Method, device and equipment for correcting ERA5 wind field, medium and program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, device and equipment for correcting an ERA5 wind field, a medium and a program product, and relates to the technical field of meteorological data reconstruction, and the method comprises the steps: relocating a typhoon center position in an ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon trajectory data; dividing the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area and a near-shore area according to the linear distance between the center position of the typhoon and the coastline; in the ocean area, the land area and the near-shore area, ERA5 original wind fields of the areas are reconstructed through different wind field reconstruction strategies, and new correction wind fields of the areas are obtained; and embedding the new corrected wind field of each region into the original ERA5 wind field to obtain a corrected ERA5 target wind field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of meteorological data reconstruction, and particularly to a method for correcting ERA5 wind fields, an apparatus for correcting ERA5 wind fields, equipment for correcting ERA5 wind fields, a storage medium, and a computer program product. Background Art

[0002] Existing typhoon datasets inaccurately depict key structural features such as the radius of maximum wind speed and wind field asymmetry, resulting in an underestimation of typhoon peak wind speeds and causing deviations in disaster prevention assessments. Traditional correction methods (such as traditional parametric models, proportional correction methods, statistical-dynamical hybrid methods, and machine learning-based models) have limitations in simulating terrain effects, data assimilation, etc., with poor location adaptability and low reduction accuracy in reconstructing typhoon wind fields. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a method for correcting ERA5 wind fields, an apparatus for correcting ERA5 wind fields, equipment for correcting ERA5 wind fields, a storage medium, and a computer program product, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor adaptability and low reduction accuracy of traditional correction methods in reconstructing typhoon wind fields.

[0004] To achieve the above object, this application proposes a method for correcting ERA5 wind fields, and the method includes: Based on historical typhoon track data, re-locate the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field; According to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline, divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area; In the ocean area, the land area, and the nearshore area, reconstruct the ERA5 original wind field in each area with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain new corrected wind fields for each area; Embed the new corrected wind fields of each area into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0005] In one embodiment, the step of reconstructing the ERA5 original wind field in the ocean area to obtain a new corrected wind field includes: Construct an idealized typhoon model, perform weighted fusion on the ERA5 original wind field and the idealized typhoon model to obtain an ideal corrected wind field, and use the ideal corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the ocean area.

[0006] In one embodiment, the step of reconstructing the ERA5 original wind field in the land area to obtain a new corrected wind field includes: Determine the first maximum wind speed in the land area of the historical typhoon track data, and calculate the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new ERA5 original wind field corresponding to the repositioned typhoon center position; Calculate the wind speed ratio based on the first maximum wind speed and the second maximum wind speed; Modify the ERA5 original wind field according to the wind speed ratio to obtain a ratio-modified wind field, and use the ratio-modified wind field as the new modified wind field in the land area.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of reconstructing the ERA5 original wind field in the nearshore area to obtain a new modified wind field includes: Calculate the weight according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline and a preset straight-line distance; Fuse the new modified wind field in the ocean area and the new modified wind field in the land area according to the weight to obtain a fused modified wind field, and use the fused modified wind field as the new modified wind field in the nearshore area.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of repositioning the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on the historical typhoon track data includes: Taking the old typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field as the center, select a first grid area under the first preset longitude and the first preset latitude; Calculate the relative vorticity of each grid in the first grid area, and take the position with the minimum typhoon wind speed and the relative vorticity greater than the average relative vorticity of the first grid area in the first grid area as the new typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field.

[0009] In one embodiment, before the step of embedding the new modified wind fields of their respective regions into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the modified ERA5 target wind field, it includes: Use typhoon observation data at the same time and the same position, where the typhoon observation data includes historical observation data of historical typhoons or real-time observation data of current typhoons, to evaluate the ERA5 original wind field and the new modified wind fields of their respective regions; If the evaluation is passed, then execute the step of embedding the new modified wind fields of their respective regions into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the modified ERA5 target wind field.

[0010] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also proposes a device for modifying the ERA5 wind field, and the device for modifying the ERA5 wind field includes: A positioning module for repositioning the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon track data; A division module, configured to divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline; A reconstruction module, configured to reconstruct the ERA5 original wind field in each of the ocean area, the land area, and the nearshore area with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain a new corrected wind field for each area; An embedding module, configured to embed the new corrected wind field of each area into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain a corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0011] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a device for correcting the ERA5 wind field, the device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field as described above.

[0012] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a storage medium, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field as described above.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field as described above.

[0014] One or more technical solutions proposed by the present application have at least the following technical effects: Aiming at the limitations of existing correction methods in aspects such as simulating terrain effects and data assimilation, and the poor adaptability and low reduction accuracy of reconstructing typhoon wind fields, the present application relocates the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon track data, and then divides the typhoon activity area (ocean area, land area, nearshore area), and designs different wind field reconstruction strategies for the terrain effects of typhoons in different typhoon activity areas, overcoming the limitations of traditional single methods in adapting to complex terrains and the low reduction accuracy of reconstructed wind fields; finally, embedding the wind fields corrected by regions into the ERA5 original wind field makes the corrected ERA5 target wind field data have stronger adaptability and higher accuracy, and has higher reliability and practicability in disaster prevention assessment and climate research. Description of the Drawings

[0015] The drawings here are incorporated into the description and form a part of this description, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present application.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart provided for an embodiment of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 2 It is a comparison schematic diagram of the new corrected wind field in different regions provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application and the ERA5 original wind field; Figure 3 It is an ideal corrected wind field schematic diagram provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 4 It is a proportional corrected wind field schematic diagram provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 5 It is a dataset comparison schematic diagram provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 6 It is a comparison schematic diagram of the land station data and each wind field during the occurrence of typhoon events provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 7 It is a comparison schematic diagram of the typhoon wind speed profiles in the ocean region and the nearshore region at different times provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 8 It is an overall flowchart provided by the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the device for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the present application.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional characteristics, and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0020] To better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the following will be described in detail in combination with the drawings in the specification and the specific implementation manners.

[0021] Typhoons are one of the most destructive natural disasters, often causing severe social and economic impacts, including devastating damage to infrastructure in affected areas and huge economic losses. However, existing typhoon datasets generally have the problem of low spatial resolution, making it difficult to accurately depict key structural features such as the radius of maximum wind speed and the asymmetry of the wind field distribution. Such limitations often lead to underestimation of typhoon peak wind speeds and unclear storm core structures, thus affecting the scientific assessment and deployment of disaster prevention preparations and post-disaster reconstruction work in coastal areas.

[0022] Under the background of climate warming, the intensity, frequency, and structural characteristics of typhoons show a more complex and variable trend, which poses higher requirements for the accurate representation of the wind field in climate models and also urgently requires an in-depth understanding of their interactions with the ocean and deep processes. Currently, the methods for reconstructing the typhoon wind field include: traditional parameterization models, proportional correction methods, statistical-dynamic hybrid methods, and machine learning-based models. Among them, although the parameter models have theoretical simplicity, they have obvious limitations in simulating the influence of terrain, especially for landfall typhoons; the proportional correction method can improve the consistency between model output and observational data to a certain extent, but compared with satellite-based wind speed estimation, it often overextends the scale of the wind field core area; the statistical-dynamic hybrid method uses data assimilation technology to improve the accuracy of wind field estimation, but its applicability is still limited by the uncertainty of observational data; the machine learning-based models show great potential in improving the prediction accuracy, but due to the limited availability of high-quality training data and the inherent complexity of typhoon dynamics, their application and popularization still face challenges.

[0023] Given that the current typhoon intensity and structural characteristics are jointly affected by multiple factors, wind field reconstruction remains a challenging task. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a wind field reconstruction method with global adaptability and higher accuracy to more accurately depict the wind field structure of typhoons and provide strong support for disaster prevention and control and climate research.

[0024] This application relocates the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon track data, and then designs different wind field reconstruction strategies for the terrain influence of typhoons in different typhoon activity regions (ocean region, land region, nearshore region), overcoming the limitations of traditional single methods in complex terrain adaptability and the low reduction accuracy of the reconstructed wind field; finally, the regionally corrected wind field is embedded into the ERA5 original wind field, making the corrected ERA5 target wind field data have stronger adaptability and higher accuracy, and having higher reliability and practicality in disaster prevention assessment and climate research.

[0025] It should be noted that the execution subject of this embodiment can be a device for correcting the ERA5 wind field, or a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program running functions, such as a tablet computer, a personal computer, a mobile phone, etc., or an electronic device, a processor, etc. that can implement the above functions. Hereinafter, taking the device for correcting the ERA5 wind field as an example, this embodiment and the following embodiments will be described.

[0026] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for correcting the ERA5 wind field. Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field of the present application.

[0027] In this embodiment, the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field includes steps S10 to S40: Step S10, based on historical typhoon track data, re-locate the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field; It should be noted that the historical typhoon track data includes information such as typhoon longitude, typhoon latitude, typhoon positions at different times, maximum wind speed, maximum wind speed radius, and the straight-line distance between the typhoon position and the coastline. Exemplarily, the historical typhoon track data can be provided by IBTrACS. The ERA5 original wind field is a high-resolution global meteorological reanalysis dataset provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.

[0028] Since there is a deviation between the measured typhoon center position and the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field, it is necessary to re-locate the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field. The typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field can be re-located through historical typhoon track data.

[0029] In one implementation manner, step S10 includes steps B10 to B20: Step B10, taking the old typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field as the center, select a first grid area under the first preset longitude and the first preset latitude; It should be noted that this implementation manner corrects the old typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field. The first preset longitude and the first preset latitude refer to the preset longitude and latitude ranges, such as a 10°×10° grid area, that is, taking the original typhoon center position as the benchmark, extending a certain span eastward, westward, southward, and northward, such as 5°.

[0030] Step B20, calculate the relative vorticity of each grid in the first grid area, and take the position where the typhoon wind speed is the smallest and the relative vorticity is greater than the average relative vorticity of the first grid area in the first grid area as the new typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field.

[0031] It should be noted that within the first grid area, the relative vorticity of each grid point is first calculated. Here, the relative vorticity is an index characterizing the air rotation intensity. The position with the minimum typhoon wind speed and a relative vorticity greater than the average relative vorticity of the first grid area within the first grid area is taken as the new typhoon center position in the ERA5 wind field. The reason for selecting the position with the minimum typhoon wind speed is that the wind speed in the typhoon eye area is usually the lowest. The reason for selecting the position with a relative vorticity higher than the regional average is that the core rotation characteristics of the typhoon are significant and the vorticity value is relatively high. In this embodiment, through this dual condition, the possible positioning deviation in the ERA5 original data is excluded, thereby more accurately locking the true center position of the typhoon. This method combines dynamic and thermal characteristics, significantly improving the representational reliability of the typhoon core structure.

[0032] Step S20: According to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline, divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area. It should be noted that the wind field structures of typhoons in different geographical environments vary significantly. Therefore, according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline, the activity area is divided into three categories: an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area.

[0033] Exemplarily, the specific division criteria can be as follows: The straight-line distance of the ocean area from the coastline is greater than 100 km, the straight-line distance of the land area from the coastline is 0 km, and the straight-line distance of the nearshore area from the coastline is between 0 km and 100 km.

[0034] Step S30: Reconstruct the ERA5 original wind field in the ocean area, land area, and nearshore area respectively with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain the new corrected wind fields of their respective areas. It should be noted that the wind field is reconstructed in the ocean, land, and nearshore areas to generate corrected wind fields. Through regional reconstruction, both the large-scale meteorological characteristics of ERA5 are retained, and the problem of underestimated wind speed in the typhoon core area is corrected.

[0035] Step S40: Embed the new corrected wind fields of their respective areas into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0036] It should be noted that the new corrected wind fields reconstructed in each area are embedded into the ERA5 original wind field in a spatial superposition manner to form a globally unified corrected dataset. The corrected ERA5 target wind field not only retains the overall meteorological framework of the original data but also significantly improves the accuracy of key parameters such as the maximum typhoon wind speed and the maximum wind speed radius because of the embedding of the new corrected wind fields reconstructed in each area, and can better support applications such as disaster prevention and warning, and climate research.

[0037] In another embodiment, before step S40, it includes: Using typhoon observation data at the same time and the same location, where the typhoon observation data includes historical observation data of historical typhoons or real-time observation data of current typhoons, to evaluate the ERA5 original wind field and the new corrected wind fields of their respective regions; If it passes the evaluation, perform the step of embedding the new corrected wind fields of their respective regions into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0038] It should be noted that the typhoon observation data at the same time and the same location is extracted. The typhoon observation data can be airborne remote sensing, satellite inversion, meteorological station measurements, etc. The typhoon observation data is respectively calculated with the prediction data of the ERA5 original wind field and the prediction data of the new corrected wind fields of their respective regions through the bias (Bias), root mean square error (RMSE), and correlation coefficient (R) to evaluate whether the new corrected wind field has a significant improvement compared to the ERA5 original wind field.

[0039] Specifically, the following formula can be used for calculation: ； ； ; Where is the true value, that is, historical observation data or actual observation data, is the average value of historical observation data or real-time observation data, is the typhoon prediction data of the ERA5 original wind field or the typhoon prediction data of the new corrected wind field, is the average value of the typhoon prediction data of the new corrected wind field, and N is the number of samples.

[0040] Passing the evaluation can mean that the Bias, RMSE, and R of the new corrected wind field are all better than those of the ERA5 original wind field; or at least two indicators are significantly improved.

[0041] In this embodiment, the new corrected wind field is quantitatively verified using typhoon observation data in the same time and space to ensure the scientificity and reliability of the new corrected wind field; the corrected wind field passing the evaluation will cover the ERA5 original wind field and retain the original meteorological characteristics of the peripheral environmental field; enabling the corrected ERA5 target wind field to significantly improve the reduction accuracy of the typhoon core dynamic structure while retaining the large-scale meteorological framework, and providing a more reliable typhoon trajectory prediction for disaster prevention and warning.

[0042] Such as Figure 2As shown, a schematic diagram comparing the new corrected wind fields in different regions of this application with the ERA5 original wind field; Figure 2 (a)-(c) in it represent the typhoon wind field structure diagrams in the ocean region, nearshore region, and land region in the ERA5 original wind field; Figure 2 (d)-(f) in it represent the typhoon wind field structure diagrams in the ocean region, nearshore region, and land region in the corrected ERA5 target wind field; It can be seen from Figure 2 the part surrounded by the central arrows in each region that the corrected ERA5 target wind field can well resolve the inner region structure of the typhoon, that is, the maximum wind speed belt in the inner region of the typhoon in each region can be clearly seen.

[0043] In this embodiment, based on historical typhoon track data, the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field is repositioned, and then by dividing the typhoon activity regions (ocean region, land region, nearshore region), different wind field reconstruction strategies are designed for the topographic effects of typhoons in different typhoon activity regions, overcoming the limitations of traditional single methods in complex terrain adaptability and the problem of low reduction accuracy of the reconstructed wind field; Finally, the regionally corrected wind field is embedded into the ERA5 original wind field, so that the corrected ERA5 target wind field data has stronger adaptability and higher accuracy, and has higher reliability and practicality in disaster prevention assessment and climate research.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments of this application, in another embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above introduction and will not be repeated hereinafter.

[0045] The steps of reconstructing the ERA5 original wind field in the ocean region to obtain a new corrected wind field include: Construct an idealized typhoon model, perform weighted fusion on the ERA5 original wind field and the idealized typhoon model to obtain an ideal corrected wind field, and use the ideal corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the ocean region.

[0046] It should be noted that the wind speed profile of the idealized typhoon model is derived based on the gradient wind balance theory on the basis of the ideal Holland typhoon model. The expression of the idealized typhoon model is: ; ; Among them, represents the gradient wind speed at the radius , where r is the radial distance extending with the repositioned typhoon center position as the pole, is the maximum wind speed in the ocean region in the historical typhoon track data, is the radius of the maximum wind speed, is the latitude where the relocated typhoon center is located. is the model parameter of the idealized typhoon model. Determines the trend change of the wind profile.

[0047] Introduce a weight coefficient , and fuse the ERA5 original wind field and the idealized typhoon model; in addition, considering the influence of the asymmetry of the wind field structure caused by the typhoon moving speed, the moving speed of the typhoon is added in the fusion. The expression of the ideal corrected wind field after fusion is: ; ; ; Among them, represents the ideal corrected wind field; is the ERA5 original wind field; is the idealized typhoon model; is the moving speed of the typhoon with the relocated typhoon center position; is the weight coefficient; is the distance parameter, which is used to estimate the usage ratio of the idealized typhoon model and the ERA5 original wind field at different distances from the typhoon center position; is the radius of the maximum wind speed; r is the radial distance extending with the relocated typhoon center position as the pole.

[0048] It can be understood that the implementation method of the wind field reconstruction strategy in the ocean area is not limited to the above embodiments. In the ocean area, methods such as the classical Holland model and machine learning models can also be used for wind field reconstruction to correct the ERA5 original wind field. The strategy adopted in the ocean area during wind field reconstruction is not limited in this embodiment.

[0049] In addition, it should be noted that for tropical depressions and tropical storms, adding instead affects the simulation effect of wind field reconstruction. Therefore, when is lower than 33 m / s, is set to 0.

[0050] In this embodiment, since the idealized typhoon model is based on gradient wind balance and can accurately describe the axisymmetric wind field structure of the typhoon core, and the ERA5 original wind field can provide large-scale environmental field data, by fusing the ERA5 original wind field and the idealized typhoon model with weights, the idealized typhoon model is mainly used in the core area and gradually transitions to the ERA5 original wind field in the periphery, which can solve the systematic underestimation problem of ERA5 in the typhoon core area and significantly improve the representation accuracy of the typhoon core dynamic structure in the ocean area.

[0051] Such as Figure 3As shown Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the present application for weight-fusing the ERA5 original wind field and an idealized typhoon model to obtain an ideal corrected wind field.

[0052] Figure 3 In (a), it represents the original typhoon wind field existing in ERA5 ( , the wind force in the inner region is too small and does not match the actual wind force, indicating that the ERA5 original wind field needs to improve the expression of typhoon inner region characteristics), Figure 3 In (b), it represents the idealized typhoon model ( ), through weight fusion, fusing (a) in Figure 3 with (b) in Figure 2 can obtain the ideal corrected wind field ( ). As can be seen from (c) in Figure 3 , the ideal corrected wind field can relatively realistically restore the inner region structure of the typhoon.

[0053] In one embodiment, the steps of reconstructing the ERA5 original wind field in the land area to obtain a new corrected wind field include steps D10 to D30: Step D10, determining the first maximum wind speed in the land area in the historical typhoon track data, and calculating the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new ERA5 original wind field corresponding to the repositioned typhoon center position; It should be noted that determining the first maximum wind speed in the land area according to the historical typhoon track data , wherein, since the existing correction method does not consider the terrain influence, the first maximum wind speed in the land area determined from the historical typhoon track data is the same as the maximum wind speed in the ocean area, both being .

[0054] Exemplarily, in the new ERA5 original wind field, the calculation method of the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon can be: Taking the repositioned typhoon center position as the center, selecting a second grid area under the second preset longitude and the second preset latitude; Sorting the typhoon wind speeds in the second grid area, and taking the average value of the typhoon wind speeds within the preset range as the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new ERA5 original wind field.

[0055] It should be noted that a grid area is delimited around the corrected typhoon center. The "second preset longitude" and "second preset latitude" refer to the preset longitude and latitude spans, such as a 4°×4° grid area, that is, extending 2° eastward and westward respectively from the repositioned typhoon center position as the origin, and extending 2° southward and northward respectively to form a grid area.

[0056] Within the selected grid, first sort all the wind speed values in the area from high to low, and then calculate the average wind speed within the preset range. Exemplarily, the average value of the top 5% can be used as the maximum typhoon wind speed in the ERA5 wind field. For example, if there are 100 wind speed data points in the grid, take the top 5 wind speed values to calculate the mean, and use the final mean as the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new ERA5 original wind field.

[0057] Step D20, calculate the wind speed ratio based on the first maximum wind speed and the second maximum wind speed; It should be noted that the calculation method of the wind speed ratio can be: ; where represents the wind speed ratio; represents the first maximum wind speed; represents the second maximum wind speed.

[0058] Step D30, correct the ERA5 original wind field according to the wind speed ratio to obtain the ratio-corrected wind field, and use the ratio-corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field for the land area.

[0059] It should be noted that the calculation method of the ratio-corrected wind field can be: ; where represents the ratio-corrected wind field; is the ERA5 original wind field; is the maximum wind speed radius.

[0060] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the ratio-corrected wind field provided by this application.

[0061] Figure 4 In , (a) represents the original typhoon wind field existing in ERA5 ( ), which is the ratio of the first maximum wind speed recorded by historical typhoon track data and the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new ERA5 original wind field corresponding to the repositioned typhoon center position ( Figure 3 ). By using the ratio calculation formula for different distance ranges in the radial direction to correct the ERA5 original wind field, the in (b) ratio-corrected wind field can be obtained.

[0062] It can be understood that the implementation method of the land area wind field reconstruction strategy is not limited to the above embodiments. The land area can also use the deep neural network method trained by site observation data to reconstruct the wind field and correct the ERA5 original wind field. In this embodiment, the strategy adopted by the land area when reconstructing the wind field is not limited.

[0063] In this embodiment, the maximum wind speed measured in the land area, i.e., the first maximum wind speed, is obtained through historical typhoon trajectory data, and the wind speed ratio is calculated by comparing it with the maximum wind speed of the corresponding typhoon in the relocated ERA5 wind field, i.e., the second maximum wind speed; the ERA5 original wind field is segmentedly corrected according to the wind speed ratio, and the wind speed of the inner core area, i.e., the area less than the maximum wind speed radius from the typhoon center, is amplified according to the wind speed ratio, and the outer area gradually transitions to the value in the ERA5 original wind field, which not only improves the accuracy of the inner core wind speed, but also retains the stability of the ERA5 large-scale environmental field; by retaining the asymmetric characteristics of the wind field in ERA5, the proportionally corrected wind field can still reflect the actual wind speed distribution in complex land areas, and can more accurately capture the wind speed extremes and attenuation laws.

[0064] In another embodiment, the steps of reconstructing the ERA5 original wind field in the nearshore area to obtain a new revised wind field include: The weight is calculated based on the straight-line distance between the typhoon center and the coastline and the preset straight-line distance; The new corrected wind field in the ocean area and the new corrected wind field in the land area are merged according to the weights to obtain a merged corrected wind field, and the merged corrected wind field is used as the new corrected wind field in the nearshore area.

[0065] It should be noted that the weight The calculation method is: ; in, It represents the straight-line distance between the typhoon center and the coastline. Indicates the preset straight-line distance, which is set to 100 km (100 km is the average radius of the global level 7 wind circle), representing the location where the typhoon begins to be affected by the terrain.

[0066] The expression of fused corrected wind field is: ; in, represents the fused corrected wind field; represents the ideal corrected wind field; Represents the proportionally corrected wind field.

[0067] In view of the problem that the nearshore area has both marine and land characteristics and the traditional single correction method is difficult to balance, in this embodiment, the weight coefficient is calculated according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center and the coastline. The closer to the coastline, the higher the weight of the corrected wind field in the land area, and the weight of the ocean area is correspondingly reduced, retaining the wind speed attenuation caused by terrain friction, ensuring the smooth connection of the sea-land transition zone, reducing the jump problem of traditional methods in the transition area, and improving the prediction accuracy of the nearshore area.

[0068] It can be understood that the implementation method of the nearshore area wind field reconstruction strategy is not limited to the above embodiments. In the nearshore area, methods such as machine learning can also be used for wind field reconstruction to correct the ERA5 original wind field. In this embodiment, the strategy adopted when reconstructing the wind field in the nearshore area is not limited.

[0069] Since most of the existing satellite products significantly underestimate the inversion of typhoon wind field size, according to Figure 5 the schematic diagram of the comparison between the SMAP and WindSat satellite image data sets and the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record data set shown in

[0070] SMAP and WindSat are satellite image data sets, IBTrACS is the measured typhoon track record data set, MWS is the maximum wind speed, RMW is the radius of the maximum wind speed, R is the correlation coefficient, RMSE is the root mean square error, and Bias is the bias.

[0071] In Figure 5 in (a), the abscissa represents the IBTrACS MWS, that is, the MWS extracted from the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record data set, with the unit of m / s (meters per second); the ordinate represents the SMAP MWS, that is, the MWS extracted from SMAP, with the unit of m / s (meters per second). From Figure 5 in (a), it can be seen that compared with the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record data set, for the MWS (maximum wind speed) parameter extracted from SMAP, R = 0.91, indicating a very strong correlation between SMAP and the measured typhoon track data in terms of wind speed; but Bias = -4.03 m / s, indicating a slight underestimation. RMSE = 6.40 m / s, and the error is significantly lower than that of other satellite products, proving that SMAP has high reliability in typhoon wind speed inversion.

[0072] In Figure 5 in (c), the abscissa represents the IBTrACS MWS, that is, the MWS extracted from the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record data set, with the unit of m / s (meters per second); the ordinate represents the WindSat MWS, that is, the MWS extracted from WindSat, with the unit of m / s (meters per second). From Figure 5 in (c), it can be seen that compared with the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record data set, for the RMW (radius of the maximum wind speed) parameter extracted from WindSat, R = 0.75, RMSE = 8.83, indicating a relatively high degree of coincidence between the WindSat data set and the measured data, which is suitable for typhoon structure analysis.

[0073] In Figure 5In (b), the abscissa represents the IBTrACS RMW, i.e., the RMW extracted from the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record dataset, with the unit of km (kilometer); the ordinate represents the SMAP RMW, i.e., the RMW extracted from SMAP, with the unit of km (kilometer). In Figure 5 In (d), the abscissa represents the IBTrACS RMW, i.e., the RMW extracted from the IBTrACS measured typhoon track record dataset, with the unit of km (kilometer); the ordinate represents the WindSat RMW, i.e., the RMW extracted from WindSat, with the unit of km (kilometer). From Figure 5 In (b) where R = 19.08, it can be seen that the RMW (radius of maximum wind speed) parameter extracted from SMAP, from Figure 5 In (d) where R = 12.63, it can be seen that the MWS (maximum wind speed) parameter extracted from WindSat both have the situation of overestimation.

[0074] However, overall, from Figure 5 the data, although the SMAP and WindSat datasets have limitations, their performance in key parameters (such as MWS of SMAP and RMW of WindSat) is significantly better than other satellite products, and can provide effective support for the comparison and evaluation of the global typhoon corrected wind fields.

[0075] Since the terrain will have an impact on typhoons, according to Figure 6 the comparison schematic diagram of the land station data and each wind field during the typhoon event shown, it can be known that using the idealized typhoon model in the land area is likely to overestimate the typhoon wind speed and there will be errors; while using the proportional correction wind field in the land area can be closer to the station data results.

[0076] Figure 6 In it, Station represents the land station data, ERA5 represents the ERA5 original wind field, ERA5-W represents the idealized typhoon model, and RE-ERA5 represents the ERA5 target wind field corrected in the land area, i.e., the proportional correction wind field.

[0077] In Figure (6), the abscissa represents the date, and the ordinate represents the wind speed, with the unit of m / s (meter per second). From Figure 6 In (a)-(d), it can be seen that the ERA5-W curve is generally higher than the Station measured data, indicating that the idealized typhoon model overestimates the wind speed in the land area; the RE-ERA5 curve is highly consistent with the Station data, indicating that the proportional correction wind field effectively retains the wind field asymmetry under the action of the terrain by dynamically adjusting the ERA5 wind speed ratio; the ERA5 curve is generally lower than the Station data, indicating that the ERA5 original wind field has the problem of underestimating the typhoon intensity.

[0078] From Figure 6 the perspective, during the typhoon landing process, the ratio-corrected wind field (RE-ERA5) dynamically adjusts the wind speed distribution by combining measured data, significantly outperforming the idealized typhoon model and the ERA5 original wind field. It can provide high-precision wind field input for wind disaster assessment and wind-resistant building design in coastal cities, and at the same time provide a basis for improving the land surface parameterization of typhoon models.

[0079] Figure 7 It shows the schematic diagram of the comparison of typhoon wind speed profiles in the ocean area and the nearshore area at different times.

[0080] Figure 7 In it, SFMR represents the airborne remote sensing measured data, ERA5 represents the ERA5 original wind field, and RE-ERA5 represents the corrected ERA5 target wind field in the ocean area and the nearshore area.

[0081] In Figure 7 (a)-(f), the abscissa represents latitude and the ordinate represents wind speed, with the unit of m / s (meters per second). From Figure 7 (a)-(f), it can be seen that in the typhoon core area, the ERA5 curve is significantly lower than SFMR, the inner area range of ERA5 is unreasonably enlarged, while the RE-ERA5 curve highly coincides with SFMA in the typhoon core area, and the inner area range is the same as SFMR.

[0082] In Figure 7 (g), the abscissa represents the wind speed in the airborne remote sensing measured data, i.e., SFMR Wind, with the unit of m / s (meters per second), and the ordinate represents the wind speed in the ERA5 original wind field, i.e., ERA5 Wind, with the unit of m / s (meters per second). Figure 7 (g) shows the evaluation of the ERA5 original wind field using the airborne remote sensing measured data. Bias = -11.22: indicating that ERA5 systematically underestimates the typhoon wind speed; RMSE = 15.67: the overall prediction error of the ERA5 original wind field is relatively large; R = 0.65: the correlation is relatively low, indicating that the ERA5 original wind field cannot accurately reflect the wind speed change trend.

[0083] In Figure 7 (h), the abscissa represents the wind speed in the airborne remote sensing measured data, i.e., SFMR Wind, with the unit of m / s (meters per second), and the ordinate represents the wind speed in the corrected ERA5 target wind field in the ocean area and the nearshore area, i.e., Re-ERA5 Wind, with the unit of m / s (meters per second). Figure 7In (h), it represents evaluating the corrected ERA5 target wind field using airborne remote sensing measured data. Bias = -0.95 indicates that the systematic bias is almost eliminated after correction; RMSE = 8.41 m / s indicates that the error is reduced by 46%, and the corrected ERA5 target wind field significantly improves the prediction accuracy of typhoon tracks; R = 0.83 shows a high correlation, indicating that the corrected ERA5 target wind field can capture the dynamic characteristics of typhoons.

[0084] From Figure 7 the perspective, while retaining large-scale meteorological features, the corrected ERA5 target wind field (RE-ERA5) significantly improves the restoration accuracy of the typhoon core dynamic structure, providing a more reliable data basis for meteorological research, disaster prevention and mitigation, and climate models.

[0085] Exemplarily, to facilitate understanding of the implementation process of the corrected ERA5 wind field method obtained by combining the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 which provides an overall flowchart of a method for correcting the ERA5 wind field. Specifically: First, based on historical typhoon track data, re-locate the typhoon center position in the original ERA5 wind field, and then recalculate the maximum wind speed; according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline, divide the typhoon activity area into ocean area, land area, and nearshore area. Among them, the straight-line distance from the ocean area to the coastline is greater than 100 km, the straight-line distance from the land area to the coastline is 0 km, and the straight-line distance from the nearshore area to the coastline is between 0 km and 100 km.

[0086] Correct the original ERA5 wind field in different regions respectively. In the ocean area, construct an idealized typhoon model, and then perform weighted fusion of the original ERA5 wind field and the idealized typhoon model to obtain an ideal corrected wind field, and use the ideal corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the ocean area. In the land area, determine the maximum wind speed in the land area of the historical typhoon track data , and calculate the maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new original ERA5 wind field corresponding to the re-located typhoon center position , and then based on and calculate the wind speed ratio; correct the original ERA5 wind field according to the wind speed ratio to obtain a ratio-corrected wind field, and use the ratio-corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the land area. In the nearshore area, calculate the weight according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline and a preset straight-line distance; then fuse the new corrected wind field in the ocean area and the new corrected wind field in the land area according to the weight to obtain a fused corrected wind field, and use the fused corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the nearshore area.

[0087] Use satellite wind speed inversion datasets such as SMAP and WindSat to evaluate the new corrected wind fields in different regions. If the evaluation passes, embed the new corrected wind fields in their respective regions into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0088] In addition, it should be noted that for the wind field reconstruction in the ocean region, land region, and coastal region, there are various correction schemes in the prior art (such as data fusion, machine learning, etc.). However, such methods need to train models and adjust parameters according to the data characteristics of different regions in practical applications. Limited by the current insufficient available observational data, such methods often fail to meet the high-precision and strong adaptability requirements for wind field reconstruction. However, through multiple sets of comparative experiments and verification with measured data, the wind field reconstruction strategies designed for each region in this application can make the corrected ERA5 target wind field data have stronger adaptability and higher precision, overcoming the limitations of traditional single methods in adapting to complex terrains and the problem of low reduction accuracy of the reconstructed wind field.

[0089] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field of this application. Based on this technical concept, more forms of simple transformations (such as the interaction and combination of various embodiments) are within the protection scope of this application.

[0090] This application also provides a device for correcting the ERA5 wind field. Please refer to Figure 9 , the device for correcting the ERA5 wind field includes: A positioning module 10, configured to reposition the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon track data; A division module 20, configured to divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a coastal area according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline; A reconstruction module 30, configured to reconstruct the ERA5 original wind field in the ocean area, the land area, and the coastal area respectively with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain new corrected wind fields in their respective regions; An embedding module 40, configured to embed the new corrected wind fields in their respective regions into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0091] Optionally, the reconstruction module 30 is further configured to construct an idealized typhoon model, perform weight fusion on the ERA5 original wind field and the idealized typhoon model to obtain an ideal corrected wind field, and use the ideal corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the ocean area.

[0092] Optionally, the reconstruction module 30 is further configured to determine the first maximum wind speed in the land area from the historical typhoon track data, and calculate the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new ERA5 original wind field corresponding to the repositioned typhoon center position; Calculate a wind speed ratio based on the first maximum wind speed and the second maximum wind speed; Correct the ERA5 original wind field according to the wind speed ratio to obtain a ratio-corrected wind field, and use the ratio-corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field for the land area.

[0093] Optionally, the reconstruction module 30 is further configured to calculate a weight according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline and a preset straight-line distance; Fuse the new corrected wind field in the ocean area and the new corrected wind field in the land area according to the weight to obtain a fused corrected wind field, and use the fused corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field for the nearshore area.

[0094] Optionally, the positioning module 10 is further configured to select a first grid area under a first preset longitude and a first preset latitude with the old typhoon center position of the ERA5 original wind field as the center; Calculate the relative vorticity in each grid in the first grid area, and use the position with the minimum typhoon wind speed and the relative vorticity greater than the average relative vorticity of the first grid area in the first grid area as the new typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field.

[0095] Optionally, the embedding module 40 is further configured to use typhoon observation data at the same time and the same position, where the typhoon observation data includes historical observation data of historical typhoons or real-time observation data of current typhoons, to evaluate the ERA5 original wind field and the new corrected wind fields in their respective areas; If the evaluation is passed, perform the step of embedding the new corrected wind fields in their respective areas into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

[0096] The corrected ERA5 wind field device provided by the present application adopts the corrected ERA5 wind field method in the above embodiment, and can solve the technical problems of poor adaptability and low reduction accuracy of the traditional correction method for reconstructing the typhoon wind field. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the corrected ERA5 wind field device provided by the present application are the same as those of the corrected ERA5 wind field method provided by the above embodiment, and other technical features in the corrected ERA5 wind field device are the same as the features disclosed in the above embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] The present application provides a device for correcting the ERA5 wind field. The device for correcting the ERA5 wind field includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the above first embodiment.

[0098] Reference is made below Figure 10 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a device for correcting the ERA5 wind field suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application. The device for correcting the ERA5 wind field in the embodiments of the present application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptop computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Descriptions), PMPs (Portable Media Players), vehicle-mounted terminals (such as vehicle-mounted navigation terminals), etc., and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, etc. Figure 10 The device for correcting the ERA5 wind field shown is only an example and should not impose any limitations on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0099] As Figure 10 shown, the device for correcting the ERA5 wind field may include a processing device 1001 (such as a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in the read-only memory 1002 or a program loaded from the storage device 1003 into the random access memory 1004. In the random access memory 1004, various programs and data required for the operation of the device for correcting the ERA5 wind field are also stored. The processing device 1001, the read-only memory 1002, and the random access memory 1004 are connected to each other through a bus 1005. The input / output interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Generally, the following systems may be connected to the input / output interface 1006: an input device 1007 including, for example, a touch screen, a touchpad, a keyboard, a mouse, an image sensor, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; an output device 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; a storage device 1003 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 1009. The communication device 1009 can allow the device for correcting the ERA5 wind field to communicate with other devices wirelessly or wiredly to exchange data. Although the figure shows a device for correcting the ERA5 wind field having various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all the systems shown. More or fewer systems may be alternatively implemented or had.

[0100] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in the present application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, the embodiments disclosed in the present application include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program codes for executing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication device, or installed from a storage device 1003, or installed from a read-only memory 1002. When the computer program is executed by a processing device 1001, the above-mentioned functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in the present application are executed.

[0101] The modified ERA5 wind field device provided by the present application adopts the modified ERA5 wind field method in the above embodiments, and can solve the technical problems of poor adaptability and low reduction accuracy of the traditional modification method for reconstructing typhoon wind fields. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the modified ERA5 wind field device provided by the present application are the same as those of the modified ERA5 wind field method provided by the above embodiments, and other technical features in the modified ERA5 wind field device are the same as the features disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0102] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0103] As described above, only the specific embodiments of the present application are provided, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0104] The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., computer programs) stored thereon, and the computer-readable program instructions are used to execute the modified ERA5 wind field method in the above embodiments.

[0105] The computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application may, for example, be a USB flash drive, but is not limited to electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems or devices, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) or flash memory, optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0106] The above computer-readable storage medium may be included in the modified ERA5 wind field device; or it may exist separately and not be assembled into the modified ERA5 wind field device.

[0107] The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the modified ERA5 wind field device, the modified ERA5 wind field device is caused to: reposition the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon track data; divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline; reconstruct the ERA5 original wind field in the ocean area, land area, and nearshore area respectively with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain new modified wind fields for their respective areas; and embed the new modified wind fields for their respective areas into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain the modified ERA5 target wind field.

[0108] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages or combinations thereof. The above-mentioned programming languages include object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and also include conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, executed as an independent software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (for example, by using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0109] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of the code, and this module, program segment, or part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0110] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or in hardware. Among them, the name of the module does not constitute a limitation on the unit itself in some cases.

[0111] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., computer programs) for performing the above-mentioned method for correcting the ERA5 wind field, and can solve the technical problems of poor adaptability and low reduction accuracy of the traditional correction method for reconstructing the typhoon wind field. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0112] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for correcting ERA5 wind fields as described above.

[0113] The computer program product provided by the present application can solve the technical problems of poor adaptability and low reduction accuracy of reconstructing typhoon wind fields by traditional correction methods. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the present application are the same as those of the method for correcting ERA5 wind fields provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated herein.

[0114] The above are only partial embodiments of the present application, and thus do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the technical concept of the present application by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for correcting the ERA5 wind field, characterized in that, The described method for correcting the ERA5 wind field includes: Based on historical typhoon track data, reposition the typhoon center position in the original ERA5 wind field; According to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline, divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area; In the ocean area, the land area, and the nearshore area, reconstruct the original ERA5 wind field in each area with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain a new corrected wind field for each area; Embed the new corrected wind field of each area into the original ERA5 wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

2. The method for correcting ERA5 wind fields according to claim 1, wherein The step of reconstructing the original ERA5 wind field in the ocean area to obtain a new corrected wind field includes: Construct an idealized typhoon model, perform weighted fusion on the original ERA5 wind field and the idealized typhoon model to obtain an ideal corrected wind field, and use the ideal corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the ocean area.

3. The method for correcting ERA5 wind fields according to claim 1, wherein, The step of reconstructing the original ERA5 wind field in the land area to obtain a new corrected wind field includes: Determine the first maximum wind speed in the land area of the historical typhoon track data, and calculate the second maximum wind speed of the typhoon in the new original ERA5 wind field corresponding to the repositioned typhoon center position; Calculate the wind speed ratio based on the first maximum wind speed and the second maximum wind speed; Correct the original ERA5 wind field according to the wind speed ratio to obtain a ratio-corrected wind field, and use the ratio-corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the land area.

4. The corrected ERA5 wind field method according to claim 1, wherein The step of reconstructing the original ERA5 wind field in the nearshore area to obtain a new corrected wind field includes: Calculate the weight according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline and a preset straight-line distance; Fuse the new corrected wind field in the ocean area and the new corrected wind field in the land area according to the weight to obtain a fused corrected wind field, and use the fused corrected wind field as the new corrected wind field in the nearshore area.

5. The method for correcting the ERA5 wind field according to claim 1, wherein The step of repositioning the typhoon center position in the original ERA5 wind field based on historical typhoon track data includes: Taking the old typhoon center position in the original ERA5 wind field as the center, select a first grid area under the first preset longitude and the first preset latitude; Calculate the relative vorticity of each grid in the first grid area, and take the position with the minimum typhoon wind speed and a relative vorticity greater than the average relative vorticity of the first grid area in the first grid area as the new typhoon center position in the original ERA5 wind field.

6. The method for correcting the ERA5 wind field according to claim 1, wherein Before the step of embedding the new corrected wind field of each area into the original ERA5 wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field, it includes: Use typhoon observation data at the same time and the same position, where the typhoon observation data includes historical observation data of historical typhoons or real-time observation data of current typhoons, to evaluate the original ERA5 wind field and the new corrected wind field of each area; If it passes the evaluation, then execute the step of embedding the new corrected wind field of each area into the original ERA5 wind field to obtain the corrected ERA5 target wind field.

7. A device for correcting ERA5 wind fields, characterized in that, The described device for correcting the ERA5 wind field includes: A positioning module, configured to reposition the typhoon center position in the ERA5 original wind field based on historical typhoon track data; A division module, configured to divide the typhoon activity area into an ocean area, a land area, and a nearshore area according to the straight-line distance between the typhoon center position and the coastline; A reconstruction module, configured to reconstruct the ERA5 original wind field in each of the ocean area, the land area, and the nearshore area with different wind field reconstruction strategies to obtain a new corrected wind field for each area; An embedding module, configured to embed the new corrected wind field of each area into the ERA5 original wind field to obtain a corrected ERA5 target wind field.

8. A device for correcting ERA5 wind fields, characterized in that, The device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for correcting the ERA5 wind field according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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