Grain depot intelligent ventilation control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent ventilation control method and system for a grain depot, and relates to the technical field of grain depot management, and the method comprises the following steps: dividing a grain pile into a plurality of regions in advance, and respectively collecting the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding regions; respectively acquiring the temperature and humidity of each layer according to the temperature information and the humidity information of the corresponding area; calibrating a suitable storage temperature range (Tmin, Tmax) of the grain variety and a suitable storage humidity range (Hmin, Hmax) of the grain variety, respectively calculating the temperature deviation and the humidity deviation of each layer, and obtaining the corresponding ventilation quantity. The temperature deviation and the humidity deviation are accurately calculated, then the ventilation quantity and the number of fans needed by each layer are obtained, accurate ventilation adjustment can be achieved according to the temperature and humidity difference of different portions of a grain pile, the problem that ventilation in a local area of a traditional ventilation system is excessive or insufficient is solved, and the ventilation efficiency is improved. And the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always in a range suitable for grain storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grain depot management. Specifically, it relates to an intelligent ventilation control method and system for grain depots. Background Art

[0002] In the field of grain storage, the ventilation control of grain depots plays a crucial role in ensuring grain quality and safety. Traditional grain depot ventilation systems generally have many drawbacks and are difficult to meet the needs of modern grain storage.

[0003] In terms of the accuracy of ventilation control, most existing systems adopt relatively crude ventilation methods and cannot accurately adjust according to the actual conditions of different regions inside the grain pile. The grain pile is a complex structure, and the temperature and humidity of different parts are significantly affected by the external environment and its own characteristics. For example, the upper layer of the grain pile is in direct contact with the external air. During seasonal alternation or large day-night temperature differences, the temperature fluctuates violently, and the humidity is also easily affected by external water vapor and changes significantly; although the middle layer is relatively stable, the heat conduction from the upper layer and the water vapor rising from the lower layer still interfere with its temperature and humidity; the lower layer is in contact with the ground, and the ground moisture return phenomenon easily leads to high humidity, and the slow heat conduction makes the temperature change lag. However, traditional ventilation systems cannot accurately adjust the ventilation volume and ventilation time according to these differences, and there are often situations of excessive or insufficient ventilation in local areas, threatening the quality of grain storage.

[0004] For the problems in the related art, no effective solutions have been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention provides an intelligent ventilation control method and system for grain depots to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0007] On the one hand:

[0008] An intelligent ventilation control method for grain depots, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, pre-divide the grain pile into several regions, and respectively collect the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding regions;

[0010] Step S2, respectively obtain the temperature and humidity of each layer according to the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding regions;

[0011] Step S3, calibrate the suitable storage temperature range (T min , T max ) and the suitable storage humidity range (H min , H max) Calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer respectively, and obtain the corresponding ventilation volume;

[0012] Step S4, according to the ventilation volume required for each layer, obtain the number of fans required for each layer, and execute the control strategy according to the number of fans required for each layer, including starting the corresponding number of fans to achieve precise ventilation adjustment and ensure that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always within the range suitable for grain storage.

[0013] Among them, the division of the grain pile into several areas includes: dividing it into upper, middle and lower layers according to the temperature and humidity difference characteristics at different positions of the grain pile, and arranging a preset number of temperature sensors and humidity sensors in the upper, middle and lower layers of the grain pile respectively. At least, it includes arranging n1 temperature sensors and m1 humidity sensors evenly in the upper layer, n2 temperature sensors and m2 humidity sensors in the middle layer, and n3 temperature sensors and m3 humidity sensors in the lower layer.

[0014] Among them, the acquisition of the temperature and humidity of each layer includes the following steps:

[0015] Calculate the temperature and humidity of the upper layer. Among them, obtain the average temperature of the upper layer of the grain pile, expressed as: Among them, T 1i represents the temperature value measured by the i-th temperature sensor in the upper layer; obtain the average humidity of the upper layer of the grain pile, expressed as: Among them, H 1j represents the humidity value measured by the j-th humidity sensor in the upper layer;

[0016] Calculate the temperature and humidity of the middle layer. The average temperature of the middle layer of the grain pile is expressed as: The average humidity of the middle layer of the grain pile is expressed as:

[0017] Calculate the temperature and humidity of the lower layer. The average temperature of the lower layer of the grain pile is expressed as: The average humidity of the lower layer of the grain pile is expressed as:

[0018] Among them, the calculation of the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer and the acquisition of the corresponding ventilation volume include the following steps:

[0019] The upper layer temperature deviation is expressed as:

[0020] ΔT1 = max(0, T avg1 - T max ) + max(0, T min - T avg1 );

[0021] The upper layer humidity deviation is expressed as: ΔH1 = max(0, H avg1 - H max) + max(0, H min -H avg1 );

[0022] Calculate the required ventilation volume for the upper layer according to the temperature deviation and humidity deviation, expressed as:

[0023] Q1 = k1ΔT1 + k2ΔH1;

[0024] Wherein, k1 and k2 are characteristic coefficients of grain varieties;

[0025] Among them, the temperature deviation of the middle layer is expressed as:

[0026] ΔT2 = max(0, T avg2 -T max ) + max(0, T min -T avg2 );

[0027] The humidity deviation of the middle layer is expressed as: ΔH2 = max(0, H avg2 -H max ) + max(0, H min -H avg2 );

[0028] Calculate the required ventilation volume for the middle layer, expressed as:

[0029] Q1 = k1ΔT2 + k2ΔH2;

[0030] Among them, the temperature deviation of the lower layer is expressed as:

[0031] ΔT3 = max(0, T avg3 -T max ) + max(0, T min -T avg3 );

[0032] The humidity deviation of the lower layer is expressed as: ΔH3 = max(0, H avg3 -H max ) + max(0, H min -H avg3 );

[0033] Calculate the required ventilation volume for the lower layer, expressed as:

[0034] Q3 = k1ΔT3 + k2ΔH3;

[0035] According to the required ventilation volume of each layer, obtain the required number of fans for each layer, expressed as:

[0036] Among them, Q represents the required ventilation volume of the corresponding layer, q is the ventilation capacity of the fan, Indicates rounding up.

[0037] Among them, the execution control strategy further includes the following steps:

[0038] Preset a time threshold and obtain the startup time of the current fan. Among them, if the startup time of the current corresponding fan ≤ the time threshold, reduce the rotational speed of the current fan until the fan stops.

[0039] On the other hand of this aspect:

[0040] An intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot includes:

[0041] A node acquisition module, which is composed of temperature sensors and humidity sensors arranged on the upper, middle, and lower layers of the grain pile. Among them, n1 temperature sensors and m1 humidity sensors are evenly arranged on the upper layer, n2 temperature sensors and m2 humidity sensors are arranged on the middle layer, and n3 temperature sensors and m3 humidity sensors are arranged on the lower layer;

[0042] A data processing module, which is used to receive the data transmitted by the node acquisition module, calculate the average temperature and humidity of each layer, and calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer according to the calibrated suitable storage temperature range and humidity range of the grain variety, and obtain the required ventilation volume and the number of fans for each layer;

[0043] A control module, which is used to execute a control strategy according to the number of fans obtained by the data processing module, including: controlling the startup and stop of the corresponding number of fans.

[0044] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0045] A storage module: which is used to store the data collected by the node acquisition module, the calculation results of the temperature and humidity of each layer by the data processing module, the temperature deviation, the humidity deviation, the ventilation volume, and the operating status of the fans controlled by the control module respectively;

[0046] A display module, which is used to present the real-time temperature and humidity data of each layer of the grain pile, the temperature deviation, the humidity deviation, the required ventilation volume, and the fan operating status information.

[0047] Among them, the control module further includes: a rotational speed adjustment module, which is used to adjust the rotational speed of the fan, and if the startup time of the current fan exceeds the preset time threshold, gradually reduce the rotational speed of the fan until it stops, ensuring that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are within the range suitable for grain storage.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0049] 1. In this aspect, by dividing the grain pile into upper, middle, and lower layers and arranging multiple temperature sensors and humidity sensors in each layer, the temperature and humidity information of different regions can be collected in real time and accurately. Based on these data, the average temperature and humidity of each layer are calculated, and then compared with the calibrated suitable storage temperature and humidity range to accurately calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation, and further obtain the required ventilation volume and the number of fans for each layer. This refined control method can achieve precise ventilation adjustment for the temperature and humidity differences in different parts of the grain pile, avoiding the problems of excessive or insufficient ventilation in local areas of the traditional ventilation system, and ensuring that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always within the range suitable for grain storage. At the same time, its precise ventilation control is of great significance for ensuring grain quality. The temperature in the upper layer of the grain pile fluctuates greatly, and the humidity is easily affected by the outside. The middle layer is easily interfered by the upper and lower layers, and the lower layer is easily affected by moisture. These adverse changes in temperature and humidity may cause problems such as grain mildew, germination, and pests. The ventilation control system of the present invention can effectively adjust the temperature and humidity of each layer, create a stable storage environment, inhibit the growth of microorganisms and the reproduction of pests, minimize grain losses to the greatest extent, extend the safe storage period of grain, and ensure the quality and edible safety of grain.

[0050] 2. The present invention determines the number of fans and the running time according to the actual ventilation requirements, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption. While meeting the ventilation requirements of the grain pile, it reduces the ineffective operation of the fans and lowers the energy consumption cost. In addition, precise ventilation helps to improve the ventilation efficiency, making the ventilation process more efficient, reducing the ventilation time, and improving the overall warehousing operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for intelligent ventilation control of a grain depot according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of the principle of an intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of the principle of an intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0055] In the figure:

[0056] 1. Node acquisition module; 2. Data processing module; 3. Control module; 4. Storage module; 5. Display module; 31. Speed regulation module. Specific implementation manner

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent ventilation control method for a grain depot is provided.

[0059] As Figure 1 shown, the intelligent ventilation control method for a grain depot according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0060] Step S1, divide the grain pile into several regions in advance, and collect the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding regions respectively;

[0061] In this technical solution, the grain pile is divided into several regions in advance, where at least it is divided into upper, middle and lower layers according to the temperature and humidity difference characteristics at different positions of the grain pile, and a preset number of temperature sensors and humidity sensors are arranged in the upper, middle and lower layers of the grain pile respectively to collect the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding regions respectively;

[0062] Specifically, in this technical solution, considering the temperature and humidity change characteristics of different layers of the grain pile: the upper layer is directly in contact with the outside air, and the environmental temperature and humidity changes have a significant impact on it, and it is easy to have the situation of temperature rise and humidity increase; the middle layer is in the middle position, and the temperature and humidity are relatively stable, but it will still be affected by the heat conduction of the upper layer and the water vapor rising of the lower layer; the lower layer is in contact with the ground, and the humidity may be relatively high due to ground moisture return, and the heat conduction is relatively slow, and the temperature change is small. In application, n1 temperature sensors and m1 humidity sensors are evenly arranged in the upper layer, n2 temperature sensors and m2 humidity sensors are arranged in the middle layer, and n3 temperature sensors and m3 humidity sensors are arranged in the lower layer.

[0063] Step S2, obtain the temperature and humidity of each layer according to the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding region; including the following steps:

[0064] Calculate the temperature and humidity of the upper layer, specifically as follows:

[0065] Among them, obtain the average temperature of the upper layer of the grain pile, expressed as: Among them, T 1i represents the temperature value measured by the i-th temperature sensor in the upper layer.

[0066] Among them, obtaining the average humidity of the upper grain pile is expressed as: Among them, H 1j represents the humidity value measured by the j-th humidity sensor in the upper layer.

[0067] Among them, calculating the temperature and humidity in the middle layer. Similarly, the average temperature of the middle-layer grain pile is expressed as: The average humidity of the middle-layer grain pile is expressed as:

[0068] Among them, calculating the temperature and humidity in the lower layer. Similarly, the average temperature of the lower-layer grain pile is expressed as: The average humidity of the lower-layer grain pile is expressed as:

[0069] Calibrating the suitable storage temperature range (T min , T max ) and the suitable storage humidity range (H min , H max ) of the grain variety, respectively calculating the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer, and obtaining the corresponding ventilation volume, including the following steps:

[0070] Among them, the upper-layer temperature deviation is expressed as:

[0071] ΔT1 = max(0, T avg1 - T max ) + max(0, T min - T avg1 );

[0072] The upper-layer humidity deviation is expressed as: ΔH1 = max(0, H avg1 - H max ) + max(0, H min - H avg1 );

[0073] According to the temperature deviation and humidity deviation, calculate the required ventilation volume of the upper layer, expressed as:

[0074] Q1 = k1ΔT1 + k2ΔH1;

[0075] Among them, k1 and k2 are the characteristic coefficients of the grain variety;

[0076] Similarly, the middle-layer temperature deviation is expressed as:

[0077] ΔT2 = max(0, T avg2 - T max ) + max(0, T min - T avg2 );

[0078] The middle-layer humidity deviation is expressed as: ΔH2 = max(0, Havg2 -H max ) + max(0, H min -H avg2 );

[0079] Calculate the required ventilation volume for the middle layer, expressed as:

[0080] Q1 = k1ΔT2 + k2ΔH2;

[0081] Similarly, the temperature deviation of the lower layer, expressed as:

[0082] ΔT3 = max(0, T avg3 -T max ) + max(0, T min -T avg3 );

[0083] The humidity deviation of the lower layer, expressed as: ΔH3 = max(0, H avg3 -H max ) + max(0, H min -H avg3 );

[0084] Calculate the required ventilation volume for the lower layer, expressed as:

[0085] Q3 = k1ΔT3 + k2ΔH3;

[0086] Step S4, according to the required ventilation volume of each layer, obtain the required number of fans for each layer, and according to the required number of fans for each layer, execute the control strategy, including starting the corresponding number of fans to achieve precise ventilation adjustment and ensure that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always within the range suitable for grain storage.

[0087] Among them, according to the required ventilation volume of each layer, obtaining the required number of fans for each layer is expressed as:

[0088] Among them, Q represents the required ventilation volume of the corresponding layer, q is the ventilation capacity of the fan (cubic meters per hour), represents rounding up,

[0089] In this technical solution, when applied, if Q1 = 450 cubic meters per hour, Q2 = 150 cubic meters per hour, Q3 = 150 cubic meters per hour, and the ventilation capacity of each fan q = 150 cubic meters per hour, then N1 = 3 units, N2 = 1 unit, N3 = 1 unit.

[0090] In this technical solution, according to the required number of fans for each layer, execute the control strategy, including starting the corresponding number of fans to achieve precise ventilation adjustment and ensure that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always within the range suitable for grain storage.

[0091] With the above - mentioned solution, by dividing the grain heap into upper, middle, and lower layers and arranging multiple temperature sensors and humidity sensors in each layer, the temperature and humidity information of different regions can be collected in real - time and accurately. Based on these data, the average temperature and humidity of each layer are calculated, and then compared with the calibrated suitable storage temperature and humidity range to accurately calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation, and further obtain the required ventilation volume and the number of fans for each layer. This refined control method can achieve precise ventilation adjustment for the temperature and humidity differences in different parts of the grain heap, avoiding the problems of excessive or insufficient ventilation in local areas of the traditional ventilation system, and ensuring that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain heap are always within the range suitable for grain storage. At the same time, its precise ventilation control is of great significance for ensuring grain quality. The temperature of the upper layer of the grain heap fluctuates greatly, and the humidity is easily affected by the outside. The middle layer is easily interfered by the upper and lower layers, and the lower layer is easily affected by moisture. These adverse changes in temperature and humidity may cause problems such as grain mildew, germination, and pests. The ventilation control system of the present invention can effectively adjust the temperature and humidity of each layer, create a stable storage environment, inhibit the growth of microorganisms and the reproduction of pests, minimize grain losses to the greatest extent, extend the safe storage period of grain, and ensure the quality and edible safety of grain.

[0092] At the same time, the number of fans and the running time are determined according to the actual ventilation requirements, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption. While meeting the ventilation requirements of the grain heap, the ineffective operation of the fans is reduced, and the energy consumption cost is lowered. In addition, precise ventilation helps to improve the ventilation efficiency, making the ventilation process more efficient, reducing the ventilation time, and improving the overall warehousing operation efficiency.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot is provided.

[0094] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0095] The node acquisition module 1, which is composed of temperature sensors and humidity sensors arranged in the upper, middle, and lower layers of the grain heap. Among them, n1 temperature sensors and m1 humidity sensors are evenly arranged in the upper layer, n2 temperature sensors and m2 humidity sensors are arranged in the middle layer, and n3 temperature sensors and m3 humidity sensors are arranged in the lower layer;

[0096] The data processing module 2 is used to receive the data transmitted by the node acquisition module 1, calculate the average temperature and humidity of each layer, and calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer according to the calibrated suitable storage temperature range and humidity range of the grain variety, and obtain the required ventilation volume and the number of fans for each layer;

[0097] The control module 3 is used to execute the control strategy according to the number of fans obtained by the data processing module 2, including: controlling the start and stop of the corresponding number of fans.

[0098] Among them, it also includes:

[0099] Storage module 4: used to store the data collected by the node acquisition module 1, the temperature and humidity calculation results of each layer of the data processing module 2, the temperature deviation, the humidity deviation, the ventilation volume, and the fan operation status controlled by the control module 3 respectively;

[0100] Display module 5, used to present the real-time data of temperature and humidity, temperature deviation, humidity deviation, required ventilation volume, and fan operation status information of each layer of the grain pile.

[0101] Among them, the control module 3 also includes: a rotation speed adjustment module 31, used to adjust the fan rotation speed, and if the current fan startup time exceeds the preset time threshold, gradually reduce the fan rotation speed until it stops, ensuring that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are within the range suitable for grain storage.

[0102] In this technical solution, the storage module 4 stores a large amount of data, which is convenient for analyzing historical data, providing data support for optimizing ventilation strategies, adjusting sensor layouts, and improving system performance. The display module 5 presents the key information of each layer of the grain pile in real time, facilitating the management personnel to intuitively understand the state of the grain pile, promptly discover abnormalities and take measures, realizing intelligent grain depot management.

[0103] In summary, by means of the above technical solution of the present invention, the following effects can be achieved:

[0104] 1. In this aspect, by dividing the grain pile into upper, middle, and lower layers and arranging multiple temperature sensors and humidity sensors on each layer, the temperature and humidity information of different areas can be collected in real time and accurately. Based on these data, the average temperature and humidity of each layer are calculated, and then compared with the calibrated suitable storage temperature and humidity range, the temperature deviation and humidity deviation are accurately calculated, and then the required ventilation volume and the number of fans for each layer are obtained. This refined regulation method can achieve precise ventilation adjustment for the temperature and humidity differences in different parts of the grain pile, avoiding the problems of excessive or insufficient ventilation in local areas of the traditional ventilation system, and ensuring that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always within the range suitable for grain storage. At the same time, its precise ventilation control is of great significance for ensuring grain quality. The temperature of the upper layer of the grain pile fluctuates greatly, and the humidity is easily affected by the outside. The middle layer is easily affected by the upper and lower layers, and the lower layer is easily affected by moisture. These adverse changes in temperature and humidity may cause problems such as grain mildew, germination, and pests. The ventilation control system of the present invention can effectively adjust the temperature and humidity of each layer, create a stable storage environment, inhibit the growth of microorganisms and the reproduction of pests, minimize grain losses to the greatest extent, extend the safe storage period of grain, and ensure the quality and edible safety of grain.

[0105] 2. The present invention determines the number of fans and the running time according to the actual ventilation requirements, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption. While meeting the ventilation requirements of the grain pile, it reduces the ineffective operation of the fans and lowers the energy consumption cost. In addition, precise ventilation helps to improve the ventilation efficiency, making the ventilation process more efficient, reducing the ventilation time, and improving the overall warehousing operation efficiency.

[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. After considering the disclosure in the specification and the embodiments, those skilled in the art will easily think of other implementation schemes of the present disclosure. This application aims to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and the embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the claims.

[0107] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent ventilation control method for a grain depot, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Pre-divide the grain pile into several areas, and collect the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding areas respectively; Obtain the temperature and humidity of each layer respectively according to the temperature information and humidity information of the corresponding area; Calibrate the suitable storage temperature range (T min , T max ) and the suitable storage humidity range (H min , H max ) for the calibrated grain varieties, calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer respectively, and obtain the corresponding ventilation volume; According to the required ventilation volume of each layer, obtain the required number of fans for each layer, and execute the control strategy according to the required number of fans for each layer, including starting the corresponding number of fans to achieve precise ventilation adjustment and ensure that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are always within the range suitable for grain storage.

2. The intelligent ventilation control method for a grain depot according to claim 1, wherein The division of the grain pile into several areas includes: dividing it into upper, middle and lower layers according to the temperature and humidity difference characteristics at different positions of the grain pile, and arranging a preset number of temperature sensors and humidity sensors on the upper, middle and lower layers of the grain pile respectively. At least, it includes arranging n1 temperature sensors and m1 humidity sensors evenly on the upper layer, n2 temperature sensors and m2 humidity sensors on the middle layer, and n3 temperature sensors and m3 humidity sensors on the lower layer.

3. The intelligent ventilation control method for grain depot according to claim 2, wherein The obtaining of the temperature and humidity of each layer includes the following steps: Calculate the upper-layer temperature and humidity. Among them, obtain the average temperature of the upper-layer grain pile, which is expressed as: Among them, T 1i represents the temperature value measured by the i-th temperature sensor in the upper layer; obtain the average humidity of the upper-layer grain pile, which is expressed as: Among them, H 1j represents the humidity value measured by the j-th humidity sensor in the upper layer; Calculate the temperature and humidity in the middle layer. The average temperature of the middle-layer grain pile is expressed as: The average humidity of the middle-layer grain pile is expressed as: Calculate the temperature and humidity of the lower layer. The average temperature of the lower layer of the grain pile is expressed as: The average humidity of the lower layer of the grain pile is expressed as:

4. The intelligent ventilation control method for a grain depot according to claim 3, characterized in that The calculating of the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer and obtaining the corresponding ventilation volume includes the following steps: The upper layer temperature deviation is expressed as: ΔT1 = max(0, T avg1 - T max ) + max(0, T min - T avg1 ); Upper layer humidity deviation, expressed as: ΔH1 = max(0, H avg1 -H max ) + max(0, H min -H avg1 ); According to the temperature deviation and humidity deviation, calculate the required ventilation volume of the upper layer, which is expressed as: Q1 = k1ΔT1 + k2ΔH1; Where k1 and k2 are the characteristic coefficients of the grain variety; Where the middle layer temperature deviation is expressed as: ΔT2 = max(0, T avg2 - T max ) + max(0, T min - T avg2 ); Mid - layer humidity deviation, expressed as: ΔH2 = max(0, H avg2 - H max ) + max(0, H min - H avg2 ); Calculate the required ventilation volume of the middle layer, which is expressed as: Q1 = k1ΔT2 + k2ΔH2; Where the lower layer temperature deviation is expressed as: ΔT3 = max(0, T avg3 - T max ) + max(0, T min - T avg3 ); Lower layer humidity deviation, expressed as: ΔH3 = max(0, H avg3 - H max ) + max(0, H min - H avg3 ); Calculate the required ventilation volume of the lower layer, which is expressed as: Q3 = k1ΔT3 + k2ΔH3; According to the required ventilation volume of each floor, obtain the number of fans required for each floor, expressed as: Among them, Q represents the required ventilation volume of the corresponding layer, and q is the ventilation capacity of the fan. Indicates rounding up.

5. The intelligent ventilation control method for grain depot according to claim 4, wherein The execution of the control strategy further includes the following steps: Preset a time threshold and obtain the starting time of the current fan. If the starting time of the current corresponding fan ≤ the time threshold, then reduce the rotation speed of the current fan until the fan stops.

6. An intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot, which is a control system for the intelligent ventilation control method of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes: The node acquisition module (1), which is composed of temperature sensors and humidity sensors arranged on the upper, middle and lower layers of the grain pile. Among them, n1 temperature sensors and m1 humidity sensors are arranged evenly on the upper layer, n2 temperature sensors and m2 humidity sensors are arranged on the middle layer, and n3 temperature sensors and m3 humidity sensors are arranged on the lower layer; The data processing module (2) is used to receive the data transmitted by the node acquisition module (1), calculate the average temperature and humidity of each layer, and calculate the temperature deviation and humidity deviation of each layer according to the calibrated suitable storage temperature range and humidity range of the grain variety, and obtain the required ventilation volume and the number of fans for each layer; The control module (3) is used to execute the control strategy according to the number of fans obtained by the data processing module (2), including controlling the start and stop of the corresponding number of fans.

7. The intelligent ventilation control system for grain depot according to claim 6, wherein It also includes: The storage module (4): used to store the data collected by the node acquisition module (1), the calculation results of the temperature and humidity of each layer by the data processing module (2), the temperature deviation, the humidity deviation and the ventilation volume, and the running state of the fans controlled by the control module (3) respectively; A display module (5) for presenting real-time temperature and humidity data, temperature deviation, humidity deviation, required ventilation volume, and fan operating status information for each layer of the grain pile.

8. The intelligent ventilation control system for a grain depot according to claim 6, wherein The control module (3) further includes: a rotation speed adjustment module (31) for adjusting the fan rotation speed, and if the current fan startup time exceeds a preset time threshold, gradually reducing the fan rotation speed until it stops, ensuring that the temperature and humidity of each layer of the grain pile are within the range suitable for grain storage.

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