic pump (17) are communicated through a conduit.

7. The device for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 6, characterized in that, On the side of the peristaltic pump (17) away from the water bottle (16), a nozzle (18) is fixedly connected, and the nozzle (18) is connected to the peristaltic pump (17) through a conduit.

8. An apparatus for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 7, characterized in that, A leaching column (22) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the nozzle (18), and a filtering device (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the leaching column (22).

9. The device for determining the components of soil leachate based on ion chromatography according to claim 8, wherein, Gravel (19) is arranged inside the leaching column (22), soil (20) is arranged below the gravel (19), medium sand (21) is arranged below the soil (20), and gravel (19) is arranged below the medium sand (21).

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