A method and system for risk assessment of chemical leakage

Abstract

The present invention discloses a risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage, which relates to the field of risk assessment technology. A risk assessment system for chemical leakage includes: a three-dimensional chemical construction module, a chemical leakage simulation module and a chemical leakage assessment module. The present invention achieves a comprehensive perception of the type, storage and spatial structure of chemicals in the region by constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, thereby enhancing the authenticity and spatial accuracy of the leakage simulation; introduces a chemical compatibility matrix and a logical adjacency chain diagram to effectively identify potential chain reaction paths and improve the ability to predict the coupling risks of complex accidents; sets a leakage space prototype based on the leakage point and constructs a surrounding building model, so that the risk assessment has structured and local response capabilities, and can reflect the comprehensive impact of building use, functional sensitivity and exposure conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, and in particular to a risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage. Background Art

[0002] With the continued development of industrial parks, chemical plants, and mixed-use urban areas, secondary disasters caused by chemical leaks are becoming more multi-sourced, cascading, and complex. Traditional risk assessment methods focus on simulating the spread of a single chemical leak, neglecting the incompatible reactions between chemicals within a region, their spatial layout, and the combined impacts on surrounding buildings and social systems. Furthermore, existing risk assessments are mostly static, lacking comprehensive consideration of non-chemical risk factors, and thus fail to meet the stringent requirements of urban emergency coordination and intelligent response.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a comprehensive chemical leakage risk assessment method that integrates chemical properties, spatial structure, chain reactions, non-chemical system impacts and can output a multidimensional ranking map. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a risk assessment method and system for chemical leakage, which integrates chemical risks and non-chemical system impact assessment.

[0005] A risk assessment method for chemical spills, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and their corresponding chemical reserves, physical states, and spatial distribution, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain graph;

[0007] Simulate a certain type of chemical as a leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leak conditions of the leaked chemical;

[0008] Based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, a leakage space prototype is set in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model; a circle with a radius of R and a leakage point as the center is integrated into the leakage space prototype. i Constructing a model of buildings surrounding chemicalsX i , i=1, 2, …, I; R I The maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical;

[0009] Chemical-based building model X i , conduct risk assessment based on chemical leakage conditions to obtain risk assessment results for leaked chemicals; make judgments based on the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals to obtain non-chemical risk assessment results;

[0010] Traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output the regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leakage chemical risk assessment results, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy according to the regional chemical risk level map.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, a chemical compatibility matrix, and a chemical logical adjacency chain graph include:

[0012] Establish chemical three-dimensional coordinate information based on chemical spatial distribution; establish chemical geometric models based on physical state and chemical reserves; integrate chemical three-dimensional coordinate information and chemical geometric models to construct a chemical three-dimensional distribution model using digital twin technology;

[0013] Based on all types of chemicals, construct a complete set of chemicals C, C={C j |j=1, 2, …, J}; C j is a certain chemical, and J is the total number of all types of chemicals;

[0014] Obtain the standard chemical compatibility database and construct the comparative compatibility matrix M[j][q] based on the standard chemical compatibility database, where j represents chemical C j , q represents chemical C q , q=1,2,…,J,q≠j; M[j][q]∈{0,1,2,…,N}, N is the chemical reaction interaction state; based on all the comparison compatibility matrices M[j][q], the chemical compatibility matrix is ​​obtained;

[0015] Identify the shared chain G[j][q] in the three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals, use the shared chain G[j][q] as the adjacent edge, and the chemical C j As nodes, a logical adjacency chain graph of chemicals is obtained.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, based on the chemical surrounding building model X i , specific steps for risk assessment of chemical release conditions, including:

[0017] Chemical leakage conditions include leakage source type and leakage external parameters;

[0018] Identify Chemicals Around Building ModelX i For all types of building clusters, different functional sensitivity factors are set for different building clusters; based on the identification of building cluster structures, different propagation impact factors are set for different building cluster structures;

[0019] Determine chemical reaction auxiliary conditions based on leakage external parameters; generate auxiliary condition reaction sets based on chemical reaction auxiliary conditions in a chemical logic adjacency chain graph;

[0020] Construct the spatiotemporal propagation path of leaked chemicals based on auxiliary condition response sets and chemical leakage conditions;

[0021] Building Models Around Chemicals X i In the process, the chemical leakage risk result Z is evaluated based on the functional sensitivity factor, transmission impact factor, and the spatiotemporal transmission path of the chemical. i ;

[0022] Comprehensive all chemical leakage risk results Z i , and obtain the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of determining the non-chemical risk assessment results based on the risk assessment results of the leaked chemicals include:

[0024] Construct non-chemical result mapping tables based on expert experience;

[0025] Based on the chemical leakage risk result Z i Use the non-chemical result mapping table to map the results and obtain the non-chemical impact result F i ;

[0026] Building Models Around Chemicals X i The actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value are obtained; based on the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value, the perception deviation map T is obtained. i ;

[0027] Based on the perceptual bias map T i and non-chemical effects results F i Perform predictive evolution to obtain the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result Y i ;

[0028] Comprehensive all predicted non-chemical risk assessment results Y i , and obtain non-chemical risk assessment results.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of outputting a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leakage chemical risk assessment results include:

[0030] According to different chemical surrounding building models X i , output leakage response capability Y i ;

[0031] Based on all non-chemical risk assessment results, leaked chemical risk assessment results and leak response capability Y in the current area i Perform weighted analysis to obtain the regional chemical risk level D i ;

[0032] According to all areas chemical risk level D i Superimpose them to obtain a regional chemical risk level map.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a swarm optimization algorithm is used to simulate chemical leakage conditions of leaked chemicals.

[0034] A risk assessment system for chemical leaks, comprising:

[0035] The chemical 3D construction module includes a 3D construction unit, which is used to obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and the corresponding chemical reserves, physical states and chemical spatial distribution, and build a 3D chemical distribution model; based on the 3D chemical distribution model, it constructs a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram;

[0036] The chemical leakage simulation module includes a leakage simulation unit, which is used to simulate a certain type of chemical as a leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, a leakage space prototype is set in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model; a circle with a radius of R and a leakage point as the center is integrated in the leakage space prototype. i Constructing a model of buildings surrounding chemicalsX i , i=1, 2, …, I; R I The maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical;

[0037] Chemical leakage assessment module, including chemical risk assessment unit, non-chemical risk assessment unit and comprehensive response assessment unit; chemical risk assessment unit is used to assess the chemical leakage based on the surrounding building model X i , perform risk assessment based on chemical leakage conditions to obtain risk assessment results for leaked chemicals; the non-chemical risk assessment unit is used to make judgments based on the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals to obtain non-chemical risk assessment results; the comprehensive response assessment unit is used to traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals, and determine the actual chemical leakage handling strategy based on the regional chemical risk level map.

[0038] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. This invention achieves a comprehensive understanding of the types, reserves, and spatial structure of chemicals in a region by constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, thereby enhancing the authenticity and spatial accuracy of leakage simulation. It also introduces a chemical compatibility matrix and a logical adjacency chain diagram to effectively identify potential chain reaction paths and improve the ability to predict the coupling risks of complex accidents. Based on the leakage point, a leakage space prototype is set and a surrounding building model is constructed, giving risk assessment a structured and localized response capability, capable of reflecting the combined impact of building use, functional sensitivity, and exposure conditions.

[0040] 2. This invention establishes a non-chemical risk assessment mechanism by further combining the transmission paths of chemicals with differences in public perception, thus achieving extended modeling from physical hazards to social impacts. Finally, it generates a regional chemical risk level map through multi-source risk fusion, providing zoning and graded response strategy support for emergency management, significantly improving the warning accuracy, response efficiency and scientific decision-making of chemical leakage incidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a chemical leakage risk assessment system used in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1, a method for risk assessment of chemical leakage, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and their corresponding chemical reserves, physical states, and spatial distribution, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain graph;

[0045] The specific steps for constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, a chemical compatibility matrix, and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram include:

[0046] Establish chemical three-dimensional coordinate information based on chemical spatial distribution; establish chemical geometric models based on physical state and chemical reserves; integrate chemical three-dimensional coordinate information and chemical geometric models to construct a chemical three-dimensional distribution model using digital twin technology;

[0047] To accurately model the risk of chemical leaks in a region, we first need to obtain basic data on all chemicals in the region, including chemical name, type, reserves, physical state (gas, liquid, solid), storage container type, pressure state, storage temperature, and other information. This information comes from the management system of the chemical plant where the chemicals are located.

[0048] In terms of construction methods, geographic information systems or other available modeling methods can be used as the base map basis, combined with the actual storage location coordinates of the chemicals in space, and the container geometric parameters (such as tank diameter, height, etc.), each chemical can be modeled as a three-dimensional space node; in areas where chemicals are densely accumulated, octree segmentation or rasterization methods can be used for spatial index optimization, and digital twin technology can be used to obtain the final three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals.

[0049] Based on all types of chemicals, construct a complete set of chemicals C, C={C j |j=1, 2, …, J}; C j is a certain chemical, and J is the total number of all types of chemicals;

[0050] Extract all the chemical types involved in the current area, remove duplicates and form a complete chemical set C. Each element contains information such as its chemical name, category, state, source location, storage conditions, etc. This complete set serves as the basis for constructing the compatibility matrix and adjacency chain graph;

[0051] Obtain the standard chemical compatibility database and construct the comparative compatibility matrix M[j][q] based on the standard chemical compatibility database, where j represents chemical C j , q represents chemical C q , q=1,2,…,J,q≠j; M[j][q]∈{0,1,2,…,N}, N is the chemical reaction interaction state; based on all the comparison compatibility matrices M[j][q], the chemical compatibility matrix is ​​obtained;

[0052] For example, the chemical reaction interaction state can be set to 0, indicating complete compatibility; 1, indicating a slight exothermic reaction after contact; 2, indicating a strong exothermic reaction / release of toxic gas; 3, indicating an explosion risk; and N, which can be expanded to more reaction states. These settings are determined by professional technicians.

[0053] Identify the shared chain G[j][q] in the three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals, use the shared chain G[j][q] as the adjacent edge, and the chemical C j As nodes, the chemical logic adjacency chain graph is obtained;

[0054] In the three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals, the process paths, control systems, spatial layouts or functional coupling relationships between chemicals are analyzed to identify potential shared chain relationships as logical connecting edges; shared chain types include but are not limited to: two chemicals sharing a pipeline or valve system, using the same reactor or heat exchanger, being in the same operation process node, being stored in adjacent permeable areas, etc.

[0055] Simulate a certain type of chemical as a leaking chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaking chemical; use a swarm optimization algorithm to simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaking chemical; the chemical leakage conditions include the type of leakage source and the external parameters of the leakage;

[0056] For any of these chemicals, use it as the target for leakage simulation; the simulated chemical leakage conditions are intended to generate a multi-parameter input set that is highly close to the real situation, which is used to drive subsequent diffusion prediction, building exposure assessment and non-chemical impact modeling;

[0057] Leak source type identification is based on the presence of chemicals in the storage system, such as sudden situations such as tank rupture, pipeline rupture, valve failure, cylinder release, or drop during transportation. External leakage parameters include external meteorological factors, atmospheric stability level, surrounding obstacle density or ventilation structure, terrain slope or ground structure, etc.

[0058] In order to obtain leakage input parameters that are closer to real-world scenarios and adapt to the high-dimensional uncertainty of complex environmental variables, a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm is used to optimize the leakage parameters. This method can avoid the uncertainty of manually set parameters and aims to generate the most representative parameter combination for real-world leakage scenarios.

[0059] First, the input parameter set required for the leak scenario is set, including but not limited to the leak diameter, initial leak pressure, leak rate, duration, external wind speed, wind direction, and ambient temperature. Each parameter combination constitutes an iterative individual, representing a complete leak scenario. All parameters are normalized within the set physically feasible range to initialize the population. Based on a database of historical leak accidents, parameter samples under similar operating conditions are extracted. A probability density function is established using multivariate kernel density estimation. This function represents the similarity of a parameter combination in historical occurrences, i.e., the degree of simulation realism. An initial population is randomly generated, and an appropriate swarm optimization algorithm (such as a particle swarm optimization algorithm or a genetic algorithm) is used to simulate its leak diffusion behavior. This probability density function is used as the objective function value to drive population updates. The higher the fitness, the more consistent the individual is with the historical leak scenario. The optimization process terminates when the fitness converges, the population has not improved over multiple generations, or the maximum number of iterations has been reached. One or more optimal parameter sets are output, which are used to determine the chemical leak conditions.

[0060] Based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, a leakage space prototype is set in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model; a circle with a radius of R and a leakage point as the center is integrated into the leakage space prototype. i Constructing a model of buildings surrounding chemicalsX i , i=1, 2, …, I; R I is the maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; R i The value of increases with the increase of i;

[0061] After identifying the target leaking chemical, its storage location in the 3D distribution model is first used as the leak source. This location is typically the physical coordinates of a storage tank, pipeline node, or valve, which can be directly extracted from the 3D chemical layout model. Based on the chemical leakage conditions, the maximum diffusion radius of the chemical in the current environment is determined to limit the leakage impact space.

[0062] In the leakage space prototype, identify all the building units that intersect or are surrounded by it, divide it by radius, and construct a building model around the chemical;

[0063] Chemical-based building model X i , conduct risk assessment based on chemical leakage conditions to obtain risk assessment results for leaked chemicals; make judgments based on the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals to obtain non-chemical risk assessment results;

[0064] Chemical-based building model X i , specific steps for risk assessment of chemical release conditions, including:

[0065] Chemical leakage conditions include leakage source type and leakage external parameters;

[0066] Identify Chemicals Around Building ModelX i For all types of building clusters, different functional sensitivity factors are set for different building clusters; based on the identification of building cluster structures, different propagation impact factors are set for different building cluster structures;

[0067] Functional identification is performed on all building units in the building model surrounding chemicals. Hospitals, schools, and nursing homes can be marked as highly sensitive areas based on the functions of the surrounding buildings. Office buildings and dormitories are medium-sensitive areas, and warehouses or closed equipment rooms are low-sensitive areas. Different functional sensitivity factors are set according to the building type, and the specific values ​​are set manually.

[0068] At the same time, the physical structural characteristics of each building are analyzed, including whether it has protective shielding, airtightness, ventilation system layout, building orientation, window density, etc., to assess its ability to transmit gas chemical leaks and obtain the transmission impact factor;

[0069] Determine chemical reaction auxiliary conditions based on leakage external parameters; generate auxiliary condition reaction sets based on chemical reaction auxiliary conditions in a chemical logic adjacency chain graph;

[0070] On this basis, combined with external leakage parameters, it is determined whether the leakage environment constitutes an auxiliary condition for chemical reactions. For example, trigger factors such as high temperature, strong light, contact with water or vibration are used. The trigger conditions in the chemical compatibility matrix are used to screen the types of reactions that may be activated in the current environment. Then, in the chemical logical adjacency chain diagram, all adjacent chemical nodes connected to the leak are extracted and judged whether the trigger conditions are met, thereby generating an auxiliary condition reaction set. This auxiliary condition reaction set is a collection of all chemicals that may react with the leak in the current environment, and has the ability to construct a chain reaction path.

[0071] Construct the spatiotemporal propagation path of leaked chemicals based on auxiliary condition response sets and chemical leakage conditions;

[0072] A spatiotemporal propagation path model for the leaked chemical is constructed based on the initial point of the leak source, external meteorological parameters, and ancillary conditional reaction sets. This path model not only includes the initial diffusion trajectory but also simulates the propagation by incorporating the locations and triggering delays of potential reaction nodes. A temporal inference algorithm is used to calculate the propagation speed, reaction activation time, and propagation stacking radius, forming a dynamic spatiotemporal chain propagation path that represents the spatial impact range and impact sequence of the leaked chemical. The chemical hazard level, calculated based on the ancillary conditional reaction set, is incorporated into the spatiotemporal propagation path.

[0073] Building Models Around Chemicals X i In the process, the chemical leakage risk result Z is evaluated based on the functional sensitivity factor, transmission impact factor, and the spatiotemporal transmission path of the chemical. i ;

[0074] Based on the temporal nature of the spatiotemporal transmission path of chemicals, by simulating the time evolution of the transmission path, it is possible to track how long it takes for the building model surrounding the chemicals to be first covered by the leaked air mass, toxic cloud or heat flow, and accordingly determine the risk response time window of the building model surrounding the chemicals, that is, the first hit time, which is the shortest time from the start of the leak to the first impact of the pollutant on the building, and is directly related to the emergency response time limit and risk priority; after obtaining the coverage time of the building model surrounding the chemicals, it is integrated with the chemical hazard level. Each building in the building model surrounding the chemicals has an independent functional sensitivity factor, which is used to reflect the vulnerability of its use to the risk of chemical leakage; it also includes a transmission impact factor, which is used to comprehensively represent the concentration intensity, ventilation conditions, structural shielding capacity, etc. of the building when it is exposed; based on the above parameters, the four key factors: coverage time, chemical hazard, functional sensitivity and transmission impact intensity are coupled to form the final chemical leakage risk result Z i ; Chemical leakage risk result Z iThe value of can reflect the spatiotemporal impact of the leak on a specific building or area. The result not only reflects the dynamic characteristic that the faster the coverage, the higher the risk, but also significantly amplifies the risk level through weighting factors of the chemical's own toxicity, flammability, explosiveness and other hazards. At the same time, the functional sensitivity factor based on the building's use is used as the decision basis for response priority. The corresponding value of highly sensitive buildings such as hospitals and schools during early exposure is much higher than that of general industrial plants or storage areas, thus achieving a precise risk expression that integrates space, time, chemical properties and social functions in multiple dimensions.

[0075] Comprehensive all chemical leakage risk results Z i , and obtain the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals; comprehensively integrate all chemical leakage risk results, and move from the risk score at the micro-building or unit level to the macro-regional scale to comprehensively assess the overall degree of harm caused by leaked chemicals in the current scenario; this not only reflects the breadth and intensity of the spread of the chemical in the actual deployment environment, but also integrates the depth of its impact on different types of buildings.

[0076] The specific steps for determining the non-chemical risk assessment results based on the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals include:

[0077] Construct non-chemical result mapping tables based on expert experience;

[0078] Based on the chemical leakage risk result Z i Use the non-chemical result mapping table to map the results and obtain the non-chemical impact result F i ;

[0079] The non-chemical result mapping table can be established based on the historical event regression model or the expert scoring model to reflect the intensity level of various social reactions that may occur under different risk intensities. The mapping table is stored in a two-dimensional structure, with the horizontal axis representing the leakage risk value of different levels and the vertical axis representing the non-chemical impact items that may be triggered; for example, the chemical leakage risk result Z i When the level is high, it may cause serious impact on the surrounding environment. Professional technicians will conduct quantitative assessment to obtain the quantitative value of non-chemical impact results. i The actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value are obtained; based on the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value, the perception deviation map T is obtained. i The actual risk perception value is derived from the impact of actual chemical leaks within the building model surrounding the chemical, and the public risk perception value is derived from the public's emotional reactions to chemical leaks in historical data. For example, some chemicals, although extremely low in toxicity or harmless, may cause a certain degree of risk events after leakage due to their strong or irritating odors. The non-chemical risks of these chemicals are very high.

[0080] The difference between the two constitutes the perceptual deviation value, and all deviation values ​​constitute the perceptual deviation map in space;

[0081] Based on the perceptual bias map T i and non-chemical effects results F i Perform predictive evolution to obtain the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result Y i The perception bias map reflects the nonlinear evolution of non-chemical risks when the public is overly sensitive or under-perceived of risks. Based on the perception bias map and non-chemical impact results, a time-series propagation network is constructed, and the perception bias map is used as a node attribute disturbance factor and input into the public response propagation model. Multi-agent simulation or graph neural network is used to simulate the dynamic evolution of public behavior changes. At the same time, crowd density data and historical risk response feedback are used to iteratively update node status and edge propagation weights to generate response delay indexes and potential disturbance levels for each building or functional area in the region. The final output is the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result.

[0082] Comprehensive all predicted non-chemical risk assessment results Y i , and obtain non-chemical risk assessment results; it can conduct an overall assessment of the non-chemical impacts caused by chemical leakage incidents at the macro scale, that is, the secondary social impacts. By weighted integration of all predicted non-chemical risk assessment results, combined with factors such as their functional level, population density, regional influence and transmission centrality, a unified non-chemical risk assessment result is formed, which reflects the overall intensity of some non-physical risk consequences that may be caused by chemical leakage in a specific situation, and is a systematic measurement of the ability of the chemical to cause social secondary risks in a specific environment.

[0083] Traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leakage chemical risk assessment results, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy based on the regional chemical risk level map;

[0084] The specific steps for outputting a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leaked chemical risk assessment results include:

[0085] According to different chemical surrounding building models X i , output leakage response capability Y i Leakage response capability refers to the comprehensive defense level of a building or area in terms of response resources, physical protection structures, evacuation routes, emergency mechanisms, and historical response efficiency after a leak occurs.

[0086] Based on all non-chemical risk assessment results, leaked chemical risk assessment results and leak response capability Y in the current area i Perform weighted analysis to obtain the regional chemical risk level Di The weighted analysis method can use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights; the regional chemical risk level unifies the data of the three assessment dimensions into the same risk level scoring system;

[0087] According to all areas chemical risk level D i Overlay to obtain a regional chemical risk level map;

[0088] After obtaining the regional chemical risk levels of all units, they are mapped to the digital twin model according to their geographic spatial distribution, and spatial overlay operations are performed to generate a regional chemical risk level map marked with different colors according to the regional chemical risk level;

[0089] In this embodiment, when determining the actual chemical leak handling strategy based on the regional chemical risk level map, a comprehensive decision-making method based on spatial level identification, risk linkage deduction and response resource matching can be adopted; different level areas in the regional chemical risk level map are clustered and identified, and risk response blocks with semantic characteristics are formed based on the functional building types, population density, historical accident records and resource accessibility they cover; based on the risk level distribution pattern and spatial relationship of these blocks, a rule engine or logical judgment model is used to formulate hierarchical disposal strategies step by step; for example: for red high-risk areas, the leakage area and surrounding roads are immediately closed, Organize personnel in the chemical plant to evacuate according to the preset evacuation routes, set up a warning area at the leakage point, implement leakage source isolation, and activate the emergency command center in the chemical plant to coordinate medical and fire-fighting forces to carry out disposal; for orange medium-risk areas, activate the chemical plant broadcast notification system, divert traffic, and deploy medical points in the chemical plant to an alert state, maintain information transparency and closely monitor the spread dynamics; for yellow and green low-risk areas, maintain production or on-duty status, combine gas monitoring to track risk boundaries in real time, and ensure the overall operation order of the plant and personnel safety; specific chemical leak handling strategies are adjusted by experienced personnel in this field according to actual conditions.

[0090] Example 2, a risk assessment system for chemical leaks, see Figure 1 Shown, including:

[0091] The chemical 3D construction module includes a 3D construction unit, which is used to obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and the corresponding chemical reserves, physical states and chemical spatial distribution, and build a 3D chemical distribution model; based on the 3D chemical distribution model, it constructs a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram;

[0092] The chemical leakage simulation module includes a leakage simulation unit, which is used to simulate a certain type of chemical as a leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, a leakage space prototype is set in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model; a circle with a radius of R and a leakage point as the center is integrated in the leakage space prototype. i Constructing a model of buildings surrounding chemicalsX i , i=1, 2, …, I; R I The maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical;

[0093] Chemical leakage assessment module, including chemical risk assessment unit, non-chemical risk assessment unit and comprehensive response assessment unit; chemical risk assessment unit is used to assess the chemical leakage based on the surrounding building model X i , perform risk assessment based on chemical leakage conditions to obtain risk assessment results for leaked chemicals; the non-chemical risk assessment unit is used to make judgments based on the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals to obtain non-chemical risk assessment results; the comprehensive response assessment unit is used to traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals, and determine the actual chemical leakage handling strategy based on the regional chemical risk level map.

[0094] It should be understood that those skilled in the art may make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications shall fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. Any portion of this specification not described in detail is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for risk assessment of chemical leakage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and their corresponding chemical reserves, physical states, and spatial distribution, and construct a three-dimensional chemical distribution model; based on the three-dimensional chemical distribution model, construct a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain graph; Simulate a certain type of chemical as a leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leak conditions of the leaked chemical; Based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, a leakage space prototype is set in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model; a circle with a radius of R and a leakage point as the center is integrated into the leakage space prototype. i Constructing a model of buildings surrounding chemicalsX i , i=1, 2, …, I; R I The maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; Chemical-based building model X i , conduct risk assessment based on chemical leakage conditions to obtain risk assessment results for leaked chemicals; make judgments based on the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals to obtain non-chemical risk assessment results; Traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leakage chemical risk assessment results, and determine the actual chemical leakage treatment strategy based on the regional chemical risk level map; The specific steps for constructing a three-dimensional chemical distribution model, a chemical compatibility matrix, and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram include: Establish chemical three-dimensional coordinate information based on chemical spatial distribution; establish chemical geometric models based on physical state and chemical reserves; integrate chemical three-dimensional coordinate information and chemical geometric models to construct a chemical three-dimensional distribution model using digital twin technology; Based on all types of chemicals, construct a complete set of chemicals C, C={C j |j=1, 2, …, J}; C j is a certain chemical, and J is the total number of all types of chemicals; Obtain the standard chemical compatibility database and construct the comparative compatibility matrix M[j][q] based on the standard chemical compatibility database, where j represents chemical C j , q represents chemical C q , q=1,2,…,J,q≠j; M[j][q]∈{0,1,2,…,N}, N is the chemical reaction interaction state; based on all the comparison compatibility matrices M[j][q], the chemical compatibility matrix is ​​obtained; Identify the shared chain G[j][q] in the three-dimensional distribution model of chemicals, use the shared chain G[j][q] as the adjacent edge, and the chemical C j As nodes, the chemical logic adjacency chain graph is obtained; Chemical-based building model X i , specific steps for risk assessment of chemical release conditions, including: Chemical leakage conditions include leakage source type and leakage external parameters; Identify Chemicals Around Building ModelX i For all types of building clusters, different functional sensitivity factors are set for different building clusters; based on the identification of building cluster structures, different propagation impact factors are set for different building cluster structures; Determine chemical reaction auxiliary conditions based on leakage external parameters; generate auxiliary condition reaction sets based on chemical reaction auxiliary conditions in a chemical logic adjacency chain graph; Construct the spatiotemporal propagation path of leaked chemicals based on auxiliary condition response sets and chemical leakage conditions; Building Models Around Chemicals X i In the process, the chemical leakage risk result Z is evaluated based on the functional sensitivity factor, transmission impact factor, and the spatiotemporal transmission path of the chemical. i ; Comprehensive all chemical leakage risk results Z i , obtain the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals; Combined with the external parameters of the leakage, it is determined whether the leakage environment constitutes an auxiliary condition for chemical reaction; the trigger conditions in the chemical compatibility matrix are used to screen the reaction types that may be activated in the current environment, and then in the chemical logical adjacency chain diagram, all adjacent chemical nodes connected to the leak are extracted, and it is determined whether the trigger conditions are met, thereby generating an auxiliary condition reaction set.

2. A method for risk assessment of chemical leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for determining the non-chemical risk assessment results based on the risk assessment results of leaked chemicals include: Construct non-chemical result mapping tables based on expert experience; Based on the chemical leakage risk result Z i Use the non-chemical result mapping table to map the results and obtain the non-chemical impact result F i ; Building Models Around Chemicals X i The actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value are obtained; based on the actual risk perception value and the public risk perception value, a perception deviation map T is obtained. i ; Based on the perceptual bias map T i and non-chemical effects results F i Perform predictive evolution to obtain the predicted non-chemical risk assessment result Y i ; Comprehensive all predicted non-chemical risk assessment results Y i , and obtain non-chemical risk assessment results.

3. A method for risk assessment of chemical leakage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps for outputting a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the leaked chemical risk assessment results include: According to different chemical surrounding building models X i , output leakage response capability Y i ; Based on all non-chemical risk assessment results, leaked chemical risk assessment results and leak response capability Y in the current area i Perform weighted analysis to obtain the regional chemical risk level D i ; According to all areas chemical risk level D i Superimpose them to obtain a regional chemical risk level map.

4. A method for risk assessment of chemical leakage according to claim 3, characterized in that: Chemical spill conditions were simulated using a swarm optimization algorithm to leak chemicals.

5. A risk assessment system for chemical leaks, characterized in that: The system applies a risk assessment method for chemical leakage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: The chemical 3D construction module includes a 3D construction unit, which is used to obtain all types of chemicals in the current area and the corresponding chemical reserves, physical states and chemical spatial distribution, and build a 3D chemical distribution model; based on the 3D chemical distribution model, it constructs a chemical compatibility matrix and a chemical logical adjacency chain diagram; The chemical leakage simulation module includes a leakage simulation unit, which is used to simulate a certain type of chemical as a leaked chemical and simulate the chemical leakage conditions of the leaked chemical; based on the leakage point of the leaked chemical, a leakage space prototype is set in the chemical three-dimensional distribution model; a circle with a radius of R and a leakage point as the center is integrated in the leakage space prototype. i Constructing a model of buildings surrounding chemicalsX i , i=1, 2, …, I; R I The maximum diffusion range of the leaked chemical; Chemical leakage assessment module, including chemical risk assessment unit, non-chemical risk assessment unit and comprehensive response assessment unit; chemical risk assessment unit is used to assess the chemical leakage based on the surrounding building model X i , perform risk assessment based on chemical leakage conditions to obtain risk assessment results for leaked chemicals; the non-chemical risk assessment unit is used to make judgments based on the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals to obtain non-chemical risk assessment results; the comprehensive response assessment unit is used to traverse and simulate all chemicals in the current area, output a regional chemical risk level map based on the non-chemical risk assessment results and the risk assessment results for leaked chemicals, and determine the actual chemical leakage handling strategy based on the regional chemical risk level map.

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