Bionic quantum dot 3D structure of metal ion battery and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery, and solves the technical problems of battery energy density and rapid charging and discharging. Comprising a battery positive plate and a battery negative plate which are provided with tabs and a base body, the base body is provided with a plurality of main cavities, each main cavity is of a cylindrical cavity structure, one end of each main cavity is open, and the other end of each main cavity is sealed; a plurality of sub-chambers are arranged in the main chamber; the sub-chambers are formed by the separation of fin partition plates arranged in the main chamber; the inner cavity wall surfaces of the substrates of the positive plate and the negative plate, the main cavity and the sub-cavity are attached to positive and negative surface active materials to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode; all the main chambers and the sub-chambers are symmetrically arranged in a two-dimensional topology manner to form a 3D geometric structure; the main chamber and the sub-chamber arranged on the base body are of a single-sided or double-sided chamber structure; the invention also provides a construction method of the bionic quantum dot 3D structure of the metal ion battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal ion batteries, and particularly relates to a bionic quantum dot 3D structure and construction method of a metal ion battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, the technology of metal ion batteries has entered a relatively mature development stage, and great improvements have been made in various aspects such as battery materials, structures, processes, energy densities, and safety. In particular, the development of pure electric vehicles, energy storage, smart phones, etc. has driven the rapid development of metal ion battery technology. Under the background of such technological development, how to continuously optimize and iterate the metal ion battery technology has positive significance for improving the in-depth development and progress of battery technology.

[0003] However, from the perspective of the current technology development route, the development direction of metal ion battery technology mainly follows the technical path of improving battery performance by improving the battery material formula. For example, with the development of electrolyte materials, ternary lithium ion batteries have evolved from liquid electrolyte batteries to semi-solid electrolyte batteries to all-solid electrolyte batteries. However, no breakthrough progress has been made in the key performance aspects of metal ion battery technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bionic quantum dot 3D structure and construction method of a metal ion battery to solve the technical problems of battery energy density and fast charging and discharging; as a general technology, it is suitable for applications in stacked and wound liquid, semi-solid, and all-solid metal ion batteries.

[0005] The bionic technical method of the present invention is as follows: Based on the human vascular network structure model and efficient blood circulation system, the human vascular network refers to a series of pipeline tissues through which human blood flows. Except for the cornea, hair, fingernails, toenails, dentin, and epithelium, blood vessels are distributed throughout the body. The total length of human blood vessels is nearly 100,000 kilometers. If connected end to end, it can circle the earth 2.5 times.

[0006] The structure of human blood vessels is divided into three types according to function: arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries originate from the heart, continuously branch, the diameter gradually becomes thinner, the wall gradually thickens, and finally divide into a large number of capillaries, which are distributed among all tissues and cells of the body. The capillaries then converge and gradually form veins, which finally return to the heart.

[0007] The vascular network is distributed throughout the body, and blood reaches every tissue and cell of the body, efficiently providing nutrients to each tissue and cell of the human body to maintain the activity of human tissues and cells. Its basis is the support of the human vascular network.

[0008] In metal ion batteries, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are one of the important structural components that constitute the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Their function is to act as current collectors, conduct electricity and serve as carriers of positive electrode materials and negative electrode materials. They are generally made of metal plate materials with aluminum as the positive electrode and copper as the negative electrode. The present invention uses the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the battery as carriers for constructing the bionic quantum dot 3D structure model.

[0009] The present invention is based on the bionic principle of the human blood circulation system. There is a battery pack positive electrode connection circuit, which is a battery interface circuit extending outward after all the positive electrode tabs in the battery pack are gathered together, equivalent to the aorta; the positive electrode sheet is provided with a positive electrode tab, equivalent to the secondary aorta; the positive electrode sheet substrate is equivalent to the branch artery; the main chamber structure partition on the positive electrode sheet substrate is equivalent to the micro-artery; the sub-chamber structure fin partition in the main chamber structure is equivalent to the arterial capillaries.

[0010] A battery pack negative electrode connection circuit is provided, which is a section of battery interface circuit extended after all the negative electrode sheet ears in the battery pack are gathered together, equivalent to the main vein; negative electrode sheet ears are provided on the negative electrode sheet, equivalent to the secondary main vein; the negative electrode sheet matrix is ​​equivalent to the branch vein; the main chamber structure partition on the negative electrode sheet matrix is ​​equivalent to the micro-venous blood vessel; the sub-chamber structure fin partition in the main chamber structure is equivalent to the venous capillary blood vessel.

[0011] The above-mentioned metal ion battery structure containing a large number of positive and negative electrode sheets of the cavity topology 3D structure of quantum dot size is called a quantum dot topology 3D structure circuit network structure model system.

[0012] The bionics implementation process of the present invention is as follows: If we regard vascular tissue as circuit lines, the vascular network as a circuit network, blood pressure as voltage, and blood as current, then blood flows to blood vessels throughout the body driven by blood pressure, and current flows to the entire circuit driven by voltage.

[0013] The human vascular system starts from the heart, enters the branch arteries at all levels throughout the body through the aorta, and is then shunted into the capillaries of the arteries throughout the body; it then converges through the capillaries of the systemic veins, enters the branch veins at all levels throughout the body, and returns to the heart through the main veins, completing the blood circulation.

[0014] The charging and discharging bionic cycle process of metal ion battery system: During charging, starting from the battery pack interface, the external current is shunted through the positive tab of the positive electrode plate and enters each positive electrode substrate inside the battery. The positive electrode material undergoes an electrochemical reaction under the action of the current in the positive electrode substrate. At this time, metal ions are removed from the metal compound in the positive electrode material and release electrons. The metal ions migrate through the electrolyte and are embedded in the lattice voids of the negative electrode material. The negative electrode is in a state rich in metal ions, and the electrons reach the negative electrode through the external circuit and are received simultaneously; During discharging, when the circuit is connected, the negative electrode material undergoes an electrochemical reaction. The metal ions in the lattice voids of the negative electrode material are removed and release electrons. The metal ions migrate through the electrolyte to the positive electrode material and combine with the positive electrode material that originally lost metal ions to regenerate the metal compound again; the electrons reach the positive electrode through the external circuit and are received simultaneously.

[0015] To achieve the above bionic purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Provide a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery, including a battery positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate; the battery positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are provided with tabs and substrates, and a plurality of main chambers are provided on the substrates; a plurality of sub-chambers are provided inside the main chambers; the main chamber is set as a cylindrical cavity structure surrounded by a cylindrical partition, and one end is open and the other end is sealed; the sub-chamber is separated by a fin partition provided in the main chamber; the substrates of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the top surface of the cylindrical partition of all the main chambers on the substrate, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical partition, the bottom surface of the main chamber, and the top surface of the fin partition of all the sub-chambers, the inner wall surface of the fin partition, and the surface of the bottom surface of the sub-chamber are respectively attached with a positive electrode surface active material and a negative electrode surface active material to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cylindrical cavity structure of the main chamber includes prisms with different numbers of sides, or other shaped cylinders, or a composite configuration arranged by cylinders with different shapes; all the main chambers are symmetrically two-dimensionally topologically arranged on the substrate to form a 3D geometric structure.

[0017] In some embodiments, the sub-chamber is separated by a fin partition arranged in a certain geometric method and shape in the cavity of the main chamber. The fin partition divides the cavity of the main chamber into a plurality of chamber structures with smaller geometric dimensions; a plurality of the sub-chambers are symmetrically two-dimensionally topologically arranged in the main chamber to form a 3D geometric structure.

[0018] In some embodiments, the substrate provided with the main chamber and the sub-chamber includes a single-sided chamber structure or a double-sided chamber structure; the single-sided chamber structure refers to a 3D geometric structure in which the main chamber and the sub-chamber are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional topological arrangement on one surface of the substrate, and the other surface is a sealed plane; the double-sided chamber structure refers to a 3D geometric structure in which the main chamber and the sub-chamber are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional topological arrangement on both surfaces of the substrate, and the middle position of the substrate plane is the division plane of the double-sided chamber structure, so that the main chamber and the sub-chamber structures on both sides of the substrate are not connected to each other.

[0019] In some embodiments, all the main chambers on the single-sided chamber structure or the double-sided chamber structure of the substrate are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology, and adjacent main chambers are connected by the cylindrical partitions of the main chambers; all the sub-chambers in the main chamber are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology, and adjacent sub-chambers are connected by the fin partitions of the sub-chambers.

[0020] In some embodiments, the thickness of the fin partition of the sub-chamber is less than the thickness of the cylindrical partition of the main chamber, so that the whole substrate can bear good compressive force, provide a mechanical support framework for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material attached to the substrate of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, strengthen the overall physical strength of the battery and the bonding force between the substrate material and the surface active material, and is not easy to cause the collapse of the internal structure.

[0021] A construction method for a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery is also provided, including the following steps: S1. By means of bionics principle, based on the human blood vessel structure model and an efficient blood circulation system, a 3D structure topological circuit network structure model system with quantum dot size is constructed on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the metal ion battery, so that the current can reach the micron or nanometer-scale molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact structure surfaces on the surface active materials on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet efficiently and widely. S2. According to the topological circuit network structure model system of the quantum dot 3D structure, the main chamber and the sub-chamber 3D structures provided on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron or nanometer-scale quantum dot size. S3. Based on the fact that all the main chambers and all the sub-chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are 3D geometric structure models with quantum dot sizes at the micron or nanometer scale, a 3D structural configuration relationship of the chambers with quantum dot sizes is established between the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. It contains multiple 3D structural bodies of the main chambers and a large number of 3D structural bodies of the sub-chambers. For the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the 3D structural bodies of the main chambers and the 3D structural bodies of the sub-chambers will serve as electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and forming a power supply electrode for the quantum dot circuit network structure model system; for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, micron or nanometer-scale molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures with the shape of the sub-chambers are constructed on the fitting contact interfaces of the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. This 3D structure of the main chambers and the sub-chambers creates a technical framework for the huge quantum dot surface area effect condition on the fitting contact interfaces of the electrodes and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.

[0022] S4. According to the quantum dot surface area effect technical architecture, the quantum dot surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, improves the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, increases the effective space for the electrochemical reaction activity of the positive electrode surface active material, the effective space for the lattice void activity of the negative electrode surface active material, and the effective storage space for metal ions. Under the condition of unchanged battery volume, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the substrates of the traditional positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the 3D structure model of the main chambers and the sub-chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet has a quantum dot surface area effect that enables the current to reach the micron or nanometer-scale molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact surfaces in the positive electrode surface active material efficiently and widely, activating a larger number of active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron or nanometer-scale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material to participate in the electrochemical reaction. The micron or nanometer-scale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material release a larger total amount of free metal ions and electrons, and the micron or nanometer-scale molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode surface active material can also provide a larger total amount of free metal ion storage lattice voids, thereby improving the unit energy density of the battery.

[0023] On the other hand, under this quantum dot surface area effect, the active material molecules on the surface of the micron- or nano-scale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material participate in the electrochemical reaction more extensively, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This fast charging technology architecture based on the quantum dot surface area effect significantly accelerates the charging speed. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be significantly accelerated.

[0024] In some embodiments, the step S2 further includes: on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the single-sided chamber structure, the main chambers (4) and the sub-chambers (6) arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are single-sided micron- or nano-scale quantum dot-sized 3D geometric structures; on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the double-sided chamber structure, the main chambers and the sub-chambers arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are double-sided micron- or nano-scale quantum dot-sized 3D geometric structures.

[0025] In some embodiments, the step S2 further includes using a laser lithography forming process or an imprinting forming process to respectively form the quantum dot cavity 3D geometric structures of the main chambers and the sub-chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the cylindrical partitions of all the main chambers, the inner bottom surface of the main chambers, the fin partitions of all the sub-chambers, and the inner bottom surface structure of the sub-chambers on the substrate are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate.

[0026] In some embodiments, the step S3 further includes using a vacuum coating technology to respectively deposit the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the top surfaces, inner wall surfaces of the cylindrical partitions, and inner bottom surfaces of all the main chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and on the top surfaces, inner wall surfaces of the fin partitions, and inner bottom surfaces of all the sub-chambers to form a fully covered thin film layer.

[0027] After adopting the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Based on the bionics principle of the human vascular network structure model and the efficient blood circulation system, a quantum dot 3D structure model is established inside the positive and negative electrodes of the metal ion battery. By setting a large number of main chambers and sub-chambers on the substrate, the storage space inside the substrate is expanded. By setting interconnected cylindrical partitions and fin partitions, a new circuit network on the substrate is constructed. These numerous main chamber structures and sub-chamber structures will serve as the electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive and negative electrode materials, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive and negative electrode materials; on the fitting contact interfaces between the positive electrode substrate and the negative electrode substrate and the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material respectively, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are constructed into molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of micron or nanoscale with the shape of sub-chambers, and at the same time, the condition of a huge quantum dot surface area effect on the fitting contact interface is created; this quantum dot surface area effect enables the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material to exhibit new physical properties, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material, and significantly increasing the electrochemical reaction activity and effective space of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material; under the condition that the battery volume remains unchanged, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the traditional metal ion battery, the main chamber and sub-chamber structure models on the positive and negative electrodes of this new type of metal ion battery have a quantum dot surface area effect that enables the current to reach the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact surfaces in the positive electrode material efficiently and extensively, which can activate more material molecules on the surfaces of the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode material to participate in the electrochemical reaction, and the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode material release a greater total amount of free metal ions and electrons. And the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode material can also provide a greater total amount of free metal ion storage lattice voids, thereby greatly improving the unit energy density of the battery and significantly enhancing the performance.

[0028] On the other hand, under this quantum dot surface area effect, the material molecules on the surfaces of the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode material participate in the electrochemical reaction more extensively, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This quantum dot surface area effect can also greatly accelerate the charging speed. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be greatly accelerated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure of the metal ion battery in the first embodiment; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism main chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the positive electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism main chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the regular quadrangular prism main chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the positive electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the regular quadrangular prism main chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the regular triangular prism main chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the positive electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the regular triangular prism main chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in the first embodiment; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the composite shape main chamber structure of a regular pentagonal prism and a regular quadrangular prism on the positive electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the composite shape main chamber structure of a regular pentagonal prism and a regular quadrangular prism on the negative electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism main chamber structure on the positive and negative electrode sheet substrates in the first embodiment; Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the first seed chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive and negative electrode sheet substrates in the first embodiment; Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the second seed chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive and negative electrode sheet substrates in the first embodiment; Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the third seed chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive and negative electrode sheet substrates in the first embodiment; Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth seed chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive and negative electrode sheet substrates in the first embodiment; Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the fifth seed chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive and negative electrode sheet substrates in the first embodiment; Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the sixth sub-chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the seventh sub-chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the eighth sub-chamber structure in the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface, inner wall, and top surface of the columnar partition on the bottom surface of the regular hexagonal prism main chamber on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface, inner wall, and top surface of the fin partition in the chambers of the regular hexagonal prism main chamber and the sub-chambers on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate in the first embodiment; Figure 23 It is the third schematic diagram of the main chamber structure of the positive electrode sheet in the first embodiment; Figure 24 It is the third schematic diagram of the sub-chamber structure of the positive electrode sheet in the first embodiment; Figure 25 It is the third schematic diagram of the main chamber structure of the negative electrode sheet in the first embodiment; Figure 26 It is the third schematic diagram of the sub-chamber structure of the negative electrode sheet in the first embodiment.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Tab; 2. Substrate; 3. Division plane of double-sided chamber structure; 4. Main chamber; 5. Columnar partition; 6. Sub-chamber; 7. Fin partition; 8. Top surface of columnar partition; 9. Inner wall surface of columnar partition; 10. Bottom surface of main chamber; 11. Top surface of fin partition; 12. Inner wall surface of fin partition; 13. Bottom surface of sub-chamber; 20. Positive electrode tab; 21. Positive electrode substrate; 22. Division plane of double-sided chamber structure of positive electrode sheet; 23. Main chamber of positive electrode sheet; 24. Columnar partition of main chamber of positive electrode sheet; 25. Sub-chamber of positive electrode sheet; 30. Negative electrode tab; 31. Negative electrode substrate; 32. Division plane of double-sided chamber structure of negative electrode sheet; 33. Main chamber of negative electrode sheet; 34. Columnar partition of main chamber of negative electrode sheet; 35. Sub-chamber of negative electrode sheet. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to their needs after reading this specification, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the Patent Law.

[0034] Example 1: This example provides a bionic quantum dot 3D structure for a metal ion battery, specifically as Figure 1 shown, including a battery positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet; the battery positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are provided with tabs 1 and substrates 2, and the substrate 2 is provided with a plurality of main chambers 4; a plurality of sub-chambers 6 are arranged inside the main chamber 4; the main chamber 4 is arranged as a cylindrical cavity structure surrounded by a cylindrical partition 5, and one end is open and the other end is sealed; the sub-chamber 6 is separated by a fin partition 7 arranged in the main chamber 4; the substrates 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partitions of all the main chambers 4 on the substrate 2, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partitions, the bottom surfaces 10 of the main chambers, and the top surfaces 11 of the fin partitions, the inner wall surfaces 12 of the fin partitions, and the bottom surfaces 13 of the sub-chambers of all the sub-chambers 6 are respectively attached with a positive electrode surface active material and a negative electrode surface active material to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode.

[0035] Furthermore, the battery electrode positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet have the same structure, specifically as Figures 2 - 5 shown, the positive electrode sheet of the battery is provided with a positive electrode tab 20 and a positive electrode substrate 21, the positive electrode substrate 21 is provided with a positive electrode main chamber 23 and a positive electrode sub-chamber 25, the positive electrode main chamber 23 is composed of a positive electrode main chamber cylindrical partition 24, the negative electrode main chamber 33 is composed of a negative electrode main chamber cylindrical partition 34, the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partitions of all the positive electrode main chambers 23 on the positive electrode substrate 21, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partitions, the bottom surfaces 10 of the main chambers, and the top surfaces 11 of the fin partitions, the inner wall surfaces 12 of the fin partitions, and the bottom surfaces 13 of the sub-chambers of all the positive electrode sub-chambers 25 are respectively attached with a positive electrode surface active material to form a positive electrode with a 3D structure of a main chamber and a sub-chamber. In some embodiments, the middle position of the positive electrode substrate 21 of the double-sided chamber structure is the positive electrode double-sided chamber structure dividing plane 22, so that the positive electrode main chambers 23 and the positive electrode sub-chambers 25 on both sides of the positive electrode substrate 21 are not communicated with each other. Similarly, the middle position of the negative electrode substrate 31 of the double-sided chamber structure is the negative electrode double-sided chamber structure dividing plane 32, so that the negative electrode main chambers 33 and the negative electrode sub-chambers 35 on both sides of the negative electrode substrate 31 are not communicated with each other.

[0036] In some embodiments, specifically as Figures 6 - 11 shown, the cylindrical cavity structure of the main chamber 4 includes prisms with different numbers of sides, or other shaped cylinders, or a composite configuration arranged by different shaped cylinders; all the main chambers 4 are symmetrically arranged in a two-dimensional topology on the substrate 2 to form a 3D geometric structure.

[0037] In some embodiments, specifically asFigures 12 - 20 As shown, the sub-chamber 6 is formed by dividing the cavity of the main chamber 4 by fin partitions 7 arranged in a certain geometric method and shape. The fin partitions 7 divide the cavity of the main chamber 4 into multiple chamber structures with smaller geometric dimensions; multiple sub-chambers 6 are symmetrically arranged in a two-dimensional topology within the main chamber 4 to form a 3D geometric structure.

[0038] In some embodiments, the substrate 2 provided with the main chamber 4 and the sub-chamber 6 includes a single-sided chamber structure or a double-sided chamber structure; the single-sided chamber structure means that a 3D geometric structure with a symmetric two-dimensional topology formed by the main chamber 4 and the sub-chamber 6 is provided on one surface of the substrate 2, and the other surface is a sealed plane; the double-sided chamber structure means that 3D geometric structures with symmetric two-dimensional topologies formed by the main chamber 4 and the sub-chamber 6 are provided on both surfaces of the substrate 2, and the middle position of the plane of the substrate 2 is the dividing plane 3 of the double-sided chamber structure, so that the main chamber 4 and the sub-chamber 6 structures on both sides of the substrate 2 are not connected to each other.

[0039] In some embodiments, all the main chambers 4 on the single-sided chamber structure or double-sided chamber structure of the substrate 2 are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology, and adjacent main chambers 4 are connected by the cylindrical partitions 5 of the main chamber 4; all the sub-chambers 6 in the main chamber 4 are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology, and adjacent sub-chambers 6 are connected by the fin partitions 7 of the sub-chamber 6.

[0040] In some embodiments, the thickness of the fin partitions 7 of the sub-chambers 6 is less than the thickness of the cylindrical partitions 5 of the main chamber 4, so that the whole substrate 2 can bear good compressive force, provide a mechanical support framework for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material attached to the substrate 2 of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, strengthen the overall physical strength of the battery and the bonding force between the substrate material and the surface active material, and is not easily caused by internal structure collapse.

[0041] Furthermore, the cylindrical partitions 5 of all the main chambers 4, the inner bottom surface 10 of the main chamber, the fin partitions 7 of all the sub-chambers 6, and the inner bottom surface 13 of the sub-chamber on the substrate 2 are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate 2.

[0042] Further, the positive electrode sheet chamber 25 is used to fit the positive electrode surface active material; a negative electrode tab 30 and a negative electrode substrate 31 are provided on the battery negative electrode sheet. A main negative electrode chamber 33 and a sub-negative electrode chamber 35 are provided on the negative electrode substrate 31. The top surface 8 of the cylindrical partition, the inner wall surface 9 of the cylindrical partition, and the bottom surface 10 of the main chamber of all the main negative electrode chambers 33 on the negative electrode substrate 31, and the top surface 11 of the fin partition, the inner wall surface 12 of the fin partition, and the entire surface of the bottom surface 13 of the sub-chamber of all the sub-negative electrode chambers 35 are attached to the negative electrode surface active material, forming a negative electrode with a 3D structure of a main chamber and a sub-chamber.

[0043] Further, the surface area effect of quantum dots enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and significantly increasing the electrochemical reaction activity and effective space of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery, including the following steps: S1. Through the bionic principle, based on the human blood vessel structure model and an efficient blood circulation system, a 3D structure topological circuit network structure model system with quantum dot size is constructed on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the metal ion battery, so that the current can reach the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact structure surface in the surface active materials on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet efficiently and extensively.

[0045] S2. According to the topological circuit network structure model system of the quantum dot 3D structure, the main chamber 4 and the sub-chamber 6 structures provided on the substrate 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron or nanometer-sized quantum dot size.

[0046] S3. Based on the fact that all the main chambers 4 and all the sub-chambers 6 on the matrix 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are 3D geometric structure models with micron or nanometer-sized quantum dot dimensions, a complex 3D structural configuration relationship of the chamber with quantum dot dimensions is established between the matrix 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. It contains a large number of 3D structures of the main chambers 4 and a large number of 3D structures of the sub-chambers 6. For the matrix of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, these large numbers of 3D structures of the main chambers 4 and a large number of 3D structures of the sub-chambers 6 will serve as electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and forming a power supply electrode for the quantum dot circuit network structure model system; for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, on the fitting contact interfaces between the matrix of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material are constructed into micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures in the shape of the sub-chambers 6. This 3D structure of the main chambers 4 and the sub-chambers 6 creates a technical framework for the huge quantum dot surface area effect condition on the fitting contact interfaces between the electrodes on the matrix of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material.

[0047] S4. According to the quantum dot surface area effect technical architecture, the quantum dot surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, significantly increasing the effective space for the electrochemical reaction activity of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material and the effective space for the lattice void activity of the negative electrode surface active material, as well as the effective storage space for metal ions. Under the condition that the battery volume remains unchanged, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the matrix of the traditional positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the 3D structure model of the main chambers 4 and the sub-chambers 6 on the matrix of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet has a quantum dot surface area effect that enables the current to reach the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact surfaces in the positive electrode surface active material efficiently and extensively, activating a larger number of active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material to participate in the electrochemical reaction. The micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material release a larger total amount of free metal ions and electrons, while the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode surface active material can also provide a larger total amount of lattice voids for storing free metal ions, thereby greatly improving the unit energy density of the battery.

[0048] On the other hand, under this quantum dot surface area effect, the active material molecules on the surface of the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material participate in the electrochemical reaction more extensively, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This fast charging technology architecture based on the quantum dot surface area effect significantly accelerates the charging speed. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be significantly accelerated.

[0049] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes: on the substrates 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the single-sided chamber structure, the main chambers 4 and the sub-chambers 6 arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are single-sided micron or nanoscale quantum dot-sized 3D geometric structures; on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the double-sided chamber structure, the main chambers 4 and the sub-chambers 6 arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are double-sided micron or nanoscale quantum dot-sized 3D geometric structures.

[0050] In some embodiments, step S2 includes using a laser lithography forming process or an imprinting forming process to respectively form the quantum dot cavity 3D geometric structures of the main chambers 4 and the sub-chambers 6 on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the cylindrical partition walls 5 of all the main chambers, the inner bottom surfaces 10 of the main chambers, the fin partition walls 7 of all the sub-chambers, and the inner bottom surfaces 13 of the sub-chambers on the substrate 2 are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate.

[0051] In some embodiments, step S3 further includes using a vacuum coating technology to respectively deposit the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partition walls, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partition walls, the inner bottom surfaces 10 of all the main chambers 4, the top surfaces 11 of the fin partition walls, the inner wall surfaces 12 of the fin partition walls, and the inner bottom surfaces 13 of all the sub-chambers 6 on the substrate 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to form a fully covered thin film layer.

[0052] Furthermore, the entire surfaces of the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partition walls of all the main chambers of the positive electrode sheet main chambers 23, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partition walls of the main chambers, the inner bottom surfaces 10 of the main chambers, the top surfaces 11 of the fin partition walls of all the sub-chambers 6, the inner wall surfaces 12 of the fin partition walls of the sub-chambers, and the inner bottom surfaces 13 of the sub-chambers on the substrate 21 of the positive electrode sheet are respectively adhered to the positive electrode surface active material to form a positive electrode with a 3D structure of main chambers and sub-chambers.

[0053] Further, on the substrate 21 of the negative electrode sheet, the top surface 8 of the cylindrical partition of the main chamber of all the main chambers 23 of the negative electrode sheet, the inner wall surface 9 of the cylindrical partition of the main chamber, and the bottom inner surface 10 of the main chamber, and the top surface 11 of the fin partition of all the sub-chambers 6 of the sub-chambers, the inner wall surface 12 of the fin partition of the sub-chamber, and the bottom inner surface 13 of the sub-chamber are all coated with negative electrode surface active material, constituting a negative electrode with a 3D structure of main chamber and sub-chamber.

[0054] Further, the positive electrode surface active material includes lithium ternary, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, etc.

[0055] Further, the negative electrode surface active material includes graphite or mesophase carbon microspheres, etc.

[0056] Further, a metal ion battery pack is composed of multiple battery cell monomers stacked and connected in parallel by repeated lamination; a battery cell monomer is composed of single-sided lamination of "positive electrode + electrolyte + negative electrode" or double-sided lamination of "positive electrode + electrolyte + negative electrode + electrolyte"; the positive electrode is composed of "positive electrode sheet substrate + positive electrode material"; the negative electrode is composed of "negative electrode sheet substrate + negative electrode material"; the electrolyte of the solid-state battery is a solid electrolyte; the electrolyte of the liquid battery is composed of "liquid electrolyte + separator + liquid electrolyte".

[0057] Further, the vacuum coating technology includes chemical vapor deposition technology (CVD), physical vapor deposition technology (PVD), electron beam physical vapor deposition technology (EPVD), etc.

[0058] The above has described the present invention in detail through specific embodiments. These detailed descriptions are only limited to helping those skilled in the art understand the content of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. All kinds of modifications and equivalent transformations made by those skilled in the art under the concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery, characterized in that: It includes a battery positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet. Pole ears (1) and a matrix (2) are provided on the battery positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a plurality of main chambers (4) are provided on the matrix (2); a plurality of sub-chambers (6) are provided inside the main chambers (4). The main chamber (4) is arranged as a cylindrical cavity structure surrounded by a cylindrical partition (5), with one end open and the other end sealed. The sub-chamber (6) is separated by fin partitions (7) provided in the main chamber (4). The matrix (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the top surface (8) of the cylindrical partition of all the main chambers (4) on the matrix (2), the inner wall surface (9) of the cylindrical partition, the bottom surface (10) inside the main chamber, and the top surface (11) of the fin partition, the inner wall surface (12) of the fin partition, and the surface of the bottom surface (13) inside the sub-chamber of all the sub-chambers (6) are respectively attached to the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to form the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

2. The bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical cavity structure of the main chamber (4) includes a composite configuration of cylinders with different numbers of sides or cylinders with different shapes arranged; all the main chambers (4) are arranged on the matrix (2) to form a 3D geometric structure.

3. The bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sub-chamber (6) is separated by fin partitions (7) arranged in the cavity of the main chamber (4) according to geometric methods and shapes. The fin partitions (7) divide the cavity of the main chamber (4) into a plurality of chamber structures with smaller geometric dimensions; a plurality of sub-chambers (6) are arranged in the main chamber (4) to form a 3D geometric structure.

4. The bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The matrix (2) provided with the main chamber (4) and the sub-chamber (6) includes a single-sided chamber structure or a double-sided chamber structure; the single-sided chamber structure means that a 3D geometric structure composed of the main chamber (4) and the sub-chamber (6) is provided on one surface of the matrix (2), and the other surface is a sealed plane; the double-sided chamber structure means that 3D geometric structures composed of the main chamber (4) and the sub-chamber (6) are provided on both surfaces of the matrix (2). The middle position of the plane of the matrix (2) is the partition plane (3) of the double-sided chamber structure, so that the main chambers (4) and the sub-chamber (6) structures on both sides of the matrix (2) are not connected to each other.

5. The bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: All the main chambers (4) on the single-sided chamber structure or double-sided chamber structure of the substrate (2) are symmetrically arranged, and adjacent main chambers (4) are connected by the cylindrical partition plates (5) of the main chambers (4); all the sub-chambers (6) in the main chambers (4) are symmetrically arranged, and adjacent sub-chambers (6) are connected by the fin partition plates (7) of the sub-chambers (6).

6. The bionic quantum dot 3D structure of the metal ion battery according to claim 5, wherein: The thickness of the fin partition plate (7) of the sub-chamber (6) is less than the thickness of the cylindrical partition plate (5) of the main chamber (4), so that the whole substrate (2) can bear good compressive force, provide a mechanical support framework for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material attached to the substrate (2) of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, strengthen the overall physical strength of the battery and the bonding force between the substrate material and the surface active material, and is not easily caused by internal structure collapse.

7. A method for constructing a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery, characterized in that: It includes the following steps S1. Through the bionic principle, based on the human blood vessel structure model and an efficient blood circulation system, a 3D structure topological circuit network structure model system with quantum dot size is constructed on the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate of the metal ion battery, so that the current can reach the micron or nanoscale molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact structure surfaces in the surface active materials on the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate efficiently and widely; S2. According to the topological circuit network structure model system of the quantum dot 3D structure, the main chamber (4) and the sub-chamber (6) structures arranged on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are of micron or nanoscale quantum dot size. S3. Based on the fact that all the main chambers (4) and all the sub-chambers (6) on the matrix (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are 3D geometric structure models with micron or nanometer-sized quantum dot dimensions, a 3D structural configuration relationship of the chambers with quantum dot dimensions is established between the matrix (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. It contains a plurality of main chamber (4) structures and sub-chamber (6) structures. For the positive electrode sheet matrix (21) and the negative electrode sheet matrix (31), the main chamber (4) structures and the sub-chamber (6) structures will serve as electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and forming a power supply electrode for the quantum dot circuit network structure model system; for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particle quantum dot structures with the shape of the sub-chamber (6) are constructed on the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode sheet matrix (21) and the negative electrode sheet matrix (31) with the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. This kind of main chamber (4) and sub-chamber (6) structure creates a technical framework for the huge quantum dot surface area effect condition on the fitting contact interfaces between the electrodes on the positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet matrices and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material; S4. According to the quantum dot surface area effect technical architecture, the quantum dot surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, improves the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, increases the effective space for the electrochemical reaction activity of the positive electrode surface active material, the effective space for the lattice void activity of the negative electrode surface active material, and the effective storage space for metal ions. Under the condition of constant battery volume, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the traditional positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet matrices, the main chamber (4) and sub-chamber (6) structure models on the matrices (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet enable the quantum dot surface area effect to make the current reach the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particle quantum dot contact surfaces in the positive electrode surface active material efficiently and widely, activate a larger number of active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material to participate in the electrochemical reaction, and the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material release a larger total amount of free metal ions and electrons. At the same time, the micron or nanometer-sized molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode surface active material can also provide a larger total amount of lattice voids for free metal ion storage, thereby improving the unit energy density of the battery; On the other hand, under this quantum dot surface area effect, the active material molecules on the surface of the micron- or nanoscale molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material participate in the electrochemical reaction more extensively, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This fast charging technology architecture based on the quantum dot surface area effect significantly accelerates the charging speed. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be significantly accelerated.

8. The method for constructing a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S2 further includes On the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with a single-sided chamber structure, the main chambers (4) and the sub-chambers (6) respectively constructed are single-sided micron- or nanoscale quantum dot-sized 3D geometric structures; on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided chamber structure, the symmetrically arranged main chambers (4) and sub-chambers (6) respectively constructed are double-sided micron- or nanoscale quantum dot-sized 3D geometric structures.

9. The method for constructing a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S2 includes Using a laser lithography forming process or an imprinting forming process to respectively form the quantum dot cavity 3D geometric structures of the main chamber (4) and the sub-chamber (6) on the substrates (31) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the cylindrical partition walls (5) of all the main chambers (4) on the substrate (2), the inner bottom surface (10) of the main chamber, the fin partition walls (7) of all the sub-chambers (6), and the inner bottom surface (13) of the sub-chamber are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate (2).

10. The method for constructing a bionic quantum dot 3D structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that : The step S3 further includes Using a vacuum coating technology to respectively deposit the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the top surfaces (8), inner wall surfaces (9), and inner bottom surfaces (10) of the cylindrical partition walls of all the main chambers (4) on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and on the top surfaces (11), inner wall surfaces (12), and inner bottom surfaces (13) of the fin partition walls of all the sub-chambers (6) to form a fully covered thin film layer.

Images