Floor structure, vehicle body and railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a floor structure, a vehicle body and a rail vehicle, and relates to the technical field of rail traffic, the floor structure comprises a walking component layer and a battery layer, and the battery layer is located on one side of the walking component layer; the battery layer comprises a battery pack frame and battery modules, the battery pack frame is provided with mounting positions, and the mounting positions are divided into multiple groups in the length direction of the vehicle; the battery module is mounted at the mounting position of the battery pack frame, the battery module comprises a battery pack and a battery cell integrated in the battery pack, and the battery module is a module-free battery pack. According to the floor structure, the structural design without the module battery pack is adopted, so that the space utilization rate and the energy storage efficiency of the battery layer are effectively improved, and the problems of large occupied space and low energy storage efficiency in a traditional battery grouping mode are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a floor structure, a car body and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the global pursuit of environmentally friendly travel, pure electric trains have gradually become an important development direction in the field of railway transportation due to their advantages of zero emissions and low noise, showing broad application prospects.

[0003] Traditional battery grouping methods have problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency. In rail trains, the volume and weight of the battery pack limit the passenger and cargo space of the train, and at the same time cannot meet the train's requirements for high energy density and long endurance mileage, which to a certain extent restricts the wide application and development of pure electric trains. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a floor structure, which effectively improves the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer by adopting the structural design of a module-free battery pack, and solves the problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency in traditional battery grouping methods. Another purpose of the present application is to provide a car body and a rail vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a floor structure, including a walking component layer and a battery layer, and the battery layer is located on one side of the walking component layer; the battery layer includes:

[0006] A battery pack frame, provided with installation positions, and the installation positions are divided into multiple groups along the length direction of the vehicle;

[0007] Battery modules, installed in the installation positions of the battery pack frame, and the battery modules include battery packs and battery cells integrated in the battery packs, and the battery modules are module-free battery packs.

[0008] In some embodiments, the installation positions are provided with sliding grooves, and the battery modules cooperate with the sliding grooves, and the battery modules can be assembled and disassembled with the battery pack frame along the width direction of the vehicle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery modules are provided with pull handles, and the pull handles are located outside the battery pack frame.

[0010] In some embodiments, the installation positions include a first-side installation position and a second-side installation position, the first-side installation position and the second-side installation position are adjacent to each other in the width direction of the vehicle, and the assembly and disassembly directions of the battery modules in the first-side installation position and the second-side installation position are opposite.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery layer includes a master control system, and the master control system is provided with a wireless transmission device for sending performance data and system information to a receiving terminal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery module includes a battery management system, which is signal-connected to the master control system. The battery management system is used to collect the performance data, fault information, and positioning number of the battery pack; the system information sent by the master control system includes the performance data, fault information, and positioning number of the battery pack.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery management system is provided with a safety protection warning logic, which is divided into three warning levels for warning targets. The first-level warning is for record and statistics, the second-level warning is for pop-up screen prompt, and the third-level warning is for sound and light alarm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a flame retardant layer, a thermal management layer, a battery cell layer, and a shock absorption layer stacked in sequence. The battery cells are arranged in the battery cell layer. When the battery module is installed at the installation position of the battery pack frame, the flame retardant layer is close to the vehicle floor, and the shock absorption layer is far from the vehicle floor.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thermal management layer includes a matrix with flow channels, and a heat-conducting fluid is filled in the matrix. The thermal management layer can heat or cool the battery cell layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes an auxiliary heating layer, which is located between the battery cell layer and the shock absorption layer. The auxiliary heating layer includes a heating film, and a heat-conducting medium is coated on the side of the heating film in contact with the battery cell layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the battery layer further includes a ventilation fan, which is arranged on the battery pack frame, and the battery module is located in the flow field generated by the ventilation fan.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery layer further includes a heat exchange pipeline, which is arranged on the battery pack frame, and the battery module is located in the heat field generated by the heat exchange pipeline.

[0019] In some embodiments, the floor structure further includes an equipment layer. The battery layer, the equipment layer, and the walking component layer are stacked in sequence. The battery layer is close to the vehicle floor, the walking component layer is far from the vehicle floor, and the battery pack frame of the battery layer is integrated with the vehicle floor.

[0020] This application also provides a vehicle body including the above floor structure.

[0021] This application also provides a rail vehicle including the above vehicle body.

[0022] Compared with the above-mentioned background art, the floor structure provided by the present application mainly includes a walking component layer and a battery layer, and the battery layer is located on one side of the walking component layer; the battery layer includes a battery pack frame and battery modules, the battery pack frame is provided with installation positions, and the installation positions are divided into multiple groups along the length direction of the vehicle; the battery modules are installed in the installation positions of the battery pack frame, the battery modules include battery packs and battery cells integrated in the battery packs, and the battery modules are module-free battery packs.

[0023] In the traditional battery grouping method, a three-level assembly mode of "battery cell - module - battery pack" is usually adopted. This mode has problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency. Specifically, since each module requires additional structural parts to fix the battery cells, the overall volume of the battery pack increases, thus restricting the layout space of the battery in the vehicle.

[0024] In view of the above problems, the present application proposes a new type of floor structure, which mainly includes a walking component layer and a battery layer. The battery layer is located on one side of the walking component layer, and this layout enables the battery layer to be better integrated with other components of the vehicle while making full use of the space at the bottom of the vehicle. The core components of the battery layer are the battery pack frame and battery modules. The battery pack frame is provided with installation positions, and these installation positions are divided into multiple groups along the length direction of the vehicle. This grouping method enables the battery modules to be flexibly arranged according to the specific requirements of the vehicle, further optimizing the space utilization.

[0025] More importantly, the battery modules in the present application adopt the design of module-free battery packs. Different from the traditional three-level assembly mode, the module-free battery packs directly integrate the battery cells into the battery packs, eliminating the intermediate module link. This design not only reduces the use of structural parts, reduces the overall weight of the battery pack, but also improves the space utilization rate of the battery pack. Since the outer shell and connecting parts of the module are omitted, the space inside the battery pack can be more efficiently used to accommodate the battery cells, thereby increasing the energy storage capacity of the battery pack. At the same time, the design of the module-free battery pack also helps to improve the energy density of the battery pack, enabling it to better meet the requirements of rail trains for high energy density and long endurance.

[0026] By adopting the design of module-free battery packs, the overall volume of the battery layer is reduced, thus creating more space for the passenger and cargo space of the vehicle. This space optimization not only improves the space utilization efficiency of the vehicle, but also enhances the transportation capacity of the vehicle. In addition, the design of the battery layer also considers the supporting effect on the vehicle floor. Since the battery layer is located on one side of the walking component layer and is integrated with the vehicle floor, the battery layer not only provides the energy storage function, but also plays a supporting role for the vehicle floor, enhancing the overall structural stability of the vehicle.

[0027] Therefore, the floor structure provided by the present application not only effectively improves the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer, but also provides more space for passengers and cargo in the vehicle by optimizing the battery layout. At the same time, the design of the battery layer also plays a supporting role for the vehicle floor, enhancing the overall structural stability of the vehicle. These improvements together solve the problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency in the traditional battery grouping method, and at the same time improve the overall performance and practicality of the vehicle.

[0028] Combined with the above structure and process description, it can be seen that the floor structure has at least the following beneficial effects: By adopting the structural design of the module-free battery pack, the floor structure effectively improves the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer, and solves the problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency in the traditional battery grouping method. Description of the Drawings

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the floor structure provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the battery layer provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the floor structure provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the warning level provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Wherein:

[0036] Floor structure 100,

[0037] Battery layer 10,

[0038] Battery pack frame 1, mounting position 101, one-side mounting position 1011, two-side mounting position 1012,

[0039] Battery module 2, flame retardant layer 201, thermal management layer 202, battery cell layer 203, shock absorption layer 204, auxiliary heating layer 205,

[0040] Walking part layer 20,

[0041] Device layer 30. Specific implementation mode

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art of this technology to better understand the solution of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of the floor structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 and

[0045] is a schematic diagram of the battery layer provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0046] In the traditional battery grouping method, a three-level assembly mode of "cell - module - battery pack" is usually adopted. This mode has problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency. Specifically, since each module requires additional structural parts to fix the cells, the overall volume of the battery pack increases, thus restricting the layout space of the battery in the vehicle.

[0047] To address the above problems, the present application proposes a new type of floor structure 100, which mainly includes a walking component layer 20 and a battery layer 10. The battery layer 10 is located on one side of the walking component layer 20. This layout enables the battery layer 10 to be better integrated with other components of the vehicle while making full use of the space at the bottom of the vehicle. The core components of the battery layer 10 are the battery pack frame 1 and the battery module 2. The battery pack frame 1 is provided with installation positions 101, and these installation positions 101 are divided into multiple groups along the length direction of the vehicle. This grouping method allows the battery module 2 to be flexibly arranged according to the specific requirements of the vehicle, further optimizing the space utilization.

[0048] More importantly, the battery module 2 in this application adopts the design of a module - less battery pack. Different from the traditional three - level assembly mode, the module - less battery pack directly integrates the battery cells into the battery pack, eliminating the intermediate module link. This design not only reduces the use of structural parts, decreases the overall weight of the battery pack, but also improves the space utilization rate of the battery pack. Since the outer shell and connectors of the module are omitted, the space inside the battery pack can be more efficiently used to accommodate the battery cells, thus increasing the energy storage capacity of the battery pack. At the same time, the design of the module - less battery pack also helps to improve the energy density of the battery pack, enabling it to better meet the requirements of rail trains for high energy density and long endurance mileage.

[0049] By adopting the design of a module - less battery pack, the overall volume of the battery layer 10 is reduced, thus creating more space for the passenger and cargo space of the vehicle. This space optimization not only improves the space utilization efficiency of the vehicle, but also enhances the transportation capacity of the vehicle. In addition, the design of the battery layer 10 also considers the supporting effect on the vehicle floor. Since the battery layer 10 is located on one side of the running part layer 20 and is integrated with the vehicle floor, the battery layer 10 not only provides the energy storage function, but also plays a supporting role for the vehicle floor, enhancing the overall structural stability of the vehicle.

[0050] Therefore, the floor structure 100 provided in this application not only effectively improves the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer 10, but also provides more passenger and cargo space for the vehicle by optimizing the battery layout. At the same time, the design of the battery layer 10 also plays a supporting role for the vehicle floor, enhancing the overall structural stability of the vehicle. These improvements jointly solve the problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency in the traditional battery grouping method, while improving the overall performance and practicality of the vehicle.

[0051] Combined with the above - mentioned structure and process description, it can be seen that the floor structure 100 has at least the following beneficial effects: The floor structure 100, by adopting the structure design of a module - less battery pack, effectively improves the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer 10, and solves the problems of large space occupation and low energy storage efficiency in the traditional battery grouping method.

[0052] In some cases, the battery cells in the battery pack are connected in parallel in groups of N and in series in groups of S.

[0053] In some cases, one battery pack is set in each battery module 2.

[0054] In some embodiments, the installation position 101 is provided with a chute, and the battery module 2 is matched with the chute. The battery module 2 can be assembled and disassembled with the battery pack frame 1 along the width direction of the vehicle.

[0055] In this embodiment, the installation position 101 is provided with a sliding groove. This design enables the battery module 2 to be installed and removed from the battery pack frame 1 in a drawer-like movable form. Specifically, the battery module 2 cooperates with the sliding groove, and under the guidance of the sliding groove, the battery module 2 can be smoothly pushed into or pulled out of the battery pack frame 1 along the width direction of the vehicle. This design not only improves the installation and removal efficiency of the battery module 2 but also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the battery module 2.

[0056] When the battery module 2 is installed in place, its stability can be ensured through a locking structure. For example, a clamp and a positioning pin of the limiting device can be used to lock the battery module 2. The clamp can tightly fix the battery module 2 to prevent it from loosening or shifting during operation. At the same time, the positioning pin of the limiting device can further restrict the position of the battery module 2 to ensure its accurate installation within the battery pack frame 1. This locking structure not only guarantees the safety and reliability of the battery module 2 but also enables the battery module 2 to work stably during vehicle operation, providing continuous electrical energy support for the vehicle.

[0057] In some embodiments, the battery module 2 is provided with a pull handle, and the pull handle is located outside the battery pack frame 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, the battery module 2 is provided with a pull handle, and the position of the pull handle is designed outside the battery pack frame 1. This design enables the operator to apply force more conveniently when installing and removing the battery module 2, so as to easily pull out or push the battery module 2 from the battery pack frame 1. The setting of the pull handle not only improves the convenience of operation but also reduces the difficulty of the operator's operation in a narrow space, enhancing the work efficiency of maintaining and replacing the battery module 2.

[0059] In addition, setting the pull handle outside the battery pack frame 1 can also avoid occupying too much space inside the battery pack frame 1 due to the presence of the handle, thus ensuring the full utilization of the internal space of the battery pack frame 1 and further optimizing the space layout of the battery layer 10. This design takes into account the convenience of operation and the efficient use of space while not affecting the installation stability of the battery module 2, providing a more efficient and reliable solution for the daily maintenance and operation of rail vehicles.

[0060] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , in some embodiments, the installation position 101 includes a first-side installation position 1011 and a second-side installation position 1012. The first-side installation position 1011 and the second-side installation position 1012 are adjacent to each other in the width direction of the vehicle, and the installation and removal directions of the battery module 2 in the first-side installation position 1011 and the second-side installation position 1012 are opposite.

[0061] In this embodiment, the installation position 101 is designed to include a one-side installation position 1011 and a two-side installation position 1012, and these two installation positions are arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction of the vehicle. This design allows battery modules 2 to be installed on both sides of the vehicle, thereby improving the space utilization rate and flexibility of the battery layer 10. Specifically, the one-side installation position 1011 and the two-side installation position 1012 are located on different sides of the vehicle. For example, if the one-side installation position 1011 is on the left side of the vehicle, the two-side installation position 1012 is on the right side of the vehicle. This layout enables battery modules 2 to be installed on both sides of the vehicle, further optimizing the space layout of the battery layer 10.

[0062] In addition, the installation and removal directions of the battery module 2 in the one-side installation position 1011 and the two-side installation position 1012 are opposite. For example, the battery module 2 in the one-side installation position 1011 on the left side is inserted from left to right and removed from right to left; while the battery module 2 in the two-side installation position 1012 on the right side is inserted from right to left and removed from left to right. This design of opposite installation and removal directions not only improves the installation and removal efficiency of the battery module 2 but also reduces the difficulty for operators to operate in a narrow space, enhancing the work efficiency of maintaining and replacing the battery module 2. Through this design, operators can conveniently install and remove the battery module 2 on both sides of the vehicle, further improving the maintenance convenience of the vehicle.

[0063] In some embodiments, the battery layer 10 includes a master control system, and the master control system is provided with a wireless transmission device for sending performance data and system information to a receiving terminal.

[0064] In this embodiment, the battery layer 10 is designed to include a master control system equipped with a wireless transmission device. The main function of this device is to send the performance data and system information of the battery layer 10 to a receiving terminal. This design enables the vehicle's operation and maintenance personnel to monitor the battery status in real time, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0065] The master control system is set to be intelligent and has the ability to give early warnings about problems that are about to occur in the battery layer 10 (battery). It can collect the status information of the battery, including but not limited to key parameters such as the total voltage and current of the battery (all battery modules 2, equivalent to the total battery), the voltage and current of a single cell (a single battery module 2, equivalent to a single cell), and the temperature. This information is transmitted in real time to the ground remote monitoring room and the mobile APP of the operation and maintenance personnel through the wireless transmission device. This intelligent design not only improves the efficiency of battery management but also enables the operation and maintenance personnel to take preventive measures before problems occur, thereby reducing potential failure risks.

[0066] In this way, the master control system and the wireless transmission device together constitute an efficient battery monitoring and warning system. This system can not only monitor the battery performance in real time, but also remind the operation and maintenance personnel of possible problems through an intelligent warning mechanism. This design improves the reliability and safety of the battery layer 10 while providing great convenience for the daily operation and maintenance of the vehicle.

[0067] In some embodiments, the battery module 2 includes a battery management system, which is signal-connected to the master control system. The battery management system is used to collect the performance data, fault information and location number of the battery pack; the system information sent by the master control system includes the performance data, fault information and location number of the battery pack.

[0068] In this embodiment, each battery module 2 is equipped with a battery management system, which realizes information interaction with the master control system through signal connection. The main function of the battery management system is to collect the performance data, fault information and location number of the battery pack in real time. Specifically, as a single battery, the battery pack is monitored by the battery management system for key information such as the voltage and temperature of each single battery. For example, the battery management system collects the voltage and temperature of the battery cells through an information collection board and monitors various fault conditions. After the collection work is completed, the battery management system transmits the collected information to the master control system at a cycle of 100 milliseconds.

[0069] This design enables each battery pack to upload its own number and fault code in a timely manner according to its own fault situation. After receiving this information, the master control system can automatically issue repair work orders or related matters, thus realizing the closed-loop management from the detection to the repair of battery pack faults. This process not only improves the efficiency of fault handling, but also ensures the safety and reliability of vehicle operation. At the same time, it also reduces the workload of the operation and maintenance personnel, enabling them to respond and handle battery-related maintenance needs more quickly.

[0070] In some cases, for the convenience of maintenance and quick fault location, the battery module 2 is divided into areas after the floor structure 100 is laid. Specifically, this division starts from the first end of the vehicle and is arranged in sequence from 1 to the second end of the vehicle according to the numbering order. This numbering method gives each battery module 2 a unique identifier, which is convenient for quick location during maintenance and fault troubleshooting.

[0071] In Area 1, the battery module 2 located at the installation position 1011 on one side is numbered 1a, while the battery module 2 located at the installation position 1012 on the other side is numbered 1b. The numbering rules for subsequent areas are similar. For example, in Area 2, they are 2a and 2b. This numbering rule is not only clear and straightforward but also can intuitively reflect the specific position of the battery module 2 in the vehicle. Through this detailed division and numbering method, maintenance personnel can quickly determine the position of any battery module 2, so as to respond quickly and handle it when a fault occurs.

[0072] The design of this area division and numbering system has greatly improved the maintenance efficiency and the accuracy of fault location. It not only makes the maintenance work more systematic and efficient but also reduces the vehicle downtime caused by fault troubleshooting, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency and reliability of the vehicle.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 the schematic diagram of the warning level provided by the embodiment of this application.

[0074] In some embodiments, the battery management system is set with a safety protection warning logic, which is divided into three warning levels for warning targets. The first-level warning is for recording and statistics, the second-level warning is for pop-up screen prompting, and the third-level warning is for sound and light alarm.

[0075] In this embodiment, the battery management system has a safety protection warning logic, which is divided into three warning levels for different warning targets to achieve precise monitoring and timely response to the battery state. Specifically, the warning targets include key parameters such as overcharge, over-discharge, over-temperature, low temperature, state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), etc. Each warning is divided into three levels: the first-level warning, the second-level warning, and the third-level warning.

[0076] The first-level warning is mainly used to record and statistics the abnormal state of the battery. When the parameters of the battery (such as total voltage and current, single-cell voltage and current, etc.) exceed the normal operation range but have not reached a serious level, the system will automatically trigger the first-level warning. At this time, the battery management system will record the relevant data in the historical databases of the single-cell battery and the total battery for subsequent analysis and reference. At the same time, this information will be transmitted to the ground control room and the mobile terminals of the operation and maintenance personnel and uploaded to the system for fault recording.

[0077] The second-level warning is triggered when the abnormal degree of the parameters further intensifies. At this time, in addition to recording and statistics, the system will also remind the operation and maintenance personnel of the abnormal state of the battery by means of pop-up screen prompting. This prompting method can attract the attention of the operation and maintenance personnel in time so that they can take measures in time to prevent the problem from deteriorating further.

[0078] The third-level warning is the highest level of warning, which is triggered when the battery parameters seriously exceed the normal operating range. At this time, the system will activate the audible and visual alarm, and through continuous sound alarm and color flashing reminder, it will attract the high attention of the operation and maintenance personnel. This strong alarm method can ensure that the operation and maintenance personnel respond quickly and deal with the abnormal state of the battery in time, avoiding possible safety risks.

[0079] From the perspective of the whole vehicle, the battery management system transmits the warning information to the vehicle diagnostic network through CAN and TRDP communications. As the warning level gradually rises, the response method of the vehicle diagnostic system also changes from the record and statistics of the first-level warning, to the pop-up prompt of the second-level warning, and then to the continuous sound alarm and color flashing reminder of the third-level warning, gradually strengthening. This hierarchical warning mechanism not only improves the intelligent level of the battery management system, but also enhances the overall safety and reliability of the vehicle, providing a strong guarantee for the daily operation of the vehicle.

[0080] In some cases, typical faults such as battery charging relay, discharging relay, single-cell voltage acquisition failure, and internal communication failure can be transmitted to the vehicle diagnostic network through CAN and TRDP communications or to the ground software operation and maintenance or APP through wireless terminal transmission.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is a schematic diagram of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a flame-retardant layer 201, a thermal management layer 202, a battery cell layer 203, and a shock-absorbing layer 204 that are stacked in sequence. Battery cells are arranged in the battery cell layer 203. When the battery module 2 is installed in the installation position 101 of the battery pack frame 1, the flame-retardant layer 201 is close to the vehicle floor, and the shock-absorbing layer 204 is away from the vehicle floor.

[0083] In this embodiment, the battery pack adopts a stacked structural design, specifically including a flame-retardant layer 201, a thermal management layer 202, a battery cell layer 203, and a shock-absorbing layer 204. This stacking method enables the battery pack to achieve hierarchical optimization in function and is also more reasonable in spatial layout.

[0084] Specifically, the battery cell layer 203 is the core part of the battery pack, in which battery cells are arranged, responsible for the energy storage and output of the battery. To ensure the safety and stability of the battery pack, a thermal management layer 202 and a shock-absorbing layer 204 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the battery cell layer 203. The thermal management layer 202 is located on the upper side of the battery cell layer 203 and is mainly responsible for the temperature control of the battery pack, ensuring the performance and life of the battery under different working conditions through effective thermal management. The shock-absorbing layer 204 is located on the lower side of the battery cell layer 203, playing a role of buffering and shock absorption, protecting the battery cells from external impact and vibration.

[0085] When the battery module 2 is installed at the installation position 101 of the battery pack frame 1, the flame retardant layer 201 is designed to be close to the vehicle floor. This design positions the flame retardant layer 201 at the top layer in the stacking structure of the battery pack, serving as a fireproof isolation layer and effectively preventing the fire that may be triggered in extreme cases of the battery pack from damaging the vehicle floor and other components inside the vehicle. The shock absorption layer 204, on the other hand, is far from the vehicle floor and is located at the bottom layer, providing stable support and shock absorption protection for the battery pack.

[0086] Through this sequential stacking structure design, the battery pack not only achieves multiple guarantees of flame retardancy, thermal management, cell protection, and shock absorption in terms of function, but also realizes optimization in spatial layout, enabling the battery pack to better adapt to the vehicle installation environment and improving the overall performance and safety of the battery system.

[0087] In some embodiments, the thermal management layer 202 includes a matrix provided with flow channels, and a heat-conducting fluid is filled in the matrix. The thermal management layer 202 can heat or cool the cell layer 203.

[0088] In this embodiment, the thermal management layer 202 is designed with a matrix structure with flow channels, and a heat-conducting fluid is filled in the matrix. This design enables the thermal management layer 202 to heat or cool the cell layer 203 as needed. Specifically, the heat-conducting fluid is not limited to traditional coolant or heating fluid, and its selection has a certain degree of flexibility and can be adjusted according to different application scenarios and requirements. For example, the heat-conducting fluid can be a liquid with specific heat conduction properties, and these liquids can efficiently transfer heat within different temperature ranges.

[0089] The structure of the matrix is designed as an aluminum plate with slots. This slot structure not only provides a flow channel for the heat-conducting fluid but also increases the surface area of heat exchange, thereby improving the efficiency of thermal management. The use of the aluminum plate fully utilizes the excellent heat conduction performance of aluminum, further enhancing the function of the thermal management layer 202.

[0090] In practical applications, the circulation mode of the heat-conducting fluid can be internal circulation or external circulation. Internal circulation means that the heat-conducting fluid circulates inside the thermal management layer 202 without connecting to an external liquid path management system. This circulation mode is suitable for battery packs with relatively simple or independent thermal management requirements, which can reduce the dependence on external systems and improve the independence and reliability of the system.

[0091] The outer loop guides the heat transfer fluid to circulate through the liquid path management system connected to the vehicle or an additional liquid path management system. This circulation method enables the thermal management layer 202 to work in coordination with other thermal management systems of the vehicle, achieving more efficient heat management. For example, by connecting to the vehicle's liquid path management system, the thermal management layer 202 can transfer excess heat to other parts of the vehicle for utilization, or obtain heat from other parts of the vehicle to meet the heating or cooling requirements of the battery pack.

[0092] This flexible thermal management design not only improves the adaptability and functionality of the battery pack but also provides more options and optimization space for the overall thermal management of the vehicle. By reasonably selecting the type of heat transfer fluid and the circulation method, the thermal management layer 202 can effectively maintain the cell layer 203 within the optimal operating temperature range, thereby enhancing the performance, lifespan, and safety of the battery.

[0093] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a supplementary heating layer 205, which is located between the cell layer 203 and the shock absorption layer 204. The supplementary heating layer 205 includes a heating film, and a heat conduction medium is coated on the side of the heating film that contacts the cell layer 203.

[0094] In this embodiment, the battery pack further includes a supplementary heating layer 205, whose position is designed between the cell layer 203 and the shock absorption layer 204. This layout enables the supplementary heating layer 205 to directly heat the cell layer 203, thereby providing necessary temperature support for the cell layer 203 in a low-temperature environment and ensuring the normal operating performance of the cells.

[0095] The core component of the supplementary heating layer 205 is the heating film, whose working principle is based on electric heating, similar to common electric heating wires. When an electric current passes through the heating film, heat is generated, and this heat can be directly transferred to the cell layer 203, thereby increasing the temperature of the cells. To ensure that the heat can be evenly transferred to the cell layer 203, a heat conduction medium is coated on the side of the heating film that contacts the cell layer 203. In this embodiment, the heat conduction medium is selected as heat-conducting silicone, which has good heat conduction performance and can ensure that the cell layer 203 is evenly heated, avoiding local overheating or overcooling.

[0096] In addition, the design of the supplementary heating layer 205 focuses on compactness, and its thickness is only about 5 mm. This thin design not only saves space but also enables the supplementary heating layer 205 to quickly respond to temperature changes and timely provide the required heat for the cell layer 203. Different from the heating and cooling dual functions of the thermal management layer 202, the supplementary heating layer 205 mainly focuses on the heating function, especially in a low-temperature environment, to prevent the cell layer 203 from being affected by too low temperature and affecting its performance.

[0097] This design significantly improves the performance of the battery pack in low-temperature environments, while also enhancing the overall reliability and adaptability of the battery pack. Through the heating function of the auxiliary heating layer 205, the battery pack can maintain stable performance within a wider temperature range, thus meeting the usage requirements under different environmental conditions.

[0098] In some embodiments, the battery layer 10 further includes a ventilation fan, which is disposed on the battery pack frame 1, and the battery module 2 is located in the flow field generated by the ventilation fan.

[0099] In this embodiment, the battery layer 10 further includes a ventilation fan, and its installation position is on the battery pack frame 1. The main function of the ventilation fan is to accelerate air flow, thereby providing a heat dissipation function for the entire battery pack. Specifically, the air flow generated by the ventilation fan forms a flow field, and the battery module 2 is located within this flow field. When the ventilation fan operates, it can effectively take away the heat generated by the battery module 2 during operation through air flow, thereby maintaining the battery pack within a relatively stable temperature range.

[0100] This heat dissipation means is for the entire battery pack. It can not only reduce the temperature of the battery module 2, but also improve the thermal environment of the entire battery layer 10. In this way, the ventilation fan helps to extend the service life of the battery, and improve the performance and safety of the battery.

[0101] In some embodiments, the battery layer 10 further includes a heat exchange pipeline, which is disposed on the battery pack frame 1, and the battery module 2 is located in the heat field generated by the heat exchange pipeline.

[0102] In this embodiment, the battery layer 10 further includes a heat exchange pipeline, and its installation position is on the battery pack frame 1. The main function of the heat exchange pipeline is to provide a heat dissipation function for the entire battery pack through liquid cooling. Specifically, the coolant flowing in the heat exchange pipeline can absorb the heat generated by the battery module 2 during operation and transfer it to the external heat dissipation system. The battery module 2 is located in the heat field generated by the heat exchange pipeline, which means that the heat exchange pipeline can effectively export the heat from the battery module 2, thereby maintaining the battery pack within a relatively stable temperature range.

[0103] This heat dissipation method is a liquid cooling pipeline heat dissipation means for the entire battery pack. Compared with traditional air cooling, liquid cooling has higher heat conduction efficiency and can more effectively handle the large amount of heat generated by the battery pack during high-load operation. Through the design of the heat exchange pipeline, the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack has been significantly improved, which helps to extend the service life of the battery and improve the performance and safety of the battery.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a schematic diagram of the floor structure provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0105] In some embodiments, the floor structure 100 further includes an equipment layer 30. The battery layer 10, the equipment layer 30, and the walking component layer 20 are stacked in sequence. The battery layer 10 is close to the vehicle floor, the walking component layer 20 is away from the vehicle floor, and the battery pack frame 1 of the battery layer 10 is integrated with the vehicle floor.

[0106] In this embodiment, the design of the floor structure 100 is optimized by introducing the equipment layer 30 and readjusting the stacking order of each layer. Specifically, the battery layer 10, the equipment layer 30, and the walking component layer 20 are stacked in a certain order. Among them, the battery layer 10 is designed to be close to the vehicle floor, while the walking component layer 20 is located away from the vehicle floor. This design is different from the traditional layout. In the traditional layout, the equipment layer 30 is usually the top layer, while in this design, the position of the equipment layer 30 is adjusted so that the battery layer 10 becomes the top layer adjacent to the vehicle floor.

[0107] The core of this layout adjustment is to integrate the battery layer 10 with the vehicle floor. Specifically, the battery pack frame 1 of the battery layer 10 is integrated with the vehicle floor. This integrated design not only optimizes space utilization but also plays a role in weight reduction. By integrating the battery pack frame 1 with the vehicle floor, additional structural components are reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the entire floor structure. At the same time, this design also enhances the integrity and stability of the floor structure, enabling the battery layer 10 to work better with other vehicle components.

[0108] In addition, this design also provides better protection and support for the battery layer 10. Since the battery layer 10 is close to the vehicle floor, the integrated structure of its battery pack frame 1 and the vehicle floor can effectively disperse the impact force that may be generated during vehicle operation, thereby improving the stability and safety of the battery layer 10. This innovative layout method not only improves the overall performance of the vehicle but also provides convenience for the installation and maintenance of the battery layer 10.

[0109] This application also provides a vehicle body including the above floor structure 100.

[0110] This vehicle body should have all the beneficial technical effects of the above floor structure 100.

[0111] Due to the integration of this innovative floor structure in the vehicle body, it has all the beneficial technical effects of the floor structure 100. These technical effects include, but are not limited to: by optimizing the integrated design of the battery layer 10 and the vehicle floor, the space utilization rate is improved; by adopting the module-free battery pack design, the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer 10 are enhanced; by setting the sliding groove and the pull handle, the convenience of installing and disassembling the battery module 2 is enhanced; by using the intelligent total control system and battery management system, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the battery state are realized; and by various heat dissipation and heating means, the performance and safety of the battery pack under different working conditions are ensured. These improvements together enhance the overall performance and practicality of the vehicle body, making it meet the vehicle operation requirements while also improving the reliability and maintenance efficiency of the vehicle.

[0112] This application also provides a rail vehicle, including the above-mentioned vehicle body.

[0113] This rail vehicle should have all the beneficial technical effects of the above-mentioned floor structure 100.

[0114] Due to the integration of this innovative vehicle body design in the rail vehicle, it has all the beneficial technical effects of the floor structure 100. These technical effects include, but are not limited to: by optimizing the integrated design of the battery layer 10 and the vehicle floor, the space utilization rate is improved; by adopting the module-free battery pack design, the space utilization rate and energy storage efficiency of the battery layer 10 are enhanced; by setting the sliding groove and the pull handle, the convenience of installing and disassembling the battery module 2 is enhanced; by using the intelligent total control system and battery management system, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the battery state are realized; and by various heat dissipation and heating means, the performance and safety of the battery pack under different working conditions are ensured. These improvements together enhance the overall performance and practicality of the rail vehicle, making it meet the vehicle operation requirements while also improving the reliability and maintenance efficiency of the vehicle.

[0115] It should be noted that many components mentioned in this application are common standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or obtained through conventional experimental methods.

[0116] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0117] The above has introduced in detail the floor structure, vehicle body and rail vehicle provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A floor structure, characterized in that, It includes a walking component layer and a battery layer, and the battery layer is located on one side of the walking component layer; the battery layer includes: A battery pack frame provided with installation positions, and the installation positions are divided into multiple groups along the length direction of the vehicle; Battery modules installed in the installation positions of the battery pack frame. The battery modules include battery packs and battery cells integrated in the battery packs, and the battery modules are module-free battery packs.

2. The floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation positions are provided with chutes, and the battery modules are matched with the chutes, and the battery modules can be assembled and disassembled with the battery pack frame along the width direction of the vehicle.

3. The floor structure according to claim 2, wherein, The battery module is provided with a pull handle, and the pull handle is located outside the battery pack frame; and / or, The installation positions include a first-side installation position and a second-side installation position, and the first-side installation position and the second-side installation position are adjacent to each other in the width direction of the vehicle, and the assembly and disassembly directions of the battery module in the first-side installation position and the second-side installation position are opposite.

4. The floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery layer includes a total control system, and the total control system is provided with a wireless transmission device, and the wireless transmission device is used to send performance data and system information to a receiving terminal.

5. The floor structure according to claim 4, wherein The battery module includes a battery management system, and the battery management system is signal-connected to the total control system. The battery management system is used to collect the performance data, fault information and positioning numbers of the battery pack; the system information sent by the total control system includes the performance data, fault information and positioning numbers of the battery pack; and / or, The battery management system is provided with a safety protection warning logic, which is divided into three warning levels for warning targets. The first-level warning is for recording and statistics, the second-level warning is for pop-up screen prompts, and the third-level warning is for sound and light alarms.

6. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein, The battery pack includes a flame-retardant layer, a heat management layer, a battery cell layer and a shock-absorbing layer stacked in sequence. The battery cells are arranged in the battery cell layer. When the battery module is installed in the installation position of the battery pack frame, the flame-retardant layer is close to the vehicle floor, and the shock-absorbing layer is far from the vehicle floor.

7. The floor structure according to claim 6, wherein, The heat management layer includes a matrix provided with flow channels, and a heat-conducting fluid is filled in the matrix. The heat management layer can heat or cool the battery cell layer; and / or, The battery pack further includes an auxiliary heat layer, and the auxiliary heat layer is located between the battery cell layer and the shock-absorbing layer. The auxiliary heat layer includes a heating film, and a heat-conducting medium is coated on one side of the heating film in contact with the battery cell layer.

8. The floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery layer further includes a ventilation fan, and the ventilation fan is arranged on the battery pack frame, and the battery module is located in the flow field generated by the ventilation fan; and / or, The battery layer further includes a heat exchange pipeline, and the heat exchange pipeline is arranged on the battery pack frame, and the battery module is located in the heat field generated by the heat exchange pipeline; and / or, The floor structure further includes an equipment layer, and the battery layer, the equipment layer and the walking component layer are stacked in sequence. The battery layer is close to the vehicle floor, the walking component layer is far from the vehicle floor, and the battery pack frame of the battery layer is integrated with the vehicle floor.

9. A vehicle body, characterized in that, It includes the floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An orbital vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the vehicle body according to claim 9.

Images