Dry-type adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment and purification process

Abstract

The invention discloses dry-type adsorption and degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment and a purification process, and relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment.The dry-type adsorption and degradation purification equipment comprises a dry-type purification cabin, a mechanical filter screen is detachably installed in the dry-type purification cabin, and a cleaning assembly is further arranged in the dry-type purification cabin; a grading assembly, a catalytic degradation unit and an adsorption unit are arranged in the dry type purification cabin, a control unit is further installed on the dry type purification cabin, an assembly block and a synchronous block are arranged on the outer side of the mechanical filter screen, an assembly groove is formed in the dry type purification cabin, and the cleaning assembly is jointly composed of a reciprocating piece, a guide piece and a driving piece. The reciprocating piece comprises a reciprocating sliding block connected in the dry type purification cabin in a sliding mode, in the using process, the mechanical filter screen is driven by the reciprocating sliding block to do reciprocating motion with gaps in a pause mode, dust on the filter screen is further cleaned through inertia, and the automatic filter screen cleaning process is achieved. Therefore, the requirement of manual maintenance is reduced, and the maintenance cost and workload are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and particularly to a dry adsorption degradation purification device and purification process for laboratory waste gas treatment. Background Art

[0002] In modern laboratories, activities such as chemical experiments, biological experiments, and materials science experiments are frequently carried out. Inevitably, a large amount of waste gas containing harmful substances will be generated during these experimental processes.

[0003] For example, volatile organic compounds, acidic gases, alkaline gases, dust, etc. If these waste gases are directly discharged without treatment, they will not only cause serious pollution to the environment, but also pose potential hazards to the health of laboratory staff. Currently, common waste gas treatment methods include wet scrubbing, biological filtration, activated carbon adsorption, etc. However, these methods have some limitations. For example, wet scrubbing equipment requires a large amount of water resources and will produce secondary pollution; biological filtration equipment has a low treatment efficiency and high requirements for environmental conditions. Traditional wet scrubbing and biological filtration equipment have complex structures and require regular replacement and treatment of waste water or biological fillers, which increases the operating cost and management difficulty.

[0004] Therefore, laboratories usually choose dry treatment equipment that is easier to maintain. However, existing dry equipment usually uses a mechanical filter screen to pre-treat the inhaled air, but large particle dust and impurities contained in the waste gas are likely to block the filter screen, resulting in a reduction in the operating efficiency of the equipment and the need for frequent cleaning of the filter screen, increasing the maintenance cost and workload. In addition, the impurities in the waste gas cannot be classified and collected, and cannot be classified and treated according to the particle size of the impurities, resulting in a more complicated subsequent classification treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a dry adsorption degradation purification device and purification process for laboratory waste gas treatment. The problems to be solved are that existing dry waste gas treatment equipment often uses a mechanical filter screen to pre-treat the inhaled air, but large particle dust and impurities in the waste gas are likely to block the filter screen, requiring frequent cleaning of the filter screen. At the same time, these equipment cannot classify and collect impurities in the waste gas according to the particle size and classify and treat them, making the subsequent treatment process complicated.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A dry adsorption degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment, comprising a dry purification chamber, in which a mechanical filter screen for physical filtration is detachably installed, and a cleaning component for cleaning the dust of the mechanical filter screen is further provided in the dry purification chamber. A grading component for impurity grading and waste gas treatment, a catalytic degradation unit and an adsorption unit are respectively provided in the dry purification chamber, and a control unit for controlling the device is further installed on the dry purification chamber.

[0008] An assembly block and a synchronous block are integrally formed on the outer side of the mechanical filter screen, and an assembly groove for the limited sliding of the assembly block is formed in the dry purification chamber. A cabin door is further detachably installed at one end of the dry purification chamber close to the mechanical filter screen.

[0009] The cleaning component is jointly composed of a reciprocating member, a guiding member and a driving member. The reciprocating member includes a reciprocating slider slidably connected in the dry purification chamber and driven by the driving member. An L-shaped block corresponding to the synchronous block is slidably connected in the reciprocating slider, and a spring is provided below the block in the reciprocating slider.

[0010] The guiding member includes a guiding slide rail corresponding to the reciprocating slider. A limiting slide rail corresponding to the reciprocating slider is slidably connected in the guiding slide rail, and a sliding groove for the limited sliding of the reciprocating slider is formed in the limiting slide rail.

[0011] The driving member includes a dust collection drawer detachably installed in the dry purification chamber and located below the mechanical filter screen, and the guiding slide rail is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection drawer.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the dry adsorption degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment of the present invention, wherein: the guiding slide rail further includes limiting blocks symmetrically distributed at both ends of the limiting slide rail and adapted to the sliding groove, and the reciprocating slider is located between the limiting blocks. Threaded shafts corresponding to the limiting blocks are also rotated at both ends of the limiting slide rail, and one end of the threaded shaft protruding from the limiting slide rail is threadedly engaged with the limiting block.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the dry adsorption degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment of the present invention, wherein: the driving member includes a double-shaft motor fixedly installed in the dust collection drawer and electrically connected to the control unit. The output shafts of the double-shaft motor are drivingly connected with transmission rods. Swing arms are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the transmission rod. One end of the swing arm far from the transmission rod is hinged to a connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod far from the swing arm is hinged to the corresponding reciprocating slider.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to the present invention, wherein: a gas distributor corresponding to the mechanical filter is fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber, and an exhaust port for discharging gas is further provided at one end of the dry purification chamber away from the chamber door.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to the present invention, wherein: the grading component includes a first filter tank fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber, a second filter tank is fixedly installed in the first filter tank, and one end of the pipeline in the gas distributor passing through the first filter tank is located in the second filter tank. A grading chamber is provided between the first filter tank and the second filter tank, and a first slag discharge pipe connected to the grading chamber is installed on the first filter tank.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to the present invention, wherein: the second filter tank is provided with second filter holes distributed in an annular array, and the second filter tank is connected to the grading chamber through the second filter holes. A second slag discharge pipe connected to the second filter tank is installed on the second filter tank. A sterilization tank is fixedly installed at the top of the first filter tank. The first filter tank is also provided with a first filter hole connected to the sterilization tank and having a smaller aperture than the second filter hole. An ultraviolet sterilization lamp electrically connected to the control unit is provided in the sterilization tank.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to the present invention, wherein: the catalytic degradation unit includes a catalytic tank fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber. The pipeline in the sterilization tank is located at the top of the catalytic tank. A degradation layer in a honeycomb shape and distributed along the axial direction of the catalytic tank is further provided in the catalytic tank. A temperature controller electrically connected to the control unit is also provided in the catalytic tank.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to the present invention, wherein: the adsorption unit includes an adsorption tank fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber. The bottom end of the adsorption tank is connected to the pipeline in the catalytic tank, and a fan is connected to the top end of the adsorption tank through a pipeline. An activated carbon fiber layer distributed along the axial direction of the adsorption tank is further provided in the adsorption tank. A spoiler in a corrugated structure is also provided between the activated carbon fiber layers. The adsorption tank is connected to the exhaust port through a pipeline.

[0019] A purification process for a dry adsorption degradation equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment includes the following steps: Step 1, open the chamber door, allow the waste gas to enter the dry purification chamber, and perform preliminary filtration through the mechanical filter.

[0020] Step 2, when a certain amount of dust accumulates on the mechanical filter screen and needs to be cleaned, close the hatch, start the double-shaft motor, make the reciprocating slider reciprocate in the chute, and drive the mechanical filter screen to move at the same time to clean the dust on the filter screen.

[0021] Step 3, rotate the threaded shaft, adjust the position of the limit block in the limit slide rail, change the movement range of the reciprocating slider, and achieve the stop of the movement through the distance of the chute, and further clean the dust on the mechanical filter screen by using inertia.

[0022] Step 4, the preliminarily filtered waste gas enters the second filter tank through the gas distributor, and impurity classification treatment is carried out in the first filter tank and the second filter tank, and then enters the sterilization tank to sterilize the waste gas through the ultraviolet sterilization lamp to remove microorganisms.

[0023] Step 5, the sterilized waste gas enters the catalytic tank, undergoes catalytic degradation in the degradation layer, then enters the adsorption tank, and is adsorbed and purified through the activated carbon fiber layer and the spoiler. Finally, the purified waste gas is discharged through the exhaust port.

[0024] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention drives the mechanical filter screen to perform a reciprocating motion with intermittent pauses through the reciprocating slider, and further cleans the dust on the filter screen by using inertia, realizing an automated filter screen cleaning process. This reduces the need for manual maintenance, effectively reducing the maintenance cost and workload.

[0025] 2. The present invention utilizes the coordinated work of the first filter tank and the second filter tank to effectively classify impurities with different particle sizes in the waste gas, optimizes the filtering effect, improves the removal rate of impurities, and facilitates subsequent separation and treatment steps.

[0026] 3. The present invention combines the catalytic action of the degradation layer in the catalytic tank with the adsorption function of the activated carbon fiber layer in the adsorption tank to deeply treat harmful gases and residual pollutants in the waste gas, significantly improving the thoroughness of waste gas treatment and enhancing the purification quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a sectional three-dimensional view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 Structural diagram of the combined installation of the mechanical filter screen and the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 Structural diagram of the combined installation of the driving component and the guiding component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 Cross-sectional structural diagram of the combined installation of the guiding component and the reciprocating component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 Structural diagram of the combined installation of the grading component and the catalytic degradation unit of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 Cross-sectional structural diagram of the combined installation of the grading component and the catalytic degradation unit of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 Process flow diagram of the purification of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Dry purification chamber; 101. Assembly groove; 102. Hatch; 103. Gas distributor; 104. Exhaust port; 2. Mechanical filter screen; 201. Assembly block; 202. Synchronization block; 3. Cleaning component; 301. Reciprocating slider; 3011. Spring; 3012. Clamping block; 302. Guide slide rail; 3021. Limit slide rail; 3022. Chute; 3023. Limit block; 3024. Threaded shaft; 303. Dust collection drawer; 3031. Biaxial motor; 3032. Transmission rod; 3033. Swing arm; 3034. Connecting rod; 4. Grading component; 401. First filter tank; 4011. Grading chamber; 4012. First slag discharge pipe; 4013. First filter hole; 402. Second filter tank; 4021. Second filter hole; 4022. Second slag discharge pipe; 403. Sterilization tank; 4031. Ultraviolet sterilization lamp; 5. Catalytic degradation unit; 501. Catalytic tank; 502. Degradation layer; 503. Temperature controller; 6. Adsorption unit; 601. Adsorption tank; 602. Fan; 603. Activated carbon fiber layer; 604. Turbulence plate; 7. Control unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention disclose a dry adsorption and degradation purification device and a purification process for laboratory waste gas treatment. Embodiment

[0039] Refer to Figures 1-5, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a dry adsorption degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment. This dry adsorption degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment includes a dry purification chamber 1. A mechanical filter screen 2 for physical filtration is detachably installed in the dry purification chamber 1. A cleaning component 3 for cleaning the dust of the mechanical filter screen 2 is also provided in the dry purification chamber 1. A grading component 4 for impurity grading and waste gas treatment, a catalytic degradation unit 5, and an adsorption unit 6 are respectively provided in the dry purification chamber 1. A control unit 7 for controlling the device is also installed on the dry purification chamber 1. An integrally formed assembly block 201 and a synchronous block 202 are respectively provided on the outer side of the mechanical filter screen 2. And an assembly groove 101 for limiting the sliding of the assembly block 201 is provided in the dry purification chamber 1. A hatch door 102 is also detachably installed at one end of the dry purification chamber 1 close to the mechanical filter screen 2. The cleaning component 3 is jointly composed of a reciprocating member, a guiding member, and a driving member. The reciprocating member includes a reciprocating slider 301 slidably connected in the dry purification chamber 1 and driven by the driving member. A L-shaped clamping block 3012 corresponding to the synchronous block 202 is slidably connected in the reciprocating slider 301. A spring 3011 is provided below the clamping block 3012 in the reciprocating slider 301. The guiding member includes a guiding slide rail 302 corresponding to the reciprocating slider 301. A limiting slide rail 3021 corresponding to the reciprocating slider 301 is slidably connected in the guiding slide rail 302. And a chute 3022 for limiting the sliding of the reciprocating slider 301 is provided in the limiting slide rail 3021. The driving member includes a dust collection drawer 303 detachably installed in the dry purification chamber 1 and located below the mechanical filter screen 2. And the guiding slide rail 302 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection drawer 303. The dry purification chamber 1 serves as the main housing of the device, which is used to accommodate all components and is a closed mechanism, and its sealing performance meets the parameters for laboratory waste gas treatment. The mechanical filter screen 2 captures and filters large particulate matter in the waste gas through physical filtration. The assembly block 201 is used to assist the assembly of the mechanical filter screen 2 and the assembly groove 101 in the dry purification chamber 1. The synchronous block 202 can keep synchronous movement with the reciprocating slider 301 after being clamped with the clamping block 3012, so that the mechanical filter screen 2 can operate stably in the assembly groove 101. When in the purification state, the hatch door 102 is in the open state, exposing the mechanical filter screen 2 to the air. When in the cleaning state, it is in the closed state, thus avoiding the overflow of the cleaned dust. The reciprocating slider 301 can drive the mechanical filter screen 2 to perform reciprocating movement in the guiding member to clean the dust on the mechanical filter screen 2 through the transmission of driving power. The clamping block 3012 can complete the clamping with the synchronous block 202 through the extension of the spring 3011, thus completing the assembly between the reciprocating slider 301 and the mechanical filter screen 2. The reciprocating slider 301 can perform reciprocating movement in the chute 3022 of the limiting slide rail 3021, and the limiting slide rail 3021 can perform reciprocating movement in the guiding slide rail 302. The dust collection drawer 303 is used to collect the cleaned dust and impurities and provide support for the guiding slide rail 302, and when being pulled out from the dry purification chamber 1, the connected mechanical filter screen 2 is synchronously pulled out, thus facilitating the cleaning of the dust on the filter screen.Avoid frequent maintenance and cleaning of the filter.

[0040] The guide rail 302 also includes limit blocks 3023 symmetrically distributed at both ends of the limit rail 3021 and adapted to the slide groove 3022, and the reciprocating slider 301 is located between the limit blocks 3023, and the two ends of the limit rail 3021 are also connected with threaded shafts 3024 corresponding to the limit blocks 3023, and one end of the threaded shaft 3024 protruding from the limit rail 3021 is threadedly connected to the limit block 3023, and the limit block 3023 is used to limit the movement distance of the reciprocating slider 301 in the slide groove 3022, and the position of the limit block 3023 in the limit rail 3021 can be adjusted by rotating the threaded shaft 3024, thereby changing the movement distance of the reciprocating slider 301 in the slide groove 3022, and the movement is stopped by the distance of the slide groove 3022, so that the reciprocating slider 301 can perform reciprocating motion with intermittent pauses, and use inertia to further clean the dust on the mechanical filter 2.

[0041] The driving member includes a dual-axis motor 3031 fixedly installed in the dust collecting bin 303 and electrically connected to the control unit 7. The output shaft of the dual-axis motor 3031 is connected to a transmission rod 3032. Swing arms 3033 are fixedly installed at both ends of the transmission rod 3032. The end of the swing arm 3033 away from the transmission rod 3032 is hingedly connected to a connecting rod 3034, and the end of the connecting rod 3034 away from the swing arm 3033 is hingedly connected to the corresponding reciprocating slider 301. The dual-axis motor 3031 is used to drive the transmission rod 3032 to rotate and can be pulled out of the dry purification cabin 1 together with the dust collecting bin 303. The swing arm 3033 can convert the rotational motion into reciprocating motion by cooperating with the connecting rod 3034, and transmit the motion to the reciprocating slider 301, so as to realize the synchronous movement of the mechanical filter 2 driven by the reciprocating slider 301.

[0042] When the laboratory waste gas is treated and purified, the waste gas first enters through the open door 102 of the dry purification chamber 1, so that the mechanical filter 2 exposed to the air captures and filters the large particles in the waste gas through physical filtration, and when assembling the mechanical filter 2, the assembly block 201 can be used to assist the mechanical filter 2 in assembling with the assembly slot 101 in the dry purification chamber 1.

[0043] When it is necessary to clean the dust on the mechanical filter screen 2, the hatch 102 is closed to prevent dust from spilling out during the cleaning process. The double-shaft motor 3031 in the driving member is started, and the reciprocating slider 301 reciprocates in the chute 3022 of the limit slide rail 3021, driving the mechanical filter screen 2 to reciprocate to clean the dust. Before that, the clamping block 3012 can be clamped with the synchronization block 202 through the extension of the spring 3011 to complete the assembly between the reciprocating slider 301 and the mechanical filter screen 2. At the end of the cleaning, the dust collection drawer 303 is pulled out from the dry purification chamber 1, and the connected mechanical filter screen 2 is synchronously pulled out, which is convenient for cleaning the dust on the filter screen and reduces the frequent maintenance of the filter screen.

[0044] Meanwhile, by rotating the threaded shaft 3024, the position of the limit block 3023 in the limit slide rail 3021 can be adjusted, thereby changing the moving distance of the reciprocating slider 301 in the chute 3022, so that the limit block 3023 restricts the moving distance of the reciprocating slider 301 in the chute 3022. When contacting the limit block 3023, the limit slide rail 3021 is pushed to move in the guiding slide rail 302 to achieve the stop of the movement, and the inertia is utilized to further clean the dust on the mechanical filter screen 2.

[0045] During this process, the output shaft of the double-shaft motor 3031 drives the transmission rod 3032 to rotate in the dust collection drawer 303, and drives the swing arms 3033 at both ends to rotate. Through the cooperation of the swing arms 3033 and the connecting rod 3034, the rotary motion is converted into a reciprocating motion, and the motion is transmitted to the reciprocating slider 301 through the connecting rod 3034, thereby realizing the synchronous movement of the reciprocating slider 301 driving the mechanical filter screen 2. Embodiment

[0046] Refer to Figures 1-8 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a gas distributor 103 corresponding to the mechanical filter screen 2 is fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber 1, and an exhaust port 104 for gas discharge is further provided at one end of the dry purification chamber 1 away from the hatch 102. The gas distributor 103 is used to evenly distribute the waste gas treated by the mechanical filter screen 2 throughout the purification chamber, and the exhaust port 104 is used to discharge the purified gas from the purification chamber to complete the waste gas treatment process.

[0047] The grading component 4 includes a first filter tank 401 fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber 1. A second filter tank 402 is fixedly installed in the first filter tank 401. One end of the pipeline in the gas distributor 103 passes through the first filter tank 401 and is located in the second filter tank 402. A grading chamber 4011 is provided between the first filter tank 401 and the second filter tank 402. A first slag discharge pipe 4012 communicating with the grading chamber 4011 is installed on the first filter tank 401. The first filter tank 401 and the second filter tank 402 cooperate to grade the impurities in the waste gas, and the impurities further filtered by the first filter tank 401 are collected in the grading chamber 4011 and can be drawn out through the first slag discharge pipe 4012 later.

[0048] The second filter tank 402 is provided with second filter holes 4021 distributed in an annular array, and the second filter tank 402 communicates with the grading chamber 4011 through the second filter holes 4021. A second slag discharge pipe 4022 communicating with the second filter tank 402 is installed on the second filter tank 402. A sterilization tank 403 is fixedly installed at the top of the first filter tank 401. The first filter tank 401 is also provided with a first filter hole 4013 communicating with the sterilization tank 403 and having a smaller aperture than the second filter holes 4021. An ultraviolet sterilization lamp 4031 electrically connected to the control unit 7 is provided in the sterilization tank 403. The waste gas conveyed by the gas distributor 103 first enters the second filter tank 402 and can enter the first filter tank 401 only after being filtered through the second filter holes 4021. The filtered impurities are collected in the second filter tank 402 and can be drawn out through the second slag discharge pipe 4022. The first filter hole 4013 is used to further filter the waste gas and send the treated waste gas into the sterilization tank 403 for sterilization treatment by the ultraviolet sterilization lamp 4031.

[0049] The catalytic degradation unit 5 includes a catalytic tank 501 fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber 1. The pipeline in the sterilization tank 403 is located at the top of the catalytic tank 501. A honeycomb-shaped degradation layer 502 distributed along the axial direction of the catalytic tank 501 is also provided in the catalytic tank 501. A temperature controller 503 electrically connected to the control unit 7 is also provided in the catalytic tank 501. The waste gas in the sterilization tank 403 can enter the catalytic tank 501 through the pipeline, and the honeycomb-shaped degradation layer 502 provides a larger catalytic reaction area to improve the catalytic degradation efficiency. The degradation layer 502 is made of a catalyst, and its type is determined by the actual use requirements. It belongs to the common technical knowledge and technical means in the prior art and will not be elaborated here. The temperature controller 503 is used to control the temperature in the catalytic tank 501 to ensure that the catalytic reaction proceeds under the best conditions.

[0050] The adsorption unit 6 includes an adsorption tank 601 fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber 1. The bottom end of the adsorption tank 601 is connected to the pipeline in the catalytic tank 501, and the top end of the adsorption tank 601 is connected with a fan 602 through a pipeline. An activated carbon fiber layer 603 distributed along the axis of the adsorption tank 601 is further provided in the adsorption tank 601. A spoiler 604 with a corrugated structure is also provided between the activated carbon fiber layers 603. The adsorption tank 601 is connected to the exhaust port 104 through a pipeline. The gas treated in the catalytic tank 501 can enter the adsorption tank 601 through the pipeline. The activated carbon fiber layer 603 is used to adsorb pollutants in the waste gas. The spoiler 604 is used to increase the flow path of the waste gas in the adsorption tank 601 and improve the adsorption efficiency. The fan 602 is used to promote the flow of the waste gas in the adsorption tank 601 and discharge the finally treated waste gas through the exhaust port 104 through the pipeline.

[0051] When treating the laboratory waste gas preliminarily filtered by the mechanical filter 2, the gas distributor 103 evenly distributes the preliminarily treated waste gas into the purification chamber and transports it to the second filter tank 402 through the pipeline. Larger particle size impurities are intercepted in the second filter tank 402 and can be discharged through the second slag discharge pipe 4022. Smaller particle size impurities enter the grading chamber 4011 of the first filter tank 401 through the second filter holes 4021. After being intercepted by the first filter holes 4013, they are collected in the grading chamber 4011 and can be discharged through the first slag discharge pipe 4012, realizing the grading treatment and further filtration of impurities in the waste gas. The waste gas after grading treatment enters the sterilization tank 403 through the first filter holes 4013, and the ultraviolet sterilization lamp 4031 is used to sterilize the waste gas to ensure that microorganisms in the waste gas are effectively removed.

[0052] The sterilized waste gas enters the catalytic tank 501 through the pipeline. Under the control of the temperature controller 503, the catalyst in the degradation layer 502 catalytically degrades the harmful gases in the waste gas and converts them into harmless or less harmful substances. The waste gas after catalytic degradation enters the adsorption tank 601 in the adsorption unit 6. Under the promotion of the fan 602, the waste gas is subjected to adsorption treatment through the activated carbon fiber layer 603 to remove residual pollutants, and the spoiler 604 is used to increase the flow path of the waste gas in the adsorption tank 601. Finally, the purified waste gas is discharged from the dry purification chamber 1 through the pipeline connecting the adsorption tank 601 and the exhaust port 104, completing the entire waste gas treatment process.

[0053] It should be noted that the control unit 7 is responsible for monitoring and controlling the operation of the entire device, including startup, shutdown, temperature control, operation of the fan 602, etc., to ensure the stability of the device operation and the treatment effect. The control unit 7 can be a conventional known device such as a computer for control.

[0054] The remaining structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0055] A dry adsorption and degradation purification process for laboratory waste gas treatment, comprising the following steps: Step 1, open the hatch 102 to allow waste gas to enter the dry purification chamber 1 and perform preliminary filtration through the mechanical filter screen 2.

[0056] Step 2, when a certain amount of dust has accumulated on the mechanical filter screen 2 and needs to be cleaned, close the hatch 102 and start the biaxial motor 3031 to make the reciprocating slider 301 reciprocate in the chute 3022, and at the same time drive the mechanical filter screen 2 to move to clean the dust on the filter screen.

[0057] Step 3, rotate the threaded shaft 3024 to adjust the position of the limit block 3023 in the limit slide rail 3021, change the movement range of the reciprocating slider 301, and achieve the pause of the movement through the distance of the chute 3022, and further clean the dust on the mechanical filter screen 2 by using inertia.

[0058] Step 4, the preliminarily filtered waste gas enters the second filter tank 402 through the gas distributor 103, and performs impurity classification treatment in the first filter tank 401 and the second filter tank 402, and then enters the sterilization tank 403 to sterilize the waste gas through the ultraviolet sterilization lamp 4031 to remove microorganisms.

[0059] Step 5, the sterilized waste gas enters the catalytic tank 501, performs catalytic degradation in the degradation layer 502, then enters the adsorption tank 601, and performs adsorption purification through the activated carbon fiber layer 603 and the spoiler 604. Finally, the purified waste gas is discharged through the exhaust port 104.

[0060] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry adsorption degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment, characterized in that: It includes a dry purification chamber (1), in which a mechanical filter screen (2) for physical filtration is detachably installed. A cleaning component (3) for cleaning the dust of the mechanical filter screen (2) is also provided in the dry purification chamber (1). A grading component (4), a catalytic degradation unit (5) and an adsorption unit (6) for impurity grading and waste gas treatment are respectively provided in the dry purification chamber (1). A control unit (7) for controlling the device is also installed on the dry purification chamber (1). Integrally formed assembly blocks (201) and synchronous blocks (202) are respectively arranged on the outer side of the mechanical filter screen (2). An assembly groove (101) for the limited sliding of the assembly block (201) is formed in the dry purification chamber (1). A cabin door (102) is also detachably installed at one end of the dry purification chamber (1) close to the mechanical filter screen (2). The cleaning component (3) is jointly composed of a reciprocating member, a guiding member and a driving member. The reciprocating member includes a reciprocating slider (301) slidably connected in the dry purification chamber (1) and driven by the driving member. An L-shaped clamping block (3012) corresponding to the synchronous block (202) is slidably connected in the reciprocating slider (301). A spring (3011) is arranged below the clamping block (3012) in the reciprocating slider (301). The guiding member includes a guiding slide rail (302) corresponding to the reciprocating slider (301). A limiting slide rail (3021) corresponding to the reciprocating slider (301) is slidably connected in the guiding slide rail (302). A chute (3022) for the limited sliding of the reciprocating slider (301) is formed in the limiting slide rail (3021). The driving member includes a dust collection drawer (303) detachably installed in the dry purification chamber (1) and located below the mechanical filter screen (2). The guiding slide rail (302) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection drawer (303).

2. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding slide rail (302) also includes limiting blocks (3023) symmetrically distributed at both ends of the limiting slide rail (3021) and adapted to the chute (3022). The reciprocating slider (301) is located between the limiting blocks (3023). Threaded shafts (3024) corresponding to the limiting blocks (3023) are also rotatably connected at both ends of the limiting slide rail (3021). One end of the threaded shaft (3024) protruding from the limiting slide rail (3021) is threadedly connected with the limiting block (3023).

3. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving member includes a double-shaft motor (3031) fixedly installed in the dust collection drawer (303) and electrically connected to the control unit (7). The output shaft of the double-shaft motor (3031) is drivingly connected with a transmission rod (3032). Swing arms (3033) are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the transmission rod (3032). One end of the swing arm (3033) far from the transmission rod (3032) is hinged with a connecting rod (3034). One end of the connecting rod (3034) far from the swing arm (3033) is hinged with the corresponding reciprocating slider (301).

4. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gas distributor (103) corresponding to the mechanical filter screen (2) is fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber (1), and an exhaust port (104) for gas discharge is further provided at one end of the dry purification chamber (1) away from the hatch (102).

5. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grading assembly (4) includes a first filter tank (401) fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber (1). A second filter tank (402) is fixedly installed in the first filter tank (401). One end of the pipeline in the gas distributor (103) passes through the first filter tank (401) and is located in the second filter tank (402). A grading chamber (4011) is provided between the first filter tank (401) and the second filter tank (402), and a first slag discharge pipe (4012) communicating with the grading chamber (4011) is installed on the first filter tank (401).

6. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second filter tank (402) is provided with second filter holes (4021) distributed in an annular array, and the second filter tank (402) communicates with the grading chamber (4011) through the second filter holes (4021). A second slag discharge pipe (4022) communicating with the second filter tank (402) is installed on the second filter tank (402). A sterilization tank (403) is fixedly installed at the top end of the first filter tank (401). The first filter tank (401) is further provided with a first filter hole (4013) communicating with the sterilization tank (403) and having a smaller aperture than the second filter holes (4021). An ultraviolet sterilization lamp (4031) electrically connected to the control unit (7) is provided in the sterilization tank (403).

7. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The catalytic degradation unit (5) includes a catalytic tank (501) fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber (1). The pipeline in the sterilization tank (403) is located at the top end of the catalytic tank (501). A honeycomb-shaped degradation layer (502) distributed along the axial direction of the catalytic tank (501) is further provided in the catalytic tank (501). A temperature controller (503) electrically connected to the control unit (7) is also provided in the catalytic tank (501).

8. The dry adsorption degradation purification equipment for laboratory waste gas treatment according to claim 1, wherein, The adsorption unit (6) includes an adsorption tank (601) fixedly installed in the dry purification chamber (1). The bottom end of the adsorption tank (601) is connected to the pipeline in the catalytic tank (501). The top end of the adsorption tank (601) is connected to a fan (602) through a pipeline. An activated carbon fiber layer (603) distributed along the axial direction of the adsorption tank (601) is further provided in the adsorption tank (601). A spoiler (604) with a corrugated structure is further provided between the activated carbon fiber layers (603). The adsorption tank (601) is connected to the exhaust port (104) through a pipeline.

9. A purification process for a dry adsorption and degradation device for laboratory waste gas treatment, which is applied to the dry adsorption and degradation purification device for laboratory waste gas treatment described in claim 8, and is characterized in that: Including the following steps: Step 1: Open the hatch (102), let the waste gas enter the dry purification chamber (1), and conduct preliminary filtration through the mechanical filter screen (2); Step 2: When a certain amount of dust accumulates on the mechanical filter screen (2) and needs to be cleaned, close the hatch (102), start the double-shaft motor (3031), make the reciprocating slider (301) reciprocate in the chute (3022), and drive the mechanical filter screen (2) to move simultaneously to clean the dust on the filter screen; Step 3: Rotate the threaded shaft (3024) to adjust the position of the limit block (3023) in the limit slide rail (3021), change the movement range of the reciprocating slider (301), and achieve the pause of the movement through the distance of the chute (3022), and further clean the dust on the mechanical filter screen (2) by using inertia; Step 4: The exhaust gas after preliminary filtration enters the second filter tank (402) through the gas distributor (103), and the impurity classification treatment is carried out in the first filter tank (401) and the second filter tank (402), and then enters the sterilization tank (403) to sterilize the exhaust gas through the ultraviolet sterilization lamp (4031) to remove microorganisms; Step 5: The sterilized exhaust gas enters the catalytic tank (501), undergoes catalytic degradation in the degradation layer (502), then enters the adsorption tank (601), and is adsorbed and purified through the activated carbon fiber layer (603) and the spoiler (604). Finally, the purified exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust port (104).

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