Coupling compression refrigeration variable-pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioning system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system for coupling compression refrigeration and an operation method of the pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system. The system is composed of an adsorption dehumidification module and a compression refrigeration module. The adsorption dehumidification module is provided with two adsorption beds of the same structure and is in a tube-shell type, a cooling air channel is arranged on the tube side, and a drying agent layer is arranged on the shell side. During operation, adsorption of the adsorption bed 1 and desorption of the adsorption bed 2 are carried out simultaneously. When the adsorption bed 1 works, two strands of outside air enter a pipe side and a shell side respectively, a drying agent on the shell side adsorbs water vapor, air on the pipe side cools and adsorbs heat, and dehumidified air enters an evaporator of the compression refrigeration module to be cooled and then is fed into a room. And the adsorption bed 2 is exhausted and desorbed by a vacuum pump. When the adsorption bed 1 is saturated in adsorption, the modes of the two beds are switched through pipeline valves, and the two beds alternately guarantee continuous dehumidification. According to the system, the heatless regeneration desorption adsorption bed is adopted, the residual heat influence of conventional heating regeneration is avoided, the thermal comfort of the dehumidification air conditioner is improved, and the system is simple in structure and convenient to operate and maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of heating, ventilation, air conditioning equipment and air dehumidification refrigeration technology, and particularly relates to a variable pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioning system coupled with compression refrigeration and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, people's requirements for the thermal comfort of the indoor environment have increased. However, conventional air conditioning systems mainly adopt the temperature and humidity coupling treatment method of "low-temperature condensation - reheating and temperature rising". This method will affect the thermal comfort. For example, it may cause the indoor air to be too dry or too humid, and the temperature regulation is not precise enough. At the same time, a large amount of energy is consumed during the process of reheating and temperature rising after low-temperature condensation, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, changing the temperature and humidity control from coupling treatment to independent treatment to achieve independent temperature and humidity control is of great significance for improving the comfort of air conditioners and building energy conservation.

[0003] The solid adsorption dehumidification air conditioning system has received attention as an efficient technology capable of realizing independent temperature and humidity treatment. It consists of an adsorption dehumidifier and a refrigeration unit. The adsorption dehumidifier adsorbs moisture in the air by filling or coating a desiccant (in the form of a fixed bed heat exchanger or a rotary wheel), and is responsible for air dehumidification. According to different application scenarios, the refrigeration unit can select direct air cooling, water evaporation refrigeration, mechanical compression refrigeration, or semiconductor refrigeration and other methods to further cool the dehumidified air. The cooperation of the two realizes independent temperature and humidity treatment, and can improve the thermal comfort of the air conditioner in an energy-saving and efficient manner. However, this system has defects. After the adsorption dehumidifier is saturated with moisture, it needs to be heated and regenerated, which requires the introduction of an additional heat source subsystem, increasing the complexity of the system. Moreover, during the process of the adsorption dehumidifier switching from regeneration to adsorption, the residual heat of the system will seriously affect the dehumidification capacity in the initial stage of dehumidification, resulting in poor dehumidification effect and reducing the thermal comfort at the same time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems of the solid adsorption dehumidification air conditioning system, the present invention designs a variable pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioning system coupled with compression refrigeration. This system uses a vacuum pump to evacuate and desorb, and the adsorption bed is regenerated in a heatless regeneration manner. This method avoids the influence of residual heat brought by the conventional heating regeneration method, and effectively improves the thermal comfort of the dehumidification air conditioner. At the same time, the system structure is simple, reducing components such as complex heat source subsystems, being more stable during operation, and more convenient for maintenance, reducing the operation and maintenance costs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A variable pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioning system coupled with compression refrigeration, comprising:

[0007] An adsorption dehumidification module, which includes:

[0008] - The first adsorption bed;

[0009] - The second adsorption bed, which has the same structure as the first adsorption bed;

[0010] A compression refrigeration module, which includes:

[0011] - An evaporator;

[0012] - A condenser, and the condenser and the evaporator form a circuit;

[0013] Wherein, one pipe-side nozzle of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed is connected to a first air inlet through a pipeline with a controllable solenoid valve, the other pipe-side nozzles of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are respectively provided with a first air outlet and a second air outlet, one shell-side nozzle of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed is connected to a second air inlet and a third air outlet through a pipeline with a controllable solenoid valve, and the other shell-side nozzles of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are connected to the evaporator of the compression refrigeration module through a pipeline with a one-way valve; by controlling the opening and closing of the controllable solenoid valve, either the first adsorption bed or the second adsorption bed is in the desorption process while the other is in the adsorption process.

[0014] In some embodiments, the compression refrigeration module further includes: a compressor, and the condenser, the compressor and the evaporator form a circuit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the compression refrigeration module further includes: an expansion valve, and the condenser, the compressor, the expansion valve and the evaporator form a circuit.

[0016] In some embodiments, baffle plates are provided in both the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed, and the baffle plates are alternately welded to the inner wall surface of the shell side.

[0017] In some embodiments, a vacuum pump is provided at the third air outlet.

[0018] In some embodiments, a first fan is provided at the first air inlet, a second fan is provided at the second air inlet, a third fan is provided at the air outlet connected to the evaporator of the compression refrigeration module, and a fourth fan with an air outlet facing itself is provided at the condenser.

[0019] A variable pressure swing adsorption dehumidification operation method coupled with compression refrigeration, applicable to the above-mentioned system, includes: the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are respectively in the adsorption and desorption modes and are alternately switched; when the first adsorption bed is in the adsorption mode, two streams of outside air respectively enter its tube-side nozzle and shell-side nozzle; the desiccant layer on the shell side adsorbs water vapor in the air to play a dehumidification role; the air on the tube side serves as a cooling medium to cool in real time the adsorption heat generated by the adsorption of water vapor on the shell side, and the dehumidified air enters the evaporator of the compression refrigeration module for further cooling, and after becoming dry cold air, it is sent into the indoor air conditioning environment. While the first adsorption bed is performing adsorption, the second adsorption bed is in the desorption mode, and a vacuum pump is used to pump air for desorption to extract the water adsorbed by the desiccant in the second adsorption bed, so that the desiccant restores its adsorption capacity. When the first adsorption bed is saturated with adsorption, through the switching of the pipeline with a controllable solenoid valve, the first adsorption bed enters the desorption mode, and the second adsorption bed enters the adsorption mode. In this way, the two beds are alternately switched, so as to ensure that the system can continuously perform dehumidification work and continuously provide a comfortable air environment for the indoor.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The regeneration of the adsorption bed of this system adopts the method of vacuum pump air extraction desorption and heatless regeneration. In the traditional heating regeneration method, when the adsorption bed switches back to the adsorption mode from regeneration, there will be residual heat remaining. These residual heats will affect the dehumidification ability of the adsorption bed in the initial adsorption stage and reduce the indoor thermal comfort. However, this system uses a vacuum pump to extract air, and without the aid of heating, reduces the pressure in the adsorption bed to desorb the water adsorbed on the desiccant, effectively avoiding the influence of residual heat and enhancing the indoor thermal comfort experience.

[0021] The adsorption dehumidification module is provided with two adsorption beds with the same structure, which are respectively in the adsorption and desorption modes. When one adsorption bed is performing adsorption work, the other adsorption bed is simultaneously performing desorption regeneration. When the bed that is currently adsorbing is saturated with adsorption, through the switching of the pipeline valve, the working modes of the two beds are interchanged. This two-bed alternating operation mode can ensure that the system continuously dehumidifies the air and ensures that the indoor humidity is always within an appropriate range.

[0022] The structure of this air conditioning system is relatively simple, the components are clear and the functions are distinct, without complex structures. This makes the system more stable and reliable during operation, and the daily maintenance work is also more convenient. Whether it is the installation and commissioning of the equipment, or subsequent troubleshooting, repair and replacement of parts and other operations, there is no need to invest too much human, material and time costs. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a variable pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioner system with coupled compression refrigeration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the adsorption bed structure in the adsorption - desorption mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] 1 - First adsorption bed, 2 - First one - way valve, 3 - First one - way valve, 4 - Second adsorption bed, 5 - First solenoid valve, 6 - Second solenoid valve, 7 - First fan, 8 - Third solenoid valve, 9 - Fourth solenoid valve, 10 - Second fan, 11 - Fifth solenoid valve, 12 - Sixth solenoid valve, 13 - Vacuum pump, 14 - Evaporator, 15 - Third fan, 16 - Expansion valve, 17 - Fourth fan, 18 - Compressor, 19 - Condenser, 20 - Desiccant layer, 21 - Shell side of the adsorption bed, 22 - Tube side of the adsorption bed, 23 - Shell - side baffle of the adsorption bed. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] Embodiment:

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above - mentioned accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those clearly listed steps or units, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a variable pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioner system with coupled compression refrigeration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the adsorption bed structure in the adsorption-desorption mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; see Figures 1 to 2 Figures 1 to 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a variable pressure desorption dehumidification air conditioner system with coupled compression refrigeration, including an adsorption dehumidification module and a compression refrigeration module. The adsorption dehumidification module is composed of adsorption beds (1, 4), check valves (2, 3), solenoid valves (5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12), a vacuum pump 13, and fans (7, 10), where the vacuum pump 13 performs heatless regeneration on the adsorption beds (1, 4) by means of air extraction;

[0032] The compression refrigeration module is a prior art and is composed of an evaporator 14, a condenser 19, an expansion valve 16, a compressor 18, and fans (15, 17), where the evaporator 14 provides a cold source for cooling the dehumidified air;

[0033] The adsorption dehumidification module includes two adsorption beds (1, 4) with the same structure. The adsorption beds (1, 4) are of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger structure, which is divided into a shell side 21 and a tube side 22. The tube side 22 is a cooling air channel, and the shell side 21 is coated or filled with a desiccant layer 20; a baffle 23 is provided on the shell side 21 of the adsorption bed (1, 4), and the baffle 23 is alternately welded to the inner wall surface of the shell side 21; the baffle 23 is used for disturbing the dehumidified air to enhance the heat and mass transfer efficiency;

[0034] Air inlets and outlets are provided at the upper and lower ends of the tube side 22 of the adsorption beds (1, 4) of the adsorption dehumidification module, and air inlets and outlets are provided at the left and right ends of the shell side 21 of the adsorption beds (1, 4); the upper end of the air outlet on the shell side 21 of the adsorption bed (1, 4) is connected to the check valves (2, 3). During the adsorption process, air is allowed to flow forward and enter the compression refrigeration module, while during the desorption process, the check valves (2, 3) prevent reverse air flow; the lower end of the air inlet on the shell side 21 of the adsorption bed (1, 4) is connected to the vacuum pump 13, and the vacuum pump 13 performs heatless regeneration on the adsorption bed (1, 4) in the desorption mode by means of air extraction;

[0035] The variable pressure swing adsorption dehumidification air conditioner system with coupled compression refrigeration is characterized by further comprising a control device for starting and stopping solenoid valves (5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12), and a sensor device for providing temperature and humidity information to the control device, etc.;

[0036] The two adsorption beds (1, 4) of the adsorption dehumidification module operate alternately in two modes: adsorption and desorption;

[0037] When the first adsorption bed 1 is in the adsorption mode, the second adsorption bed 4 is in the desorption mode. At this time, the first solenoid valve 5, the third solenoid valve 8, and the sixth solenoid valve 12 are opened, while the second solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 9, and the fifth solenoid valve 11 are closed; The first fan 7 drives the outside air to enter from the A air inlet, passes through the first solenoid valve 5 and then is sent to the tube side 22 of the first adsorption bed 1 as the internal cooling air during the adsorption process, and finally is discharged to the outside through the D air outlet; The second fan 10 drives the outside air to enter from the B air inlet, passes through the third solenoid valve 8 and then is sent to the shell side 21 of the first adsorption bed 1. The air is adsorbed and dehumidified by the desiccant layer 20 coated or filled on the shell side 21. The dehumidified air flows out of the first adsorption bed 1 after being repeatedly disturbed by the shell side baffle 23, and then enters the evaporator 14 of the compression refrigeration module through the first check valve 2 for cooling. The obtained dry and cold air is driven by the fan 15 to flow out through the F air outlet and finally sent into the indoor air conditioning environment; At the same time, the desiccant layer 20 on the shell side 21 of the second adsorption bed 4 is undergoing desorption regeneration. At this time, the second check valve 3 prevents reverse air flow, and a vacuum pump 13 is used to evacuate the desiccant layer 20 on the shell side 21 of the second adsorption bed 4. The generated desorption air enters the suction port of the vacuum pump 13 through the sixth solenoid valve 12 and is discharged to the outside through the air outlet C after passing through the exhaust port;

[0038] When the first adsorption bed 1 is in the desorption mode, the second adsorption bed 4 is in the adsorption mode. At this time, the first solenoid valve 5, the third solenoid valve 8 and the sixth solenoid valve 12 are closed, while the second solenoid valve 6, the fourth solenoid valve 9 and the fifth solenoid valve 11 are opened; the first fan 7 drives the outside air to enter from the A air inlet, and after passing through the second solenoid valve 6, it is sent into the tube side 22 of the second adsorption bed 4 as the internal cooling air during the adsorption process, and finally discharged to the outside through the E air outlet; the second fan 10 drives the outside air to enter from the B air inlet, and after passing through the fourth solenoid valve 9, it is sent into the shell side 21 of the second adsorption bed 4. The air is adsorbed and dehumidified by the desiccant layer 20 coated or filled on the shell side 21. The dehumidified air flows out of the second adsorption bed 4 after being repeatedly disturbed by the shell side baffle 23, and then enters the evaporator 14 of the compression refrigeration module through the second one-way valve 3 for cooling. The obtained dry and cold air is driven by the fan 15 to flow out through the F air outlet and finally sent into the indoor air-conditioning environment; at the same time, the desiccant layer 20 on the shell side 21 of the first adsorption bed 1 is undergoing desorption regeneration. At this time, the first one-way valve 2 prevents reverse air flow, and a vacuum pump 13 is used to evacuate the desiccant layer 20 on the shell side 21 of the first adsorption bed 1. The generated desorption air enters the suction port of the vacuum pump 13 through the fifth solenoid valve 11 and is discharged to the outside through the air outlet C after passing through the exhaust port; the above-mentioned first adsorption bed 1 and the second adsorption bed 4 are alternately switched and repeatedly operate in the adsorption and desorption modes to ensure continuous dehumidification;

[0039] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0042] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those ordinary skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the content of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system coupled with compression refrigeration, characterized in that, Including: An adsorption dehumidification module, which includes: - A first adsorption bed; - A second adsorption bed, which has the same structure as the first adsorption bed; A compression refrigeration module, which includes: - An evaporator; - A condenser, and the condenser and the evaporator form a loop; Wherein, one pipe-side nozzle of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed is connected to a first air inlet through a pipe with a controllable solenoid valve, the other pipe-side nozzles of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are respectively provided with a first air outlet and a second air outlet, one shell-side nozzle of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed is connected to a second air inlet and a third air outlet through a pipe with a controllable solenoid valve, and the other shell-side nozzles of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are connected to the evaporator of the compression refrigeration module through a pipe with a check valve; by controlling the opening and closing of the controllable solenoid valve, either the first adsorption bed or the second adsorption bed is in the desorption process while the other is in the adsorption process.

2. The pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system with coupled compression refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein The compression refrigeration module further includes: a compressor, and the condenser, the compressor and the evaporator form a loop.

3. The pressure swing desorption dehumidification air-conditioning system with coupled compression refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein The compression refrigeration module further includes: an expansion valve, and the condenser, the compressor, the expansion valve and the evaporator form a loop.

4. The pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system with coupled compression refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that, Baffle plates are provided in both the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed, and the baffle plates are alternately welded to the inner wall surface of the shell side.

5. The pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system with coupled compression refrigeration according to claim 1, wherein, A vacuum pump is provided at the third air outlet.

6. The pressure swing desorption dehumidification air conditioning system with coupled compression refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first fan is provided at the first air inlet, a second fan is provided at the second air inlet, a third fan is provided at the air outlet connected to the evaporator of the compression refrigeration module, and a fourth fan with an air outlet facing itself is provided at the condenser.

7. A pressure swing desorption dehumidification operation method coupled with compression refrigeration, applicable to the system described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are respectively in the adsorption and desorption modes and are alternately switched; When the first adsorption bed is in the adsorption mode, two streams of outside air respectively enter its pipe-side nozzle and shell-side nozzle; the desiccant layer on the shell side adsorbs water vapor in the air, playing a dehumidification role; the air on the pipe side serves as a cooling medium to cool in real time the adsorption heat generated on the shell side due to the adsorption of water vapor. The dehumidified air enters the evaporator of the compression refrigeration module for further cooling, and becomes dry cold air and is sent into the indoor air-conditioning environment. While the first adsorption bed is performing adsorption, the second adsorption bed is in the desorption mode, and a vacuum pump is used to evacuate and desorb it to extract the water adsorbed by the desiccant in the second adsorption bed, so that the desiccant restores its adsorption capacity. When the first adsorption bed is saturated with adsorption, through the switching of the pipe with a controllable solenoid valve, the first adsorption bed enters the desorption mode, and the second adsorption bed enters the adsorption mode. In this way, the two beds are alternately switched, so as to ensure that the system can continuously perform dehumidification work and continuously provide a comfortable air environment for the indoor.

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