Miniaturized sensor for detecting alternating current and direct current

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized sensor for detecting alternating current and direct current, and belongs to the technical field of current sensors. The device comprises a conductor, the conductor is respectively connected with a zero-sequence coil and a magnetic-core-free Hall element, the zero-sequence coil is connected with an electric leakage detection module and an electric leakage simulation module, the magnetic-core-free Hall element is connected with a current detection module, and the elements and the modules are respectively and electrically connected with an intelligent control system. The problem that in the prior art, a mutual inductor can only measure alternating current and does not have the function of measuring direct current is solved, a magnetic field generated by current is detected through the magnetic-core-free Hall element and converted into an electric signal, the current magnitude is obtained through analysis of the current detection module, and over-current protection is achieved; residual current in the circuit is detected through the zero-sequence coil, and the electric leakage detection module is used for analysis and comparison to realize electric leakage protection; the whole electric leakage system is regularly tested through the simulation electric leakage module, so that the use performance and reliability of the miniaturized sensor are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of current sensors, and specifically to a miniaturized sensor for detecting alternating and direct current. Background Technique

[0002] Residual current sensors and current sensors both belong to the devices used for protection in industrial facilities, which are respectively used for leakage protection and current measurement and overcurrent protection; at present, various technical solutions require the use of two magnetic cores to measure the residual current and rated current respectively.

[0003] For example, the publication number: CN217282195U discloses an anti-interference leakage protection transformer and an integrated transformer for leakage protection and overcurrent protection. This solution uses two stacked together, which will make the size of the sensor larger, and there is a situation of direct current power consumption in industrial facilities; however, because this solution uses a transformer, it can only measure alternating current and does not have the function of direct current measurement.

[0004] Therefore, it does not meet the existing requirements, and for this reason, we propose a miniaturized sensor for detecting alternating and direct current. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized sensor for detecting alternating and direct current, which detects the magnetic field generated by the current through a coreless Hall element and converts it into an electrical signal, analyzes the magnitude of the current through the current detection module, and realizes overcurrent protection; detects the residual current in the circuit through the zero-sequence coil, and uses the leakage detection module to analyze and compare to realize leakage protection; regularly tests the entire leakage system through the simulated leakage module to ensure the use performance and reliability of the miniaturized sensor, and solves the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents, comprising: a conductor, a zero-sequence coil, an analog leakage module, a coreless Hall element, a current detection module, and a leakage detection module. The conductor is the power input part of the sensor; the zero-sequence coil is used to detect the magnitude of the residual current in the conductor line; the leakage detection module is used to receive the signal from the zero-sequence coil and analyze it to determine whether there is a leakage situation. If a leakage is detected, the leakage detection module outputs a leakage signal and triggers a leakage protection mechanism; the analog leakage module is used to test the working states of the zero-sequence coil and the leakage detection module. By simulating a leakage situation, it verifies whether the sensor is operating normally; the current detection module is used to receive the signal from the coreless Hall element and measure and analyze the current in the line. If the current exceeds a preset threshold, the current detection module outputs an overcurrent signal and triggers an overcurrent protection mechanism; the coreless Hall element is used to detect the current signal in the conductor line and transmit the detected current signal to the current detection module for analysis.

[0008] Further, it further includes: an intelligent control system for controlling the usage state of the sensor. The intelligent control system includes:

[0009] A central processing unit for controlling the usage states of the conductor, the zero-sequence coil, the analog leakage module, the coreless Hall element, the current detection module, and the leakage detection module according to user requirements;

[0010] A data receiving module for receiving the various data detected by the zero-sequence coil, the analog leakage module, the coreless Hall element, the current detection module, and the leakage detection module, and sorting and storing the received data;

[0011] A visual interaction module for visually displaying the various detection data and analysis results of the sensor.

[0012] Further, the operation process of the data receiving module includes:

[0013] Real-time monitoring of the data storage amount and data storage rate during the data storage process;

[0014] Comparing the data storage amount with a preset data storage amount threshold;

[0015] When the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold, the current data storage rate is retrieved;

[0016] Using the current data storage rate and combining it with the data storage rate before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold to obtain a cloud storage determination factor;

[0017] Wherein, the cloud storage determination factor is obtained through the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, K represents the cloud storage determination factor; B d represents the current data storage rate; B emax represents the maximum data storage rate that the data receiving module can achieve; B max and B min represent the maximum and minimum data storage rates that occur before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold; T represents the transition duration from the minimum data storage rate to the maximum data storage rate before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold; ΔB represents the overall average change amount of the data storage rate corresponding to the unit time before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold;

[0020] Compare the cloud storage determination factor with a preset factor reference value;

[0021] When the cloud storage determination factor exceeds the preset factor reference value, upload the currently completed stored data to the cloud, and locally delete the completed stored data in the data receiving module.

[0022] Furthermore, the intelligent control system further includes:

[0023] A threshold setting module for presetting an overcurrent threshold and a leakage threshold as a benchmark for verifying whether the current exceeds the normal range and whether there is a leakage behavior;

[0024] A current protection module for presetting a current protection mechanism scheme and synchronously triggering the current protection mechanism when receiving the comparison result.

[0025] Furthermore, the current protection module includes:

[0026] An overcurrent comparison module for comparing the current analyzed by the current detection module with the current threshold. If the current exceeds the current threshold, feedback the comparison result to the current protection module; otherwise, there is no need to feedback to the current protection module;

[0027] A leakage comparison module for comparing the current signal of the zero-sequence coil analyzed by the leakage detection module with the leakage threshold. If the current signal of the zero-sequence coil exceeds the leakage threshold, feedback the comparison result to the current protection module; otherwise, there is no need to feedback to the current protection module.

[0028] Furthermore, the current protection module further includes:

[0029] A sample collection unit is used to collect historical current signals exceeding the current threshold in the current detection module, and is also used to collect historical current signals exceeding the leakage threshold in the leakage detection module, and obtain the factors and solutions for exceeding the current threshold and the leakage threshold;

[0030] A clustering analysis module uses a decision tree classification model to perform clustering analysis on the historical current signals, factors, and solutions, so that corresponding solutions are clustered under each type of factor and the historical current signals exceeding the current threshold and the leakage threshold;

[0031] A mechanism trigger module is used to retrieve the corresponding solution from the decision tree model according to the content of the comparison result and execute it immediately after receiving the comparison result.

[0032] Further, the input end of the conductor is connected to an external power supply, the output end of the conductor is respectively connected to a zero-sequence coil and a coreless Hall element, the output end of the zero-sequence coil is respectively connected to a leakage detection module and a simulated leakage module, and the output end of the coreless Hall element is connected to a current detection module.

[0033] Further, the conductor, the zero-sequence coil, the simulated leakage module, the coreless Hall element, the current detection module, and the leakage detection module are respectively electrically connected to an intelligent control system.

[0034] Further, the output signals of the leakage detection module and the current detection module include any one or all three of digital quantity, analog quantity, and communication signal.

[0035] Further, the conductor, the zero-sequence coil, the simulated leakage module, the coreless Hall element, the current detection module, and the leakage detection module are all arranged in a small housing.

[0036] 1. In the present invention, when the miniaturized sensor is applied to industrial facilities, when current flows through the conductor, the coreless Hall element detects the magnetic field generated by the current and converts it into an electrical signal; the current detection module analyzes this signal to measure the magnitude of the current and realizes over-current protection to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to over-current; through this non-contact measurement method, not only the measurement accuracy is improved, but also the potential safety hazards that may be brought by traditional contact measurement are avoided; at the same time, the zero-sequence coil detects the residual current in the circuit and analyzes and compares it through the leakage detection module to realize leakage protection; thus, it helps to timely discover and handle the leakage problem in the circuit and prevent fire or electric shock accidents caused by leakage; secondly, by simulating the leakage situation, the response speed and accuracy of the entire leakage system can be checked, which helps to maintain the stability and reliability of the system.

[0037] 2. In the present invention, by using a decision tree model to cluster and divide the historical leakage protection and overcurrent protection schemes and the generated factors, when a leakage or overcurrent behavior is detected in the current circuit, the corresponding solution can be retrieved in a timely manner and the solution can be executed, so as to ensure that when a leakage or overcurrent actually occurs, the system can respond quickly and accurately, improving the safety performance of the device.

[0038] 3. In the present invention, the miniaturized sensor has a smaller volume and can be applied to the interior of industrial facilities with a smaller volume, thereby reducing the occupied space of the product and realizing the characteristics of being multi-purpose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Another state schematic diagram of the miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 Block diagram of the intelligent control system according to the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1, conductor; 2, zero-sequence coil; 3, analog leakage module; 4, non-magnetic core Hall element; 5, current detection module; 6, leakage detection module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] To solve the technical problem in the prior art that since the use of a current transformer can only measure alternating current and does not have the function of measuring direct current, making it not meet the current requirements, please refer to Figures 1-3 , the following technical solutions are provided in this embodiment:

[0045] A miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents, comprising: a conductor 1, a zero-sequence coil 2, an analog leakage module 3, a coreless Hall element 4, a current detection module 5, and a leakage detection module 6; wherein, the input end of the conductor 1 is connected to an external power supply, and the output end of the conductor 1 is respectively connected to the zero-sequence coil 2 and the coreless Hall element 4. The output end of the zero-sequence coil 2 is respectively connected to the leakage detection module 6 and the analog leakage module 3, and the output end of the coreless Hall element 4 is connected to the current detection module 5; and the conductor 1, the zero-sequence coil 2, the analog leakage module 3, the coreless Hall element 4, the current detection module 5, and the leakage detection module 6 are respectively electrically connected to an intelligent control system; the conductor 1, the zero-sequence coil 2, the analog leakage module 3, the coreless Hall element 4, the current detection module 5, and the leakage detection module 6 are all arranged in a small housing; at the same time, according to actual requirements, the leakage detection module 6 and the current detection module 5 can be separated from the zero-sequence coil 2 into two independent housings, or they can be built into the same housing.

[0046] The beneficial effects achieved by the above content: The miniaturized sensor has a small volume and can be applied to the interior of industrial facilities with a smaller volume, thereby reducing the occupied space of the product and realizing the characteristics of multi-purpose; at the same time, the electrical connection with the intelligent control system makes the entire system more intelligent and automated, capable of real-time monitoring of the circuit status and taking corresponding protection measures.

[0047] Conductor 1 is the power input part of the sensor. The zero-sequence coil 2 is used to detect the magnitude of the residual current in the conductor 1 circuit. Specifically, the zero-sequence coil 2 is used to detect the unbalanced current in the conductor 1 circuit, that is: the residual current; when the current in the live wire and the neutral wire in the circuit is not equal, a residual current will be generated; the leakage detection module 6 is used to receive the signal from the zero-sequence coil 2 and analyze it to determine whether there is a leakage situation; if leakage is detected, the leakage detection module 6 will output a leakage signal and trigger a leakage protection mechanism, such as: cutting off the power supply or issuing an alarm; the simulated leakage module 3 is used to test the working status of the zero-sequence coil 2 and the leakage detection module 6. By simulating the leakage situation, it verifies whether the sensor is operating normally; when simulating the leakage situation, current can be applied externally or generated by the simulated leakage module 3 itself; or in cases where self-checking is not required, the simulated leakage module 3 can be ignored; the current detection module 5 is used to receive the signal from the coreless Hall element 4 and measure and analyze the current in the circuit; if the current exceeds the preset threshold, the current detection module 5 will output an overcurrent signal and trigger an overcurrent protection mechanism; the output signals of the leakage detection module 6 and the current detection module 5 include: any one of digital quantity, analog quantity, and communication signal or all three signals are available; the coreless Hall element 4 is a sensor based on the Hall effect, which is used to detect the current signal in the conductor 1 circuit and transmit the detected current signal to the current detection module 5 for analysis.

[0048] The beneficial effects achieved by the above content: By integrating multiple functional modules and components, high-precision monitoring and protection of the circuit are realized, effectively improving the safety of electricity use and the reliability of equipment operation; in this embodiment, when the current flows through the conductor 1 when the miniaturized sensor is applied to industrial facilities, the coreless Hall element 4 detects the magnetic field generated by the current and converts it into an electrical signal; the current detection module 5 analyzes this signal to measure the magnitude of the current and realizes overcurrent protection to prevent equipment from being damaged due to overcurrent; this non-contact measurement method not only improves the measurement accuracy but also avoids potential safety hazards that may be brought by traditional contact measurement; at the same time, the zero-sequence coil 2 detects the residual current in the circuit and analyzes and compares it through the leakage detection module 6 to achieve leakage protection; thus, it helps to timely discover and handle leakage problems in the circuit and prevent fire or electric shock accidents caused by leakage; secondly, by simulating the leakage situation, the response speed and accuracy of the entire leakage system can be checked, which helps to maintain the stability and reliability of the system.

[0049] An intelligent control system for controlling the usage status of the sensor; the intelligent control system includes:

[0050] The central processing unit is used to control the usage status of the conductor 1, zero-sequence coil 2, simulated leakage module 3, non-magnetic core Hall element 4, current detection module 5, and leakage detection module 6 according to user requirements. Specifically, the central processing unit completes the operations of fetching instructions, analyzing instructions, and executing instructions by receiving instructions from users or program instructions. The instructions include: starting current detection, simulated leakage testing, or leakage protection, etc. Accordingly, corresponding control signals are generated to coordinate the work of each module. For example, a signal is sent to start the non-magnetic core Hall element 4 for current detection, or the leakage detection module 6 is instructed to analyze the signal of the zero-sequence coil 2.

[0051] The data receiving module is used to receive various data detected by the zero-sequence coil 2, simulated leakage module 3, non-magnetic core Hall element 4, current detection module 5, and leakage detection module 6, and organize and store the received data. Specifically, through an interface or communication protocol, data from each detection module is received. The data includes: current magnitude, leakage situation, and simulated leakage test results, etc. After receiving the data, a preliminary verification is performed on the data to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. For example, checking whether the data format conforms to expectations, verifying whether the data range is within a reasonable interval, classifying and sorting the data types. The organized data is stored in a specified storage medium, such as: memory, hard disk, or other storage devices, for subsequent analysis, query, or report generation.

[0052] Specifically, the operation process of the data receiving module includes:

[0053] Real-time monitoring of the data storage amount and data storage rate during the data storage process;

[0054] Comparing the data storage amount with a preset data storage amount threshold;

[0055] When the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold, the current data storage rate is retrieved;

[0056] Using the current data storage rate combined with the data storage rate before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold to obtain a cloud storage determination factor;

[0057] Among them, the cloud storage determination factor is obtained through the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, K represents the cloud storage determination factor; B d represents the current data storage rate; B emax represents the maximum data storage rate that the data receiving module can reach; B max and B minDenote the maximum and minimum data storage rates that occur before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds a preset data storage amount threshold; T denotes the transition duration from the minimum data storage rate to the maximum data storage rate before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold; ΔB denotes the overall average change in the data storage rate corresponding to the unit time before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold.

[0060] Compare the cloud storage determination factor with a preset factor reference value.

[0061] When the cloud storage determination factor exceeds the preset factor reference value, upload the currently completed stored data to the cloud, and locally delete the completed stored data in the data receiving module.

[0062] By real-time monitoring of the data storage amount and data storage rate during the data storage process, this solution can dynamically grasp the working state of the data receiving module. At the same time, by comparing with a preset data storage amount threshold, when the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the threshold, trigger subsequent analysis and decision-making processes, realizing intelligent management of data storage. Moreover, by retrieving the current data storage rate and combining it with the data storage rate before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the threshold, calculate the cloud storage determination factor, which comprehensively considers multiple factors such as the change trend of the data storage rate, maximum and minimum values, and transition duration. This comprehensive evaluation method can effectively improve the accuracy of judging the utilization efficiency and pressure of the current storage resources, thereby making a decision on whether to upload data to the cloud, effectively avoiding waste of storage resources. In addition, the calculation of the cloud storage determination factor utilizes the overall average change amount (ΔB) of the data storage rate, and thus can effectively improve the flexibility in coping with changes in data storage requirements. When the data storage requirements increase sharply, if the cloud storage determination factor exceeds the preset factor reference value, the data will be automatically uploaded to the cloud, thereby reducing the pressure on local storage and ensuring the stable operation of the data receiving module. Uploading some data to the cloud can achieve data backup and distributed storage, improving the reliability and security of the data. At the same time, when the local storage resources are limited or faulty, cloud storage can serve as a redundant backup of the data to ensure the integrity and availability of the data. Through intelligent storage management and efficient utilization of storage resources, this solution helps to reduce storage costs. Dynamically adjusting the storage strategy according to actual needs avoids unnecessary waste of storage resources and improves the utilization rate of storage resources.

[0063] A visualization interaction module for visually displaying various detection data and analysis results of the sensor for the user to view and analyze.

[0064] The threshold setting module is used to preset the overcurrent threshold and the leakage current threshold as the benchmarks for verifying whether the current exceeds the normal range and whether there is a leakage behavior. Specifically, the user sets appropriate overcurrent thresholds and leakage current thresholds according to the device specifications, safety standards, and actual operating requirements, which are used as the direct basis for judging whether the current is abnormal and whether there is a leakage behavior.

[0065] The current protection module is used to preset the current protection mechanism scheme and synchronously trigger the current protection mechanism when receiving the comparison result. The current protection module includes:

[0066] The overcurrent comparison module is used to compare the current analyzed by the current detection module 5 with the current threshold. If the current exceeds the current threshold, the comparison result is fed back to the current protection module; otherwise, there is no need to feedback to the current protection module. Specifically, when the non-magnetic core Hall element 4 and the current detection module 5 detect and analyze that the current value exceeds the preset overcurrent threshold, the system will consider that there are abnormal conditions such as overload or short circuit, and will trigger corresponding protection mechanisms, such as cutting off the power supply or issuing an alarm, to prevent safety accidents such as equipment damage or fire.

[0067] The leakage comparison module is used to compare the current signal of the zero-sequence coil 2 analyzed by the leakage detection module 6 with the leakage threshold. If the current signal of the zero-sequence coil 2 exceeds the leakage threshold, the comparison result is fed back to the current protection module; otherwise, there is no need to feedback to the current protection module. Specifically, when the zero-sequence coil 2 and the leakage detection module 6 detect and analyze that the current leakage exceeds the preset leakage threshold, the system will immediately judge that there is an electric shock risk and trigger corresponding safety protection measures, such as cutting off the power supply, to protect personnel from electric shock.

[0068] The beneficial effects achieved by the above content: It can not only achieve precise monitoring of current and leakage behavior to ensure the safe operation of electrical equipment and circuits; at the same time, by presetting the threshold and comparing it with real-time current data, it not only improves the automation level of the system but also effectively avoids the safety risk problems caused by human judgment errors.

[0069] The sample collection unit is used to collect historical current signals exceeding the current threshold in the current detection module 5, and is also used to collect historical current signals exceeding the leakage threshold in the leakage detection module 6, and obtain the factors and solutions for exceeding the current threshold and the leakage threshold. Specifically, by collecting the historical detection data of the current detection module 5 and the leakage detection module 6, any abnormal records exceeding the preset current threshold or leakage threshold are extracted. At the same time, monitor the output values of the current detection module 5 and the leakage detection module 6 currently, and capture any abnormal signals exceeding the preset current threshold or leakage threshold in real time. Through recording and storage for subsequent analysis and processing. Secondly, it also obtains the factors leading to the abnormal signals. The factors include but are not limited to: equipment aging, line faults, overload operation, and poor contact, etc. After obtaining the factors causing the abnormality, further collect the solutions to the above problems. The solutions include but are not limited to: replacing faulty equipment, repairing lines, adjusting operating parameters, and strengthening maintenance, etc., so as to provide strong technical support for the safety maintenance of electrical equipment and ensure the safe and stable operation of the electrical system.

[0070] The clustering analysis module uses a decision tree classification model to perform clustering analysis on historical current signals, factors, and solutions, so that corresponding solutions are clustered under each type of factor, historical current signals exceeding the current threshold, and historical current signals exceeding the leakage threshold. Specifically, through preprocessing the collected historical current signals, factors leading to abnormalities, and solutions, including: data cleaning, feature extraction, and feature selection, use decision tree algorithms such as ID3, C4.5, or CART, etc., to construct a decision tree model according to the preprocessed data. Use the constructed decision tree model to perform clustering analysis on historical current signals and factors leading to abnormalities. Through the branch structure of the decision tree, factors and historical current signals with similar characteristics or behavior patterns are grouped into one category. Associate corresponding solutions with each cluster and output the results of the clustering analysis, including: feature descriptions of each cluster, historical current signals, factors leading to abnormalities, and corresponding solutions. Through clustering analysis using the decision tree classification model, corresponding solutions are clustered under each type of factor, historical current signals exceeding the current threshold, and historical current signals exceeding the leakage threshold.

[0071] The mechanism trigger module is used to retrieve the corresponding solution from the decision tree model according to the content of the comparison result and execute it immediately after receiving the comparison result.

[0072] Beneficial effects achieved by the above content: By using a decision tree model to cluster and classify the historical leakage protection and overcurrent protection schemes and the factors generated thereby, it not only helps to better understand the current and leakage anomaly problems, but also provides strong support for formulating targeted solutions; at the same time, it makes the results of cluster analysis more intuitive and easy to understand, so that when a leakage or overcurrent behavior is detected in the current line, the corresponding solution can be retrieved in time and the solution can be executed; thus ensuring that when leakage or overcurrent actually occurs, the system can respond quickly and accurately, improving the safety performance of the equipment.

[0073] Working principle: When this miniaturized sensor is applied to industrial facilities, when current flows through conductor 1, the coreless Hall element 4 detects the magnetic field generated by the current and converts it into an electrical signal; the current detection module 5 analyzes this signal to measure the magnitude of the current and achieves overcurrent protection; at the same time, the zero-sequence coil 2 detects the residual current in the circuit and analyzes and compares it through the leakage detection module 6 to achieve leakage protection; the simulated leakage module 3 is used to periodically test the entire leakage system to determine whether it fails, ensuring the performance and reliability of the use of this miniaturized sensor.

[0074] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "having" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents, characterized in that, Including: A conductor (1), configured as a power input part of the sensor; A zero-sequence coil (2), configured to detect the magnitude of the residual current in the conductor (1) line; A leakage detection module (6), configured to receive the signal of the zero-sequence coil (2) and analyze whether there is a leakage situation; if so, the leakage detection module (6) outputs a leakage signal and triggers a leakage protection mechanism; An analog leakage module (3), configured to verify whether the sensor is operating normally by simulating a leakage situation; A current detection module (5), configured to receive the signal of the coreless Hall element (4) and measure the current in the line; if the current exceeds the threshold, the current detection module (5) outputs an overcurrent signal and triggers an overcurrent protection mechanism; A coreless Hall element (4), configured to detect the current signal in the conductor (1) line and transmit it to the current detection module (5) for analysis; An intelligent control system, configured to control the usage status of the sensor and intelligently store various data of the sensor; The storage process includes: obtaining a cloud storage determination factor based on the data storage amount and storage rate, and adjusting the storage location based on the cloud storage determination factor.

2. The miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 1, wherein: The intelligent control system includes: A central processing unit, used to control the usage status of the conductor (1), zero-sequence coil (2), analog leakage module (3), coreless Hall element (4), current detection module (5) and leakage detection module (6) according to user requirements; A data receiving module, used to receive various data detected by the zero-sequence coil (2), analog leakage module (3), coreless Hall element (4), current detection module (5) and leakage detection module (6), and organize and store the received data; A visualization interaction module, used to visually display various detection data and analysis results of the sensor.

3. The miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operation process of the data receiving module includes: Real-time monitoring of the data storage amount and data storage rate during the data storage process; Comparing the data storage amount with a preset data storage amount threshold; When the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold, the current data storage rate is retrieved; Using the current data storage rate and the data storage rate before the data storage amount reaches or exceeds the preset data storage amount threshold to obtain a cloud storage determination factor; Comparing the cloud storage determination factor with a preset factor reference value; When the cloud storage determination factor exceeds the preset factor reference value, the currently stored data is uploaded to the cloud, and the locally stored data is deleted in the data receiving module.

4. The miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent control system further includes: A threshold setting module, used to preset an overcurrent threshold and a leakage threshold as a benchmark for verifying whether the current exceeds the normal range and whether there is a leakage behavior; A current protection module, used to preset a current protection mechanism scheme and synchronously trigger the current protection mechanism when receiving the comparison result.

5. A miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 4, characterized in that: The current protection module includes: An overcurrent comparison module is used to compare the current analyzed by the current detection module (5) with the current threshold. If the current exceeds the current threshold, the comparison result is fed back to the current protection module; otherwise, there is no need to feed back to the current protection module. A leakage comparison module is used to compare the current signal of the zero-sequence coil (2) analyzed by the leakage detection module (6) with the leakage threshold. If the current signal of the zero-sequence coil (2) exceeds the leakage threshold, the comparison result is fed back to the current protection module.

6. The miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current protection module further includes: A sample collection unit is used to collect the historical current signals exceeding the current threshold in the current detection module (5), and is also used to collect the historical current signals exceeding the leakage threshold in the leakage detection module (6), and obtain the factors and solutions for exceeding the current threshold and the leakage threshold. A clustering analysis module uses a decision tree classification model to perform clustering analysis on the historical current signals, factors, and solutions, so that each type of factor and the historical current signals exceeding the current threshold and the leakage threshold are clustered with corresponding solutions. A mechanism trigger module is used to retrieve the corresponding solution from the decision tree model according to the content of the comparison result after receiving the comparison result, and execute it immediately.

7. The miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 2, wherein: The input end of the conductor (1) is connected to an external power supply, and the output end of the conductor (1) is respectively connected to the zero-sequence coil (2) and the non-magnetic core Hall element (4). The output end of the zero-sequence coil (2) is respectively connected to the leakage detection module (6) and the simulated leakage module (3). The output end of the non-magnetic core Hall element (4) is connected to the current detection module (5).

8. A miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductor (1), zero-sequence coil (2), simulated leakage module (3), non-magnetic core Hall element (4), current detection module (5), and leakage detection module (6) are respectively electrically connected to the intelligent control system.

9. The miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output signals of the leakage detection module (6) and the current detection module (5) include any one of digital quantity, analog quantity, and communication signal, or all three signals are available at the same time.

10. A miniaturized sensor for detecting AC and DC currents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (1), zero-sequence coil (2), simulated leakage module (3), non-magnetic core Hall element (4), current detection module (5), and leakage detection module (6) are all arranged in a small housing.

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