Furnace and kettle integrated biomass thermal cracking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a furnace-kettle integrated biomass thermal cracking device which comprises a furnace body, a spherical sealing cover with a discharge pipe, bearing legs, a reaction kettle, a combined heating pipe, a fan and a circulating ventilation pipe, according to the technical scheme, gas flames in the two heating pipes can be always in an uprush state, gas can be fully combusted, heat of the gas can completely heat the bottom of the reaction kettle, and gas consumption is reduced. According to the device, the energy consumption for processing each ton of raw materials is reduced by more than 50% by utilizing a biomass thermal cracking technical principle. The invention has the characteristics of fast heating temperature rise, increased heat internal circulation speed, increased internal space, improved production efficiency and energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, and in particular to a furnace and kettle integrated biomass pyrolysis device. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis is a thermal conversion technology that compresses biomass raw materials such as plant straws, wood scraps, corn cob cores, and peanut shells into blocks and heats them in a closed environment with lack of oxygen or inert gas to produce combustible gas, charcoal, and liquid bio-oil. Bio-oil can be used as fuel or a chemical raw material for refining chemicals to replace fossil fuels. The combustible gas is used for reactor heating or power generation. The hydrogen-rich gas can be purified and utilized. Biochar can be used as a soil conditioner, adsorbent, or further processed into activated carbon for carbon sequestration or environmental protection materials. In practical applications, the high-temperature medium-pressure process of biomass pyrolysis gas generally has a temperature between 300 and 600 °C, and the air pressure in the reaction kettle is between 2 and 30 Kpa, containing a large amount of combustible gas, plant tar, and various biomass acids. The inventor of the present application has applied for "A Biomass Pyrolysis Heating Furnace" with the patent number ZL2015 2 0184114.6, and "A Biomass Pyrolysis Reaction Kettle" with the patent number ZL201520183871.1. After years of practical application, it is found that the above-mentioned equipment has the following problems: First, the thermal efficiency is low, wasting energy; second, the outflow speed of the internal pyrolysis gas is slow, affecting the carbonization quality; third, the internal pressure bearing capacity is low and it is easy to deform; fourth, the temperature resistance is low, the welds are prone to cracks, and it is easy to be corroded and aged, and the equipment is not durable. In view of the problems existing in the original technical equipment, the inventor has made further improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a furnace and kettle integrated biomass pyrolysis device, which has the characteristics of fast heating and temperature rise, increased internal heat circulation speed, increased internal space, improved production efficiency, and energy saving.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A furnace and kettle integrated biomass pyrolysis device, including a furnace body, a spherical cover with a discharge pipe, and load-bearing feet, further including a reaction kettle and a combined heating tube located inside the furnace body. The combined heating tube includes two U-shaped heating tubes with the same structure. The U-shaped opening direction of the left heating tube is opposite to that of the right heating tube. The two heating tubes are correspondingly inclined and installed inside the bottom of the reaction kettle. The right part of the left heating tube is cross-connected with the left part of the right heating tube. Burners are provided at the flame inlet ends of the two heating tubes and are located outside the furnace body. The flame outlet ends of the two heating tubes are both located inside the reaction kettle, and the flame outlet ends of the two heating tubes are both higher than the flame inlet ends.

[0005] The above-mentioned integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device further includes two fans and a pair of circulating ventilation pipes. The spherical cover is hermetically connected to the upper port of the reaction kettle through a flange. Air outlets are respectively arranged on the upper parts of both side walls of the reaction kettle, and air inlets are respectively arranged on the lower parts of both side walls. The circulating ventilation pipes are respectively connected between the air outlets and the air inlets. The fan blades are installed in the upper part of the circulating ventilation pipe and outside the air outlet.

[0006] The above-mentioned integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device further includes a support frame, a raw material basket and a dirt screen. The lower part of the reaction kettle is provided with a spherical bottom. The support frame is fixed on the spherical bottom. The raw material basket is located on the support frame, and the dirt screen is located between the support frame and the raw material basket.

[0007] The above-mentioned integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device further includes a heating tube bracket. The heating tube bracket is connected to the support frame and fixes two U-shaped heating tubes.

[0008] The above-mentioned integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device further includes a nitrogen inlet pipe, a discharge pipe, an exhaust gas discharge port and a temperature probe. The nitrogen inlet pipe is connected to the wall of the lower part of the furnace body and communicates with the inside of the reaction kettle. The discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the spherical cover. The exhaust gas discharge port is two elbows and is symmetrically connected to the upper parts of both side walls of the furnace body. The temperature probe is installed on the spherical cover.

[0009] An integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device provided by the present invention includes a furnace body, a spherical cover with a discharge pipe and load-bearing feet, and further includes a reaction kettle and a combined heating tube located inside the furnace body. The combined heating tube includes two U-shaped heating tubes with the same structure. The U-shaped opening directions of the left heating tube and the right heating tube are opposite. The two heating tubes are correspondingly inclined and installed inside the bottom of the reaction kettle. The right part of the left heating tube and the left part of the right heating tube are cross-connected. Burners are arranged at the flame inlet ends of the two heating tubes and are located outside the furnace body. The flame outlet ends of the two heating tubes are both located inside the reaction kettle, and the flame outlet ends of the two heating tubes are higher than the flame inlet ends.

[0010] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0011] First, the U-shaped opening directions of the two U-shaped heating tubes are opposite and are correspondingly inclined and installed inside the bottom of the reaction kettle. Burners are arranged at the flame inlet ends of the two heating tubes and are located outside the furnace body. The flame outlet ends of the two heating tubes are both located inside the reaction kettle, and the flame outlet ends of the two heating tubes are higher than the flame inlet ends. This technical solution can make the gas flames in the two heating tubes always be in an upward flushing state, the gas can be fully burned, all the heat is used to heat the biomass raw material briquette, and the gas consumption is saved.

[0012] Second, the reactor of the device is located inside the road furnace body, reducing heat dissipation. Through the fan and the circulating ventilation pipe, the hot air flow inside the reactor circulates continuously from top to bottom, shortening the raw material heating time, ensuring that the raw materials are burned through quickly, and further saving energy.

[0013] Third, a nitrogen inlet pipe, a discharge pipe, and an exhaust gas outlet are provided to ensure the normal production process, enabling the raw material briquettes to be heated, cooled, and then smoothly converted into combustible gas, charcoal, and liquid bio-oil.

[0014] The device utilizes the principle of biomass pyrolysis technology. Aiming at the problems of the original technical equipment, it fundamentally solves problems such as sealing, pressure resistance, condensation, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, greatly improving the carbonization heating effect and thermal efficiency. Through actual production operations, the time for carbonizing each furnace of biomass has been shortened from the original 12 - 14 hours to 6 - 10 hours; the production capacity has increased from the original 3.0 - 3.6 tons of biomass pyrolysis per furnace each time to 6 - 7 tons of biomass pyrolysis per furnace each time, more than twice the original, and the energy consumption per ton of raw materials processed has been reduced by more than 50%. The present invention has the characteristics of fast heating and temperature rise of biomass raw material briquettes, increased internal heat circulation speed, increased internal space, improved production efficiency, and energy savings. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the combined heating pipe in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the bottom view of

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the left view of

[0019] Figure 5 is Figure 3 the top view of

[0020] Figure 6 is Figure 3 the A - A view in

[0021] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the B - B view in

[0022] The reference numerals of each component in the figure are: load-bearing feet 1, flame inlet end 2, furnace body 3, waste gas discharge port 4, fan motor 5, flange 6, spherical cover 7, discharge pipe 8, reaction kettle 9, burner 10, nitrogen inlet pipe 11, temperature probe 12, circulating ventilation pipe 13, fan 14, left heating pipe 15, furnace chamber 16, furnace wall insulation layer 17, flame outlet end 18, raw material bin 19, dirt screen 20, support frame 21, air outlet 22, air inlet 23, spherical bottom 24, heating pipe bracket 25, support feet 26, raw material basket 27, right heating pipe 28. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, a furnace-kettle integrated biomass pyrolysis device provided by the present invention has the following usage process: The reaction kettle 9 is a highly sealed anaerobic dry distillation reaction kettle. Biomass raw material briquettes are heated to 350 - 400 °C in the raw material basket 27. During the heating-up process, the temperature is controlled and adjusted through the temperature probe 12 and the burner 10. When the temperature of the raw material briquettes reaches 270 °C, pyrolysis gas begins to be generated and is discharged outwards through the discharge pipe 8 and enters the condensation and filtration process. Finally, the combustible gas is stored in a storage container. During continuous production, about 30% of the combustible gas generated by this device can be used as the fuel for the burner 10, and the remaining about 70% of the combustible gas can be used for power generation or civil use. The material bin 19 in the reaction kettle 9 can accommodate about 7 - 10 tons of biomass raw material briquettes with a compaction density of more than 1.0. Each time, 6 raw material baskets 27 are filled with raw material briquettes, and they are lifted into the reaction kettle at one time and the spherical cover 7 is quickly sealed, then ignition and heating can be carried out. The U-shaped heating pipe equipped with the burner 10 directly heats inside the reaction kettle 9, which can ensure that about 70% of the heat energy is dissipated inside the reaction kettle 9. The two fans 14 can make the heat in the reaction kettle 9 circulate, so as to synchronously improve the carbonization speed, product quality and thermal efficiency. The raw materials in the reaction kettle 9 are heated and carbonized for 8 - 12 hours. After the fire is stopped for 1 - 2 hours, nitrogen is input into the reaction kettle 9 through the nitrogen inlet pipe 11 to extinguish the fire and cool down to about 150 °C, then the spherical cover 7 can be opened, and the finished carbon is lifted to an anaerobic chamber to continue cooling and extinguishing the fire. It takes 16 - 24 hours for this device to pyrolyze one furnace of carbon.

[0025] According to the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can also make appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device, comprising a furnace body (3), a spherical cover (7) with a discharge pipe (8), and load-bearing feet (1), characterized in that, It further includes a reaction kettle (9) and a combined heating tube located inside the furnace body (3). The combined heating tube includes two U-shaped heating tubes with the same structure. The U-shaped opening direction of the left heating tube (15) is opposite to that of the right heating tube (28). The corresponding inclined parts of the two heating tubes are installed inside the bottom of the reaction kettle (9). The right part of the left heating tube (15) and the left part of the right heating tube (28) are cross-connected. Burners (10) are provided at the flame inlet ends (2) of both heating tubes and are located outside the furnace body (3). The flame outlet ends (18) of both heating tubes are located inside the reaction kettle (9), and the flame outlet ends (18) of both heating tubes are higher than the flame inlet ends (2).

2. The integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes two fans (14) and a pair of circulating ventilation pipes (13). The spherical cover (7) is hermetically connected to the upper port of the reaction kettle (9) through a flange (6). Air outlet openings (22) are respectively provided on the upper side walls of the two sides of the reaction kettle (9), and air inlet openings (23) are respectively provided on the lower side walls of the two sides. The circulating ventilation pipes (13) are respectively connected between the air outlet openings (22) and the air inlet openings (23). The fan blades of the fans (14) are installed inside the upper part of the circulating ventilation pipes (13) and are located outside the air outlet openings (22).

3. The integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a support frame (21), a raw material basket (27) and a dirt screen (20). A spherical bottom (24) is provided at the lower part of the reaction kettle (9). The support frame (21) is fixed on the spherical bottom (24). The raw material basket (27) is located on the support frame (21), and the dirt screen (20) is located between the support frame (21) and the raw material basket (27).

4. The integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes a heating tube bracket (25). The heating tube bracket (25) is connected to the support frame (21) and fixes the two U-shaped heating tubes.

5. The integrated furnace and kettle biomass pyrolysis device according to claim 4, wherein, It further includes a nitrogen inlet pipe (11), a discharge pipe (8), an exhaust gas discharge port (4) and a temperature probe (12). The nitrogen inlet pipe (11) is connected to the wall at the lower part of the furnace body (3) and is communicated with the inside of the reaction kettle (9). The discharge pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the spherical cover (7). The exhaust gas discharge port (4) is composed of two elbows and is symmetrically connected to the upper side walls of both sides of the furnace body (3). The temperature probe (12) is installed on the spherical cover (7).

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