An automatic switch terminal operation state online detection and automatic repair method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power equipment detection and repair, in particular to an online detection and automatic repair method for the running state of an automatic switch terminal, which sets a fault judgment threshold range and a battery safety threshold range, reads data to determine whether it is within the fault threshold range: if it is within the threshold, it is determined that no fault has occurred, and the battery voltage and temperature are detected to determine whether they are within the safety threshold; if they are not within the threshold, an equalization operation is performed and a re-determination is made; if they are within the threshold, the state is updated; if they are not within the fault threshold, a fault is finely searched, parameters are recorded, and it is analyzed whether it can be automatically repaired; if it can be repaired, it is automatically repaired and the state database is updated; if it cannot be repaired, it is reported to the background. Finally, the state database is detected to determine whether there is a fault that cannot be automatically repaired; if there is, a manual intervention request is sent; if there is not, a fault determination is re-made. If the communication module is dead during automatic repair, it is restarted; if the original super capacitor is damaged, it is seamlessly switched, thereby improving the endurance and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment testing and repair technology, and in particular to a method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals. Background Technology

[0002] In distribution network operation and maintenance, power grid companies face challenges such as long line lengths, large workloads, and high task difficulty, especially in safety management and violation investigation. However, feeder terminals operate continuously for extended periods, increasing the probability of malfunctions. Traditional manual maintenance methods are labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0003] Existing patent CN119125783A discloses a distribution network fault location method based on FTU, including the following steps: acquiring electrical signals from the distribution network using an FTU, obtaining electrical acquisition signals, and digitizing the electrical acquisition signals to obtain electrical parameters; mapping the electrical parameters onto a preset electrical parameter-time coordinate system, and plotting the electrical parameters on the electrical parameter-time coordinate system to obtain a visualization curve; monitoring whether there are any abnormal phenomena on the visualization curve of the electrical parameter-time coordinate system, and if there are abnormal phenomena, marking the abnormal areas corresponding to the abnormal phenomena to obtain a visualization marking curve; obtaining the time of the abnormal point based on the abnormal phenomena on the visualization marking curve, and obtaining the distribution network fault location based on the time of the abnormal point and the propagation speed of the electrical acquisition signals; solving the technical problems of high workload and low efficiency of manual maintenance methods.

[0004] However, existing FTUs lack the ability to monitor battery health in real time, thus failing to provide a basis for battery replacement. This makes it impossible to take timely measures when battery performance deteriorates, increasing safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online detection and automatic repair method for the operating status of automated switching terminals, solving the problem that existing FTUs lack real-time monitoring capabilities for battery health, thus failing to provide a basis for battery replacement. This makes it impossible to take timely measures when battery performance deteriorates, increasing safety risks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Read the battery voltage and temperature of the automated switch terminal to determine whether they are within the battery safety threshold range, and decide whether to implement equalization operation based on whether they are within the battery safety threshold range to ensure that all battery cells work stably.

[0008] Set a fault judgment threshold range and perform status detection on the automated switch terminal to determine whether the collected data is within the set fault judgment threshold range. If so, perform battery status detection; otherwise, perform fine-grained fault finding, record relevant parameters and transmit them to the terminal, and determine whether to perform automatic repair.

[0009] The process involves reading the battery voltage and temperature at the automated switch terminal to determine if they are within the battery safety threshold range. This determination then informs the implementation of a battery equalization operation to ensure stable operation of all battery cells. The preceding steps include:

[0010] Read the operating status information data of the energy storage module, communication module, and terminal.

[0011] The process involves reading the battery voltage and temperature from the automated switch terminal to determine if they are within the battery safety threshold range. This determination then informs the implementation of a battery equalization operation to ensure stable operation of all battery cells. Specific steps include:

[0012] Read battery voltage V (battery) and temperature T (battery) ;

[0013] Determine if the battery voltage and temperature are within the battery safety threshold range:

[0014] V (min) <V (battery) <V (max)

[0015] T (min) <T (battery) <T (max)

[0016] If the battery is outside the safety threshold range, a balancing operation will be performed.

[0017] After the equalization operation is completed, the battery voltage and temperature of the automatic switch terminal are reread and it is determined whether they are within the battery safety threshold range to decide whether to perform the equalization operation, so as to ensure that all battery cells work stably.

[0018] The process involves setting a fault judgment threshold range and performing status detection on the automated switch terminal to determine if the collected data falls within the set threshold range. If so, battery status detection is performed; otherwise, a refined fault search is conducted, relevant parameters are recorded and transmitted to the terminal, and a determination is made as to whether automatic repair is required.

[0019] Fault diagnosis includes fault diagnosis of energy storage module status, fault diagnosis of communication module status, and fault diagnosis of terminal operation status.

[0020] The process involves setting a fault judgment threshold range and performing status detection on the automated switch terminal to determine if the collected data falls within the set threshold range. If so, battery status detection is performed; otherwise, a refined fault search is conducted, relevant parameters are recorded and transmitted to the terminal, and a decision is made on whether to perform automatic repair. Specific steps include:

[0021] Determine whether the collected data is within the set fault judgment threshold range. If not, narrow down the fault range by analyzing the fault information. If a module parameter exceeds the set fault judgment threshold range, mark the module as a fault module.

[0022] Identify the faulty module and record the relevant parameters;

[0023] Generate corresponding module fault signals based on the fault status;

[0024] Transmit the mapping information of each module to the built-in communication module;

[0025] The built-in communication module transmits fault information to the terminal;

[0026] The terminal determines the type of fault.

[0027] After the terminal determines the fault type and confirms that a fault has occurred, the specific steps include:

[0028] The system determines whether the fault type can be automatically repaired. If it can be automatically repaired, the system performs the automatic repair operation and reports to the backend to update the status database. If it cannot be automatically repaired, the system reports to the backend to update the status database. The specific steps after the terminal determines the fault type include:

[0029] Determine if the fault type can be automatically repaired; if not, send the fault location information.

[0030] Generate an anomaly report;

[0031] Send a request for manual intervention;

[0032] Update the status database;

[0033] Send a request for manual intervention;

[0034] Waiting for rescuers.

[0035] This invention provides an online detection and automatic repair method for automated switch terminals. It automatically monitors the operating status of the feeder terminal's energy storage module, includes a built-in battery power monitoring function, assesses the energy storage module's lifespan based on real-time monitoring data, and sends early warning information to the backend. An alarm is triggered when the battery power drops below 20% (the lifespan alarm threshold can be set independently), and the information is sent to the master station via the FTU's original encrypted channel (backup point). In the event of a power outage or planned power failure, if the original supercapacitor is insufficient or damaged, it can seamlessly switch to become the FTU's backup power source, replacing the original power module, and sending information to the master station via the FTU's original encrypted channel (backup point). This enables feeder... The system automatically monitors abnormal terminal operation, proactively detects anomalies, and pinpoints the module causing the anomaly. Based on the anomaly type, it determines whether a built-in repair operation can be performed. Upon successful repair, it sends event processing information to the backend. If repair is unsuccessful, it sends location information to the backend to notify maintenance personnel, minimizing feeder terminal maintenance time and enabling rapid power restoration to reduce outages. It also enriches and improves feeder terminal operating status information, including power status, abnormal operating conditions, communication anomalies, device fault risk assessment, and early warning. All status information is transmitted to the backend in real time for maintenance personnel, enabling scientific, rational, and efficient proactive maintenance. The original FTU-equipped supercapacitor had a short battery life, making remote control difficult in remote areas. This method achieves a system battery life of approximately 20 hours, solving the short battery life problem. Furthermore, the system has an IP67 waterproof rating, allowing for water penetration and resolving condensation issues. Ultimately, it achieves maintenance-free operation with high temperature resistance up to +85℃, ensuring long-term operational stability, and automatic self-healing for terminal and encrypted communication module malfunctions. To prevent the automatic self-healing function of the distribution network from causing power outage losses or expanding the scope of the power outage fault, resulting in adverse social impact. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the online detection and automatic repair method for automated switch terminals according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is the battery passive balancing circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is the control circuit diagram of the battery passive balancing circuit of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the battery balancing module power supply of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the online detection and automatic repair method for automated switch terminals according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 5 ,in, Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the online detection and automatic repair method for automated switch terminals according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is the battery passive balancing circuit diagram of the present invention. Figure 3 This is the control circuit diagram of the battery passive balancing circuit of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the battery balancing module power supply of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the online detection and automatic repair method for automated switch terminals according to the present invention.

[0044] in, Figure 2 The circuit is a passive battery balancing circuit, used for battery power balancing. The main control chip is BQ7693003DBTR, which is used for battery power and voltage management. It controls whether the dissipation resistor is connected by controlling the MOSFET in the control circuit. When the power of a certain battery is higher than the average value, the circuit is connected to consume the power of that battery. Figure 3 The main control chip in the circuit diagram is the W806, used for the main control part of the battery passive balancing circuit. The main control chip controls the state of the MOSFETs in the battery passive balancing circuit by controlling an isolation optocoupler (an electronic component that achieves electrical isolation through optical signal transmission, mainly used to transmit signals between two circuits while avoiding direct electrical connection between them, thus protecting the circuit from high voltage, noise, or ground loops). This achieves the effect of passively dissipating and balancing the battery's charge. Differential signal communication (with advantages such as long transmission distance and resistance to interference) is achieved through an RS-485 chip, maintaining constant communication between the W806 and the outside world. An RTC device is used to ensure that the W806's communication clock frequency is consistent with the external environment, making it easier to maintain communication. Figure 4 The circuit diagram is used when powering the battery equalization module. The relays in the diagram are used to control the direction of battery power supply, so as to facilitate powering different modules under different conditions.

[0045] This invention provides a method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S101: First, set the fault judgment threshold range and the battery safety threshold range, and then perform fault judgment. By reading information data such as the energy storage module, communication module, and terminal operating status, determine whether the collected data is within the fault judgment threshold range. If it is within the fault judgment threshold range, it is initially determined that no fault has occurred and battery status detection is performed.

[0047] S102: Read the battery voltage and temperature of the automatic switch terminal, and determine whether they are within the battery safety threshold range. If they are within the battery safety threshold range, update the status database (status). If they are not within the battery safety threshold range, perform a balancing operation to ensure that the output voltage of all battery cells is balanced (stable operation).

[0048] Specifically, high-precision sensors are used to monitor the electrical parameters of the power distribution network in real time, including voltage U(t), current I(t), and power P(t). The formula for calculating electrical power is: P (t) =U (t) |·I (t) |·cos(φ), where φ is the phase difference between voltage and current. In the battery management of the energy storage device associated with the automated switch unit (FTU), the BQ7693003DBTR chip monitors the battery voltage and temperature to ensure the battery operates within its safe threshold range. The STM32F103C8T6 main control chip performs battery balancing and management according to the following logic:

[0049] Monitor battery status:

[0050] Read battery voltage V (battery) and temperature T (battery) .

[0051] Determine if the battery voltage and temperature are within the battery safety threshold range:

[0052] V (min) <V (battery) <V (max)

[0053] T (min) <T (battery) <T (max)

[0054] Perform a load balancing operation:

[0055] If the battery voltages are uneven, meaning that the voltage of one battery cell is higher than that of other cells, an equalization operation is initiated. For battery cells with higher voltage, their voltage can be reduced by discharging or decreasing the charging current; for battery cells with lower voltage, their voltage can be increased by increasing the charging current or by connecting other battery cells in parallel.

[0056] After the equalization operation is completed, the battery status is re-monitored to ensure that all battery cells are working stably.

[0057] S103: Set the fault judgment threshold range and perform status detection on the automated switch terminal. Determine whether the collected data is within the fault judgment threshold range. If yes, update the status database. If no, trigger the fine-grained fault search operation and transmit the fault information to the terminal. Determine whether automatic repair is possible. If automatic repair is possible, report to the background to update the status database. If automatic repair is not possible, report to the background to update the status database.

[0058] Specifically, first, set the thresholds for normal operation, such as the normal range of voltage and current. Once the monitored parameters exceed these thresholds, it will be judged as a fault.

[0059] Judgment conditions:

[0060] U (min) (t) (max)

[0061] I (min) (t) (max)

[0062] When the detected value exceeds the set threshold range for normal operation, an alarm is triggered, and the time of the fault and related parameters are recorded.

[0063] The FTU device employs a modular design, with each module responsible for a specific function, such as power management and communication. When a fault is detected, the module where the fault occurred is first identified. The operating status of each module is monitored in real time, and changes in electrical parameters are recorded. Fault diagnosis includes reading information data from energy storage modules, communication modules, and terminal operating statuses. Once the parameters of a module exceed the normal range, that module is marked as faulty. When a communication module or terminal is detected to be in a suspended state, such as no response or interrupted data transmission, this state is immediately recorded and a self-healing mechanism is triggered. Analysis of faulty modules can narrow down the scope of the fault. For example, if a module on the motherboard fails, monitoring parameters such as the module's voltage and current can determine if the fault is related to that module, thus limiting the scope of the fault. Analyzing the specific parameter changes of the faulty module determines the nature of the fault, such as short circuit or overload, and determines the scope of its impact. Judgment condition: "Fault" if S (f) =1 "Normal" if S (f) =0. During the fault screening process, the faulty module was identified and its relevant parameters were recorded. Assume the state of the faulty module is S. (f) ,but:

[0064] ​​​​

[0065] Based on the fault status, generate the corresponding module identifier bit signal S. (signal) This is to convey fault information. The signal generation logic is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] The generated module identifier signal is sent to the built-in communication module. The logical judgment in this process is as follows:

[0068] Judgment conditions:

[0069] If S (signal) If generation is successful, it will be sent to the built-in communication module.

[0070] Internally, the system transmits the mapping information of each module name and its corresponding module identifier to the built-in communication module via the 485 communication protocol. The 485 communication protocol uses differential signal transmission, which effectively resists electromagnetic interference. Differential signal transmission can be represented as:

[0071] V (diff) =V (A) +V (B)

[0072] Among them, V (A) and V (B) These represent the voltages of the two signal lines, respectively.

[0073] The FTU's built-in communication module transmits signals wirelessly to the terminal. The terminal then determines the type of fault, such as a short circuit or overload, based on changes in electrical parameters, and identifies the affected area. This helps maintenance personnel quickly locate faults and develop appropriate maintenance plans.

[0074] Upon detecting a module failure, the system automatically switches to the backup power supply. The main power supply status is set to S. (m) The backup power supply status is S. (b) The self-healing condition is:

[0075]

[0076] Upon detecting a frozen state, the FTU device will attempt to automatically restart the faulty module. Restarting clears temporary errors that may have caused the frozen state and restores normal operation. If restarting fails, the faulty module is automatically isolated, and an alarm signal is sent to the master station, prompting maintenance personnel to conduct further investigation. Simultaneously, the operating status of other modules continues to be monitored to ensure the overall stability of the system.

[0077] After the fault is isolated and the system switches to backup power, the operating status of the power distribution network continues to be monitored to ensure power supply stability. The LCD screen displays real-time information such as battery voltage, power supply time, and temperature, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly understand the equipment status. Simultaneously, monitoring data is uploaded to the cloud platform via a wireless communication module for remote monitoring and management.

[0078] After a module failure occurs, detailed information about the failure is recorded, including the failure type, occurrence time, duration, and recovery time. This data will be used for subsequent failure analysis and system optimization, helping operations and maintenance personnel improve maintenance strategies and enhance system reliability.

[0079] After a module failure occurs, each failure event and its handling process are recorded in the system log for subsequent analysis and troubleshooting. Maintenance personnel can analyze this data to identify potential failure modes and implement targeted improvements. Simultaneously, the health status of the FTU device's battery and module is regularly checked to ensure timely action is taken when problems arise, reducing the occurrence of module failures.

[0080] This invention enables intelligent monitoring, fault detection, location, and automatic recovery of power distribution networks. It not only improves the reliability and automation level of the power distribution network but also significantly reduces operation and maintenance costs, meeting the demands of modern power distribution networks for efficient and intelligent management. Through the collaborative operation of the BQ7693003DBTR and STM32F103C8T6, safe battery management and balancing are ensured, further enhancing the overall system performance.

[0081] Effects of the invention:

[0082] Product Scope and Installation Advantages: Systems using this method are suitable for FTUs from various manufacturers and support both internal and external installation modes. Its design allows for maintenance-free operation after installation, significantly reducing maintenance costs. For example, in a district of Guangzhou, after installing this device, on-site construction was convenient and quick, enabling rapid modification without altering the original manufacturer's design, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0083] Uninterrupted Power Supply Retrofitting and Comprehensive Testing: A significant advantage of systems using this method is the ability to perform retrofitting without power interruption, ensuring comprehensive testing of the FTU's operational status and encrypted communication modules. In practical applications, systems using this method can monitor the power module's operating status in real time and automatically issue alarms upon detecting anomalies. For example, in one city, the installation of systems using this method enabled real-time monitoring of the power processing module's health, avoiding the risk of power outages due to module damage, addressing on-site pain points, and improving efficiency.

[0084] The system using this method effectively solved several field pain points in various regions, such as the lack of guidelines for lead-acid battery replacement and the damage to power management modules due to prolonged operation. In a district of Guangzhou, after installing and implementing the system using this method, the real-time monitoring of the power module's operation enabled timely detection and handling of anomalies, reducing workload and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the introduction of a self-healing function improved troubleshooting efficiency and reduced power outage time and scope.

[0085] The effectiveness of systems using this method has been verified through application in different regions. For example, in a city in Guangdong Province, after installing and using this method, the operating time of the power management module was extended, and the malfunctions of the communication module and terminals were resolved, avoiding the need for indiscriminate replacement of spare parts. Experimental data shows that power outage time was reduced by 70%, maintenance costs were reduced by 60%, and the overall online automation rate of the distribution network was improved.

[0086] Systems using this method significantly improve the reliability and economic efficiency of distribution networks through their maintenance-free design, rapid installation capabilities, and real-time monitoring functions. In the future, with continuous technological advancements, this system is expected to be applied in a wider range of fields, providing stronger guarantees for power system stability and user satisfaction.

[0087] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Read the battery voltage and temperature of the automated switch terminal to determine whether they are within the battery safety threshold range. If they are within the battery safety threshold range, update the status database. If they are not within the battery safety threshold range, perform a balancing operation to ensure that the output voltage of all battery cells is balanced. Set a fault judgment threshold range and perform status detection on the automated switch terminal to determine whether the collected data is within the fault judgment threshold range. If so, update the status database. If not, trigger a fine-grained fault search operation and transmit fault information to the terminal. Determine whether automatic repair is possible. If automatic repair is possible, report to the background to update the status database. If automatic repair is not possible, report to the background to update the status database. The method further includes: setting a fault judgment threshold range, and performing status detection on the automated switch terminal to determine whether the collected data is within the set fault judgment threshold range. If so, status detection is performed; otherwise, a refined fault search is performed. By analyzing the faulty module, the scope of the fault is narrowed down. Fault diagnosis includes energy storage module fault diagnosis, communication module fault diagnosis, and terminal operation status fault diagnosis.

2. The method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery voltage and temperature at the automated switch terminal are read to determine if they are within the battery safety threshold range. This determination then informs the implementation of a battery equalization operation to ensure stable operation of all battery cells. Previous steps include: Read the operating status information data of the energy storage module, communication module, and terminal.

3. The method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system reads the battery voltage and temperature from the automated switch terminal to determine if they are within the battery safety threshold range. Based on this determination, it decides whether to implement a battery equalization operation to ensure stable operation of all battery cells. Specific steps include: Read battery voltage and temperature ; Determine if the battery voltage and temperature are within the battery safety threshold range: < < < < If the battery is outside the safety threshold range, perform a battery balancing operation. After the equalization operation is completed, the fault diagnosis is re-performed. If no fault occurs, the status detection is re-performed. The battery voltage and temperature of the automatic switch terminal are read to determine whether to perform the equalization operation, ensuring that all battery cells work stably.

4. The method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Set a fault judgment threshold range and perform status detection on the automated switch terminal to determine whether the collected data falls within the set fault judgment threshold range. If so, perform battery status detection; otherwise, perform fine-grained fault finding, record relevant parameters, transmit them to the terminal, and determine whether to perform automatic repair. Specific steps include: Determine whether the collected data is within the set fault judgment threshold range. If not, narrow down the fault range by analyzing the fault information. If a module parameter exceeds the set fault judgment threshold range, mark the module as a fault module. Identify the faulty module and record the relevant parameters; Generate corresponding module fault signals based on the fault status; Transmit the mapping information of each module to the built-in communication module; The built-in communication module transmits fault information to the terminal; The terminal determines the type of fault.

5. The method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After the terminal determines the fault type and confirms that a fault has occurred, the specific steps include: Determine if the fault type can be automatically repaired. If the communication module is frozen, restart the communication module to restore normal communication function. If the original supercapacitor is low on power or damaged, it can be seamlessly switched to FTU backup power supply, and the abnormal information is stored and reported to the background system. The backend system updates the status database.

6. The method for online detection and automatic repair of the operating status of automated switch terminals as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After the terminal determines the fault type, the specific steps include: Determine if the fault type can be automatically repaired; if not, send the fault location information. Generate an anomaly report; Send a request for manual intervention; Update the status database; Send a request for manual intervention; Waiting for rescuers.

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