A centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device and surveying and mapping process for engineering ships

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of waterborne surveying technology, and specifically relates to a centimeter-level high-precision waterborne surveying device and surveying process for engineering vessels. The device comprises a surveying box, a drive assembly mounted on the surveying box, the drive assembly connected to a surveyor via a liquid injection tube, and the drive assembly placing the surveyor underwater. A graduated tube is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the surveying box, a guide sleeve is slidably mounted on the graduated tube, a spherical table is mounted on the guide sleeve, and the spherical surface of the spherical table slides with a floating plate; a top liquid inlet and a bottom liquid inlet are respectively provided between the spherical table and the guide sleeve. When the liquid level fluctuates, the floating plate flips, at which point the floating plate slides along the spherical surface of the spherical table. Waves act on one side of the floating plate, lifting one side of the floating plate and, correspondingly, pressing the other side downward. The floating plate drives clamping blocks on both sides of the floating plate to diagonally clamp the graduated tube, thereby securing the guide sleeve and the spherical table, and preventing the guide sleeve from reciprocating under the action of waves, which would result in excessive measurement errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water surveying and mapping, and in particular relates to a centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering ships and a surveying and mapping process. Background Art

[0002] Engineering vessels are vessels used for various underwater or surface operations, including water-based engineering construction, dredging, piling, and lifting. Engineering vessels are typically equipped with waterborne mapping equipment, which is a device or system used to acquire and process various ocean or waterway information, primarily to obtain geographic, topographic, and hydrological data for construction purposes.

[0003] When measuring water depth, the existing surveying and mapping device needs to be immersed in the water. The water depth is measured based on the acoustic principle. That is, the surveying and mapping device transmits sound waves, and the sound waves are reflected back after hitting the bottom of the water and are received by the device to measure the water depth.

[0004] In the process of measuring water depth, it is also necessary to measure the liquid level height to provide calculation data for the water depth measurement. Liquid level measurement is easily affected by liquid level fluctuations. When the liquid level fluctuates, the liquid level changes, resulting in large errors in the liquid level height data and reducing the accuracy of the data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device and surveying and mapping process for engineering ships to solve the technical problems in the existing technology.

[0006] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering ships, which includes a surveying and mapping box, a driving assembly installed on the surveying and mapping box, the driving assembly is connected to the surveyor through an injection pipe, and the surveyor is placed underwater by the driving assembly, a scale tube is fixedly installed on the bottom of the surveying and mapping box, a guide sleeve is slidably installed on the scale tube, a spherical table is installed on the guide sleeve, and the spherical surface of the spherical table slides with the floating plate; a top liquid port and a bottom liquid port are respectively provided between the spherical table and the guide sleeve, and the top liquid port is connected to the bottom liquid port, a slide groove is provided in the spherical table, and a top slider and a bottom slider are respectively slidably installed in the slide groove, the top slider and the bottom slider respectively block the top liquid port and the bottom liquid port, and the top slider and the bottom slider are driven to move by flipping the floating plate.

[0007] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the floating plate is connected to the push-pull plate through a connecting rod, and the push-pull plates are respectively located in the top slider and the bottom slider and slide, and the push-pull plate is connected to the inner walls of the top slider and the bottom slider through a spring, and a clamping block is installed on the push-pull plate; when the liquid level fluctuates, the floating plate flips, and one side of the floating plate pushes the clamping block inside the bottom slider through the connecting rod, and blocks the bottom liquid port on one side of the floating plate through the bottom slider; the other side of the floating plate pushes the clamping block inside the top slider through the connecting rod, and blocks the top liquid port on the other side of the floating plate through the top slider, so that the clamping blocks on both sides of the floating plate diagonally clamp the scale tube.

[0008] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, an edge platform is installed on the spherical platform, and the edge platform suppresses excessive flipping of the floating plate.

[0009] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the driving assembly includes a motor fixed on the surveying box, the output end of the motor is connected to a take-up roller, the take-up roller is located inside the surveying box, and a liquid injection tube is installed on the take-up roller.

[0010] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a cylinder is installed on one side of the surveying box, an oil chamber is opened inside the retracting roller, the injection pipe is connected to the oil chamber, the output end of the cylinder is connected to the piston block, and the cylinder pushes the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber through the piston block.

[0011] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, a connection frame is installed on the top of the surveying box, and the connection frame is fixed on the hull.

[0012] A centimeter-level high-precision water mapping process for an engineering vessel, the process being applied to the centimeter-level high-precision water mapping device for an engineering vessel as described above, the process comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: When the liquid surface fluctuates, the float flips over and slides along the spherical surface on the spherical table. The wave acts on the float from one side of the float, and one side of the float is lifted up. Correspondingly, the other side of the float is pressed down.

[0014] Step S2: The side of the floating plate that is lifted up pushes the push-pull plate to move via the connecting rod. The push-pull plate drives the top slider to slide along the slide groove, so that the top slider blocks the top liquid port on the side of the floating plate that is lifted up. Then, the push-pull plate drives the clamping block to press the outer wall of the graduated tube.

[0015] Step S3: The side of the floating plate that is lifted pulls the bottom slider through the connecting rod and the push-pull plate, and the bottom liquid port on the side of the floating plate that is lifted opens. At this time, the waves enter through the bottom liquid port on the side of the floating plate that is lifted;

[0016] Step S4: The downward pressing side of the floating plate pushes the push-pull plate to move via the connecting rod, so that the push-pull plate drives the top slider to block the bottom liquid port on the downward pressing side of the floating plate, and then the push-pull plate drives the clamping block to press the outer wall of the graduated tube;

[0017] Step S5: The side of the floating plate pressing downward pulls the top slider through the connecting rod, so that the top liquid port on the side of the floating plate pressing downward opens, and the waves are discharged from the top liquid port;

[0018] Step S6: The floating plate flips over to drive the clamping blocks on both sides of the floating plate to clamp the graduated tube diagonally, thereby fixing the guide sleeve and the spherical table.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] (1) When the liquid level fluctuates, the float flips over and slides along the spherical surface on the spherical table. The wave acts on the float from one side, lifting one side of the float and pressing down the other side. The float drives the clamping blocks on both sides of the float to clamp the graduated tube diagonally, thus fixing the guide sleeve and the spherical table. This eliminates the influence of the liquid level fluctuation on the liquid level measurement and prevents the guide sleeve from moving back and forth under the action of the wave, which may cause large measurement errors.

[0021] (2) Waves enter the bottom liquid port between the spherical table and the guide sleeve through the bottom right side of the float and are discharged from the top liquid port on the top left side of the float. The waves discharged from the top liquid port can act on the float, so that the float maintains the state of fixing the guide sleeve. The present invention guides the waves through the bottom liquid port and the top liquid port, preventing the waves from directly acting on the spherical table and the guide sleeve, causing the guide sleeve to deviate and thus affecting the accuracy of the data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the surveying box.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drive component.

[0026] Figure 4 This is the matching diagram of the scale tube and guide sleeve.

[0027] Figure 5 This is the coordination diagram of the spherical table and the floating plate.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the floating plate, guide sleeve and spherical table structure.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the scale tube and guide sleeve structure.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure of part A.

[0031] Figure 9Schematic diagram of wave flow state.

[0032] The following are marked in the figure: 1. Surveying box; 2. Connecting frame; 3. Driving assembly; 301. Motor; 302. Winding roller; 303. Oil chamber; 304. Cylinder; 305. Piston block; 4. Liquid injection pipe; 5. Surveyor; 7. Scale tube; 8. Floating plate; 9. Guide sleeve; 10. Spherical table; 11. Top liquid port; 12. Bottom liquid port; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Slide; 15. Top slider; 16. Bottom slider; 17. Push-pull plate; 18. Clamp; 19. Spring; 20. Edge table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figures 1-8 A centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering ships includes a surveying and mapping box 1, a driving component 3 is installed on the surveying and mapping box 1, the driving component 3 is connected to the surveying and mapping device 5 through the injection pipe 4, and the surveying and mapping device 5 is placed underwater by the driving component 3, and a scale tube 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the surveying and mapping box 1, a guide sleeve 9 is slidably installed on the scale tube 7, a spherical table 10 is installed on the guide sleeve 9, and the spherical surface of the spherical table 10 slides with the floating plate 8; a top liquid port 11 and a bottom liquid port 12 are respectively provided between the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9, and the top liquid port 11 is connected to the bottom liquid port 12, a slide groove 14 is provided in the spherical table 10, and a top slider 15 and a bottom slider 16 are respectively slidably installed in the slide groove 14, the top slider 15 and the bottom slider 16 respectively block the top liquid port 11 and the bottom liquid port 12, and the top slider 15 and the bottom slider 16 are driven to move by flipping the floating plate 8.

[0035] Specifically, the floating plate 8 is connected to the push-pull plate 17 through the connecting rod 13. The push-pull plate 17 is respectively located in the top slider 15 and the bottom slider 16 and slides. The push-pull plate 17 is connected to the inner walls of the top slider 15 and the bottom slider 16 by a spring 19, and a clamping block 18 is installed on the push-pull plate 17; when the liquid level fluctuates, the floating plate 8 flips over, and one side of the floating plate 8 pushes the clamping block 18 inside the bottom slider 16 through the connecting rod 13, and blocks the bottom liquid port 12 on one side of the floating plate 8 through the bottom slider 16; the other side of the floating plate 8 pushes the clamping block 18 inside the top slider 15 through the connecting rod 13, and blocks the top liquid port 11 on the other side of the floating plate 8 through the top slider 15, so that the clamping blocks 18 on both sides of the floating plate 8 diagonally clamp the scale tube 7.

[0036] It should be noted that a sensor may be installed in the spherical table 10 to sense the positions of the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9 and measure the liquid level.

[0037] It should be noted that when measuring the liquid level, the float 8 floats on the liquid surface. When the liquid level rises, the float 8 drives the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9 to slide along the graduated tube 7, and the liquid level is determined by the position of the guide sleeve 9; the same applies when the liquid level drops.

[0038] When the liquid level fluctuates, the float 8 turns over and slides along the spherical surface on the spherical table 10. Figure 9 For example, the wave acts on the floating plate 8 from one side (right side) of the floating plate 8, and the one side (right side) of the floating plate 8 is lifted up, and correspondingly, the other side (left side) of the floating plate 8 is pressed down.

[0039] During this process, the floating plate 8 on the right side pushes the push-pull plate 17 to move through the connecting rod 13, and the push-pull plate 17 drives the top slider 15 to slide along the slide groove 14, so that the top slider 15 blocks the top liquid port 11 on the right side of the floating plate 8, and then the push-pull plate 17 drives the clamping block 18 to press the outer wall of the scale tube 7. At the same time, the floating plate 8 on the right side pulls the bottom slider 16 through the connecting rod 13 and the push-pull plate 17, and the bottom liquid port 12 on the right side of the floating plate 8 is opened. At this time, the waves enter through the bottom liquid port 12 on the right side of the floating plate 8.

[0040] The floating plate 8 on the left side pushes the push-pull plate 17 to move through the connecting rod 13, so that the push-pull plate 17 drives the top slider 15 to block the bottom liquid port 12 of the floating plate 8 (left side), and then the push-pull plate 17 drives the clamping block 18 to press the outer wall of the scale tube 7. At the same time, the floating plate 8 on the left side pulls the top slider 15 through the connecting rod 13 to open the top liquid port 11 on the left side of the floating plate 8. At this time, the waves are discharged from the top liquid port 11.

[0041] During this process, the floating plate 8 flips and drives the clamping blocks 18 on both sides of the floating plate 8 to clamp the graduated tube 7 diagonally, thereby fixing the guide sleeve 9 and the spherical table 10, and preventing the guide sleeve 9 from moving back and forth under the action of waves, resulting in excessive measurement errors.

[0042] During the flipping process of the floating plate 8, waves enter from the bottom liquid port 12 at the bottom right side of the floating plate 8 and are discharged from the top liquid port 11 at the top left side of the floating plate 8. The waves discharged from the top liquid port 11 press on the left side of the floating plate 8, making it easier for the floating plate 8 to maintain this state.

[0043] It should be noted that the long-term action of waves on the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9 may easily cause the guide sleeve 9 to deviate and cause the guide sleeve 9 to become stuck.

[0044] See also Figure 9The waves pass through the bottom right side of the float 8, enter the bottom liquid port 12 between the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9, and are discharged from the top liquid port 11 on the top left side of the float 8. The present invention guides the waves through the bottom liquid port 12 and the top liquid port 11, preventing the waves from directly acting on the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9, causing the guide sleeve 9 to deviate and thus affect the accuracy of the data.

[0045] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The edge platform 20 is installed on the spherical platform 10, and the edge platform 20 suppresses the floating plate 8 from overturning.

[0046] It should be noted that the function of the edge platform 20 is to block the floating plate 8 and prevent the floating plate 8 from overturning.

[0047] See also Figure 2-Figure 3 The driving assembly 3 includes a motor 301 fixed on the surveying box 1, the output end of the motor 301 is connected to the take-up roller 302, the take-up roller 302 is located inside the surveying box 1, and the injection tube 4 is installed on the take-up roller 302.

[0048] Specifically, a cylinder 304 is installed on one side of the surveying box 1, an oil chamber 303 is opened inside the retracting roller 302, the injection pipe 4 is connected to the oil chamber 303, and the output end of the cylinder 304 is connected to the piston block 305. The cylinder 304 pushes the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 303 through the piston block 305.

[0049] It should be noted that the motor 301 drives the take-up roller 302 to rotate, unfolds the injection tube 4 wrapped around the take-up roller 302, and places the surveyor 5 in the water. Then, the cylinder 304 pushes the piston block 305 to move in the oil chamber 303, so that the piston block 305 injects the hydraulic oil inside the oil chamber 303 into the injection tube 4, increases the hardness of the injection tube 4, and improves the anti-interference ability of the surveyor 5 underwater.

[0050] See also Figure 1 A connection frame 2 is installed on the top of the surveying box 1, and the connection frame 2 is fixed on the hull.

[0051] It should be noted that it is necessary to measure the liquid level during the use of the surveyor 5. The surveyor 5 needs to be placed underwater during use, so the actual water depth = the distance from the surveyor 5 to the water bottom + the distance from the surveyor 5 to the water surface.

[0052] The distance from the surveyor 5 to the water bottom is measured by acoustic principles, while the distance from the surveyor 5 to the water surface needs to be obtained by measuring the liquid level.

[0053] See also Figure 2-Figure 8 As shown, the present invention is a centimeter-level high-precision water mapping process for engineering ships, which is applied to the centimeter-level high-precision water mapping device for engineering ships as described in the above embodiment. The process includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S1: When the liquid level fluctuates, the float 8 flips over. At this time, the float 8 slides along the spherical surface on the spherical table 10. The wave acts on the float 8 from one side (the right side) of the float 8, and the one side (the right side) of the float 8 is lifted. Correspondingly, the other side (the left side) of the float 8 is pressed down.

[0055] Step S2: The right floating plate 8 pushes the push-pull plate 17 to move via the connecting rod 13. The push-pull plate 17 drives the top slider 15 to slide along the slide groove 14, so that the top slider 15 blocks the top liquid port 11 on the right side of the floating plate 8. Then, the push-pull plate 17 drives the clamping block 18 to press the outer wall of the graduated tube 7.

[0056] Step S3: The right floating plate 8 pulls the bottom slider 16 through the connecting rod 13 and the push-pull plate 17, and the bottom liquid port 12 on the right side of the floating plate 8 opens. At this time, the waves enter through the bottom liquid port 12 on the right side of the floating plate 8;

[0057] Step S4: The floating plate 8 on the left side pushes the push-pull plate 17 to move via the connecting rod 13, so that the push-pull plate 17 drives the top slider 15 to block the bottom liquid port 12 on the left side of the floating plate 8, and then the push-pull plate 17 drives the clamping block 18 to press the outer wall of the graduated tube 7;

[0058] Step S5: The floating plate 8 on the left side pulls the top slider 15 through the connecting rod 13, so that the top liquid port 11 on the left side of the floating plate 8 is opened, and the waves are discharged from the top liquid port 11;

[0059] Step S6: The floating plate 8 flips over to drive the clamping blocks 18 on both sides of the floating plate 8 to clamp the graduated tube 7 diagonally, thereby fixing the guide sleeve 9 and the spherical table 10 .

[0060] Working principle of the present invention:

[0061] When measuring the liquid level, the float 8 floats on the liquid surface. When the liquid level rises, the float 8 drives the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9 to slide along the graduated tube 7, and the liquid level is determined by the position of the guide sleeve 9; the same applies when the liquid level drops.

[0062] When the liquid level fluctuates, the float 8 turns over and slides along the spherical surface on the spherical table 10. Figure 9 For example, the wave acts on the floating plate 8 from one side (right side) of the floating plate 8, and the one side (right side) of the floating plate 8 is lifted up, and correspondingly, the other side (left side) of the floating plate 8 is pressed down.

[0063] During this process, the floating plate 8 on the right side pushes the push-pull plate 17 to move through the connecting rod 13, and the push-pull plate 17 drives the top slider 15 to slide along the slide groove 14, so that the top slider 15 blocks the top liquid port 11 on the right side of the floating plate 8, and then the push-pull plate 17 drives the clamping block 18 to press the outer wall of the scale tube 7. At the same time, the floating plate 8 on the right side pulls the bottom slider 16 through the connecting rod 13 and the push-pull plate 17, and the bottom liquid port 12 on the right side of the floating plate 8 is opened. At this time, the waves enter through the bottom liquid port 12 on the right side of the floating plate 8.

[0064] The floating plate 8 on the left side pushes the push-pull plate 17 to move through the connecting rod 13, so that the push-pull plate 17 drives the top slider 15 to block the bottom liquid port 12 of the floating plate 8 (left side), and then the push-pull plate 17 drives the clamping block 18 to press the outer wall of the scale tube 7. At the same time, the floating plate 8 on the left side pulls the top slider 15 through the connecting rod 13 to open the top liquid port 11 on the left side of the floating plate 8. At this time, the waves are discharged from the top liquid port 11.

[0065] The flipping of the floating plate 8 drives the clamping blocks 18 on both sides of the floating plate 8 to clamp the graduated tube 7 diagonally, thereby fixing the guide sleeve 9 and the spherical table 10, and preventing the guide sleeve 9 from reciprocating under the action of waves, which may cause excessive measurement errors.

[0066] Specifically, waves enter the bottom liquid port 12 between the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9 through the bottom right side of the floating plate 8, and are discharged from the top liquid port 11 at the top left side of the floating plate 8. The waves discharged from the top liquid port 11 can act on the floating plate 8, so that the floating plate 8 maintains the state of fixing the guide sleeve 9. The present invention guides the waves through the bottom liquid port 12 and the top liquid port 11, preventing the waves from directly acting on the spherical table 10 and the guide sleeve 9, causing the guide sleeve 9 to deviate and thus affect the accuracy of the data.

[0067] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A centimeter-level high-precision water mapping device for engineering vessels, characterized by: The invention comprises a surveying box (1), a driving assembly (3) is installed on the surveying box (1), the driving assembly (3) is connected to a surveying device (5) through a liquid injection pipe (4), the surveying device (5) is placed underwater through the driving assembly (3), a scale tube (7) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the surveying box (1), a guide sleeve (9) is slidably installed on the scale tube (7), a spherical table (10) is installed on the guide sleeve (9), and the spherical surface of the spherical table (10) is slidably matched with the floating plate (8); A top liquid port (11) and a bottom liquid port (12) are respectively provided between the spherical table (10) and the guide sleeve (9), and the top liquid port (11) is communicated with the bottom liquid port (12). A slide groove (14) is provided in the spherical table (10), and a top slider (15) and a bottom slider (16) are respectively slidably installed in the slide groove (14). The top slider (15) and the bottom slider (16) respectively block the top liquid port (11) and the bottom liquid port (12), and the top slider (15) and the bottom slider (16) are driven to move by turning the floating plate (8); The floating plate (8) is connected to the push-pull plate (17) via a connecting rod (13); the push-pull plate (17) is respectively located in the top slider (15) and the bottom slider (16) and slides therein; the push-pull plate (17) is connected to the inner walls of the top slider (15) and the bottom slider (16) via a spring (19); a clamping block (18) is installed on the push-pull plate (17); When the liquid level fluctuates, the float (8) turns over, and one side of the float (8) pushes the clamping block (18) inside the bottom slider (16) through the connecting rod (13), and blocks the bottom liquid port (12) on one side of the float (8) through the bottom slider (16); the other side of the float (8) pushes the clamping block (18) inside the top slider (15) through the connecting rod (13), and blocks the top liquid port (11) on the other side of the float (8) through the top slider (15), so that the clamping blocks (18) on both sides of the float (8) clamp the graduated tube (7) diagonally.

2. The centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: An edge platform (20) is mounted on the spherical platform (10), and the edge platform (20) suppresses excessive flipping of the floating plate (8).

3. The centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (3) comprises a motor (301) fixed on the surveying box (1), the output end of the motor (301) is connected to a retracting roller (302), the retracting roller (302) is located inside the surveying box (1), and a liquid injection pipe (4) is installed on the retracting roller (302).

4. The centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering vessels according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cylinder (304) is installed on one side of the surveying box (1), an oil chamber (303) is provided inside the retracting roller (302), a liquid injection pipe (4) is connected to the oil chamber (303), an output end of the cylinder (304) is connected to a piston block (305), and the cylinder (304) pushes the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber (303) through the piston block (305).

5. The centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection frame (2) is installed on the top of the surveying box (1), and the connection frame (2) is fixed on the hull.

6. A centimeter-level high-precision water mapping process for engineering ships, characterized in that: The process is applied to the centimeter-level high-precision water surveying and mapping device for engineering ships as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 above, and the process comprises the following steps: Step S1: When the liquid surface fluctuates, the float (8) turns over. At this time, the float (8) slides along the spherical surface on the spherical table (10). The wave acts on the float (8) from one side of the float (8). One side of the float (8) is lifted, and correspondingly, the other side of the float (8) is pressed down. Step S2: The side of the floating plate (8) that is lifted up pushes the push-pull plate (17) to move via the connecting rod (13), and the push-pull plate (17) drives the top slider (15) to slide along the slide groove (14), so that the top slider (15) blocks the top liquid port (11) on the side of the floating plate (8) that is lifted up, and then the push-pull plate (17) drives the clamping block (18) to press the outer wall of the graduated tube (7); Step S3: The side of the floating plate (8) that is lifted up pulls the bottom slider (16) through the connecting rod (13) and the push-pull plate (17), and the bottom liquid inlet (12) on the side of the floating plate (8) that is lifted up is opened. At this time, the waves enter through the bottom liquid inlet (12) on the side of the floating plate (8) that is lifted up; Step S4: The downward pressing side of the floating plate (8) pushes the push-pull plate (17) to move via the connecting rod (13), so that the push-pull plate (17) drives the top slider (15) to block the bottom liquid port (12) on the downward pressing side of the floating plate (8), and then the push-pull plate (17) drives the clamping block (18) to press the outer wall of the graduated tube (7); Step S5: The side of the floating plate (8) pressing downward pulls the top slider (15) through the connecting rod (13), so that the top liquid port (11) on the side of the floating plate (8) pressing downward opens, and the waves are discharged from the top liquid port (11); Step S6: The floating plate (8) flips over to drive the clamping blocks (18) on both sides of the floating plate (8) to clamp the graduated tube (7) diagonally, thereby fixing the guide sleeve (9) and the spherical table (10).

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