Axial clearance measurement device and method for back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings, relating to the technical field of bearing detection. The device and method include a positioning reaction force support plate, a workpiece assembly to be measured, and a measuring mechanism. The workpiece assembly to be measured includes an upper shell, a lower shell, and a transmission shaft. A pressure cover is provided on the transmission shaft near the upper shell, and a measuring mechanism is provided on the upper side of the pressure cover. The upper and lower shells are connected by a first mounting bolt to form an accommodating space, and the tapered roller bearings are mounted back-to-back on the transmission shaft. The pressure cover, an adjustment pad, and a standard pad are used to achieve preliminary adjustment of the axial position, and the measuring mechanism realizes automatic control of the measurement process. In the measurement method, the initial height h11 of the pressure cover is first measured with the second tapered roller bearing as a reference, the transmission shaft is driven to simulate the working state of the bearing, and the pressure cover height is adjusted before measuring h12. The axial clearance Δh is calculated by a formula and compared with the standard range. The adjustment is repeated until the design requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bearing detection, in particular to a device and method for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings. Background Art

[0002] Back-to-back tapered roller bearings are widely used in various types of mechanical equipment due to their excellent load-bearing capacity and rigidity. The axial clearance of the bearing has a decisive influence on the operating accuracy, stability, and service life of the equipment. Excessive axial clearance will lead to increased vibration and noise during equipment operation, reduce the operating accuracy of the equipment, and even cause faults such as component wear and loosening. If the axial clearance is too small, frictional heat may be generated, causing the bearing to overheat, accelerating bearing aging, and in severe cases, causing the bearing to seize, affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] Currently, traditional methods for measuring the axial clearance of tapered roller bearings have numerous shortcomings. Some rely on manual operation and empirical judgment, resulting in low accuracy and inefficiency, making them difficult to meet the demands of modern high-precision machinery manufacturing. Furthermore, some automated measurement equipment is complex and expensive, and specialized measurement devices for back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings are scarce, making them incapable of accurately adapting to their unique assembly structure and measurement requirements. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a device and method for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings to address the issues raised in the background technology above. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings includes a positioning reaction force support plate, a measured workpiece assembly and a measuring mechanism. A second mounting bolt is detachably provided below the positioning reaction force support plate. The measured workpiece assembly includes an upper shell, a lower shell and a transmission shaft. The positioning reaction force support plate is detachably provided with the transmission shaft via the second mounting bolt. The transmission shaft is located between the upper shell and the lower shell. A pressure cover is provided on the transmission shaft near the upper shell, and a second tapered roller bearing is detachably provided on the upper shell via the pressure cover. A measuring mechanism is provided on the upper side of the pressure cover.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the measured workpiece assembly includes a pressure plate, a first input wheel, a first tapered roller bearing, a transmission shaft, a pressure cover, a bolt, an adjustment pad, a second tapered roller bearing and a second input wheel, a first mounting bolt is provided in an annular manner on one side of the upper shell close to the lower shell, the upper shell is detachable from the lower shell by the first mounting bolt, a pressure plate is provided on the side of the second mounting bolt close to the lower shell, a first input wheel is provided on one side of the pressure plate on the transmission shaft, and a second input wheel is provided on the transmission shaft between the upper shell and the lower shell.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: bolts are provided on the upper side of the gland, the gland is movably connected to the transmission shaft through the bolts, and adjustment pads are detachably provided on the gland and the transmission shaft on the bolts.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the formula for the gap Δh between the transmission shaft and the gland is:

[0010] ΔL=h12-h11, Δh=L-ΔL=L-h12+h11;

[0011] L is the actual measured value of the standard pad, h11 is the height of the gland measured with the second tapered roller bearing as the benchmark, and h12 is the height of the gland after it is raised, measured with the second tapered roller bearing as the benchmark.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the measuring mechanism includes a positioning sleeve, a displacement sensor bracket, a displacement sensor, a guide shaft, a reset spring, a sliding sleeve, a guide shaft limit surface, a trigger switch, a guide shaft trigger surface, a hanging ring, a second screw and a displacement sensor probe. The positioning sleeve is detachable on the upper side of the pressure cover, displacement sensor brackets are provided on both sides of the positioning sleeve, the displacement sensor is installed on the displacement sensor bracket, and a displacement sensor probe is provided below the displacement sensor. A sliding sleeve is provided on the side of the positioning sleeve away from the pressure cover, and a guide shaft is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve. The end face of the positioning sleeve is a threaded structure, and the side of the guide shaft close to the positioning sleeve is a threaded structure, and the threads between the guide shaft and the positioning cooperate with each other.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the guide shaft is fixedly connected to a guide shaft limiting surface on the side away from the positioning sleeve, a lifting ring is fixedly connected to the guide shaft limiting surface, and a trigger switch is arranged between the lifting ring and the guide shaft limiting surface, and a guide shaft trigger surface is arranged on the side of the guide shaft away from the trigger switch.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a reset spring is provided on the guide shaft between the positioning sleeve and the slide rail, and the two ends of the reset spring are fixedly connected to the guide shaft and the slide sleeve respectively, and the position of the displacement sensor probe and the second tapered roller bearing are matched with each other, and a screw is provided in the positioning sleeve, and the screw and the reset spring are matched with each other.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the trigger switch is a photoelectric trigger switch, and the trigger switch is electrically connected to the guide shaft limit surface and the guide shaft trigger surface.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the displacement sensor is a high-precision linear displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor is communicatively connected to an external data processing terminal for transmitting measurement data to the external data processing terminal for analysis and storage.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the displacement sensor bracket is an adjustable bracket, which includes a plurality of hinged telescopic rod sections, and the telescopic rod sections are provided with positioning holes and positioning pins, and the positioning holes and the positioning pins cooperate with each other.

[0018] A method for back-to-back assembly of a tapered roller bearing axial clearance measuring device comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: Install the workpiece assembly to be measured on the positioning reaction force support plate through the second mounting bolts, fix the upper shell and the lower shell together through the first mounting bolts, and ensure that the transmission shaft, the first tapered roller bearing, the second tapered roller bearing and other components are installed in place;

[0020] S2: According to the specifications of the workpiece assembly to be measured, adjust the height of the displacement sensor bracket so that the displacement sensor probe corresponds to the measuring position of the second tapered roller bearing;

[0021] S3: Using the end face of the second tapered roller bearing as a reference, use a micrometer or a high-precision height gauge to measure the initial height of the gland multiple times and take the average value, which is recorded as h11, to reduce measurement errors.

[0022] S4: When the sleeve moves to the guide shaft trigger surface and contacts the photoelectric trigger switch, blocking the light path, the trigger switch generates an electrical signal, starts the displacement sensor, and prepares to collect data. The transmission shaft is driven to rotate through the first input wheel and the second input wheel, so that the first tapered roller bearing and the second tapered roller bearing simulate the operation under actual working conditions;

[0023] S5: The displacement sensor measures the axial displacement of the second tapered roller bearing in real time and transmits the measurement data to an external data processing terminal;

[0024] S6: After the measurement is completed, the displacement ΔL of the gland is calculated according to the formula ΔL=h12-h11. The actual measured value ΔL of the standard pad is known, and the gap Δh between the drive shaft and the gland is accurately calculated according to the formula Δh=L-ΔL=L-h12+h11. The external data processing terminal analyzes the calculated axial gap Δh and compares it with the pre-set standard gap range.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The upper and lower housings are connected in an annular manner by means of the first mounting bolts, so that the transmission shaft is located between the upper and lower housings, forming a spatial structure for accommodating bearings and other components. The first and second tapered roller bearings are installed back-to-back on the transmission shaft. A gland is installed on the side close to the upper housing, and the gland is movably connected to the transmission shaft using the bolts on the gland. An adjustment washer is installed on the bolt. The adjustment washer is used to preliminarily adjust the relative position between the transmission shaft and the gland to prepare for subsequent precise measurement and adjustment of the clearance. At the same time, a pressure plate is installed on the side of the second mounting bolt close to the lower housing, and the first and second input wheels are installed on the transmission shaft. The first and second input wheels are used to subsequently simulate the actual working conditions of the bearings and provide rotational power for the transmission shaft.

[0027] 2. In the initial state of measurement, use the second tapered roller bearing as a reference and use a measuring tool to measure the height of the gland, recording it as h11. Then, drive the transmission shaft to rotate through the first and second input wheels to simulate the actual working state of the bearing. During this process, according to actual needs, the gland can be raised by adjusting the thickness of the adjustment pad or other methods. Again, use the second tapered roller bearing as a reference and measure the height of the gland after it is raised, recording it as h12. According to the formula ΔL=h12−h11, calculate the displacement of the gland raised ΔL, where L is the measured value of the standard pad. The standard pad is a fixed size determined according to design requirements and is used as a measurement reference. According to the formula Δh=L−ΔL=L−h12+h11, calculate the gap Δh between the drive shaft and the gland. This gap Δh reflects the axial clearance of the back-to-back tapered roller bearings in the current assembly state. Compare the calculated gap Δh with the standard clearance range required by the design. If Δh is not within the standard range, replace the adjustment pads of different thicknesses and measure and calculate again until the gap Δh between the drive shaft and the gland meets the design requirements. After the adjustment is completed, repeat the measurement process to verify whether the axial clearance is stable within the standard range, thereby ensuring the assembly accuracy of the back-to-back tapered roller bearings and the normal operation of the equipment.

[0028] 3. According to the specifications and measurement requirements of the workpiece to be measured, adjust the displacement sensor bracket. Since the displacement sensor bracket is an adjustable bracket, the displacement sensor probe is accurately aligned with the measurement position of the second tapered roller bearing. The operator pulls the sleeve to drive the guide shaft to move. When the sleeve moves to the trigger surface of the guide shaft and contacts the trigger switch, since the trigger switch is a photoelectric trigger switch, its light path is blocked, and the trigger switch generates an electrical signal. This signal indicates the start of the measurement process, starts the external power source, and drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the first input wheel and the second input wheel, so that the first tapered roller bearing and the second tapered roller bearing simulate the operation under actual working conditions. During the operation of the bearing, the bearing will produce axial displacement, and the displacement sensor probe will contact the second tapered roller bearing. When When the bearing produces axial displacement, the displacement sensor probe will move accordingly. The high-precision linear displacement sensor converts the displacement of the probe into an electrical signal and transmits the measurement data to an external data processing terminal through a communication connection. After receiving the data transmitted by the displacement sensor, the external data processing terminal analyzes and processes the data and calculates the axial clearance of the back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings. By comparing with the preset standard value, it can be determined whether the axial clearance of the bearing meets the requirements. When the measurement is completed, under the action of the reset spring, the sleeve slides along the guide shaft and returns to the initial position. The two ends of the reset spring are fixedly connected to the guide shaft and the sleeve respectively, and the screw in the locating sleeve cooperates with the reset spring to ensure that the spring remains stable during the extension and contraction process, providing reliable power for the reset of the sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an axial clearance measuring device for back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings.

[0030] Figure 2 The present invention is a front view of a workpiece assembly to be measured in a device and method for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the inspection axis system of the workpiece assembly in a device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings.

[0033] Figure 5 A padless measurement diagram of a workpiece assembly in a device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a measurement diagram of the workpiece assembly being measured with a standard pad in a device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings.

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure of A in the middle.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Positioning reaction force support plate; 2. Workpiece assembly to be measured; 201. Upper shell; 202. Lower shell; 203. Pressure plate; 204. First input wheel; 205. First tapered roller bearing; 206. Transmission shaft; 207. Pressure cover; 208. Bolt; 209. Adjustment pad; 210. Second tapered roller bearing; 211. Second input wheel; 3. Measuring mechanism; 301. Positioning sleeve; 302. Displacement sensor bracket; 303. Displacement sensor; 304. Guide shaft; 305. Return spring; 306. Sleeve; 307. Guide shaft limit surface; 308. Trigger switch; 309. Guide shaft trigger surface; 310. Lifting ring; 311. Screw; 312. Displacement sensor probe; 4. First mounting bolt; 5. Second mounting bolt; 6. Standard pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 This embodiment provides an axial clearance measuring device for back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings, including a positioning reaction force support plate 1, a measured workpiece assembly 2, and a measuring mechanism 3. A second mounting bolt 5 is detachably provided below the positioning reaction force support plate 1. The measured workpiece assembly 2 includes an upper shell 201, a lower shell 202, and a transmission shaft 206. The positioning reaction force support plate 1 is detachably provided with the transmission shaft 206 via the second mounting bolt 5. The transmission shaft 206 is located between the upper shell 201 and the lower shell 202. A pressure cover 207 is provided near the upper shell 201 to the transmission shaft 206. A second tapered roller bearing 210 is detachably provided on the upper shell 201 via the pressure cover 207. The measuring mechanism 3 is provided on the upper side of the pressure cover 207.

[0040] In this embodiment, specifically, the measured workpiece assembly 2 includes a pressure plate 203, a first input wheel 204, a first tapered roller bearing 205, a transmission shaft 206, a pressure cover 207, a bolt 208, an adjustment pad 209, a second tapered roller bearing 210 and a second input wheel 211. A first mounting bolt 4 is provided in an annular manner on one side of the upper shell 201 close to the lower shell 202. The upper shell 201 is detachable from the lower shell 202 through the first mounting bolt 4. A pressure plate 203 is provided on the side of the second mounting bolt 5 close to the lower shell 202. The first input wheel 204 is provided on one side of the pressure plate 203 on the transmission shaft 206. A second input wheel 211 is provided on the transmission shaft 206 between the upper shell 201 and the lower shell 202.

[0041] The upper side of the pressure cover 207 is provided with a bolt 208, and the pressure cover 207 is movably connected to the transmission shaft 206 through the bolt 208, and the pressure cover 207 and the transmission shaft 206 are detachably provided with an adjustment pad 209 on the bolt 208;

[0042] The formula for the gap Δh between the transmission shaft 206 and the pressure cover 207 is:

[0043] ΔL=h22-h11, Δh=L-ΔL=L-h22+h11;

[0044] L is the measured value of the standard pad 6, h11 is the height of the gland 207 measured with the second tapered roller bearing 210 as the reference, and h12 is the height of the gland 207 after it is raised, measured with the second tapered roller bearing 210 as the reference;

[0045] The upper shell 201 and the lower shell 202 are connected in a ring shape by the first mounting bolt 4, so that the transmission shaft 206 is located between the upper shell 201 and the lower shell 202, forming a spatial structure to accommodate bearings and other components. The first tapered roller bearing 205 and the second tapered roller bearing 210 are installed back to back on the transmission shaft 206. A pressure cover 207 is installed on the side close to the upper shell 201. The pressure cover 207 is movably connected to the transmission shaft 206 using the bolt 208 on the pressure cover 207, and an adjustment washer 209 is installed on the bolt 208. The function of the adjustment washer 209 is to preliminarily adjust the relative position between the transmission shaft 206 and the pressure cover 207 to prepare for the subsequent precise measurement and adjustment of the gap. At the same time, a pressure plate 203 is installed on the side close to the lower shell 202 of the second mounting bolt 5, and a first input wheel 204 and a second input wheel 211 are installed on the transmission shaft 206. The first input wheel 204 and the second input wheel 211 are used to simulate the actual working state of the bearings in the future and provide rotational power for the transmission shaft 206.

[0046] In the initial measurement state, the height of the gland 207 is measured using a measuring tool (such as a height gauge) with the second tapered roller bearing 210 as a reference and recorded as h11. Subsequently, the transmission shaft 206 is driven to rotate by the first input wheel 204 and the second input wheel 211 to simulate the actual working state of the bearing. During this process, according to actual needs, the gland 207 can be raised by adjusting the thickness of the adjustment pad 209 or other methods. The height of the gland 207 after raising is measured again with the second tapered roller bearing 210 as a reference and recorded as h22. The displacement ΔL of the gland 207 after raising is calculated according to the formula ΔL=h22−h11, where L is the measured value of the standard pad 6, which is a fixed size determined according to design requirements. , used as a measurement reference, and then according to the formula Δh=L−ΔL=L−h22+h11, the gap Δh between the drive shaft 206 and the pressure cover 207 is calculated. The gap Δh reflects the axial clearance of the back-to-back tapered roller bearings in the current assembly state. The calculated gap Δh is compared with the standard clearance range required by the design. If Δh is not within the standard range, the adjustment pads 209 of different thicknesses are replaced and measured and calculated again until the gap Δh between the drive shaft 206 and the pressure cover 207 meets the design requirements. After the adjustment is completed, the measurement process can be repeated to verify whether the axial clearance is stable within the standard range, thereby ensuring the assembly accuracy of the back-to-back tapered roller bearings and the normal operation of the equipment.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and differs from the previous embodiment in that the measuring mechanism 3 includes a positioning sleeve 301, a displacement sensor bracket 302, a displacement sensor 303, a guide shaft 304, a reset spring 305, a sliding sleeve 306, a guide shaft limit surface 307, a trigger switch 308, a guide shaft trigger surface 309, a lifting ring 310, a screw 311 and a displacement sensor probe 312, the upper side of the pressure cover 207 is detachably provided with a positioning sleeve 301, displacement sensor brackets 302 are provided on both sides of the positioning sleeve 301, the displacement sensor 303 is mounted on the displacement sensor bracket 302, and a displacement sensor probe 312 is provided below the displacement sensor 303, a sliding sleeve 306 is provided on the side of the positioning sleeve 301 away from the pressure cover 207, and the guide shaft 304 is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve 306, the end face of the positioning sleeve 301 is a threaded structure, and the side of the guide shaft 304 close to the positioning sleeve 301 is a threaded structure, and the threads between the guide shaft 304 and the positioning sleeve cooperate with each other;

[0049] The guide shaft 304 is fixedly connected to a guide shaft limiting surface 307 on the side away from the positioning sleeve 301, and a lifting ring 310 is fixedly connected to the limiting surface of the guide shaft 304. A trigger switch 308 is provided between the lifting ring 310 and the guide shaft limiting surface 307. A guide shaft trigger surface 309 is provided on the side of the guide shaft 304 away from the trigger switch 308.

[0050] A return spring 305 is provided on the guide shaft 304 between the positioning sleeve 301 and the slide rail, and the two ends of the return spring 305 are fixedly connected to the guide shaft 304 and the slide sleeve 306 respectively. The position of the displacement sensor 303 probe and the second tapered roller bearing 210 are matched with each other, and a screw 311 is provided in the positioning sleeve 301, and the screw 311 and the return spring 305 are matched with each other.

[0051] The trigger switch 308 is a photoelectric trigger switch 308 , and the trigger switch 308 is electrically connected to the guide shaft limit surface 307 and the guide shaft trigger surface 309 ;

[0052] The displacement sensor 303 is a high-precision linear displacement sensor 303, which is communicatively connected to an external data processing terminal and is used to transmit measurement data to the external data processing terminal for analysis and storage;

[0053] The displacement sensor bracket 302 is an adjustable bracket, which includes a plurality of hinged telescopic rod sections, each of which is provided with a positioning hole and a positioning pin, and the positioning hole and the positioning pin cooperate with each other;

[0054] The positioning sleeve 301 of the measuring mechanism 3 is detachably mounted on the upper side of the pressure cover 207 to complete the preliminary construction of the entire device. According to the specifications of the workpiece to be measured and the measurement requirements, the displacement sensor bracket 302 is adjusted. Since the displacement sensor bracket 302 is an adjustable bracket, the displacement sensor probe 312 is accurately aligned with the measurement position of the second tapered roller bearing 210. The operator pulls the sliding sleeve 306 to drive the guide shaft 304 to move. When the sliding sleeve 306 moves to the guide shaft trigger surface 309 and contacts the trigger switch 308, since the trigger switch 308 is a photoelectric trigger switch 308, its light path is blocked, and the trigger switch 308 generates an electrical signal. This signal indicates the start of the measurement process, and the external power source is started. The transmission shaft 206 is driven to rotate through the first input wheel 204 and the second input wheel 211, so that the first tapered roller bearing 205 and the second tapered roller bearing 210 simulate the operation under actual working conditions. During the operation of the bearing, the bearing will produce axial position. The displacement sensor probe 312 contacts the second tapered roller bearing 210. When the bearing produces axial displacement, the displacement sensor probe 303 will follow the movement. The high-precision linear displacement sensor 303 converts the displacement of the probe into an electrical signal and transmits the measurement data to an external data processing terminal through a communication connection. After receiving the data transmitted by the displacement sensor 303, the external data processing terminal analyzes and processes the data to calculate the axial clearance of the back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings. By comparing with the preset standard value, it can be determined whether the axial clearance of the bearings meets the requirements. After the measurement is completed, under the action of the return spring 305, the sleeve 306 slides along the guide shaft 304 and returns to its initial position. The two ends of the return spring 305 are respectively fixedly connected to the guide shaft 304 and the sleeve 306, and the screw 311 in the positioning sleeve 301 cooperates with the return spring 305 to ensure that the spring remains stable during the extension and contraction process, providing reliable power for the return of the sleeve 306.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A method for back-to-back assembly of a tapered roller bearing axial clearance measuring device comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1: Install the workpiece assembly 2 to be measured on the positioning reaction force support plate 1 through the second mounting bolts 5, and securely connect the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 through the first mounting bolts 4, and ensure that the transmission shaft 206, the first tapered roller bearing 205, the second tapered roller bearing 210 and other components are installed in place;

[0058] S2: According to the specifications of the workpiece assembly 2 to be measured, the height of the displacement sensor bracket 302 is adjusted so that the measuring head of the displacement sensor 303 corresponds to the measuring position of the second tapered roller bearing 210;

[0059] S3: Using the end face of the second tapered roller bearing 210 as a reference, use a micrometer or a high-precision height gauge to measure the initial height of the gland 207 multiple times and take the average value, which is recorded as h11, to reduce measurement errors.

[0060] S4: When the sleeve 306 moves to the guide shaft trigger surface 309 and contacts the photoelectric trigger switch 308, blocking the light path, the trigger switch 308 generates an electrical signal, starts the displacement sensor 303, and prepares to collect data. The transmission shaft 206 is driven to rotate through the first input wheel 204 and the second input wheel 211, so that the first tapered roller bearing 205 and the second tapered roller bearing 210 simulate the operation under actual working conditions;

[0061] S5: The displacement sensor 303 measures the axial displacement of the second tapered roller bearing 210 in real time and transmits the measured data to an external data processing terminal;

[0062] S6: After the measurement is completed, the displacement ΔL of the gland 207 is calculated according to the formula ΔL=h22-h11. The actual measured value ΔL of the standard pad 6 is known, and the gap Δh between the transmission shaft 206 and the gland 207 is accurately calculated according to the formula Δh=L-ΔL=L-h22+h11. The external data processing terminal analyzes the calculated axial gap Δh and compares it with the pre-set standard gap range.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0064] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings, characterized in that: The invention comprises a positioning reaction force support plate (1), a workpiece assembly to be measured (2) and a measuring mechanism (3); a second mounting bolt (5) is detachably provided below the positioning reaction force support plate (1); the workpiece assembly to be measured (2) comprises an upper shell (201), a lower shell (202) and a transmission shaft (206); the positioning reaction force support plate (1) is detachably provided with the transmission shaft (206) via the second mounting bolt (5); the transmission shaft (206) is located between the upper shell (201) and the lower shell (202); a pressure cover (207) is provided on the transmission shaft (206) near the upper shell (201); a second tapered roller bearing (210) is detachably provided on the upper shell (201) via the pressure cover (207); and a measuring mechanism (3) is provided on the upper side of the pressure cover (207); The measured workpiece assembly (2) comprises a pressure plate (203), a first input wheel (204), a first tapered roller bearing (205), a transmission shaft (206), a pressure cover (207), a bolt (208), an adjustment pad (209), a second tapered roller bearing (210) and a second input wheel (211); a first mounting bolt (4) is provided in an annular manner on one side of the upper shell (201) close to the lower shell (202); the upper shell (201) is detachable from the lower shell (202) via the first mounting bolt (4); a pressure plate (203) is provided on one side of the pressure plate (203) close to the transmission shaft (206); and a second input wheel (211) is provided on the transmission shaft (206) between the upper shell (201) and the lower shell (202); The upper side of the pressure cover (207) is provided with a bolt (208), and the pressure cover (207) is movably connected to the transmission shaft (206) through the bolt (208), and the pressure cover (207) and the transmission shaft (206) are detachably provided with an adjustment pad (209) and a standard pad (6) on the bolt (208); The formula for the gap Δh between the transmission shaft (206) and the gland (207) is: ΔL=h12-h11, Δh=L-ΔL=L-h12+h11; L is the measured value of the standard pad (6), h11 is the height of the pressure cover (207) measured with the second tapered roller bearing (210) as the reference, and h12 is the height of the pressure cover (207) after it is raised, measured with the second tapered roller bearing (210) as the reference.

2. The device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring mechanism (3) comprises a positioning sleeve (301), a displacement sensor bracket (302), a displacement sensor (303), a guide shaft (304), a return spring (305), a sliding sleeve (306), a guide shaft limiting surface (307), a trigger switch (308), a guide shaft trigger surface (309), a lifting ring (310), a screw (311) and a displacement sensor probe (312). The positioning sleeve (301) is detachably provided on the upper side of the pressure cover (207). Displacement sensor brackets (302) are provided on both sides of the positioning sleeve (301). A displacement sensor bracket (302) is provided with a displacement sensor (303), a displacement sensor probe (312) is provided below the displacement sensor (303), a sliding sleeve (306) is provided on a side of the positioning sleeve (301) away from the pressure cover (207), a guide shaft (304) is slidably connected in the sliding sleeve (306), an end face of the positioning sleeve (301) is in a threaded structure, a side of the guide shaft (304) close to the positioning sleeve (301) is in a threaded structure, and the threads of the guide shaft (304) and the positioning sleeve cooperate with each other.

3. The device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide shaft limiting surface (307) is fixedly connected to the side of the guide shaft (304) away from the positioning sleeve (301), a lifting ring (310) is fixedly connected to the limiting surface of the guide shaft (304), and a trigger switch (308) is provided between the lifting ring (310) and the guide shaft limiting surface (307), and a guide shaft triggering surface (309) is provided on the side of the guide shaft (304) away from the triggering switch (308).

4. The device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: A return spring (305) is provided on the guide shaft (304) between the positioning sleeve (301) and the slide rail, and the two ends of the return spring (305) are fixedly connected to the guide shaft (304) and the slide sleeve (306), respectively. The position of the displacement sensor (303) probe and the second tapered roller bearing (210) are mutually matched, and a screw (311) is provided in the positioning sleeve (301), and the screw (311) and the return spring (305) are mutually matched.

5. The device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger switch (308) is a photoelectric trigger switch (308), and the trigger switch (308) is electrically connected to the guide shaft limiting surface (307) and the guide shaft trigger surface (309).

6. The device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The displacement sensor (303) is a high-precision linear displacement sensor (303), and the displacement sensor (303) is communicatively connected to an external data processing terminal, and is used to transmit measurement data to the external data processing terminal for analysis and storage.

7. The device for measuring the axial clearance of back-to-back assembled tapered roller bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The displacement sensor bracket (302) is an adjustable bracket, comprising a plurality of hingedly connected telescopic rod sections, wherein the telescopic rod sections are provided with positioning holes and positioning pins, and the positioning holes and the positioning pins cooperate with each other.

8. A method for measuring the axial clearance of tapered roller bearings in a back-to-back assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The workpiece assembly (2) to be measured is mounted on the positioning reaction force support plate (1) through the second mounting bolt (5), the upper housing (201) and the lower housing (202) are fixedly connected through the first mounting bolt (4), and the transmission shaft (206), the first tapered roller bearing (205), and the second tapered roller bearing (210) are ensured to be installed in place; S2: adjusting the height of the displacement sensor bracket (302) according to the specifications of the workpiece assembly (2) to be measured so that the measuring head of the displacement sensor (303) corresponds to the measuring position of the second tapered roller bearing (210); S3: Using the end face of the second tapered roller bearing (210) as a reference, use a micrometer or a height gauge high-precision measuring tool to measure the initial height of the gland (207) multiple times and take the average value, which is recorded as h11, to reduce measurement errors; S4: When the sleeve (306) moves to the guide shaft trigger surface (309) and contacts the photoelectric trigger switch (308), the light path is blocked, the trigger switch (308) generates an electrical signal, the displacement sensor (303) is activated, and data is ready to be collected. The transmission shaft (206) is driven to rotate through the first input wheel (204) and the second input wheel (211), so that the first tapered roller bearing (205) and the second tapered roller bearing (210) simulate the operation under actual working conditions; S5: The displacement sensor (303) measures the axial displacement of the second tapered roller bearing (210) in real time, and transmits the measured data to an external data processing terminal; S6: After the measurement is completed, the displacement ΔL of the gland (207) is calculated according to the formula ΔL=h12-h11. The actual measured value L of the standard pad (6) is known. Then, according to the formula Δh=L-ΔL=L-h12+h11, the gap Δh between the transmission shaft (206) and the gland (207) is accurately calculated. The external data processing terminal analyzes the calculated axial gap Δh and compares it with the pre-set standard gap range.

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