Composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of micro-fine particle materials and application of composite force field magnetic separation column

Abstract

The composite force field magnetic separation column comprises a separation cone frustum, the separation cone frustum is of a hollow structure, and a magnet device and a rotating shaft are arranged in the separation cone frustum; the magnet device is cylindrical and is arranged between the sorting cone frustum and the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is movably connected with the magnet device; a sorting screw is wound on the outer side of the sorting cone frustum, a blade of the sorting screw is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the sorting screw can rotate relative to the sorting cone frustum; the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected with the transmission device and used for driving the sorting screw to rotate. The bottom of the sorting spiral is close to the feeding belt, and materials on the feeding belt are conveyed upwards through rotation of the sorting spiral. And an air blowing device is arranged on one side of the separation screw, so that non-magnetic materials or weakly magnetic materials on the separation cone frustum or the separation screw are blown away from the separation screw, fall to a tailing falling area and are taken away from a working area through a tailing belt, and magnetic concentrate products at the uppermost end of the separation screw are conveyed to a concentrate product area through a concentrate belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and in particular to a composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine particles and its application in separation of magnetic materials. Background Art

[0002] In many fields such as mineral processing, metallurgy, and battery material processing, fine particles are easily agglomerated due to the large surface energy, and the particles are easily affected by adhesion forces such as van der Waals force, electrostatic force, and magnetic dipole force, resulting in poor fluidization and dispersion between magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials in the material layer, which seriously restricts the sorting accuracy of magnetic separation. In the wet magnetic separation process, water reduces the surface energy of fine particles, increases fluidity, reduces the adhesion effect between materials, and can significantly improve the sorting accuracy. However, some materials will react with water, affecting their original material properties and reducing the performance of the corresponding processed products. For example, when preparing high-purity nickel pyrite and arsenopyrite, the surface properties of the two are active and are easily oxidized by reaction with water, which in turn affects their original surface properties. For example, there are side reactions between the positive / negative materials of lithium batteries and water, and battery materials recovered by wet methods are prone to significant reductions in battery performance. In addition, in western my country and even in desert areas, water resources are scarce, and the cost of water-based wet magnetic separation is relatively high. Therefore, dry magnetic separation still has a large market demand, but it faces huge challenges when processing fine particles.

[0003] Traditional dry magnetic separation, especially in the process of dry magnetic drum separation of fine-grained materials, lacks effective fluidization and dispersion measures, resulting in the formation of a thick material layer on the drum surface, and the material layer is stationary relative to the drum surface, causing the entrainment of non-magnetic materials, which ultimately affects the concentrate grade. For fine-grained materials, which are lighter in weight, the use of wind fields can better improve their fluidization and dispersion effects.

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to design a composite force field magnetic separation column for dry sorting of fine particles, which can synergistically enhance the dispersion characteristics of fine particles and promote the efficient separation of magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials by coupling the magnetic field with the wind flow field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a composite force field magnetic separation column for dry sorting of fine-grained materials and its application in the sorting of magnetic materials, combining magnetic separation with wind separation, strengthening the dry sorting of fine-grained magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials, solving the problem of water shortage in the western region and even in the desert area, and obtaining a concentrate product with original properties.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A compound force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials, comprising a separation conical frustum. The separation conical frustum is of a hollow structure, and a magnet device and a rotating shaft are arranged inside the separation conical frustum. The magnet device is cylindrical and is arranged between the separation conical frustum and the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is movably connected to the magnet device.

[0008] A separation spiral is wound around the outside of the separation conical frustum. The blades of the separation spiral are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the separation spiral is rotatable relative to the separation conical frustum.

[0009] The bottom of the rotating shaft is connected to a transmission device for driving the separation spiral to rotate.

[0010] The bottom of the separation spiral is close to the feeding belt, and the materials on the feeding belt are conveyed upward by the rotation of the separation spiral.

[0011] A blowing device is arranged on one side of the separation spiral to blow non-magnetic materials or weakly magnetic materials on the separation conical frustum or the separation spiral away from the separation spiral and make them fall to the tailings dropping area, and then they are taken away from the working area by the tailings belt. The magnetic concentrate product at the uppermost end of the separation spiral is conveyed to the magnetic concentrate product area through the magnetic concentrate belt.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, bearings are arranged between the rotating shaft and the magnet device, and the number of bearings is at least two.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the magnet device is a permanent magnet or an inductive coil and is a fixed part. Further preferably, the magnet device is an inductive coil, and a current regulation device is arranged above it.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the compound force field magnetic separation column further includes an enclosed housing that encloses the separation spiral, the blowing device, and the tailings dropping area inside the equipment. The enclosed housing functions like a cloth bag and can collect the fine-grained non-magnetic materials or weakly magnetic materials blown off from the separation spiral and gather them in the tailings dropping area.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the magnet device can generate a magnetic field and an attractive force to make the magnetic materials adhere to the outer wall of the separation conical frustum. Further preferably, the magnetic field intensity generated by the magnet device is 0.3 - 2.0T.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the separation conical frustum has a structure that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top.

[0017] The inclination angle of the separation conical frustum is 45° - 75°.

[0018] The separation conical frustum is a fixed part, and the gap between the separation conical frustum and the separation spiral is 1mm - 10mm.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the blades of the sorting screw are installed at an angle inclined downward so that non-magnetic materials can fall during the rotation of the sorting screw; preferably, the installation angle ∠a is 0° to -60°, more preferably -15 to -30°;

[0020] The pitch of the sorting screw is 10 cm to 100 cm. The smaller the pitch, the more turns of the screw on the sorting conical table, and the longer the sorting path that the material particles pass through;

[0021] The thread angle ∠b of the sorting screw is 30° to 60°. The larger the thread angle, the greater the inclination gradient, and the easier it is for the material particles to move downward along the screw;

[0022] The rotation speed of the sorting screw is 3 to 20 r / min. The faster the rotation speed, the stronger the force exerted by the sorting screw on the material particles on the conical surface, and the stronger the centrifugal force they receive, and the easier it is to break away from the side wall of the sorting conical table;

[0023] The blade width of the sorting screw is 10 mm to 100 mm. The narrower the blade, the easier it is for the material particles to fall from the side wall of the sorting conical table.

[0024] Further preferably, the sorting screw blades above are narrower and the sorting screw blades below are wider; therefore, the sorting screw below has a stronger feeding and conveying capacity, and some of the magnetic particles with stronger magnetism falling from the upper screw blades during the sorting process will be received by the lower screw blades and then continue to be captured by the magnetic field instead of directly becoming tailings products. This design can improve the sorting efficiency of fine-grained materials.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the blowing device includes a number of fans arranged at different heights, and the blowing direction of the fans is adjustable, with an angle of -30° to 30°; the blowing device is used to blow the non-magnetic particles on the surface of the sorting screw material layer away from the screw surface to achieve the separation of magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the composite force field magnetic separation column device is integrally arranged on the support base.

[0027] The working principle of the composite force field magnetic separation column for dry sorting of fine-grained materials is as follows:

[0028] (1) The mixed material of magnetic and non-magnetic materials is fed into the feeding belt at the bottom of the sorting screw, and then the sorting screw transports the material from bottom to top by relying on the cooperation of the screw direction and the rotation direction during rotation. During the process of the material being transported from the bottom to the top of the screw, the magnetic field generated by the central magnet will adsorb the magnetic material on the screw surface, while the non-magnetic material is not attracted by the magnetic field and will fall from the screw. The installation of the downward-inclined screw blades helps the non-magnetic material to fall and separate from the screw.

[0029] (2) The rotation of the spiral not only transports the material upward, but also acts like a "plough", turning up the material layer accumulated on the spiral, exposing the non-magnetic material entrained at the bottom of the material layer to the outside of the material layer, thereby promoting its falling and separation.

[0030] (3) The movement path of the material layer from bottom to top is longer, which increases the sorting path and sorting time, and helps to improve the sorting effect.

[0031] (4) The blowing device arranged on one side of the sorting spiral can generate a wind flow field, which can blow the non-magnetic fine materials falling from the spiral to the tailings falling area. In addition, the wind flow field can also enhance the dispersion of the material layer on the spiral surface of the sorting spiral and the separation of the non-magnetic materials.

[0032] (5) The non-magnetic particles blown off by the wind flow field are deposited in the tailings drop area and transported out through the tailings conveyor to become tailings products.

[0033] (6) The magnetic material layer tightly adsorbed on the spiral continues the magnetic separation process during the upward transportation, and the final magnetic separation concentrate product is transported out by the concentrate belt to become a concentrate product.

[0034] An application of a composite force field magnetic separation column in the separation of magnetic materials includes:

[0035] S1. The mixture of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals is conveyed to the bottom of the sorting spiral through the feeding belt;

[0036] S2, the transmission device drives the sorting screw to rotate, and the blades transport the materials upward;

[0037] S3. The mixed material is attracted by the magnetic force of the magnet device and adheres to the sorting cone, forming a material layer of a certain thickness, in which some non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material particles are mixed inside the material layer;

[0038] S4. The blades of the sorting spiral are installed at an angle downward. Its movement can not only push the material layer to the upper part of the spiral, but also play a "ploughing" role, turning up the material layer from the bottom, thereby exposing the non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material particles inside the material layer;

[0039] S5. Due to the fixed magnetic field, the magnetic particles are strongly affected by the magnetic field and continue to be carried by the spiral and move upward, while the non-magnetic or weakly magnetic particles are weakly affected by the magnetic field and will not continue to spiral upward, and fall under the action of gravity;

[0040] S6. The wind force generated by the blowing device can promote the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles exposed outside the material layer, or the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles falling from the sorting spiral to be blown away from the spiral and transported to the tailings falling area;

[0041] S7. The closed shell acts as a bag, which can collect non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles in the drop area and take them away from the sorting equipment through the tailings belt to obtain tailings products;

[0042] S8. Strong magnetic mineral particles can be transported to the top of the spiral and transported to the concentrate product area on the concentrate belt to obtain concentrate products.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the magnetic field strength generated by the central magnet is adjustable, thereby regulating its attraction to the magnetic material. When the magnetic field strength is large, the magnetic material has a strong adhesion to the separation spiral, which may carry some weakly magnetic materials or non-magnetic materials, resulting in a low concentrate grade and a high recovery rate. On the contrary, the magnetic material has a weak adhesion to the separation spiral, resulting in a high concentrate grade and a low recovery rate.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the rotation rate of the sorting screw is adjustable and affects the sorting index. When the rotation rate is high, the centrifugal force on the material is strong and it is easy to be thrown out, resulting in a high concentrate grade and a low recovery rate. When the rotation rate is low, the centrifugal force on the material is weak, and the fluidization and dispersion on the sorting screw are poor, resulting in a low concentrate grade and a high recovery rate.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the number of spiral turns of the sorting spiral is adjustable. The more turns the longer the sorting path is, the higher the concentrate grade is, and vice versa.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the size and direction of the wind field are adjustable. The larger the wind field, the greater the wind force on the non-magnetic material, the easier it is to disperse and separate from the sorting operation surface, and the higher the concentrate grade. Conversely, the lower the concentrate grade.

[0047] The present application discloses a compound force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials, which utilizes a wind flow field to enhance the fluidization and dispersion effects of fine materials and promote dry separation. This magnetic separation column can meet the requirements of special fine materials for moisture-free separation, thereby obtaining high-quality material products that maintain their original surface properties, so as to achieve the comprehensive and efficient development and utilization of resources. This device uses a rotating spiral structure to replace the traditional magnetic drum structure, which not only increases the separation path (helping to improve the separation accuracy), but also realizes "magnetic tumbling" through the "plowing" effect of the spiral, optimizing the fluidization and dispersion effects of the material at the separation interface. Finally, with the setting of the wind field, the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles exposed on the surface of the material layer and the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles falling from the separation spiral are timely transported to the tailing collection area, thus realizing the dispersion, fluidization and efficient separation of fine-grained materials.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present application are as follows:

[0049] (1) Compared with traditional dry magnetic separation, in the compound force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials in the present application, the separation path is from bottom to top along the separation spiral, the separation path is longer, and the separation accuracy is higher; the "plowing" effect generated by the rotation of the separation spiral is used to realize the fluidization and dispersion of the material and the magnetic tumbling effect, which can deeply remove the non-magnetic particles and weakly magnetic particles entrained in the material layer; the material particles are affected by gravity, magnetic force, the driving force of the separation spiral, centrifugal force and wind force during the separation process, and are affected by more forces, and the dispersion effect is more obvious;

[0050] (2) The present invention makes full use of the characteristics of small mass of fine particles during the dry separation process. The coupled wind field can fully fluidize and disperse the fine-grained materials, thereby reducing the adhesion and agglomeration phenomena;

[0051] (3) There are many adjustable parameters in the present invention, such as the magnetic field strength of the central magnet, the inclination angle of the separation cone surface, the rotation speed of the separation spiral, the inclination angle of the separation spiral blade, the tooth profile angle of the separation spiral, the number of turns of the separation spiral, the direction of the wind field and the wind speed, etc., which can synergistically strengthen the dry separation of fine-grained materials in each force field;

[0052] (4) Since there is no water medium and no chemical agents, when the magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine materials in the present application is used to separate special materials, it can maintain its original surface properties and can obtain qualified products with high quality and original surface properties after purification.

[0053] (5) Since the wind field is introduced, when the density of non-target minerals in the material is small and there is a large difference from the target minerals, the separation of these minerals can be strengthened by means of the wind flow field. Description of the Drawings

[0054] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the compound force field magnetic separation column provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the compound force field magnetic separation column provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 is Figure 1 partial enlarged view of;

[0057] Figure 4 Installation schematic diagram of the sorting screw;

[0058] Figure 5 Connection schematic diagram of the blade and the rotating shaft of the sorting screw;

[0059] Among them, 1-sorting conical frustum; 2-magnet device; 3-rotating shaft; 4-sorting screw; 5-driving device; 6-feeding belt; 7-blowing device; 701-fan; 8-tailings dropping area; 9-tailings belt; 10-concentrate belt; 11-concentrate product area; 12-bearing; 13-current control device; 14-enclosed housing; 15-support seat. Specific embodiments

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0061] As Figures 1-5 shown, a compound force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials includes a sorting conical frustum 1, the sorting conical frustum 1 is of a hollow structure, and a magnet device 2 and a rotating shaft 3 are arranged inside the sorting conical frustum 1; the magnet device 2 is cylindrical and is arranged between the sorting conical frustum 1 and the rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 is movably connected to the magnet device 2;

[0062] The sorting screw 4 is wound around the outside of the sorting conical frustum 1, the blade of the sorting screw 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3, and the sorting screw 4 is rotatable relative to the sorting conical frustum 1;

[0063] The bottom of the rotating shaft 3 is connected to the driving device 5 for driving the sorting screw 4 to rotate; specifically, a speed reduction mechanism is provided between the rotating shaft 3 and the driving device 5, and this part is a conventional technology in the art.

[0064] The bottom of the sorting screw 4 is close to the feeding belt 6, and the materials on the feeding belt 6 are conveyed upward by the rotation of the sorting screw 4;

[0065] On one side of the sorting screw 4, there is a blowing device 7 to blow non-magnetic materials or weakly magnetic materials on the sorting frustum 1 or the sorting screw 4 away from the sorting screw 4 and let them fall to the tailings dropping area 8, and then take them away from the working area through the tailings belt 9. The magnetic concentrate product at the uppermost end of the sorting screw 4 is conveyed to the concentrate product area 11 through the concentrate belt 10.

[0066] In this embodiment, there are bearings 12 between the rotating shaft 3 and the magnet device 2. The number of bearings 12 is two, which are respectively sleeved on the top and bottom of the rotating shaft 3.

[0067] In this embodiment, the magnet device 2 is an inductance coil, which is a fixed part, and there is a current regulation device 13 above it.

[0068] In this embodiment, the composite force field magnetic separation column further includes a closed shell 14, which encloses the sorting screw 4, the blowing device 7, and the tailings dropping area 8 inside the equipment. The closed shell 14 functions like a cloth bag, which can collect the fine non-magnetic materials or weakly magnetic materials blown down from the sorting screw and gather them in the tailings dropping area 8.

[0069] In this embodiment, the magnet device 2 can generate a magnetic field and an attraction force to make the magnetic materials adhere to the outer wall of the sorting frustum 1; further, the magnetic field intensity generated by the magnet device 2 is 0.3 - 2.0T.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sorting frustum 1 has a structure that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top;

[0071] The inclination angle of the sorting frustum 1 is 45° - 75°;

[0072] The sorting frustum 1 is a fixed part, and the gap between the sorting frustum 1 and the sorting screw 4 is 1mm - 10mm.

[0073] In this embodiment, the blade installation angle of the sorting screw 4 is inclined downward so that non-magnetic materials can fall during the rotation of the sorting screw 4. Specifically, the installation angle ∠a is -15° to -30°;

[0074] The pitch of the sorting screw 4 is 10cm - 100cm. The smaller the pitch, the more turns of the helix on the sorting frustum 1, and the longer the sorting path that the material particles pass through;

[0075] The tooth profile angle ∠b of the sorting screw 4 is 30° - 60°. The larger the tooth profile angle, the greater the inclination gradient, and the easier it is for the material particles to move downward along the helix;

[0076] The rotation speed of the sorting screw 4 is 3 - 20r / min. The faster the rotation speed, the stronger the force exerted by the sorting screw 4 on the material particles on the cone surface, and the stronger the centrifugal force they receive, and the easier it is to break away from the side wall of the sorting frustum 1;

[0077] The blade width of the sorting spiral 4 is 10 mm to 100 mm. The narrower the blade is, the easier it is for material particles to fall from the side wall of the sorting cone 1.

[0078] In this embodiment, the blowing device 7 includes a plurality of fans 701, which are arranged at different heights. The blowing direction of the fans 701 is adjustable, and the angle is -30° to 30°. The blowing device 7 is used to blow the non-magnetic particles on the surface of the material layer of the sorting spiral 4 away from the spiral surface to achieve the separation of magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles.

[0079] In this embodiment, the composite force field magnetic separation column device is disposed as a whole on the support seat 15 .

[0080] An application of a composite force field magnetic separation column in the separation of magnetic materials includes:

[0081] S1, conveying the mixture of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals to the bottom of the sorting spiral 4 via the feeding belt 6;

[0082] S2, the transmission device 5 drives the sorting screw 4 to rotate, and the blades transport the materials upward;

[0083] S3, the mixed material is attracted by the magnetic force of the magnet device 2 and adheres to the sorting frustum 1, and forms a material layer of a certain thickness, in which some non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material particles are mixed inside the material layer;

[0084] S4, the blades of the sorting spiral 4 are installed at an angle tilted downward. Its movement can not only push the material layer to the upper part of the spiral, but also play a "ploughing" role, turning up the material layer from the bottom, thereby exposing the non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material particles inside the material layer;

[0085] S5. Due to the fixed magnetic field, the magnetic particles are strongly affected by the magnetic field and continue to be carried by the spiral and move upward, while the non-magnetic or weakly magnetic particles are weakly affected by the magnetic field and will not continue to spiral upward, and fall under the action of gravity;

[0086] S6, the wind force generated by the blowing device 7 can promote the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles exposed outside the material layer, or the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles falling from the sorting spiral 4 to be blown away from the spiral and transported to the tailings falling area 8;

[0087] S7, the closed housing 14 acts as a bag, which can collect non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles in the drop area, and is taken away from the sorting equipment by the tailings belt 9 to obtain tailings products;

[0088] S8. Strong magnetic mineral particles can be transported to the top of the spiral and transported to the concentrate product area 11 on the concentrate belt 10 to obtain a concentrate product.

[0089] The present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings:

[0090] Example 1

[0091] The test sample is pentlandite purchased from Guangxi, with the grades of Ni, Fe, S, Cu, and SiO2 being 2.58%, 14.46%, 7.60%, 1.83%, and 30.55% respectively, and the mineral composition being pentlandite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and quartz. By using the method of dry crushing and screening, qualified materials with 80% passing through -200 mesh are obtained, and then the composite force field magnetic separation column described in the present invention is used for separation. The magnetic field intensity is adjusted to 0.7 T, the screw rotation speed is 10 r / min, the inclination angle of the screw blade is -15°, the number of screw turns is 8, the direction of the wind force field is -30°, and the wind speed is 10 m / s. Finally, nickel concentrate with a Ni grade of 25.78% is obtained, in which the Fe grade drops to 9.56%, and the SiO2 grade drops to 3.64%.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] The test sample used in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1, and its grinding fineness and separation process are also the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] During the separation process of pentlandite-containing ore, first, the method of dry crushing and screening is used to obtain qualified materials with 80% passing through -200 mesh, and then a dry magnetic separator is used for separation. The magnetic field intensity is 0.5 T, and the drum rotation speed is 30 r / min. Finally, a nickel concentrate product with a Ni grade of 3.60% is obtained, in which the Fe grade drops to 11.35%, and the SiO2 grade drops to 20.66%.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] The test sample is a galena sample purchased from Kunming, Yunnan, with the grades of Pb, Zn, Fe, S, and SiO2 being 55.3%, 2.3%, 13.0%, 22.6%, and 3.8% respectively, and the mineral composition mainly being galena, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, and quartz.

[0097] After the sample is crushed and screened, the -400 mesh particle size fraction accounts for 95%. Then, the composite force field magnetic separation column described in the present invention is used for separation. The magnetic field intensity is adjusted to 0.7 T, the screw rotation speed is 10 r / min, the inclination angle of the screw blade is -15°, the number of screw turns is 8, the direction of the wind force field is -30°, and the wind speed is 10 m / s. After separation by this equipment, finally, a lead concentrate product with a Pb grade of 64.5% and an S grade of 20.1% is obtained, in which the Fe content drops to 1.0%, and the SiO2 content drops to 0.3%.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] The test sample used in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 2, and its grinding fineness and separation process are also the same as those in the example.

[0100] For massive galena samples, the method of crushing and screening is adopted to obtain materials with a particle size of -400 mesh accounting for 95%. Then, a wet magnetic separator is used for separation, with a magnetic field intensity of 0.7 T and a drum rotation speed of 20 r / min. Finally, a lead concentrate product with a Pb grade of 65.0% and an S grade of 20.5% is obtained, in which the Fe content drops to 2.5% and the SiO2 content drops to 1.0%. In addition, due to the use of hydrodynamic magnetic separation, the surface properties of the target mineral galena have been affected and obvious oxidation characteristics exist.

[0101] The above content is only a specific implementation case of this application, rather than all application cases of this application. All solutions that follow the technical idea of this application and those that are modified on the technical idea of this application are within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials, characterized in that, It includes a sorting frustum cone (1), the sorting frustum cone (1) is of a hollow structure, and a magnet device (2) and a rotating shaft (3) are arranged inside the sorting frustum cone (1); the magnet device (2) is cylindrical and is arranged between the sorting frustum cone (1) and the rotating shaft (3), and the rotating shaft (3) is movably connected to the magnet device (2); A sorting spiral (4) is wound around the outside of the sorting frustum cone (1), the blades of the sorting spiral (4) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (3), and the sorting spiral (4) is rotatable relative to the sorting frustum cone (1); The bottom of the rotating shaft (3) is connected to a transmission device (5) for driving the sorting spiral (4) to rotate; The bottom of the sorting spiral (4) is close to the feeding belt (6), and the materials on the feeding belt (6) are conveyed upward by the rotation of the sorting spiral (4); A blowing device (7) is arranged on one side of the sorting spiral (4) to blow non-magnetic materials or weakly magnetic materials on the sorting frustum cone (1) or the sorting spiral (4) away from the sorting spiral (4) and fall into the tailing dropping area (8), and are taken away from the working area by the tailing belt (9), and the magnetic concentrate products at the uppermost end of the sorting spiral (4) are conveyed to the concentrate product area (11) through the concentrate belt (10).

2. The composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 1, wherein: Bearings (12) are arranged between the rotating shaft (3) and the magnet device (2), and the number of bearings (12) is at least two.

3. The combined-force-field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 1, wherein: The magnet device (2) is a permanent magnet or an inductive coil and is a fixed part.

4. The composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite force field magnetic separation column further includes an enclosed housing (14) that encloses the sorting spiral (4), the blowing device (7), and the tailing dropping area (8) inside the equipment.

5. The composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnet device (2) can generate a magnetic field and an attractive force, and the magnetic field intensity generated by the magnet device (2) is 0.3 - 2.0T.

6. The composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 3, wherein: The sorting frustum cone (1) is of a structure that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top; The inclination angle of the sorting frustum cone (1) is 45° - 75°; The sorting frustum cone (1) is a fixed part, and the gap between the sorting frustum cone (1) and the sorting spiral (4) is 1mm - 10mm.

7. The compound force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blades of the sorting spiral (4) are installed at an angle inclined downward, and the installation angle ∠a is 0° - -60°; The pitch of the sorting spiral (4) is 10cm - 100cm; The tooth profile angle ∠b of the sorting spiral (4) is 30° - 60°; The rotation speed of the sorting spiral (4) is 3 - 20r / min; The blade width of the sorting spiral (4) is 10mm - 100mm, and the sorting spiral blades above are narrower and the sorting spiral blades below are wider.

8. The composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to claim 1, wherein: The blowing device (7) includes a number of air blowers (701) arranged at different heights, and the blowing direction of the air blowers (701) is adjustable, and the angle is -30° - 30°.

9. The composite force field magnetic separation column for dry separation of fine-grained materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The composite force field magnetic separation column equipment is integrally arranged on a support base (15).

10. Use of the compound force field magnetic separation column according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the separation of magnetic materials, characterized in that, It includes: S1. Convey the mixed materials of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals to the bottom of the sorting spiral (4) through the feeding belt (6); S2. The transmission device (5) drives the sorting spiral (4) to rotate, and the materials are conveyed upward by the blades; S3, the mixed material is attracted by the magnetic force of the magnet device (2) and adheres to the separation cone (1), and forms a material layer of a certain thickness, in which some non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material particles are mixed inside the material layer; S4. The blades of the sorting spiral (4) are installed at an angle that is tilted downward. Its movement can not only push the material layer to the upper part of the spiral, but also play a "ploughing" role, turning up the material layer from the bottom, thereby exposing the non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material particles inside the material layer; S5. Due to the fixed magnetic field, the magnetic particles are strongly affected by the magnetic field and continue to be carried by the spiral and move upward, while the non-magnetic or weakly magnetic particles are weakly affected by the magnetic field and will not continue to spiral upward, and fall under the action of gravity; S6, the wind force generated by the blowing device (7) can help blow the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles exposed outside the material layer, or the non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles falling from the sorting spiral (4) away from the spiral, and transport them to the tailings drop area (8); S7, the closed housing (14) acts as a bag, which can collect non-magnetic and weakly magnetic particles in the drop area, and is taken away from the sorting equipment by the tailings belt (9) to obtain tailings products; S8. Strong magnetic mineral particles can be transported to the top of the spiral and transported to the concentrate product area (11) on the concentrate belt (10) to obtain a concentrate product.

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