Nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapidly extracting

Abstract

The invention discloses a nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapidly extracting, which relates to the field of nucleic acid extraction and comprises a base, a driving assembly, a lifting assembly and a cracking assembly. According to the present invention, the extraction liquid is split by the arranged splitting mechanism, such that the pathogen nucleic acid in the sample cell is released from the sample cell and is fused in the extraction liquid, and when the splitting mechanism splits the sample cell, the splitting motor drives the splitting mechanism through the transmission mechanism to break and split the sample cell so as to accelerate the extraction speed of the pathogen nucleic acid; the rotating shaft is driven by the arranged cracking motor to rotate, so that the rotating shaft drives the cracking knife to rotationally cut sample cells in an extracting solution, the cracking knife can conveniently crush the sample cells, pathogen nucleic acid is fused into the extracting solution after the sample cells are crushed, the extraction speed of the pathogen nucleic acid is increased, and meanwhile subsequent separation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nucleic acid extraction, and particularly relates to a nucleic acid extraction device that can rapidly extract nucleic acid. Background Art

[0002] Pathogens refer to microorganisms (including bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, fungi), parasites, or other agents (microbial recombinants including hybrids or mutants) that can cause infectious diseases in humans or animals and plants. Nucleic acid is the general term for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which is a biological macromolecular compound polymerized by many nucleotide monomers and is one of the most basic substances of life. Nucleic acid is a type of biological polymer, an essential component of all known life forms, the most important substance among all biological molecules, and is widely present in all animal and plant cells and microorganisms. Currently, nucleic acids of pathogens are often extracted for research in medicine and research.

[0003] For example, in the patent with the publication number CN114317230A, the publication date of April 12, 2022, and the title "Nucleic Acid Extraction and Detection Equipment and Nucleic Acid Extraction and Detection Method", the patent includes a first mounting rack; a nucleic acid extraction mechanism, a carrying mechanism, a first pipetting mechanism, and a clamping mechanism all mounted on the first mounting rack; the carrying mechanism is used to carry a first reagent kit; the first pipetting mechanism is used to aspirate the nucleic acid extracted by the nucleic acid extraction mechanism into the first reagent kit carried by the carrying mechanism for amplification; a second mounting rack; a transfer mechanism, a nucleic acid detection mechanism, and a transfer mechanism all mounted on the second mounting rack; the transfer mechanism includes a transfer plate for carrying the first reagent kit; when the transfer plate is in the first position, the transfer mechanism is used to transfer the first reagent kit located on the transfer plate to the nucleic acid detection mechanism; wherein, when the nucleic acid extraction device and the nucleic acid detection device are docked with each other, when the transfer plate is in the second position, it can extend into the first mounting rack, and the clamping mechanism can clamp the first reagent kit carried on the carrying mechanism onto the transfer plate, reducing the test error and improving the test speed.

[0004] Although the existing nucleic acid extraction devices can perform nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection, avoiding the need for manual placement of the extracted nucleic acid into the nucleic acid detection device for testing. At the same time, the nucleic acid extraction device and the nucleic acid detection device are independently set, with a wide range of uses. However, the existing devices rarely stir and break the mixed solution of the lysis solution and the sample to accelerate the lysis speed of the sample cells during nucleic acid extraction, thus prolonging the nucleic acid extraction time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nucleic acid extraction device that can rapidly extract nucleic acid to solve the above deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A nucleic acid extraction device that can be quickly extracted, including a base. A driving component is arranged at the upper end of the base, a nucleic acid extraction device is arranged at the upper end of the driving component, a lifting component is arranged at the upper end of the nucleic acid extraction device, and the nucleic acid extraction device further includes: A lysis component, which is arranged at the lower end of the lifting component. The lysis component includes a lysis motor, which is arranged at the lower end of the lifting component. A transmission mechanism is arranged at the output end of the lysis motor. Lysis mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the circumference at the lower end of the lifting component. The upper end of the lysis mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism. The lysis motor drives the lysis mechanism to break and lyse sample cells to release pathogen nucleic acids through the transmission mechanism; The lysis mechanism includes a support frame. A plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged along the circumference on the support frame. Each mounting hole is provided with a lysis cylinder in a snap-fit manner. A plurality of covers are arranged below the lifting component. The number of covers is the same as the number of lysis cylinders. When the upper ends of the lysis cylinders and the covers approach each other directly, they are sealed by a first sealing ring. Each lysis cylinder is provided with a rotating shaft in a sliding manner. A plurality of lysis knives are uniformly arranged along the circumference at the lower end of each rotating shaft.

[0007] As described above, the lifting component is arranged at the upper end of the base. The lifting component includes a mounting frame. An electric push rod is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the mounting frame. Two guide rods are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame. The upper ends of the guide rods are arranged on the gantry in a sliding manner.

[0008] As described above, a plurality of rotating plates are rotatably arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder. At least two first springs are arranged between the rotating plates and the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder. A sealing member is arranged on the outer side of the rotating plate. The rotating plate and the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder are dynamically sealed through the sealing member. When the plurality of rotating plates are closed, they can form a complete circle to seal the lower end of the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder.

[0009] As described above, the cross-section of the lysis knife is triangular, and a plurality of side edges are arranged on the hypotenuse of the lysis knife.

[0010] As described above, the lysis mechanism further includes a plurality of material guiding frames, which are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating shaft. An outlet frame is arranged above each lysis knife, and the number of outlet frames is the same as the number of material guiding frames. The outlet frames and the material guiding frames are connected and communicated through a plurality of connecting pipes.

[0011] As described above, the cracking assembly further includes a conveying mechanism disposed on the cracking mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is capable of conveying the extract after being cracked by the cracking mechanism to the lower end of the cracking cylinder.

[0012] As described above, the conveying mechanism includes a plurality of sliding blocks. Each middle part of the cover plate is provided with one of the sliding blocks in a sliding manner. A second spring is disposed between the sliding block and the cover plate. A pressing plate is disposed at the lower end of the sliding block. The shape of the pressing plate is adapted to the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder, and a dynamic seal is provided between the pressing plate and the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder.

[0013] As described above, it further includes a separation assembly. The separation assembly is disposed in the middle of the upper end of the base. The separation assembly is driven by the driving assembly to rotate so that the extract is stratified, and the separation assembly is directly below the cracking assembly.

[0014] As described above, the separation assembly includes a plurality of separation cylinders. The lower end of the separation cylinder is rotatably disposed on the upper end of the base. A sealing ring is disposed inside the upper end of the separation cylinder. A dynamic seal is provided between the upper end of the separation cylinder and the lower end of the cracking cylinder through the sealing ring. Gear teeth are disposed at the lower end of the separation cylinder.

[0015] As described above, the driving assembly includes a driving motor. A driving gear is disposed at the output end of the driving motor. A rotating plate is rotatably disposed in the middle of the upper end of the base. A first gear ring and a second gear ring are disposed at the upper end of the rotating plate, and the second gear ring is located inside the first gear ring. The outer end of the first gear ring meshes with the driving gear, and the inner sides of the first gear ring and the second gear ring mesh with the gear teeth at the lower end of the separation cylinder.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention cracks the extract through the provided cracking mechanism, so that the pathogen nucleic acid in the sample cells is released from the sample cells and fused in the extract. When the cracking mechanism cracks the sample cells, the cracking motor drives the cracking mechanism to crush and crack the sample cells through the transmission mechanism, accelerating the extraction speed of the pathogen nucleic acid; The present invention drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the provided cracking motor, so that the rotating shaft drives the cracking knife to rotate and cut the sample cells in the extract, so as to enable the cracking knife to perform a crushing process on the sample cells, so that the pathogen nucleic acid is incorporated into the extract after the sample cells are broken, accelerating the extraction speed of the pathogen nucleic acid and facilitating subsequent separation at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic perspective view of the nucleic acid extraction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic plan view of the nucleic acid extraction device provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Provided by another embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view taken along line A-A; Figure 4 Provided by another embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view taken along line B-B; Figure 5 Schematic perspective view of the rotating plate, the first gear ring and the second gear ring provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the lysis mechanism, the conveying mechanism, the separation cylinder and the gear teeth provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Cross-sectional view between the lysis assembly (except the lysis motor) and the separation assembly provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic perspective view of the support frame and the mounting hole provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the lysis knife and the side edge provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Provided by another embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 Partial enlarged view at position M.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. Driving assembly; 20. Driving motor; 21. Driving gear; 22. Rotating plate; 23. First gear ring; 24. Second gear ring; 3. Lifting assembly; 30. Mounting frame; 31. Electric push rod; 32. Guide rod; 33. Gantry; 4. Lysing assembly; 40. Lysing motor; 41. Lysing mechanism; 410. Support frame; 4100. Groove; 411. Mounting hole; 412. Lysing cylinder; 4120. Rotating plate; 4121. First spring; 413. Cover plate; 414. Rotating shaft; 415. Lysing knife; 4150. Side edge; 416. Feeding frame; 417. Discharge frame; 418. Connecting pipe; 42. Conveying mechanism; 420. Sliding block; 421. Second spring; 422. Pressing plate; 5. Separation assembly; 50. Separation cylinder; 500. Teeth; 501. Retaining ring; 502. Porous filter cotton. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "inner", "outer", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0022] As Figures 1-10 shown, a nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1. A driving assembly 2 is arranged at the upper end of the base 1. A nucleic acid extraction device is arranged at the upper end of the driving assembly 2. A lifting assembly 3 is arranged at the upper end of the nucleic acid extraction device. The nucleic acid extraction device further includes: A lysing assembly 4, the lysing assembly 4 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting assembly 3. The lysing assembly 4 includes a lysing motor 40. The lysing motor 40 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting assembly 3. A transmission mechanism is arranged at the output end of the lysing motor 40. Lysing mechanisms 41 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the lifting assembly 3. The upper ends of the lysing mechanisms 41 are connected to the transmission mechanism. The lysing motor 40 drives the lysing mechanisms 41 through the transmission mechanism to break and lyse sample cells to release pathogen nucleic acids; The cracking mechanism 41, the cracking mechanism 41 includes a support frame 410, a plurality of mounting holes 411 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the support frame 410, and each mounting hole 411 is provided with a cracking cylinder 412 in a snap - fit manner. A plurality of cover plates 413 are arranged below the lifting assembly 3. The number of cover plates 413 is the same as the number of cracking cylinders 412, and when the upper ends of the cracking cylinders 412 and the cover plates 413 approach each other directly, they are sealed by a first sealing ring. Each cracking cylinder 412 is provided with a rotating shaft 414 in a sliding manner, and a plurality of cracking knives 415 are uniformly arranged along the circumference at the lower end of each rotating shaft 414.

[0023] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the lifting assembly 3 is arranged at the upper end of the base 1. The lifting assembly 3 includes a mounting frame 30. An electric push rod 31 is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the mounting frame 30, and two guide rods 32 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame 30. The upper ends of the guide rods 32 are arranged on the gantry 33 in a sliding manner; The specific implementation method is as follows: Before extracting pathogens from the mixed liquid of the extraction liquid lysate and the sample, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to rise vertically, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the cracking motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 to rise vertically, so that the cover plate 413 is separated from the cracking cylinder 412, and at the same time the rotating shaft 414 is disengaged from the cracking cylinder 412. At this time, the cracking cylinder 412 can be removed, and the liquid to be extracted is added into the cracking cylinder 412. After the addition of the liquid to be extracted is completed, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to descend vertically, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the cracking motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 to descend vertically, so that the rotating shaft 414 is inserted into the cracking cylinder 412 again and the cover plate 413 is pressed on the upper end of the cracking cylinder 412. At the same time, the first sealing ring can seal between the cover plate 413 and the cracking cylinder 412. And when the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to move vertically, the guide rod 32 can guide and limit the moving mounting frame 30, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the cracking motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 to move accurately, avoiding the situation that the cracking motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 are displaced during movement and difficult to work normally.

[0024] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, a plurality of rotating plates 4120 are arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412 in a rotating manner. At least two first springs 4121 are arranged between the rotating plates 4120 and the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412. A sealing member is arranged on the outer side of the rotating plate 4120. The rotating plate 4120 and the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412 are connected by dynamic sealing through the sealing member, and when the plurality of rotating plates 4120 are closed, they can form a complete circle to seal the lower end of the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412; The specific implementation method is as follows: Add the liquid to be extracted into the cracking cylinder 412. When the liquid to be extracted is placed, the first spring 4121 squeezes the rotating plate 4120 connected to it, causing multiple rotating plates 4120 to close up into a complete circle, so that the multiple rotating plates 4120 after closing can seal the lower end of the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412. At the same time, the sealing parts provided on the outer side of the rotating plate 4120 can seal between the rotating plate 4120 and the rotating plate 4120, and between the rotating plate 4120 and the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412, to prevent the liquid to be extracted from leaking; after the liquid to be extracted is placed, the cracking motor 40 drives the cracking mechanism 41 to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the transmission mechanism drives multiple rotating shafts 414 to rotate simultaneously, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive the multiple cracking knives 415 provided on them to rotate, so that the cracking knives 415 cut the liquid to be extracted in the cracking cylinder 412 when rotating, so that the rotating shafts 414 break the cells in the liquid to be extracted in the cracking cylinder 412 through the multiple cracking knives 415, so that the cracking knives 415 destroy the host cell and pathogen structures to release nucleic acids.

[0025] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the cross-section of the cracking knife 415 is triangular, and multiple side blades 4150 are provided on the hypotenuse of the cracking knife 415; The specific implementation method is as follows: The cracking motor 40 drives multiple rotating shafts 414 to rotate simultaneously through the transmission mechanism, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive the multiple cracking knives 415 provided on them to rotate, so that the cracking knives 415 break the cells in the liquid to be extracted in the cracking cylinder 412, so that the cracking knives 415 destroy the host cell and pathogen structures to release nucleic acids. And to ensure the effect and efficiency of the cracking knife 415 in breaking the cell membrane, multiple side blades 4150 provided on the hypotenuse of the cracking knife 415 are used to break the liquid to be extracted together, ensuring that the cell membranes in the liquid to be extracted can be fully broken, so that the pathogen nucleic acids can be released and incorporated into the liquid to be extracted after being released.

[0026] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the cracking mechanism 41 further includes multiple material guiding frames 416, the material guiding frames 416 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 414, and a discharge frame 417 is provided above each cracking knife 415, and the number of the discharge frames 417 is the same as the number of the material guiding frames 416, and the discharge frames 417 and the material guiding frames 416 are connected and communicated through multiple connecting pipes 418; The specific implementation method is as follows: The cracking motor 40 drives multiple rotating shafts 414 to rotate simultaneously through a transmission mechanism, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive multiple cracking knives 415 arranged thereon to rotate, thereby enabling the cracking knives 415 to break the cells in the liquid to be extracted in the cracking cylinder 412. At this time, the cracking motor 40 drives multiple rotating shafts 414 to rotate through a transmission mechanism, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive multiple material guiding frames 416 arranged thereon to rotate, enabling the extraction liquid to enter the rotating material guiding frames 416. Moreover, the cracking motor 40 drives the material guiding frames 416 to continue rotating through the transmission mechanism and the rotating shafts 414, so that the extraction liquid in the material guiding frames 416 is directly conveyed to the discharge frame 417 through multiple connecting pipes 418, thereby enabling the extraction liquid to be sprayed from the discharge frame 417 towards the cracking knives 415. And the diameter of the connecting pipe 418 is much smaller than the length of the material guiding frame 416. In this way, the flow rate of the extraction liquid entering the discharge frame 417 from the connecting pipe 418 and then sprayed out through the discharge frame 417 increases, so as to enable the cracking knives 415 and the side blades 4150 thereon to improve the cracking efficiency and enhance the cracking effect.

[0027] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the cracking assembly 4 further includes a conveying mechanism 42. The conveying mechanism 42 is arranged on the cracking mechanism 41, and the conveying mechanism 42 can convey the extraction liquid cracked by the cracking mechanism 41 to the lower end of the cracking cylinder 412. The specific implementation method is as follows: The cracking motor 40 drives multiple rotating shafts 414 to rotate simultaneously through a transmission mechanism, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive multiple cracking knives 415 arranged thereon to rotate, thereby enabling the cracking knives 415 to break the cells in the liquid to be extracted in the cracking cylinder 412. The electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue descending, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the rotating shafts 414 to descend along the cracking cylinder 412, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive the cracking knives 415 to crack and break the extraction liquid at different depths in the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412. After the extraction liquid is broken, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue descending. At this time, the mounting frame 30 descends and presses the conveying mechanism 42, so that the conveying mechanism 42 descends vertically along the rotating shafts 414, and the conveying mechanism 42 presses the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412, so that the conveying mechanism 42 increases the pressure of the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412 on the rotating plate 4120, enabling the rotating plate 4120 to press the first spring 4121 to rotate inside the cracking cavity, and enabling the rotating plate 4120 to release the seal on the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, so that the extraction liquid drops from the cracking cylinder 412.

[0028] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the conveying mechanism 42 includes a plurality of sliding blocks 420. A sliding block 420 is slidably provided in the middle of each cover plate 413, and the sliding block 420 is slidably sleeved outside the rotating shaft 414. There is a dynamic seal between the rotating shaft 414 and the sliding block 420. A second spring 421 is provided between the sliding block 420 and the cover plate 413. A pressing plate 422 is provided at the lower end of the sliding block 420. The shape of the pressing plate 422 is adapted to the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412, and there is a dynamic seal between the pressing plate 422 and the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412; The specific implementation method is as follows: The electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue to descend, so that the mounting frame 30 descends and presses the upper end of the sliding block 420, thereby causing the sliding block 420 to press the second spring 421 and descend along the cover plate 413, so that the pressing plate 422 at the lower end of the sliding block 420 presses the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412, and further causes the pressing plate 422 to increase the pressure of the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412 on the rotating plate 4120, so that the extraction liquid drives the rotating plate 4120 to press the first spring 4121 and rotate inside the cracking cavity, so that the rotating plate 4120 disperses and releases the seal on the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, so that the extraction liquid drops from the cracking cylinder 412; and after the extraction liquid drops from the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, after the pressure in the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412 decreases, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to rise vertically, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the rotating shaft 414 to rise. At this time, the second spring 421 drives the sliding block 420 to rise and reset along the cover plate 413. At the same time, the first spring 4121 can drive the rotating plate 4120 to rotate in the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412, so that the plurality of rotating plates 4120 are closed again and the lower end of the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412 is sealed again; when the sliding block 420 moves along the cover plate 413, the rotating shaft 414 guides and limits the sliding rod to prevent the sliding block 420 from shaking during movement, resulting in leakage of the extraction liquid from the pressing plate 422.

[0029] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, it further includes a separation assembly 5. The separation assembly 5 is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the base 1. The separation assembly 5 is driven to rotate by the driving assembly 2 to stratify the extraction liquid, and the separation assembly 5 is directly below the cracking assembly 4; The specific implementation method is as follows: The sliding block 420 drives the pressing plate 422 to descend and increases the pressure of the extraction liquid on the rotating plate 4120, so that the extraction liquid drives the rotating plate 4120 to press the first spring 4121 and rotate inside the cracking cavity, so that the rotating plate 4120 disperses and releases the seal on the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, so that the extraction liquid drops from the cracking cylinder 412 into the separation assembly 5, so that the separation assembly 5 drives the cracked extraction liquid to rotate, so that the separation assembly 5 centrifugally stratifies the extraction liquid, so that the nucleic acid of the pathogen is separated out in the extraction liquid.

[0030] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the separation component 5 includes a plurality of separation cylinders 50. The lower end of the separation cylinder 50 is rotatably arranged on the upper end of the base 1. A sealing ring is arranged inside the upper end of the separation cylinder 50. A dynamic seal is formed between the upper end of the separation cylinder 50 and the lower end of the cracking cylinder 412 through the sealing ring. A gear 500 is arranged at the lower end of the separation cylinder 50; The specific implementation method is as follows: The sliding block 420 drives the pressing plate 422 to descend and increases the pressure of the extraction liquid on the rotating plate 4120, so that the extraction liquid drives the rotating plate 4120 to squeeze the first spring 4121 and rotate inside the cracking cavity, so that the rotating plate 4120 disperses and releases the seal on the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, so that the extraction liquid drops from the cracking cylinder 412 into the separation cylinder 50. After the extraction liquid falls into the separation cylinder 50, the driving component 2 drives the separation cylinder 50 to rotate on the base 1 through the gear 500 at the lower end of the separation cylinder 50, so that the separation cylinder 50 drives the extraction liquid to rotate, so that the extraction liquid undergoes centrifugal stratification in the separation cylinder 50, so that nucleic acids such as pathogens in the extraction liquid are in the upper layer, and cell membranes, proteins, etc. are in the middle and lower layers of the separation cylinder 50.

[0031] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the driving component 2 includes a driving motor 20. A driving gear 21 is arranged at the output end of the driving motor 20. A rotating plate 22 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the upper end of the base 1. A first gear ring 23 and a second gear ring 24 are arranged at the upper end of the rotating plate 22, and the second gear ring 24 is located inside the first gear ring 23. The outer end of the first gear ring 23 meshes with the driving gear 21, and the inner sides of the first gear ring 23 and the second gear ring 24 mesh with the gear 500 at the lower end of the separation cylinder 50; The specific implementation method is as follows: After the extraction liquid falls from the cracking cylinder 412 into the separation cylinder 50, the driving motor 20 drives the driving gear 21 to rotate, so that the driving gear 21 drives the rotating plate 22 to rotate on the base 1, so that the rotating plate 22 drives the first gear ring 23 and the second gear ring 24 arranged thereon to rotate synchronously, so that the first gear ring 23 and the second gear ring 24 drive the separation cylinder 50 meshing with them to rotate on the base 1 through the gear 500 respectively, and then the separation cylinder 50 drives the extraction liquid therein to rotate, so that the extraction liquid undergoes centrifugal stratification, so that nucleic acids such as pathogens are in the upper layer of the extraction liquid, and cell membranes, proteins, etc. of the sample are in the middle and lower layers of the extraction liquid. At the same time, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue to rise vertically, so that the cover plate 413 is separated from the cracking cylinder 412. At this time, the cracking cylinder 412 and the separation cylinder 50 are removed and the pathogen nucleic acids in the separation cylinder 50 are collected. After the pathogen nucleic acids are collected, the cracking cylinder 412 and the separation cylinder 50 are cleaned to facilitate the next extraction work.

[0032] Furthermore, a retaining ring 501 is provided on the lower side inside the separation cylinder 50. A flared opening is formed between the retaining ring 501 and the separation cylinder 50, and the necking of the flared opening faces the bottom of the separation cylinder 50. In this way, when the drive motor 20 drives the separation cylinder 50 to rotate on the base 1 through the first gear ring 23 and the second gear ring 24 on the rotating plate 22, the cell membranes, proteins, etc. with large mass are at the bottom of the separation cylinder 50 after centrifugation. The retaining ring 501 can prevent the cell membranes, proteins, etc. from returning to the upper layer of the extraction solution due to the vibration during centrifugation and when removing the separation cylinder 50, ensuring the separation effect of the extraction solution.

[0033] Even further, a notch is also provided on the lower side inside the separation cylinder 50, and a porous filter cotton 502 is arranged in the notch. In this way, during centrifugation, the porous filter cotton 502 can adsorb the cell membranes, proteins, etc., avoiding the contamination of the pathogen nucleic acid separated from the extraction solution.

[0034] Particularly, a groove 4100 is formed at the upper end of the support frame 410. When adding the extraction solution into the lysis cylinder 412 and removing the lysis cylinder 412 from the mounting hole 411 on the support frame 410, to avoid sample contamination caused by the spilled extraction solution, the spilled sample is drained through the groove 4100, preventing the spilled sample from entering the lysis cylinder 412 and causing sample contamination.

[0035] Working principle: Before extracting pathogens from the mixture of the extraction lysate and the sample, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to rise vertically, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the lysis motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 to rise vertically, so that the cover plate 413 is separated from the lysis cylinder 412, and at the same time the rotating shaft 414 is disengaged from the lysis cylinder 412. At this time, the lysis cylinder 412 can be removed, and the liquid to be extracted is added to the lysis cylinder 412. After the addition of the liquid to be extracted is completed, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to descend vertically, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the lysis motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 to descend vertically, so that the rotating shaft 414 is inserted back into the lysis cylinder 412 and the cover plate 413 is pressed against the upper end of the lysis cylinder 412. At the same time, the first sealing ring can seal between the cover plate 413 and the lysis cylinder 412. When the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to move vertically, the guide rod 32 can guide and limit the mounting frame 30 during movement, so that the mounting frame 30 drives the lysis motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 to move accurately, avoiding the situation that it is difficult to work normally due to the deviation of the lysis motor 40, the transmission mechanism, the cover plate 413 and the rotating shaft 414 during movement; Add the liquid to be extracted into the lysis cylinder 412. When the liquid to be extracted is placed, the first spring 4121 squeezes the rotating plate 4120 connected to it, so that the plurality of rotating plates 4120 are closed to form a complete circle, so that the plurality of closed rotating plates 4120 can seal the lower end of the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder 412. At the same time, the sealing parts provided on the outer side of the rotating plate 4120 can seal between the rotating plate 4120 and the rotating plate 4120, and between the rotating plate 4120 and the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder 412, avoiding the leakage of the liquid to be extracted; After the liquid to be extracted is placed, the lysis motor 40 drives the lysis mechanism 41 to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the transmission mechanism drives a plurality of rotating shafts 414 to rotate simultaneously, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive a plurality of lysis knives 415 arranged thereon to rotate, so that when the lysis knives 415 rotate, the liquid to be extracted in the lysis cylinder 412 is cut, so that the rotating shafts 414 break the cells in the liquid to be extracted in the lysis cylinder 412 through a plurality of lysis knives 415, so that the lysis knives 415 destroy the host cell and pathogen structures to release nucleic acids; the lysis motor 40 drives a plurality of rotating shafts 414 to rotate simultaneously through the transmission mechanism, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive a plurality of lysis knives 415 arranged thereon to rotate, so that the lysis knives 415 break the cells in the liquid to be extracted in the lysis cylinder 412, so that the lysis knives 415 destroy the host cell and pathogen structures to release nucleic acids, and to ensure the effect and efficiency of the lysis knives 415 in breaking the cell membrane, a plurality of side blades 4150 are arranged on the inclined edges of the lysis knives 415 to break the liquid to be extracted together, ensuring that the cell membranes in the liquid to be extracted can be fully broken, so that the pathogen nucleic acids can be released and incorporated into the liquid to be extracted after being released; the lysis motor 40 drives a plurality of rotating shafts 414 to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the rotating shafts 414 drive a plurality of material guiding frames 416 arranged thereon to rotate, so that the extraction liquid enters the rotating material guiding frames 416, and the lysis motor 40 drives the material guiding frames 416 to continue to rotate through the transmission mechanism and the rotating shafts 414, so that the extraction liquid in the material guiding frames 416 is directly conveyed to the discharge frame 417 through a plurality of connecting pipes 418, so that the extraction liquid is sprayed from the discharge frame 417 onto the lysis knives 415, and the diameter of the connecting pipes 418 is much smaller than the length of the material guiding frames 416, so that the flow rate of the extraction liquid ejected from the discharge frame 417 after entering the discharge frame 417 from the connecting pipes 418 increases, so that the lysis knives 415 and the side blades 4150 thereon can improve the breaking efficiency and enhance the breaking effect;The electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue descending, causing the mounting frame 30 to drive the rotating shaft 414 to descend along the cracking cylinder 412, so that the rotating shaft 414 drives the cracking knife 415 to crack and crush the extraction liquid at different depths inside the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412. After the extraction liquid is crushed, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue descending. At this time, the mounting frame 30 descends to squeeze the conveying mechanism 42, causing the conveying mechanism 42 to descend vertically along the rotating shaft 414, so that the conveying mechanism 42 squeezes the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412, in order to enable the conveying mechanism 42 to increase the pressure of the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412 on the rotating plate 4120, causing the rotating plate 4120 to squeeze the first spring 4121 and rotate inside the cracking cavity, so that the rotating plate 4120 releases the seal on the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, thereby enabling the extraction liquid to fall from the cracking cylinder 412. Specifically, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to continue descending, causing the mounting frame 30 to descend and squeeze the upper end of the sliding block 420, so that the sliding block 420 squeezes the second spring 421 and descends along the cover plate 413, causing the pressing plate 422 at the lower end of the sliding block 420 to squeeze the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412, and further enabling the pressing plate 422 to increase the pressure of the extraction liquid in the cracking cylinder 412 on the rotating plate 4120, causing the extraction liquid to drive the rotating plate 4120 to squeeze the first spring 4121 and rotate inside the cracking cavity, so that the rotating plate 4120 disperses and releases the seal on the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, thereby enabling the extraction liquid to fall from the cracking cylinder 412; and after the extraction liquid falls from the bottom of the cracking cylinder 412, when the pressure inside the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412 decreases, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting frame 30 to rise vertically, causing the mounting frame 30 to drive the rotating shaft 414 to rise. At this time, the second spring 421 drives the sliding block 420 to rise and reset along the cover plate 413. At the same time, the first spring 4121 can drive the rotating plate 4120 to rotate inside the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412, causing the plurality of rotating plates 4120 to close again and seal the lower end of the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder 412 again; when the sliding block 420 moves along the cover plate 413, the rotating shaft 414 guides and limits the sliding rod, preventing the sliding block 420 from shaking during movement and causing the extraction liquid to leak from the pressing plate 422;The sliding block 420 drives the pressing plate 422 to descend and increases the pressure of the extraction liquid on the rotating plate 4120, causing the extraction liquid to drive the rotating plate 4120 to squeeze the first spring 4121 and rotate inside the lysis chamber, so that the rotating plate 4120 disperses and releases the seal on the bottom of the lysis cylinder 412. As a result, the extraction liquid drops from the lysis cylinder 412 into the separation cylinder 50. After the extraction liquid falls into the separation cylinder 50, the drive assembly 2 drives the separation cylinder 50 to rotate on the base 1 through the teeth 500 at the lower end of the separation cylinder 50, causing the separation cylinder 50 to drive the extraction liquid to rotate, so that the extraction liquid undergoes centrifugal stratification in the separation cylinder 50, with pathogens and other nucleic acids in the upper layer of the extraction liquid and cell membranes, proteins, etc. in the middle and lower layers of the separation cylinder 50. Specifically, after the extraction liquid falls from the lysis cylinder 412 into the separation cylinder 50, the drive motor 20 drives the drive gear 21 to rotate, causing the drive gear 21 to drive the rotating plate 22 to rotate on the base 1. As a result, the rotating plate 22 drives the first gear ring 23 and the second gear ring 24 provided thereon to rotate synchronously, causing the first gear ring 23 and the second gear ring 24 to drive the separation cylinder 50 engaged with them to rotate on the base 1 through the teeth 500 respectively. Furthermore, the separation cylinder 50 drives the extraction liquid therein to rotate, causing the extraction liquid to undergo centrifugal stratification, so that pathogens and other nucleic acids are in the upper layer of the extraction liquid, and the cell membranes, proteins, etc. of the sample are in the middle and lower layers of the extraction liquid. At the same time, the electric push rod 31 drives the mounting bracket 30 to continue rising vertically, causing the cover plate 413 to separate from the lysis cylinder 412. At this time, the lysis cylinder 412 and the separation cylinder 50 are removed, and the pathogen nucleic acids in the separation cylinder 50 are collected. After the pathogen nucleic acids are collected, the lysis cylinder 412 and the separation cylinder 50 are cleaned to facilitate the next extraction operation.;

[0036] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration. Without doubt, for those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications can be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction device that can be quickly extracted, comprising a base (1), a driving component (2) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1), a nucleic acid extraction device is arranged at the upper end of the driving component (2), and a lifting component (3) is arranged at the upper end of the nucleic acid extraction device, characterized in that, The nucleic acid extraction device further includes: A lysis assembly (4), the lysis assembly (4) is arranged at the lower end of the lifting assembly (3), the lysis assembly (4) includes a lysis motor (40), the lysis motor (40) is arranged at the lower end of the lifting assembly (3), a transmission mechanism is arranged at the output end of the lysis motor (40), lysis mechanisms (41) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the lifting assembly (3), the upper ends of the lysis mechanisms (41) are connected to the transmission mechanism, and the lysis motor (40) drives the lysis mechanisms (41) through the transmission mechanism to break and lyse sample cells to release pathogen nucleic acids; The lysis mechanism (41), the lysis mechanism (41) includes a support frame (410), a plurality of mounting holes (411) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the support frame (410), a lysis cylinder (412) is arranged in each mounting hole (411) in a snap-fit manner, a plurality of cover plates (413) are arranged below the lifting assembly (3), the number of the cover plates (413) is the same as the number of the lysis cylinders (412), and when the upper ends of the lysis cylinders (412) are directly close to each other, they are sealed by a first sealing ring. A rotating shaft (414) is arranged in each lysis cylinder (412) in a sliding manner, and a plurality of lysis knives (415) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower end of each rotating shaft (414).

2. The nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 1, wherein The lifting assembly (3) is arranged at the upper end of the base (1), the lifting assembly (3) includes a mounting frame (30), an electric push rod (31) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the mounting frame (30), two guide rods (32) are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame (30), and the upper ends of the guide rods (32) are arranged on the gantry (33) in a sliding manner.

3. The nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of rotating plates (4120) are arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder (412) in a rotating manner, at least two first springs (4121) are arranged between the rotating plates (4120) and the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder (412), a sealing member is arranged on the outer side of the rotating plates (4120), the rotating plates (4120) and the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder (412) are dynamically sealed through the sealing member, and when the plurality of rotating plates (4120) are closed, they can form a complete circle to seal the lower end of the inner cavity of the lysis cylinder (412).

4. A nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 1, wherein, The cross section of the lysis knife (415) is triangular, and a plurality of side blades (4150) are arranged on the hypotenuse of the lysis knife (415).

5. A nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lysis mechanism (41) further includes a plurality of material guiding frames (416), the material guiding frames (416) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (414), a discharge frame (417) is arranged above each lysis knife (415), the number of the discharge frames (417) is the same as the number of the material guiding frames (416), and the discharge frames (417) and the material guiding frames (416) are connected and communicated through a plurality of connecting pipes (418).

6. The nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cracking assembly (4) further includes a conveying mechanism (42). The conveying mechanism (42) is arranged on the cracking mechanism (41), and the conveying mechanism (42) can convey the extract after being cracked by the cracking mechanism (41) to the lower end of the cracking cylinder (412).

7. The nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 6, wherein, The conveying mechanism (42) includes a plurality of sliding blocks (420). Each middle part of the cover plate (413) is provided with one sliding block (420) in a sliding manner, and the sliding block (420) is sleeved outside the rotating shaft (414) in a sliding manner. A dynamic seal is provided between the rotating shaft (414) and the sliding block (420). A second spring (421) is provided between the sliding block (420) and the cover plate (413). A pressing plate (422) is provided at the lower end of the sliding block (420). The shape of the pressing plate (422) is adapted to the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder (412), and a dynamic seal is provided between the pressing plate (422) and the inner cavity of the cracking cylinder (412).

8. A nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a separation assembly (5). The separation assembly (5) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the base (1). The separation assembly (5) is driven by the driving assembly (2) to rotate so that the extract is stratified, and the separation assembly (5) is directly below the cracking assembly (4).

9. The nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 8, wherein, The separation assembly (5) includes a plurality of separation cylinders (50). The lower end of the separation cylinder (50) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the base (1). A sealing ring is arranged inside the upper end of the separation cylinder (50). A dynamic seal is provided between the upper end of the separation cylinder (50) and the lower end of the cracking cylinder (412) through the sealing ring. Gear teeth (500) are provided at the lower end of the separation cylinder (50).

10. A nucleic acid extraction device capable of rapid extraction according to claim 9, characterized in that, The driving assembly (2) includes a driving motor (20). A driving gear (21) is arranged at the output end of the driving motor (20). A rotating plate (22) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the upper end of the base (1). A first gear ring (23) and a second gear ring (24) are arranged at the upper end of the rotating plate (22), and the second gear ring (24) is located inside the first gear ring (23). The outer end of the first gear ring (23) is engaged with the driving gear (21). The inner sides of the first gear ring (23) and the second gear ring (24) are engaged with the gear teeth (500) at the lower end of the separation cylinder (50).

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