Roadbed detection sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision

Abstract

The invention discloses roadbed detection sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision in the technical field of roadbed detection, and the roadbed detection sampling equipment comprises a bottom plate which is provided with a through hole, and also comprises two frame plates which are detachably arranged on the bottom plate and can be mutually spliced into a ring body; the two limiting pieces are arranged on the bottom plate and are symmetrically distributed about the circle center point of the bottom plate; according to the invention, when the excavation size of the test hole only needs to meet the requirement that the lantern ring descends in the test hole, the lantern ring in the test hole can be directly and stably positioned according to the size of the test hole; the size of the test hole is changed from a through hole which is originally located at a fixed position to the bottom end of the lantern ring which is gradually reduced along with the excavation depth of the test hole to serve as an excavation reference, and the reference point of the excavation size of the test hole is prevented from deviating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roadbed detection, in particular to a roadbed detection sampling device for highway engineering supervision. Background Art

[0002] In highway engineering supervision, the sand filling method is often used to measure the compaction of the roadbed during roadbed inspection and sampling. The method involves digging a test hole on the roadbed and taking the soil inside the test hole as a sampling sample. Then, the soil or aggregate in the test hole is replaced with standard sand. The actual dry density of the sample is calculated based on the water content of the soil, thereby evaluating the compaction of the roadbed. like Figure 1 As shown, when taking soil samples, the bottom plate needs to be placed on the roadbed, and then the diameter O of the through hole on the bottom plate is used as a reference to ensure the diameter of the test hole during excavation. The more important factors affecting the accuracy of the roadbed detection results are the size and shape of the test hole, that is, when excavating the test hole, it should be noted that the shape of the test hole should be cylindrical, avoiding the upper part being larger and the lower part being smaller or the upper part being smaller and the lower part being larger, and avoiding the irregular shape of the test hole causing the volume of the soil to change during sampling and affecting the accuracy of the detection; In actual use, there are two factors that affect the excavation and sampling of test holes: 1. As the test hole is excavated, the bottom plate needs to be lifted up several times to place the soil stored above into the container, which will cause the subsequent placement of the bottom plate to deviate from the first placement position, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, by extending the position Q where the bottom plate is first placed upward, it can be concluded that the excavation diameter of the test hole when the bottom plate is first placed is based on the distance L1 between the two vertical lines a. When the bottom plate is lifted up for the first time or put down after being lifted up for multiple times, the placement position P of the bottom plate will deviate from the position Q where the bottom plate is first placed. At this time, the excavation diameter of the test hole is likely to be based on the distance L2 between the two vertical lines b again, which will lead to an increase in the variable (error) due to chiseling during the excavation of the test hole. At this time, the following will occur: Figure 4 The vertical ideal test hole side wall line T1 shown changes to a wavy actual test hole side wall T2, and then the test hole diameter changes, causing the soil sampling to change, affecting the accuracy of subsequent tests; 2. After the base plate is placed on the roadbed, the excavation size of the test hole is based on the through hole on the base plate. During excavation, the staff needs to visually inspect the size of the test hole after actual excavation and continuously repair and visually inspect the diameter of the test hole based on their own judgment. However, the staff's visual inspection is in a bird's-eye view and they will squint at the size of the through hole and the test hole after excavation at different positions. That is, at this time, the staff's observation line R will be in the following position: Figure 3 This will cause the size of the test hole to differ from the reference through-hole diameter O at different viewing angles (oblique view and top view at different positions), which will increase the variables during excavation and repair. Figure 4the situation shown in , and as the excavation depth of the test hole increases, it is more likely to cause an increase in variables at different observation positions, thus affecting the accuracy of sampling and the accuracy of subsequent test results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a subgrade inspection and sampling device for highway engineering supervision to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A subgrade inspection and sampling device for highway engineering supervision, including a bottom plate, through holes are opened on the bottom plate, and further includes: Two frame plates, the two frame plates are detachably arranged on the bottom plate, and the two frame plates can be spliced with each other into a ring body; Two limit members, the two limit members are both arranged on the bottom plate and symmetrically distributed about the center point of the bottom plate; Two support rods, the two support rods are both L-shaped and are respectively slidably connected to the two limit members; A number of sleeve rings, the number of sleeve rings are detachably connected to the support rods and the sleeve rings can slide along both ends of the support rods, the diameter of the sleeve rings is equal to the diameter of the through holes on the bottom plate, and a number of sleeve rings are used to be sleeved on the support rods one by one as the excavation depth of the sand pit increases so as to regularize the excavation of the sand pit.

[0005] As a further scheme of the present invention, the support rod is detachably connected to the limit member, wedge-shaped blocks are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two limit members, trigger rods are slidably connected to the inner walls on the left and right sides of the support rod, a first spring is fixedly connected between the trigger rod and the inner wall of the support rod, a number of one-way gears are rotatably arranged on the trigger rod, the one-way gears can only rotate in one direction, the bottom of the support rod is inserted into the two limit members and when sliding down, the wedge-shaped block will push the trigger rod to slide along the support rod, and first rack bars are fixedly connected to the corresponding positions on the left and right side walls of the number of sleeve rings.

[0006] As a further scheme of the present invention, a support member is commonly arranged below the two limit members, the support member is circular ring-shaped and is slidably connected to the bottom plate.

[0007] As a further scheme of the present invention, a toothed ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom plate, gear rods are rotatably connected to the limit members, the two gear rods are both meshed with the toothed ring, the ends of the two gear rods are both meshed with second rack bars, the two second rack bars are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the support rod, when the support member rotates, the gear rods are meshed with the toothed ring and rotate, and drive the support rod and the sleeve rings sleeved on the support rod to lift and lower in the sand pit through the second rack bars.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the collar is composed of two arc-shaped members and two connecting members. The two arc-shaped members are respectively slidably connected to the two connecting members, and both arc-shaped members can slide along the support rod; A turntable is slidably connected to the support member. Two push rods are rotatably connected to the top end of the turntable. The other ends of the two push rods are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the two limit members. The two limit members are both slidably connected to the support member. A second spring is fixedly connected between the limit member and the support member. A plurality of first handrails and second handrails are respectively fixedly connected to the support member and the turntable. The bottom ends of the two support rods can slide relative to each other.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, guide rods are fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the two connecting members, and guide holes are provided at positions corresponding to the guide rods on the side walls of the two arc-shaped members.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, blanking holes are provided on both of the two frame plates.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, two positioning grooves are provided on the bottom plate, and positioning ends are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two frame plates.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, when the size of the test hole excavation only needs to satisfy that the collar can descend inside the test hole, the collar inside the test hole can be directly and stably positioned by the size of the test hole, so that the size of the test hole changes from the through hole that was originally in a fixed position to the bottom end of the collar that gradually descends with the excavation depth of the test hole as the excavation reference, avoiding the deviation of the reference point for the test hole excavation size. Moreover, this reference only acts to enable the descent of the collar and will not change due to the change of the visual point of the operator's eyes, thereby ensuring the regularity of the hole opening and size, avoiding over-excavation, and ensuring that the amount of soil sampling will not deviate due to the change of the test hole size during subsequent soil sampling, guaranteeing the accuracy of the subsequent test results. 2. In the present invention, as the excavation depth of the test hole increases, the number of collars inside it will also increase correspondingly, but the top of the collar will not protrude excessively above the bottom plate horizontal plane. Therefore, when excavating the test hole, it can avoid interfering with the construction actions of the operator's arm and the excavation device. And as the number of collars sunk inside the test hole increases, it can protect the side wall of the test hole, preventing the operator from accidentally digging and colliding with the inner wall of the test hole during construction, thus changing the size of the inner wall of the test hole. 3. After the two arc-shaped members approach each other, their side walls will not contact the inner wall of the test hole, and only the connecting member contacts the inner wall of the test hole. Then, when the test hole excavation is completed and the second handrail is pinched tightly and the support member is rotated to raise the rod to the highest position, when removing the collar from the inside of the test hole, the friction between the collar and the inner wall of the test hole can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the damage to the soil layer on the inner wall of the already excavated test hole, avoiding soil shedding, and improving the accuracy of soil sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate as a reference and the test hole to be excavated; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the deviation generated after the first placement and multiple placements of the bottom plate; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the observation lines when observing the bottom plate at different positions; Figure 4 Schematic diagram when the size error of the test hole is large; Figure 5 General structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 For Figure 5 Partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the size of the test hole when excavating with the collar as the reference in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the collar inside the test hole in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the collar increase and the test hole depth in the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the collar and the support rod of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the support rod, the trigger rod and the limiting member of the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the state of the trigger rod and the wedge block when the support rod and the limiting member of the present invention are installed; Figure 13 Schematic diagrams of the one-way gear and the first rack bar when the wedge block of the present invention pushes the trigger rod and after separating from the trigger rod; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the bottom plate, the toothed ring and the support member of the present invention; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the turntable, the support member, the limiting member and the push rod of the present invention; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the gear rod, the push rod and the limiting member of the present invention; Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the push rod and the limiting member when the turntable of the present invention rotates relative to the support member; Figure 18 Schematic diagrams before and after the arc-shaped member slides along the connecting member of the present invention; Figure 19 Schematic diagrams before and after the collar and the test hole of the present invention descend; Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between two support rods of the present invention; Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the partial schematic diagram of the bottom plate and the frame plate of the present invention.

[0014] The reference signs are as follows: 1. Bottom plate; 2. Frame plate; 3. Limiting member; 4. Support rod; 5. Collar; 6. Wedge block; 7. Trigger rod; 8. First spring; 9. One-way gear; 10. First rack bar; 11. Support member; 12. Toothed ring; 13. Gear rod; 14. Second rack bar; 15. Arc-shaped member; 16. Connecting member; 17. Turntable; 18. Push rod; 19. Second spring; 20. First handrail; 21. Second handrail; 22. Guide rod; 23. Feeding hole; 24. Positioning groove; 25. Positioning end. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] Please refer to Figures 1 - 21, the present invention provides a technical solution: a subgrade inspection and sampling device for highway engineering supervision, including a bottom plate 1 with through holes formed thereon, and further including two frame plates 2, two limiting members 3, two support rods 4 and a plurality of collars 5. The two frame plates 2 are detachably arranged on the bottom plate 1, and the two frame plates 2 can be spliced with each other to form a ring body; the two limiting members 3 are both arranged on the bottom plate 1 and symmetrically distributed about the center point of the bottom plate 1; the two support rods 4 are both L-shaped and are respectively slidably connected to the two limiting members 3; the plurality of collars 5 are detachably connected to the support rods 4 and the collars 5 can slide along both ends of the support rods 4. The diameter of the collars 5 is equal to the diameter of the through holes on the bottom plate 1. The plurality of collars 5 are used to be sleeved on the support rods 4 one by one as the excavation depth of the sand pit increases, so as to make the excavation of the sand pit regular.

[0016] As Figures 5 - 11 shown: During use, place the bottom plate 1 on the subgrade surface, and excavate the test hole downward with reference to the size of the through hole. Ensure that the soil will not be scattered outside the bottom plate 1 and the frame plate 2 during excavation. As the excavation depth of the test hole increases, the visual inspection of the size of the test hole by the staff will deviate, which easily leads to changes in the size of the test hole and affects the volume of subsequent soil sampling, thereby reducing the accuracy of the test results. During the excavation of the test hole, the bottom end of the support rod 4 will gradually extend into the test hole. When the excavation depth of the test hole is greater than the height of the collar 5, sleeve the collar 5 on the support rod 4 so that the collar 5 can slide up and down along the support rod 4, and directly slide the collar 5 down along the support rod 4 to the bottom of the test hole; At this time, the collar 5, the support rod 4 and the test hole are in the state shown in Figure 7 g1. At this time, the collar 5 is at the position of a1, and the bottom of the test hole is lower than the collar 5 at this time. At this time, there is no need to excavate the test hole with reference to the through hole. It is only necessary to make the excavation size of the test hole meet the requirement that the collar 5 can descend from a1 to a2 in the test hole after being pressed down, that is, only the area where the collar 5 at the position of a2 coincides with the shadow surface of the lower subgrade needs to be excavated. When the excavation depth of the test hole gradually increases, only the number of collars 5 needs to be increased so that the collars 5 are vertically arranged on the support rod 4 and inside the test hole, that is, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown. At this time, the size of the test hole can be continuously restricted. When the number of collars 5 increases, it is necessary to press the uppermost collar 5 so that the lower collars 5 can slide down along the support rod 4 and the inner wall of the test hole to prevent the collars 5 from staying under the action of mutual friction with the inner wall of the test hole; When the size of the test hole excavation only needs to meet the requirement that the collar 5 can descend inside the test hole, the collar 5 inside the test hole can be stably positioned directly by the size of the test hole, so that the size of the test hole changes from the through hole that was originally in a fixed position to the bottom end of the collar 5 that gradually descends with the excavation depth of the test hole as the excavation reference, avoiding the deviation of the reference point of the test hole excavation size. Moreover, this reference only needs to enable the descent of the collar 5 and will not change due to the change of the visual point of the staff's eyes, thus ensuring the regularity of the hole opening and size, avoiding excessive excavation, and ensuring that the amount of soil sampling will not deviate due to the change of the test hole size during subsequent soil sampling, guaranteeing the accuracy of subsequent test results; Moreover, as the excavation depth of the test hole increases, the number of collars 5 inside it will also increase correspondingly. However, the top end of the collar 5 will not protrude excessively above the horizontal plane of the bottom plate 1. Therefore, when excavating the test hole, it can avoid interfering with the construction actions of the staff's arms and the excavation devices. Also, as the number of collars 5 sunk inside the test hole increases, it can protect the side wall of the test hole, preventing the staff from accidentally digging and colliding with the inner wall of the test hole during construction, which may cause changes in the size of the inner wall of the test hole; The soil excavated from the test hole is dumped onto the frame plate 2. When there is a large amount of soil on the frame plate 2, the frame plate 2 can be directly removed from the bottom plate 1 to dump the sampled soil above into the inside of the storage container, thus avoiding the situation in the traditional method where the bottom plate 1 is separated from the roadbed surface, causing the reference point position to constantly change and the reference point of the test hole excavation size to keep changing.

[0017] The support rod 4 is detachably connected to the limiting member 3. Wedge blocks 6 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both limiting members 3. Trigger rods 7 are slidably connected to the inner walls on the left and right sides of the support rod 4. A first spring 8 is fixedly connected between the trigger rod 7 and the inner wall of the support rod 4. A number of one-way gears 9 are rotatably arranged on the trigger rod 7. The one-way gear 9 can only rotate in one direction. When the bottom of the support rod 4 is inserted into the two limiting members 3 and slides downward, the wedge block 6 will push the trigger rod 7 to slide along the support rod 4. First rack bars 10 are fixedly connected to the corresponding positions of the left and right side walls of a number of collars 5 and the one-way gear 9.

[0018] As Figures 11 - 13 shown: As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the end of the support rod 4 is in an H shape. After its bottom end is inserted into the limiting member 3, it can slide up and down along the limiting member 3. The limiting member 3 and the side wall of the collar 5 respectively match the two sides of the limiting member 3, thus meeting the relative sliding. And after the bottom end of the support rod 4 slides up to the highest position, it can be separated from the limiting member 3; After the support rod 4 is sleeved on the two limit members 3, push the support rod 4 to slide down along the limit member 3. At this time, the wedge block 6 will contact the bottom of the trigger rod 7 and push the trigger rod 7 to slide inside the support rod 4 (as shown in b1, b2, and b3 in Figure 12 ) and compress the first spring 8. At this time, the one-way gear 9 will also move along with the trigger rod 7. When the wedge block 6 contacts the side wall of the trigger rod 7, it will keep pushing the side wall of the trigger rod 7 to make the trigger rod 7 stay in this position. When the collar 5 is sleeved on the support rod 4 and slides down along the support rod 4, the first rack bar 10 will mesh with the one-way gear 9 during the descending process and make the one-way gear 9 rotate. And the one-way gear 9 can only be driven to rotate when the first rack bar 10 descends. So at this time, the collar 5 and the first rack bar 10 will be subjected to a one-way restriction that can only slide down along the support rod 4 but cannot rise, as shown in c1 in Figure 13 ; Then after the test hole is excavated, by sliding down the support rod 4, the collar 5 can be sunk into the test hole to provide an excavation reference. And when the support rod 4 slides down, even if there is friction between the inner wall of the test hole and the collar 5, it will not drive the collar 5 to slide up along the support rod 4, reducing the cumbersome steps of manual adjustment. But when the support rod 4 is not manually pushed down, the static friction between the collar 5 and the inner wall of the test hole can make the support rod 4 and the collar 5 stay in this position, so as to provide a reference for the excavation of the test hole through the collar 5; After the support rod 4 is pulled up, it will directly drive the collar 5 to rise. When the test hole excavation is completed, directly pull up the support rod 4 until it is separated from the limit member 3. When the trigger rod 7 does not contact the wedge block 6, the first spring 8 will directly drive the trigger rod 7 and the one-way gear 9 to move inside the support rod 4 in a direction away from the first rack bar 10 and separate from the first rack bar 10, as shown in the state of c2 in Figure 13 . At this time, the one-way restriction of the one-way gear 9 on the collar 5 will disappear, thus facilitating the removal of the collar 5.

[0019] A support member 11 is commonly provided below the two limit members 3. The support member 11 is annular and is slidably connected to the bottom plate 1.

[0020] As shown in Figures 5 - 6 , Figure 14 : By rotating the support member 11, the two limit members 3 and the support rod 4 can be driven to rotate, and at the same time, the collar 5 can also be driven to rotate inside the test hole. It can adjust the positions of the support rod 4 and the collar 5 inside the test hole by rotating the support member 11 during the test hole excavation, thus providing convenience for the test hole excavation.

[0021] A toothed ring 12 is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom plate 1. Gear rods 13 are rotatably connected to the limiting members 3. Both of the two gear rods 13 are engaged with the toothed ring 12. The ends of the two gear rods 13 are respectively engaged with second rack bars 14. The two second rack bars 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the support rod 4. When the support member 11 rotates, the gear rod 13 meshes with the toothed ring 12 and rotates, and drives the support rod 4 and the collar 5 sleeved on the support rod 4 to lift inside the sand pit through the second rack bar 14.

[0022] As Figures 5 - 6 , Figures 11 - 14 shown: When the support member 11 rotates, the gear rod 13 will mesh with the toothed ring 12 and then the gear rod 13 rotates. At this time, the gear rod 13 will enable the support rod 4 to lift along the limiting member 3 when the support member 11 rotates clockwise and counterclockwise through the second rack bar 14 fixedly connected to the support rod 4 and engaged with it, so that the support rod 4 and the collar 5 complete the lifting when rotating inside the test hole.

[0023] The said collar 5 is composed of two arc-shaped members 15 and two connecting members 16. The two arc-shaped members 15 are respectively slidably connected to the two connecting members 16. Both of the two arc-shaped members 15 can slide along the support rod 4; A turntable 17 is slidably connected to the support member 11. Two push rods 18 are rotatably connected to the top end of the turntable 17. The other ends of the two push rods 18 are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of the two limiting members 3. Both of the two limiting members 3 are slidably connected to the support member 11. Second springs 19 are fixedly connected between the limiting members 3 and the support member 11. A plurality of first handrails 20 and second handrails 21 are respectively fixedly connected to the support member 11 and the turntable 17. The bottom ends of the two support rods 4 can slide relative to each other.

[0024] As Figures 5 - 6 , Figures 11 - 20 shown: The turntable 17 is located on the support member 11 and can rotate along the track of the support member 11. When the support member 11 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise alone, the gear rod 13 meshes with the toothed ring 12 and drives the support rod 4 to lift while rotating through the second rack bar 14; But when the staff holds the first handrail 20 and squeezes the second handrail 21 tightly, the second handrail 21 will drive the turntable 17 to rotate clockwise relative to the support member 11 on the support member 11. As shown in d1 in Figure 17 , when the turntable 17 rotates, it will push the limiting member 3 to slide along the support member 11 and compress the second spring 19 through the push rod 18. At this time, the gear rod 13 will also slide along the toothed ring 12 while remaining engaged with the toothed ring 12. At this time, the two limiting members 3 will slide along the support member 11. As shown in Figure 17As shown in d2, at this time, the two support rods 4 will slide relative to each other and approach. When the support rods 4 approach each other, they will drive the two arc-shaped members 15 to slide into the interior of the connecting member 16. At this time, the two arc-shaped members 15 will approach each other, that is, it will change from Figure 18 at e1 in the figure to e2 in the figure. After the two arc-shaped members 15 approach each other, their side walls will be as Figure 19 shown in f2 in the figure (f1 is a schematic diagram of the contact between the collar 5 and the inner wall of the test hole when the collar 5 descends). That is, the left and right side walls do not contact the inner wall of the test hole, and only the connecting member 16 contacts the inner wall of the test hole. Then, when the test hole is dug and the second armrest 21 is pinched and the support member 11 is rotated to raise the support rod 4 to the highest position, when the collar 5 is taken out from the inside of the test hole, the friction between the collar 5 and the inner wall of the test hole can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the damage to the soil layer on the inner wall of the already dug test hole, avoiding soil shedding, and further improving the accuracy of soil sampling; When the second armrest 21 is released, the elastic reset of the second spring 19 will drive the turntable 17 to reset.

[0025] Guide rods 22 are fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the two connecting members 16, and guide holes are provided at positions corresponding to the guide rods 22 on the side walls of the two arc-shaped members 15.

[0026] As Figure 18 shown: When the arc-shaped member 15 slides relative to the connecting member 16, it can be guided by the guide rod 22.

[0027] Feeding holes 23 are provided on both of the two frame plates 2.

[0028] As Figure 5 , Figure 21 shown: When the frame plate 2 is taken out from the bottom plate 1 through the feeding hole 23, it is convenient to pour the soil into the interior of the containing container through the feeding hole 23.

[0029] Two positioning grooves 24 are provided on the bottom plate 1, and positioning ends 25 are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two frame plates 2.

[0030] As Figure 21 shown: The frame plate 2 can be stably placed conveniently through the positioning groove 24 and the positioning end 25.

Claims

1. A subgrade detection and sampling device for highway engineering supervision, including a bottom plate (1), wherein through holes are formed in the bottom plate (1), and it is characterized in that, It further includes: Two frame plates (2), the two frame plates (2) are detachably arranged on the bottom plate (1), and the two frame plates (2) can be spliced with each other to form a ring body; Two limit members (3), the two limit members (3) are both arranged on the bottom plate (1) and symmetrically distributed about the center point of the bottom plate (1); Two support rods (4), the two support rods (4) are both L-shaped and are respectively slidably connected to the two limit members (3); A plurality of collar rings (5), the plurality of collar rings (5) are detachably connected to the support rods (4) and the collar rings (5) can slide along both ends of the support rods (4), the diameter of the collar rings (5) is equal to the diameter of the through holes on the bottom plate (1), and a plurality of collar rings (5) are used to be sleeved on the support rods (4) one by one as the excavation depth of the sand pit increases so as to regularize the excavation of the sand pit.

2. The subgrade inspection and sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rods (4) are detachably connected to the limit members (3), wedge-shaped blocks (6) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two limit members (3), trigger rods (7) are slidably connected to the inner walls on the left and right sides of the support rods (4), a first spring (8) is fixedly connected between the trigger rods (7) and the inner walls of the support rods (4), a plurality of one-way gears (9) are rotatably arranged on the trigger rods (7), the one-way gears (9) can only rotate in one direction, the bottom of the support rods (4) is inserted into the two limit members (3) and when sliding downwards, the wedge-shaped blocks (6) will push the trigger rods (7) to slide along the support rods (4), and first rack bars (10) are fixedly connected to the corresponding positions of the left and right side walls of the plurality of collar rings (5) and the one-way gears (9).

3. The subgrade inspection and sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support member (11) is jointly arranged below the two limit members (3), the support member (11) is circular and is slidably connected to the bottom plate (1).

4. The subgrade inspection and sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gear ring (12) is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom plate (1), gear rods (13) are rotatably connected to the limit members (3), the two gear rods (13) are both meshed with the gear ring (12), the ends of the two gear rods (13) are both meshed with second rack bars (14), the two second rack bars (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the support rods (4), when the support member (11) rotates, the gear rods (13) are meshed with the gear ring (12) and rotate, and drive the support rods (4) and the collar rings (5) sleeved on the support rods (4) to lift and lower inside the sand pit through the second rack bars (14).

5. A subgrade inspection and sampling device for highway engineering supervision according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collar ring (5) is composed of two arc-shaped members (15) and two connecting members (16), the two arc-shaped members (15) are respectively slidably connected to the two connecting members (16), and the two arc-shaped members (15) can both slide along the support rods (4); A turntable (17) is slidably connected to the support member (11). Two push rods (18) are rotatably connected to the top end of the turntable (17). The other ends of the two push rods (18) are respectively rotatably connected to the ends of two limiting members (3). Both of the two limiting members (3) are slidably connected to the support member (11). A second spring (19) is fixedly connected between each of the limiting members (3) and the support member (11). A plurality of first handrails (20) and second handrails (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the support member (11) and the turntable (17). The bottom ends of the two support rods (4) can slide relative to each other.

6. The subgrade inspection and sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision according to claim 5, characterized in that: Guide rods (22) are fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of both of the two connecting members (16). Guide holes are formed at positions corresponding to the guide rods (22) on the side walls of both of the two arc-shaped members (15).

7. The subgrade detection and sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision according to claim 1, characterized in that: Material discharging holes (23) are formed in both of the two frame plates (2).

8. The subgrade inspection and sampling equipment for highway engineering supervision according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two positioning grooves (24) are formed in the bottom plate (1). Positioning ends (25) are fixedly connected to the bottoms of both of the two frame plates (2).

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