Testing device for simulating construction of closure water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into dynamic water tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for simulating dynamic water tunnel pouring aggregate to build a closure water blocking section, which comprises a variable water head water supply tank, a tunnel model and a hopper, the water inlet end of the tunnel model is in fluid conduction with the variable water head water supply tank through a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet end of the tunnel model is internally provided with a rectifying plate; the water flow enters the tunnel model after passing through the rectifying plate; a filling port is formed in the tunnel model, and a discharge port of the hopper is communicated with a fluid in the filling port; a pressure stabilizing valve is installed at the position, close to the water inlet end, of the tunnel model. The variable water head water supply tank is arranged, the height of the variable water head water supply tank can be freely adjusted, so that different water pressures are provided, the pressure supply mode is continuous and stable, the pulse or unstable condition does not exist, a stable dynamic water source can be provided for the interior of the tunnel model, and the water gushing characteristic in the actual environment is truly and effectively simulated; and the accuracy of experimental data is ensured to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel water-blocking simulation tests. Specifically, it is an experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of underground projects, when encountering water-bearing strata, water inrush accidents are likely to occur. Water inrush not only brings difficulties to construction but also causes tunnel instability, seriously affecting the safety of tunnel construction.

[0003] In order to quickly block water inrush, usually, boreholes are drilled from the ground into the tunnel, and aggregate is poured into the tunnel through the boreholes to form an aggregate accumulation body and gradually form a water-blocking section to achieve the purpose of cut-off. After water inrush occurs, the visibility in the tunnel is very poor. When pouring aggregate, it is difficult to directly obtain the real situation underground, and the construction difficulty is relatively large, and the effect of the water-blocking section is difficult to guarantee. In order to explore the actual situation of the aggregate forming an accumulation body in the tunnel, simulation tests are needed to obtain real and reliable data and provide reliable data reference for actual construction.

[0004] Patent document CN113702264B provides an experimental device for simulating aggregate pouring and water-blocking in an arched roadway. One end of the roadway simulation pipeline is connected to an external dynamic water source to input dynamic water into the roadway simulation pipeline. A pouring device is arranged above the roadway simulation pipeline, and aggregate is injected into the roadway simulation pipeline through the pouring device to achieve the simulation effect. However, this solution is difficult to simulate the real dynamic water flow situation in the tunnel. On the one hand, because the dynamic water source is provided by a high-pressure pump, when the water pump is running, due to various reasons, there will be a certain pulse phenomenon. That is to say, the water flow provided by the water pump has poor stability. After being input into the roadway simulation pipeline, it will generate periodic impacts on the aggregate. The actual water inrush is continuous, which is quite different from the characteristics of real water inrush in reality and cannot effectively simulate the real water inrush situation. On this premise, there will also be certain deviations in the obtained experimental data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel, which can effectively simulate the real water inrush situation and obtain accurate test data.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, comprising a variable-head water supply tank, a tunnel model, and a hopper. The water inlet end of the tunnel model is fluidly connected to the variable-head water supply tank through a water inlet pipe. A flow rectifying plate is installed inside the water inlet end of the tunnel model, and the water flow enters the tunnel model after passing through the flow rectifying plate. A pouring port is provided on the tunnel model, and the discharge port of the hopper is fluidly connected to the pouring port. A pressure stabilizing valve is installed at a position of the tunnel model near the water inlet end.

[0007] For the above experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, the variable-head water supply tank includes a water tank, a support frame, and a lifting drive structure. The water tank is slidably installed on the support frame. The lifting drive structure is installed on the top of the support frame, and the lifting drive structure is connected to the top of the water tank. The lifting drive structure pulls the water tank to move along the height direction of the support frame. The bottom of the side wall of the water tank is fluidly connected to the water inlet pipe, and a valve is installed on the water inlet pipe.

[0008] For the above experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, a variable-diameter water inlet joint is installed at the water inlet end of the tunnel model. A water inlet pipe head is connected to the variable-diameter water inlet joint, and the water inlet pipe head is fluidly connected to the water inlet pipe. A variable-diameter water outlet joint is installed at the water outlet end of the tunnel model. A water outlet joint pipe is connected to the variable-diameter water outlet joint. The diameters of the water inlet pipe head and the water outlet joint pipe are the same and are both smaller than the diameter of the tunnel model.

[0009] For the above experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, a flow meter is installed on the water inlet pipe head. A pressure transmitter is installed at a position on the tunnel model adjacent to the pouring port. Both the flow meter and the pressure transmitter are communicatively connected to a recorder, and the recorder is communicatively connected to a computer.

[0010] For the above experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, a pouring pipe is connected to the discharge port of the hopper, and the other end of the pouring pipe is fluidly connected to the pouring port on the tunnel model. A material control valve is installed on the pouring pipe.

[0011] For the above experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, hydraulic jacks are provided at both ends of the tunnel model. One end of the hydraulic jack is supported on the ground, and the free end of the hydraulic jack is supported on the bottom of the tunnel model. The hydraulic jacks at both ends of the tunnel model can extend and retract independently.

[0012] In the above test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel, a primary wastewater tank is arranged below the water outlet end of the tunnel model, and the wastewater discharged from the water outlet end of the tunnel model enters the primary wastewater tank.

[0013] In the above test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel, the upper part of the side wall of the primary wastewater tank is fluidly connected to a secondary wastewater tank through an overflow pipe. A water pump is arranged in the secondary wastewater tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is fluidly connected to a variable head water supply tank through a water storage pipe.

[0014] In the above test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel, the flow rectifying plate includes a baffle. A flange plate is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the baffle. The flange plate is installed at the end of the water inlet end of the tunnel model. The baffle is aligned with the tunnel model. A central hole is opened at the central position of the baffle. A circle of first guide through holes, a circle of second guide through holes, and a circle of third guide through holes are sequentially opened on the baffle from the central hole to the edge position of the baffle. The diameters of the central hole, the first guide through holes, the second guide through holes, and the third guide through holes decrease in sequence.

[0015] In the above test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel, the central hole is coaxially arranged with the tunnel model. A circle of the first guide through holes, a circle of the second guide through holes, and a circle of the third guide through holes are respectively arranged on three concentric circumferences with the central hole. The distribution densities of the first guide through holes, the second guide through holes, and the third guide through holes on the corresponding circumferences increase in sequence.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] 1. By setting a variable head water supply tank, the height of the variable head water supply tank can be freely adjusted, thereby providing different water pressures. This pressurization method is continuous and stable, without pulsation or instability, and can provide a stable dynamic water source to the tunnel model, truly and effectively simulating the characteristics of water inrush in the actual environment, and ensuring the accuracy of experimental data to the greatest extent.

[0018] 2. By setting a flow rectifying plate in cooperation with a variable diameter water inlet joint, the water flow entering the tunnel model can be further guided and adjusted to ensure the uniformity and stability of the water flow entering the tunnel model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate into a dynamic water tunnel according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Planar structural schematic diagram of the flow rectifying plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Longitudinal sectional schematic view of the variable-diameter water inlet joint of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, the reference numerals are represented as follows: 1 - variable-head water supply tank; 2 - valve; 3 - water inlet pipe; 4 - flowmeter; 5 - water inlet pipe head; 6 - variable-diameter water inlet joint; 7 - rectifying plate; 701 - flange plate; 702 - baffle plate; 703 - central hole; 704 - first guiding through hole; 705 - second guiding through hole; 706 - third guiding through hole; 8 - tunnel model; 9 - pressure stabilizing valve; 10 - hopper; 11 - perfusion pipe; 12 - aggregate accumulation body; 13 - hydraulic jack; 14 - camera; 15 - pressure transmitter; 16 - recorder; 17 - computer; 18 - variable-diameter water outlet joint; 19 - water outlet joint pipe; 20 - primary wastewater tank; 21 - secondary wastewater tank; 22 - overflow pipe; 23 - water pump; 24 - water storage pipe; 25 - support frame; 26 - lifting drive structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off and water-blocking section by pouring aggregates in a dynamic water tunnel in this embodiment is as Figure 1 shown, and includes a variable-head water supply tank 1, a tunnel model 8 and a hopper 10. The water inlet end of the tunnel model 8 is in fluid communication with the variable-head water supply tank 1 through a water inlet pipe 3. A rectifying plate 7 is installed inside the water inlet end of the tunnel model 8, and the water flow enters the tunnel model 8 after passing through the rectifying plate 7. A perfusion port is provided on the tunnel model 8, and a perfusion pipe 11 is connected to the perfusion port. The hopper 10 is in fluid communication with the perfusion port through the perfusion pipe 11. A material control valve is installed on the perfusion pipe 11. Aggregates are poured into the tunnel model 8 through the hopper 10, and an aggregate accumulation body 12 is formed inside the tunnel model 8. A pressure stabilizing valve 9 is installed at a position near the water inlet end of the tunnel model 8. When the water pressure inside the tunnel model 8 is too high, the pressure stabilizing valve 9 can automatically release the excessive water pressure inside the tunnel model 8, thereby ensuring the stability of the water pressure inside the tunnel model 8.

[0024] As Figure 1 shown, the variable-head water supply tank 1 includes a water tank, a support frame 25 and a lifting drive structure 26. The water tank is slidably installed on the support frame 25. The lifting drive structure 26 is installed on the top of the support frame 25, and the lifting drive structure 26 is connected to the top of the water tank. The lifting drive structure 26 pulls the water tank to move along the height direction of the support frame 25. The bottom of the side wall of the water tank is in fluid communication with the water inlet pipe 3. A valve 2 is installed on the water inlet pipe 3. The lifting drive structure 26 can adopt a winch to lift the water tank, control the water tank at different heights, and achieve providing different water source pressures.

[0025] A reducing water inlet joint 6 is installed on the water inlet end of the tunnel model 8, and a water inlet pipe head 5 is connected to the reducing water inlet joint 6, and the water inlet pipe head 5 is fluidly connected to the water inlet pipe 3; a reducing water outlet joint 18 is installed on the water outlet end of the tunnel model 8, and a water outlet joint pipe 19 is connected to the reducing water outlet joint 18, and the pipe diameters of the water inlet pipe head 5 and the water outlet joint pipe 19 are the same and are both smaller than the diameter of the tunnel model 8. By arranging the reducing water inlet joint 6 in conjunction with the rectifier plate 7, the water flow can be evenly diffused and enter the tunnel model 8, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the water flow.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, a flange is provided on one end of the variable diameter water inlet joint 6 connected to the tunnel model 8, and the flange can be directly fixed to the end of the tunnel model 8 with the rectifier plate 7 by bolts. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the rectifier plate 7 includes a baffle 702, a flange plate 701 is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the baffle 702, the baffle 702 is aligned with the tunnel model 8, a center hole 703 is opened at the center position of the baffle 702, the center hole 703 is coaxially arranged with the tunnel model 8, and a circle of first conduction holes 704, a circle of second conduction holes 705 and a circle of third conduction holes 706 are sequentially opened on the baffle 702 from the center hole 703 to the edge position of the baffle 702, and the circumferences of the three circles of conduction holes are all concentrically arranged with the center hole 703. By setting three circles of conduction holes, the water flow that is evenly diffused through the variable diameter water inlet joint 6 can be further dispersed, avoiding turbulence caused by excessive local impact force of the water flow, and allowing the water flow to flow smoothly into the tunnel model 8.

[0027] The diameters of the central hole 703 , the first conductive hole 704 , the second conductive hole 705 and the third conductive hole 706 are reduced in sequence, and the distribution density of the first conductive hole 704 , the second conductive hole 705 and the third conductive hole 706 on the corresponding circumference is increased in sequence. By setting the conducting holes with decreasing diameters from the middle to the edge, under the same water supply conditions, the water flow rate out of the conducting holes with smaller diameters is higher, while the water flow rate out of the conducting holes with larger diameters is lower. The aperture is gradually reduced from the inside to the outside, and the water flow supplied to the tunnel model 8 has a flow rate around the water flow greater than the flow rate in the center. The purpose of this is to further improve the stability of the water flow. In conventional pipelines, when the water flows, the water flow resistance at the center is smaller than the water flow resistance near the pipe wall, that is, the water flow velocity at the center is slightly higher. During actual water gushing, the water blocking section is relatively close to the water gushing point, and the water gushing amount is large and the tunnel diameter is large, so this resistance difference becomes very small. The present invention adopts a design of multi-circle conducting hole apertures to increase the surrounding water flow velocity, effectively balance the friction between the water flow and the pipe wall, and achieve water flow velocity balance at various locations on the cross section, thereby achieving the purpose of truly simulating the gushing water flow.

[0028] A primary wastewater tank 20 is arranged below the water outlet end of the tunnel model 8. The wastewater discharged from the water outlet end of the tunnel model 8 enters the primary wastewater tank 20. The upper part of the side wall of the primary wastewater tank 20 is fluidly connected to a secondary wastewater tank 21 through an overflow pipe 22. A water pump 23 is arranged in the secondary wastewater tank 21. The water outlet of the water pump 23 is fluidly connected to the variable head water supply tank 1 through a water storage pipe 24. The water pump 23 can be used to re-supply the precipitated wastewater into the variable head water supply tank 1 to realize recycling and achieve the purpose of saving water. The water discharged from the tunnel model 8 will carry a part of aggregate. After precipitation, the large-particle aggregate will precipitate, and the fine-particle aggregate will circulate into the variable head water supply tank 1. That is to say, a certain amount of fine aggregate will be carried in the water source supplied into the tunnel model 8, which conforms to the situation of formation water inrush in the actual environment.

[0029] A flowmeter 4 is installed on the water inlet head 5. A pressure transmitter 15 is installed at a position adjacent to the pouring port on the tunnel model 8. Both the flowmeter 4 and the pressure transmitter 15 are communicatively connected to a recorder 16, and the recorder 16 is communicatively connected to a computer 17. By setting the flowmeter 4 and the pressure transmitter 15, the flow rate of the flowing water and the pressure at each position in the tunnel model 8 can be monitored in real time.

[0030] Further, as Figure 1 shown, hydraulic jacks 13 are arranged at both ends of the tunnel model 8. One end of the hydraulic jack 13 is supported on the ground, and the free end of the hydraulic jack 13 is supported on the bottom of the tunnel model 8. The hydraulic jacks 13 at both ends of the tunnel model 8 can independently expand and contract, so as to control the tilt angle and tilt direction of the tunnel model 8. In order to ensure the stability of the tunnel model 8 when it is tilted, a lifting support frame for supporting the tunnel model 8 can be installed below the tunnel model 8, and the two hydraulic jacks 13 only provide the lifting support force. The connection between the pouring pipe 11 and the tunnel model 8 is connected through a joint with an adjustable angle. When the tunnel model 8 is tilted, the angle of the pouring pipe 11 is adjusted accordingly, so that the hopper 10 and the pouring pipe 11 still remain vertical and are not affected by the angle of the tunnel model 8.

[0031] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel, characterized in that It includes a variable-head water supply tank (1), a tunnel model (8) and a hopper (10). The water inlet end of the tunnel model (8) is in fluid communication with the variable-head water supply tank (1) through a water inlet pipe (3). A flow rectifying plate (7) is installed inside the water inlet end of the tunnel model (8), and the water flow enters the tunnel model (8) after passing through the flow rectifying plate (7). A perfusion port is provided on the tunnel model (8), and the discharge port of the hopper (10) is in fluid communication with the perfusion port. A pressure stabilizing valve (9) is installed at a position of the tunnel model (8) close to the water inlet end.

2. The test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable-head water supply tank (1) includes a water tank, a support frame (25) and a lifting drive structure (26). The water tank is slidably installed on the support frame (25). The lifting drive structure (26) is installed on the top of the support frame (25), and the lifting drive structure (26) is connected to the top of the water tank. The lifting drive structure (26) pulls the water tank to move along the height direction of the support frame (25). The bottom of the side wall of the water tank is in fluid communication with the water inlet pipe (3), and a valve (2) is installed on the water inlet pipe (3).

3. The test device for simulating the construction of the cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a moving water tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A variable-diameter water inlet joint (6) is installed at the water inlet end of the tunnel model (8). An inlet pipe head (5) is connected to the variable-diameter water inlet joint (6), and the inlet pipe head (5) is in fluid communication with the water inlet pipe (3). A variable-diameter water outlet joint (18) is installed at the water outlet end of the tunnel model (8). An outlet joint pipe (19) is connected to the variable-diameter water outlet joint (18). The diameters of the inlet pipe head (5) and the outlet joint pipe (19) are the same and are both smaller than the diameter of the tunnel model (8).

4. An experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off and water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a moving water tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that, A flowmeter (4) is installed on the inlet pipe head (5). A pressure transmitter (15) is installed at a position adjacent to the perfusion port on the tunnel model (8). Both the flowmeter (4) and the pressure transmitter (15) are in communication connection with a recorder (16), and the recorder (16) is in communication connection with a computer (17).

5. The test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a moving water tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A perfusion pipe (11) is connected to the discharge port of the hopper (10), and the other end of the perfusion pipe (11) is in fluid communication with the perfusion port on the tunnel model (8). A material control valve is installed on the perfusion pipe (11).

6. The test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Hydraulic jacks (13) are provided at both ends of the tunnel model (8). One end of the hydraulic jack (13) is supported on the ground, and the free end of the hydraulic jack (13) is supported on the bottom of the tunnel model (8). The hydraulic jacks (13) at both ends of the tunnel model (8) can expand and contract independently.

7. An experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A primary wastewater tank (20) is provided below the water outlet end of the tunnel model (8). The wastewater discharged from the water outlet end of the tunnel model (8) enters the primary wastewater tank (20).

8. An experimental device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a dynamic water tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper side of the side wall of the primary wastewater tank (20) is in fluid communication with a secondary wastewater tank (21) through an overflow pipe (22). A water pump (23) is provided in the secondary wastewater tank (21), and the water outlet of the water pump (23) is in fluid communication with the variable-head water supply tank (1) through a water storage pipe (24).

9. The test device for simulating the construction of a cut-off water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a moving water tunnel according to claim 1, wherein, The rectifying plate (7) includes a baffle plate (702). A flange plate (701) is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the baffle plate (702). The flange plate (701) is installed on the end of the water inlet end of the tunnel model (8). The baffle plate (702) is aligned with the tunnel model (8). A central hole (703) is formed at the central position of the baffle plate (702). A first ring of through holes (704), a second ring of through holes (705) and a third ring of through holes (706) are successively formed on the baffle plate (702) from the central hole (703) to the edge position of the baffle plate (702). The diameters of the central hole (703), the first ring of through holes (704), the second ring of through holes (705) and the third ring of through holes (706) decrease in sequence.

10. The test device for simulating the construction of the cut-off and water-blocking section by pouring aggregate in a moving water tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The central hole (703) is coaxially arranged with the tunnel model (8). A first ring of through holes (704), a second ring of through holes (705) and a third ring of through holes (706) are respectively arranged on three circumferences concentric with the central hole (703). The distribution densities of the first ring of through holes (704), the second ring of through holes (705) and the third ring of through holes (706) on the corresponding circumferences increase in sequence.

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