Experimental device and experimental method of Brayton cycle reactor system

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental device and an experimental method of a Brayton cycle reactor system, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering experiments. The problem that an existing experimental device cannot reflect the coupling effect of the temperature change characteristic and the power change characteristic of a reactor on an experimental loop is solved. The turbine is high in manufacturing cost and high in turbine rotating speed control difficulty; the problem that the power and temperature of the compressor of the experimental research device deviate from actual conditions is solved. The system comprises a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, a cooling-free compressor simulation device, a heat regenerator, a cooler and a data measurement system, the reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device and the heat regenerator are sequentially connected in series, and the heat regenerator, the cooler and the cooling-free compressor simulation device are sequentially connected in series; the reactor simulation device comprises a first electric heater, and the first electric heater is provided with a power regulator. The device is mainly used for experimental research of a Brayton cycle reactor system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear engineering experiments, and particularly relates to an experimental device and an experimental method for a Brayton cycle reactor system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of society, the demand for energy in various industries is becoming more and more diversified, and many new energy systems have begun to attract people's attention. The Brayton cycle has the advantages of compact equipment layout, high cycle thermal efficiency, and small volume of rotating machinery. The nuclear power system formed by its combination with a reactor has a large energy density, can continuously produce energy for a long time, and has high economy, and has good application prospects in the fields of island power, power and heating.

[0003] The Brayton cycle reactor system mainly includes a reactor, a turbine, a recuperator, a compressor, a cooler, and a generator. Compared with general reactor systems, due to the small system volume and strong coupling between equipment in the Brayton cycle system, there are significant differences in its operating characteristics and control characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a detailed study on the operating characteristics and control characteristics of the Brayton cycle reactor system. Experimental research is an important part of studying the operating characteristics of the reactor Brayton cycle system. Existing experimental research devices have the following problems: due to the radioactivity of the reactor, most experimental research devices still use electric heat sources, fossil heat sources, and solar heat sources, and cannot reflect the coupling effects of the temperature change characteristics and power change characteristics of the reactor on the experimental loop; since the Brayton cycle reactor system needs to operate in a high-temperature environment, this makes the cost of the turbine high and the control of the turbine speed difficult, which is not conducive to carrying out multi-condition, multi-control, and long-term experimental research; currently, most experimental research devices use compressors that are not resistant to high temperatures. The compressor cools the gas while compressing it, which causes a deviation between the power and temperature of the compressor and the actual situation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an experimental device and an experimental method for a Brayton cycle reactor system to solve the problems existing in the design of these experimental research devices for Brayton cycle reactor systems, and to provide experimental device design technologies and methods for related experimental research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problems existing in the existing experimental devices, which cannot reflect the coupling effects of the temperature feedback characteristics and power change characteristics of the reactor on the experimental loop; and the high cost of the turbine and the difficulty in controlling the turbine speed, which is not conducive to carrying out multi-condition, multi-control, and long-term experimental research; and the deviation between the power and temperature of the compressor in the existing experimental research devices and the actual situation. An experimental device and an experimental method for a Brayton cycle reactor system are proposed to assist related experimental research.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An experimental device for a Brayton cycle reactor system, comprising a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, a non-cooling compressor simulation device, a regenerator, a cooler and a data measurement system. The reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device and the regenerator are connected in series in sequence, and the regenerator, the cooler and the non-cooling compressor simulation device are connected in series in sequence;

[0007] The reactor simulation device includes a first electric heater and a power regulator, and the first electric heater is equipped with a power regulator;

[0008] The turbine simulation device includes a first mass flowmeter, an electric pressure reducing valve and a printed circuit board cooler connected in sequence. A first electric control valve is provided at the cooling water inlet of the printed circuit board cooler;

[0009] The non-cooling compressor simulation device includes a compressor, a third mass flowmeter and a second electric heater connected in sequence. A cooling channel is provided in the compressor. A second electric control valve is provided at the inlet of the cooling channel, and a second mass flowmeter is provided at the outlet. The second electric heater is equipped with a power regulator;

[0010] The data measurement system includes a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple, a first pressure transmitter and a second pressure transmitter arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simulation device, a fourth thermocouple, a fifth thermocouple, a third pressure transmitter and a fourth pressure transmitter arranged at the inlet and outlet of the turbine simulation device, a sixth thermocouple, a seventh thermocouple, a fifth pressure transmitter and a sixth pressure transmitter arranged at the inlet and outlet of the non-cooling compressor simulation device, and a third thermocouple, an eighth thermocouple and a ninth thermocouple arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling channel of the first electric heater and the compressor.

[0011] Furthermore, the first electric heater and the second electric heater are jointly equipped with a power regulator.

[0012] Furthermore, the power regulator is a three-phase thyristor power regulator.

[0013] Furthermore, the first electric heater and the second electric heater are both pressure vessel type electric heaters. The first electric heater can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 600 °C; the second electric heater can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C.

[0014] Furthermore, the compressor is a diaphragm compressor, which can be adjusted in variable speed to achieve pressurization from 2 MPa to 4 MPa.

[0015] Furthermore, the experimental device further includes a supporting power distribution system, numerical control system, and data calculation and analysis system. The power distribution system and the numerical control system include a power distribution cabinet, and all electrical devices and electrical control equipment are powered and controlled through the power distribution cabinet.

[0016] Furthermore, the data calculation and analysis system includes a computer. The real-time data information of each component in the experimental device is sequentially transmitted to the power distribution cabinet and the computer through cables, and the computer analyzes and calculates the data.

[0017] An experimental method for an experimental device of the above-mentioned Brayton cycle reactor system includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Calibrate the instruments for measuring temperature, pressure, and flow rate, and check various cable lines to ensure normal signal transmission;

[0019] S2. Before starting the experimental device, after the real-time data of the first thermocouple, second thermocouple, third thermocouple, fourth thermocouple, fifth thermocouple, sixth thermocouple, seventh thermocouple, eighth thermocouple, ninth thermocouple, first pressure transmitter, second pressure transmitter, third pressure transmitter, fourth pressure transmitter, fifth pressure transmitter, sixth pressure transmitter, first mass flowmeter, second mass flowmeter, and third mass flowmeter are calculated by the program in the data calculation and analysis system, when the electric heating power of the reactor simulation device is 0, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the turbine simulation device are 0, and the compressor speed is set to 0, after calculation by the program, the compressor speed and the power of the second electric heater are 0, then start the experimental device;

[0020] S3. Conduct a rotational speed increase experiment on the non-cooled compressor simulation device. By changing the compressor speed setting through the numerical control system, the program in the data calculation and analysis system calculates the cooling power of the compressor using the real-time data, and transmits the cooling power signal of the compressor to the power regulator to adjust the power of the second electric heater to be the same as the cooling power of the compressor;

[0021] S4. Adjust the opening degree of the second electric control valve through the numerical control system to change the mass flow rate of the cooling water entering the cooling water channel of the compressor, and control the cooling power of the compressor to be close to the electric power of the compressor, so as to ensure sufficient cooling and simulate the process of pressure increase, temperature increase, and driving the cyclic flow after the rotational speed increase of the non-cooled compressor;

[0022] S5. Conduct a power increase experiment on the reactor simulation device. Change the setting of the external reactivity parameter of the program in the data calculation and analysis system. Through program calculation, obtain the electric heating power at the next moment, input the electric heating power data into the power regulator, and the power regulator changes the heating power of the first electric heater, and obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation according to the real-time change data;

[0023] S6. Conduct a pressure reduction and temperature reduction experiment on the turbine simulation device. Start the calculation program control switch in the device, and calculate the target pressure reduction value and target cooling power value of the turbine simulation device through program calculation based on the real-time change data. The program calculates the valve opening values of the electric pressure reducing valve and the first electric control valve at the next moment according to the target pressure reduction value and target cooling power value, and then controls and adjusts the valve openings of the electric pressure reducing valve and the first electric control valve through the numerical control system;

[0024] S7. After the temperature, pressure at the inlet of the electric pressure reducing valve and the outlet of the printed circuit board cooler, and the mass flow rate of the turbine simulation device change, the experimental device will automatically repeat the program control steps in S6 to simulate the pressure reduction and temperature reduction process of the turbine after the inlet temperature and mass flow rate change;

[0025] S8. Continuously repeat step S5 until the power of the first electric heater is stable, and complete the power increase experiment of the reactor simulation device.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the experimental device and experimental method of a Brayton cycle reactor system described in the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The experimental device of the present invention forms a simulated reactor through the cooperation of an electric heater and a power regulator, which can reflect the coupling effect of the temperature feedback characteristics and power change characteristics of the reactor on the experimental loop, and supports the experimental research of the Brayton cycle reactor system.

[0028] 2. The experimental device of the present invention uses a turbine simulation device composed of an electric pressure reducing valve and a printed circuit board cooler to replace the turbine and the supporting generator in the system, reducing the occupied space, construction cost and implementation difficulty of the experimental device, and improving the safety of the experimental device.

[0029] 3. The experimental device of the present invention corrects the power and temperature deviation caused by cooling by adding an electric heater behind the compressor, making the compressor characteristics closer to the actual situation, reducing errors, and increasing the reliability of the experimental device.

[0030] 4. The present invention conducts intelligent data information acquisition and intelligent device control through the measurement system and the numerical control system, reducing the difficulty of data acquisition and control of the experimental device and improving the experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection mode of the reactor simulation device of the experimental device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection mode of the turbine simulation device of the experimental device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection mode of the non-cooled compressor simulation device of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1 - First electric heater; 2 - Power regulator; 3 - Power distribution cabinet; 4 - Computer; 5 - First mass flowmeter; 6 - Electric pressure reducing valve; 7 - First electric control valve; 8 - Printed circuit board cooler; 9 - Compressor; 10 - Second electric heater; 11 - Second electric control valve; 12 - Second mass flowmeter; 13 - Third mass flowmeter; 14 - Regenerator; 15 - Cooler;

[0037] T1 - First thermocouple; T2 - Second thermocouple; T3 - Third thermocouple; T4 - Fourth thermocouple; T5 - Fifth thermocouple; T6 - Sixth thermocouple; T7 - Seventh thermocouple; T8 - Eighth thermocouple; T9 - Ninth thermocouple;

[0038] P1 - First pressure transmitter; P2 - Second pressure transmitter; P3 - Third pressure transmitter; P4 - Fourth pressure transmitter; P5 - Fifth pressure transmitter; P6 - Sixth pressure transmitter. Specific implementation mode

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0040] I. Specific implementation mode one, see Figures 1-4 Describe this implementation mode. An experimental device of a Brayton cycle reactor system described in the present application includes a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, a non-cooled compressor simulation device, a regenerator 14, a cooler 15 and a data measurement system. The reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device and the regenerator 14 are connected in series in sequence. The regenerator 14, the cooler 15 and the non-cooled compressor simulation device are connected in series in sequence;

[0041] The reactor simulation device includes a first electric heater 1 and a power regulator 2, and the first electric heater 1 is equipped with a power regulator 2;

[0042] The turbine simulation device includes a first mass flowmeter 5, an electric pressure reducing valve 6, and a printed circuit board cooler 8 connected in sequence. A first electric control valve 7 is provided at the cooling water inlet of the printed circuit board cooler 8;

[0043] The non-cooled compressor simulation device includes a compressor 9, a third mass flowmeter 13, and a second electric heater 10 connected in sequence. A cooling channel is provided in the compressor 9. A second electric control valve 11 is provided at the inlet of the cooling channel, and a second mass flowmeter 12 is provided at the outlet. The second electric heater 10 is equipped with a power regulator 2;

[0044] The data measurement system includes a first thermocouple T1, a second thermocouple T2, a first pressure transmitter P1, and a second pressure transmitter P2 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simulation device, a fourth thermocouple T4, a fifth thermocouple T5, a third pressure transmitter P3, and a fourth pressure transmitter P4 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the turbine simulation device, a sixth thermocouple T6, a seventh thermocouple T7, a fifth pressure transmitter P5, and a sixth pressure transmitter P6 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the non-cooled compressor simulation device, and a third thermocouple T3, an eighth thermocouple T8, and a ninth thermocouple T9 arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling channel of the first electric heater 1 and the compressor 9.

[0045] In the present invention, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the reactor simulation device and the surface temperature of the heating rod are measured by the first thermocouple T1, the second thermocouple T2, the third thermocouple T3, the first pressure transmitter P1, and the second pressure transmitter P2. The measured real-time data information is sequentially transmitted to the data calculation and analysis system through a cable. The reactor power is calculated by a program developed based on the point reactor model and the reactivity-temperature negative feedback model, and then fed back to the numerical control system to regulate the power of the electric heater by using the power regulator 2, so as to correspond the power characteristics of the electric heater to the power characteristics of the actual reactor, and realize the simulation of the reactor device.

[0046] The real-time data information of the fourth thermocouple T4, the fifth thermocouple T5, the third pressure transmitter P3, the fourth pressure transmitter P4, the first mass flowmeter 5, the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric control valve 7 of the present invention is transmitted to the numerical control system and the data calculation and analysis system through cables. The data calculation and analysis system inputs these data into a program developed based on the turbine power calculation model, the rotor speed calculation model, the turbine characteristic model, and the pressure reducing valve resistance characteristic model. First, according to the inlet temperature and pressure and the outlet temperature and pressure of the working medium of the turbine simulation device, the current power of the turbine simulation device is calculated through the turbine power calculation model. Then, according to the current power of the turbine simulation device and the set load, the simulated speed of the turbine simulation device is calculated through the rotor speed calculation model. Then, according to the mass flow rate of the working medium and the simulated speed of the turbine simulation device, the target expansion ratio and the target isentropic efficiency of the turbine simulation device are calculated through the turbine characteristic model. According to the target expansion ratio, the mass flow rate of the working medium, and the inlet pressure of the working medium of the turbine simulation device, the target opening degree of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 is calculated through the pressure reducing valve resistance characteristic model. Finally, the valve opening degree of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 is regulated. According to the target expansion ratio, the target isentropic efficiency, the mass flow rate of the working medium, the inlet temperature, and the inlet pressure of the turbine simulation device, the target power of the turbine simulation device is calculated. According to the difference between the target power and the current power of the turbine simulation device, the target opening degree of the first electric control valve 7 is calculated. The numerical control system and the power distribution system realize the opening degree control and power supply of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric control valve 7 through PLC control and cables, so as to realize the simulation of the turbine device.

[0047] The real-time data information of the sixth thermocouple T6, seventh thermocouple T7, eighth thermocouple T8, ninth thermocouple T9, fifth pressure transmitter P5, sixth pressure transmitter P6, second mass flowmeter 12, third mass flowmeter 13, second electric control valve 11, power regulator 2 and compressor 9 of the present invention is transmitted to the data calculation and analysis system through cables. The data calculation and analysis system uses a program developed based on the energy conservation equation to calculate the heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9 and the total power acting on the working medium by the non-cooled compressor simulation device. The heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9 is used as the target power of the second electric heater 10 and transmitted to the numerical control system and the power distribution system through cables. Through cables and PLC control, the power control and power supply of the power regulator 2 are realized, so that the heating power of the second electric heater 10 is equal to the heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9, eliminating the power and temperature deviation of the compressor caused by cooling. At this time, the total power acting on the working medium is the actual compression power of the compressor 9, realizing the simulation of the non-cooled compressor device. At the same time, the numerical control system and the power distribution system can also control the opening degree of the second electric control valve 11, thereby regulating the heat power carried away by the cooling water in the compressor 9 to ensure that the compressor 9 is in a good temperature range. The rotation speed of the compressor 9 is controlled by the same method to change the pressure ratio and compression power. The model and the program are both prior arts.

[0048] The first electric heater 1 and the second electric heater 10 described in this application are jointly equipped with a power regulator 2. Sharing one device reduces costs, saves maintenance expenses, optimizes scheduling, reduces unnecessary equipment accumulation in the laboratory, frees up more space for other facilities, and improves the space utilization rate of the laboratory.

[0049] The power regulator 2 described in this application is a three-phase thyristor power regulator. The three-phase thyristor power regulator is small in size and light in weight. And it can accurately adjust the output power according to actual needs, avoiding unnecessary energy waste and improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0050] The first electric heater 1 and the second electric heater 10 described in this application are both pressure vessel type electric heaters. The first electric heater 1 can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 600 °C; the second electric heater 10 can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C. The pressure vessel type electric heater is safe and reliable, and has high heat transfer efficiency. And the pressure vessel type electric heater has a fast response speed and can quickly adjust the output power according to actual needs to achieve precise temperature control.

[0051] The compressor 9 described in this application is a diaphragm compressor, which can perform variable speed regulation to achieve pressurization from 2 MPa to 4 MPa. The diaphragm compressor is highly efficient, energy-saving, easy to maintain, small in size and convenient to install. The diaphragm compressor has stable output performance and can maintain a constant pressure and flow output even under large load fluctuations.

[0052] The experimental device of this application also includes a supporting power distribution system, numerical control system and data calculation and analysis system. The power distribution system and numerical control system include a power distribution cabinet 3, and all electrical devices and electrical control equipment are powered and controlled through the power distribution cabinet 3. As the core node of power distribution, the power distribution cabinet can safely distribute the main power to each experimental equipment to ensure that each equipment can obtain a stable and appropriate power supply. Through the instruments and indicator lights on the power distribution cabinet, experimental personnel can monitor key parameters such as current and voltage in real time, discover abnormal situations in time and take measures. The modern power distribution cabinet is designed compactly, and the internal components are arranged reasonably, saving valuable space in the laboratory.

[0053] The data calculation and analysis system described in this application includes a computer 4. The real-time data information of each component in the experimental device is sequentially transmitted to the power distribution cabinet 3 and the computer 4 through cables, and the computer 4 analyzes and calculates the data. The computer can run various complex models and algorithms to perform high-precision calculations on a large amount of data in a very short time. Through professional visualization tools, the computer can transform abstract data and present it to experimental personnel more intuitively, helping them to understand the characteristics of experimental data more clearly.

[0054] An experimental method for an experimental device of the above-mentioned Brayton cycle reactor system includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Calibrate the instruments for measuring temperature, pressure and flow rate, and check various cable lines to ensure normal signal transmission;

[0056] S2. Before starting the experimental device, after the real-time data of the first thermocouple T1, the second thermocouple T2, the third thermocouple T3, the fourth thermocouple T4, the fifth thermocouple T5, the sixth thermocouple T6, the seventh thermocouple T7, the eighth thermocouple T8, the ninth thermocouple T9, the first pressure transmitter P1, the second pressure transmitter P2, the third pressure transmitter P3, the fourth pressure transmitter P4, the fifth pressure transmitter P5, the sixth pressure transmitter P6, the first mass flowmeter 5, the second mass flowmeter 12 and the third mass flowmeter 13 are calculated by the program in the data calculation and analysis system, when the electric heating power of the reactor simulation device is 0, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the turbine simulation device are 0, and the speed of the compressor 9 is set to 0, after calculation by the program, the speed of the compressor 9 and the power of the second electric heater 10 are 0, then start the experimental device;

[0057] S3. Conduct a rotational speed increase experiment on the non-cooling compressor simulation device. Change the rotational speed setting of the compressor 9 through the numerical control system. The program in the data calculation and analysis system calculates the cooling power of the compressor 9 using real-time data, transmits the cooling power signal of the compressor 9 to the power regulator 2, and adjusts the power of the second electric heater 10 to be the same as the cooling power of the compressor 9.

[0058] S4. Adjust the opening degree of the second electric control valve 11 through the numerical control system to change the mass flow rate of the cooling water entering the cooling water channel of the compressor 9, regulate the cooling power of the compressor 9 to be close to the electric power of the compressor, and thus ensure sufficient cooling, simulating the pressurization, temperature increase, and driving of the circulating flow process of the non-cooling compressor after the rotational speed increase.

[0059] S5. Conduct a power increase experiment on the reactor simulation device. Change the setting of the external reactivity parameter of the program in the data calculation and analysis system. Through program calculation, obtain the electric heating power at the next moment, input the electric heating power data into the power regulator 2, and the power regulator 2 changes the heating power of the first electric heater 1. Calculate the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation according to the real-time change data.

[0060] S6. Conduct a pressure reduction and temperature reduction experiment on the turbine simulation device. Start the calculation program control switch in the device. Calculate the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value of the turbine simulation device through program calculation according to the real-time change data. The program calculates the valve opening values of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric control valve 7 at the next moment according to the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value, and then controls and adjusts the valve openings of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the first electric control valve 7 through the numerical control system.

[0061] S7. After the temperature, pressure at the inlet of the electric pressure reducing valve 6 and the outlet of the printed circuit board cooler 8, and the mass flow rate of the turbine simulation device change, the experimental device will automatically repeat the program control steps in S6 to simulate the pressure reduction and temperature reduction process of the turbine after the inlet temperature and mass flow rate change.

[0062] S8. Continuously repeat step S5 until the power of the first electric heater 1 is stable, and complete the power increase experiment on the reactor simulation device.

[0063] This experimental method is scientific, rigorous, safe, and reliable. This experimental method can accurately control relevant parameters, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of data. This experimental method supports the simultaneous conduct of multi-region experiments, increasing the amount of information obtained per unit time. This experimental method proposes new experimental means for the Brayton cycle reactor system, promoting relevant experimental research.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for a Brayton cycle reactor system, characterized in that: It includes a reactor simulation device, a turbine simulation device, a non-cooling compressor simulation device, a recuperator (14), a cooler (15) and a data measurement system. The reactor simulation device, the turbine simulation device and the recuperator (14) are connected in series in sequence, and the recuperator (14), the cooler (15) and the non-cooling compressor simulation device are connected in series in sequence; The reactor simulation device includes a first electric heater (1) and a power regulator (2), and the first electric heater (1) is equipped with the power regulator (2); The turbine simulation device includes a first mass flowmeter (5), an electric pressure reducing valve (6) and a printed circuit board cooler (8) connected in sequence. A first electric control valve (7) is provided at the cooling water inlet of the printed circuit board cooler (8); The non-cooling compressor simulation device includes a compressor (9), a third mass flowmeter (13) and a second electric heater (10) connected in sequence. A cooling channel is provided in the compressor (9). A second electric control valve (11) is provided at the inlet of the cooling channel, and a second mass flowmeter (12) is provided at the outlet. The second electric heater (10) is equipped with the power regulator (2); The data measurement system includes a first thermocouple (T1), a second thermocouple (T2), a first pressure transmitter (P1) and a second pressure transmitter (P2) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simulation device, a fourth thermocouple (T4), a fifth thermocouple (T5), a third pressure transmitter (P3) and a fourth pressure transmitter (P4) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the turbine simulation device, a sixth thermocouple (T6), a seventh thermocouple (T7), a fifth pressure transmitter (P5) and a sixth pressure transmitter (P6) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the non-cooling compressor simulation device, and a third thermocouple (T3), an eighth thermocouple (T8) and a ninth thermocouple (T9) arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling channel of the first electric heater (1) and the compressor (9).

2. The experimental device of a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electric heater (1) and the second electric heater (10) are jointly equipped with a power regulator (2).

3. The experimental device of a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power regulator (2) is a three-phase thyristor power regulator.

4. The experimental device of a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electric heater (1) and the second electric heater (10) are both pressure vessel type electric heaters. The first electric heater (1) can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 600 °C; the second electric heater (10) can withstand a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C.

5. The experimental device of a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compressor (9) is a diaphragm compressor, and its rotational speed can be regulated to achieve pressurization from 2 MPa to 4 MPa.

6. An experimental device for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: This experimental device also includes a supporting power distribution system, a numerical control system and a data calculation and analysis system. The power distribution system and the numerical control system include a power distribution cabinet (3). All electrical devices and electrical control equipment are powered and controlled through the power distribution cabinet (3).

7. An experimental device for a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data calculation and analysis system includes a computer (4). The real-time data information of each component in the experimental device is sequentially transmitted to the power distribution cabinet (3) and the computer (4) through cables, and the computer (4) analyzes and calculates the data.

8. An experimental method for an experimental device of a Brayton cycle reactor system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Calibrate the instruments for measuring temperature, pressure and flow rate, and check various cable lines to ensure normal signal transmission; S2. Before starting the experimental device, when the real-time data of the first thermocouple (T1), the second thermocouple (T2), the third thermocouple (T3), the fourth thermocouple (T4), the fifth thermocouple (T5), the sixth thermocouple (T6), the seventh thermocouple (T7), the eighth thermocouple (T8), the ninth thermocouple (T9), the first pressure transmitter (P1), the second pressure transmitter (P2), the third pressure transmitter (P3), the fourth pressure transmitter (P4), the fifth pressure transmitter (P5), the sixth pressure transmitter (P6), the first mass flowmeter (5), the second mass flowmeter (12) and the third mass flowmeter (13) are calculated by the program in the data calculation and analysis system, the electric heating power of the reactor simulation device is 0, the pressure drop and temperature drop of the turbine simulation device are 0, and when the rotational speed of the compressor (9) is set to 0, after calculation by the program, the rotational speed of the compressor (9) and the power of the second electric heater (10) are 0, then start the experimental device; S3. Conduct a rotational speed increase experiment on the compressor simulation device without cooling. Change the rotational speed setting of the compressor (9) through the numerical control system. The program in the data calculation and analysis system calculates the cooling power of the compressor (9) using the real-time data, and transmits the cooling power signal of the compressor (9) to the power regulator (2) to adjust the power of the second electric heater (10) to be the same as the cooling power of the compressor (9); S4. Adjust the opening degree of the second electric control valve (11) through the numerical control system to change the mass flow rate of the cooling water entering the cooling water channel of the compressor (9), and control the cooling power of the compressor (9) to be close to the electric power of the compressor, so as to ensure sufficient cooling, and simulate the process of pressure increase, temperature increase and driving cyclic flow of the compressor without cooling after the rotational speed increase; S5. Conduct a power increase experiment on the reactor simulation device. Change the setting of the external reactivity parameter of the program in the data calculation and analysis system. Through program calculation, obtain the electric heating power at the next moment, input the electric heating power data into the power regulator (2), and the power regulator (2) changes the heating power of the first electric heater (1), and obtain the electric heating power at the next moment through program calculation according to the real-time change data; S6. Conduct a pressure reduction and temperature reduction experiment on the turbine simulation device. Start the calculation program control switch in the device. According to the real-time change data, calculate the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value of the turbine simulation device through program calculation. The program calculates the valve opening values of the electric pressure reducing valve (6) and the first electric control valve (7) at the next moment according to the target pressure reduction value and the target cooling power value, and then controls and adjusts the valve openings of the electric pressure reducing valve (6) and the first electric control valve (7) through the numerical control system; S7. After the temperature, pressure at the inlet of the electric pressure reducing valve (6) and the outlet of the printed circuit board cooler (8) and the mass flow rate of the turbine simulation device change, the experimental device will automatically repeat the program control steps in S6 to simulate the temperature reduction and pressure reduction process of the turbine after the inlet temperature and mass flow rate change; S8. Continuously repeat step S5 until the power of the first electric heater (1) is stable, and complete the power increase experiment of the reactor simulation device.

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