Wave soldering equipment based on visual inspection

Abstract

The invention discloses wave-soldering equipment based on visual inspection, and relates to the technical field of wave-soldering equipment, the wave-soldering equipment comprises a case, a clamping unit, a spraying unit, a preheating unit, a welding unit and an adjusting unit, the case is used for installing and fixing the clamping unit, the spraying unit, the preheating unit, the welding unit and the adjusting unit, the clamping unit is used for clamping a PCB, and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the spraying unit. The spraying unit is used for coating soldering flux, the preheating unit is used for evaporating moisture in the soldering flux, the welding unit is used for welding pins of the PCB, the adjusting unit is used for adjusting wave crests, the PCB is clamped through the clamping unit in the transportation process of the PCB, and after the soldering flux is sprayed to the PCB through the spraying unit, the PCB is conveyed to the welding unit through the adjusting unit. The preheating unit evaporates moisture in the soldering flux, the PCB is welded through the welding unit, and the wave crest height is adjusted through the adjusting unit during welding, so that the welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave soldering equipment, specifically a wave soldering equipment based on vision detection. Background Art

[0002] Wave soldering is a core link in the electronic assembly process. Its principle is to form a specific wave of molten solder to achieve electrical connection between the printed circuit board (PCB) pre-coated with flux and the pins of components. However, the existing equipment has the following technical bottlenecks:

[0003] The wave height of traditional wave soldering equipment is usually set by mechanical limit or fixed parameters, lacking real-time feedback during the soldering process. Too high a wave height will cause solder tip pulling, solder accumulation, and even component damage by scalding; too low a wave height may lead to missed soldering or poor soldering. In the prior art, the adjustment of the wave height depends on manual experience or off-line testing, and cannot adapt to the dynamic requirements of different PCB thicknesses, component densities, and solder characteristics.

[0004] The heating time of wave soldering (including the preheating zone and the soldering zone) directly affects the fluidity of the solder and the thermal stress distribution of the PCB. In traditional equipment, the heating time is usually controlled by fixing the conveyor belt speed or presetting the temperature curve, without considering the impact of wave height changes on the welding heat input. For example, when the wave height decreases, if the heating time remains unchanged, it may result in insufficient solder fluidity; conversely, when the wave height increases, too long a heating time may cause PCB deformation or component thermal damage.

[0005] Traditional wave soldering equipment relies on manual visual inspection or off-line detection (such as X-ray detection) and cannot provide real-time feedback on the soldering quality. For example, defects such as bridging and missed soldering can only be detected after soldering is completed, resulting in high rework costs. The prior art lacks an online quality monitoring and parameter adaptive adjustment mechanism based on vision detection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave soldering equipment based on vision detection to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The wave soldering equipment based on vision detection includes a chassis, a clamping unit, a spraying unit, a preheating unit, a soldering unit, and an adjustment unit. The chassis is placed on a horizontal ground. The clamping unit is fixedly installed inside the chassis. The spraying unit is fixedly installed inside the chassis. The preheating unit is fixedly installed inside the chassis. The soldering unit is fixedly installed inside the chassis. The adjustment unit is fixedly connected to the soldering unit, and the adjustment unit has the function of adjusting the wave height.

[0009] The chassis is used to install and fix the clamping unit, spraying unit, preheating unit, welding unit and adjusting unit. The clamping unit is used for clamping the PCB board. The spraying unit is used for coating the flux. The preheating unit is used for evaporating the internal moisture of the flux. The welding unit is used for welding the pins of the PCB board. The adjusting unit is used for wave crest adjustment. During the transportation of the PCB board, the clamping unit clamps the PCB board. After the flux is sprayed on the PCB board by the spraying unit, the preheating unit evaporates the internal moisture of the flux. The welding unit welds the PCB board. During welding, the adjusting unit adjusts the wave crest height to improve the welding quality.

[0010] Furthermore, a controller is provided on the chassis, an alarm is provided on the chassis, and multiple groups of camera modules are provided on the inner wall of the chassis.

[0011] The controller is used to control the start and stop between each mechanism and the transmission of current. The alarm is used to remind the staff when a machine failure occurs. The camera module is used for on-line detection of the internal working process of the machine and the transmission of signals.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple groups of the clamping units. The clamping unit includes a conveyor belt, an electric telescopic plate, a photoresistor and a limiting plate. The limiting plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis. The fixed end of the electric telescopic plate is fixedly installed on the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is connected to the chassis through a conveying roller. The photoresistor is fixedly installed at the fixed end of the electric telescopic plate.

[0013] When the PCB board moves to the photoresistor under the limiting action of the limiting plate until the PCB board blocks the photoresistor, at this time the light intensity is the smallest and the resistance value of the photoresistor is the largest. The controller receives the resistance value of the photoresistor at this time, so as to control the electric telescopic plate to extend to clamp the PCB board, and drive the PCB board to continue to move under the action of the conveyor belt.

[0014] Furthermore, the spraying unit includes a transverse electric push rod, a sliding table, a longitudinal electric push rod, a storage tank and a spraying module. The fixed end of the transverse electric push rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis. The telescopic end of the transverse electric push rod is fixedly connected to the sliding table. The fixed end of the longitudinal electric push rod is fixedly installed on the sliding table. The telescopic end of the longitudinal electric push rod is fixedly connected to the storage tank. The storage tank is slidably installed in the sliding table. The spraying module is fixedly installed on the storage tank.

[0015] When the PCB board moves to the spraying unit, the controller controls the transverse electric push rod to drive the sliding table to move to the specified transverse position, and then controls the longitudinal electric push rod to drive the storage tank to move upward, so as to start the spraying module to spray the flux on the PCB board.

[0016] Further, the preheating unit includes a top hot air plate, a bottom infrared spotlight plate and a rotating motor. The fixed end of the rotating motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis. The output end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the top hot air plate. The bottom infrared spotlight plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis.

[0017] After the PCB board is sprayed with the soldering flux, it is driven by the conveyor belt to continue moving to the preheating unit and then stops moving. At this time, the controller controls the rotating motor to start, so as to drive the top hot air plate to turn to the horizontal state, and cooperate with the bottom infrared spotlight plate to preheat the PCB board, and fully evaporate the moisture inside the soldering flux.

[0018] Further, the welding unit includes a support table, a horizontal electric telescopic rod, a fixed table, a fixing plate, a tin bath, a nozzle and a vertical electric telescopic rod. The support table is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the chassis. The fixed end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the chassis. The telescopic end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the fixed table. The fixed table is slidably installed on the support table. The fixing plate is fixedly installed on the side surface of the fixed table. The tin bath is slidably installed on the fixed table. An electromagnetic pump is arranged inside the tin bath. The nozzle is arranged above the tin bath. The inner diameter of the nozzle gradually decreases, and the inner diameter of the nozzle is the smallest at the end close to the tin bath. The fixed end of the vertical electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the fixed table. The telescopic end of the vertical electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the tin bath. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the adjusting unit.

[0019] After the PCB board is preheated, the controller controls the conveyor belt to continue moving, so as to drive the PCB board to move to the welding unit and then stop. The controller controls the horizontal electric telescopic rod to start, so as to drive the fixed table to move to the specified horizontal position. The controller controls the vertical electric telescopic rod to start to drive the tin bath and the nozzle to move upward. When the tin bath moves upward, it drives the toothed rod to move upward, so as to drive the rack to move downward under the transmission of the gear. During the rotation of the gear, the conductive plate on the round rod is reset to contact the conductive block under the action of the elastic rope. At this time, the electromagnetic pump starts, so as to weld the PCB board.

[0020] Further, the adjusting unit includes an elastic telescopic rod, a rack, a gear, an elastic cylinder, a toothed rod and a memory spring. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the fixing plate. The rack is slidably installed on the fixing plate. The rack is connected to the support table through a memory spring. The rack is meshed with the gear. The fixed end of the elastic cylinder is fixedly installed on the fixing plate. The telescopic end of the elastic cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the toothed rod. The toothed rod is meshed with the gear. The other end of the toothed rod is fixedly connected to the tin bath.

[0021] Furthermore, the adjusting unit further includes a pulling rope, a pushing block, a conductive plate, a fixed box, an electromagnet, a magnetic ring and an elastic telescopic arc ring. The gear is rotatably mounted on the extension of the fixed table through a round rod. One end of the pulling rope is evenly wound around the round rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the conductive plate. A dial block is arranged at one end of the round rod close to the fixed box. The conductive plate is connected to the conductive block through an elastic cord. The conductive plate is slidably mounted in the guiding box, and the conductive block is mounted in the guiding box. The fixed box is fixedly mounted on the extension of the fixed table. The pushing block is mounted in the fixed box through a spring. The electromagnet is fixedly mounted at the end of the nozzle. The magnetic ring is slidably mounted inside the nozzle. The magnetic ring is an elastic contraction ring. The magnetic ring is connected to the elastic telescopic arc ring through a connecting rod. The electromagnet and the elastic telescopic arc ring are connected through a filter cloth.

[0022] During the process of the PCB moving to the soldering unit, the PCB presses the elastic telescopic rod downward, so that the camera module monitors the distance that the elastic telescopic rod moves downward, determines the thickness of the PCB at this time, and thus controls the upward extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod. The greater the thickness of the PCB, the smaller the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod, so as to avoid the influence of too small wave peaks on the soldering quality. When soldering, the camera module conducts visual inspection on the height of the wave peak during the soldering process. When the wave peak height is too high, on the one hand, the controller controls the residence time of the subsequent PCB in the preheating area, so as to increase the heating time of the PCB, fully volatilize the moisture in the solder flux, and thus improve the soldering quality. On the other hand, an electric current is sent to the memory spring, so that the memory spring is electrified and contracts, thereby pulling the rack to continue to move downward. Under the action of gear transmission, the round rod is driven to rotate, thereby driving the dial plate to push the pushing block into the fixed box, thereby changing the magnetic flux, so that the current generated by the driving coil is transmitted to the electromagnet. The electromagnet is electrified and presents a polarity opposite to that of the magnetic ring, thereby attracting the magnetic ring to move upward. During the upward movement of the magnetic ring, since the inner diameter of the nozzle gradually increases, the elastic magnetic ring increases in diameter, and at this time, the diameter of the elastic telescopic arc ring gradually increases accordingly, increasing the diameter of the soldering and reducing the wave peak height, improving the quality of wave soldering.

[0023] Furthermore, a smooth part with an inclined angle is arranged at the end of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod.

[0024] In order to facilitate the smooth extrusion of the elastic telescopic rod during the movement of the PCB, facilitate the camera module to monitor the descending distance of the elastic contraction rod, judge the thickness of the PCB at this time, and thus control the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod, avoiding too high wave peaks during soldering and affecting the soldering quality.

[0025] Furthermore, a driving coil is arranged in the fixed box. The driving coil is electrically connected to the electromagnet. The material of the pushing block is magnetic.

[0026] When the pushing block moves in the fixed box, the magnetic flux is changed, so as to generate current and supply it to the electromagnet, change the position of the magnetic ring, change the diameter of the soldering nozzle, and further adjust the height of the wave peak to a preset value, ensuring the welding quality.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. By setting up a camera module to detect the internal working process of the machine online and feedback the welding quality in real time, the present invention conducts online adjustment, saves the downtime of offline detection, and improves production efficiency and quality.

[0029] 2. The PCB board moves to the photosensitive resistor under the limiting action of the limiting plate until the PCB board blocks the photosensitive resistor. At this time, the light intensity is the lowest, the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor is the largest, the controller receives the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor at this time, and then controls the electric telescopic plate to extend to clamp the PCB board, and drives the PCB board to continue to move under the action of the conveyor belt.

[0030] 3. During the process of the PCB board moving to the welding unit, the PCB board squeezes the elastic telescopic rod to move downward. Then, the camera module monitors the distance that the elastic telescopic rod moves downward to determine the thickness of the PCB board at this time, and controls the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod upward. The greater the thickness of the PCB board, the smaller the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod, thus avoiding the influence of too small wave peak on the welding quality. When welding, the camera module visually detects the height of the wave peak during the welding process. When the wave peak height is too high, on the one hand, the controller controls the residence time of the subsequent PCB board in the preheating area, thereby increasing the heating time of the PCB board, enabling the moisture in the soldering flux to volatilize fully, and thus improving the welding quality. On the other hand, the controller supplies current to the memory spring, causing the memory spring to contract when electrified, thereby pulling the rack to continue to move downward. Under the action of gear transmission, the round rod rotates, driving the dial to push the pushing block into the fixed box, thereby changing the magnetic flux, enabling the current generated by the driving coil to be supplied to the electromagnet. The electromagnet is electrified to present a polarity opposite to that of the magnetic ring, thereby attracting the magnetic ring to move upward. During the upward movement of the magnetic ring, since the inner diameter of the nozzle gradually increases, the elastic magnetic ring increases in diameter, and at this time, the diameter of the elastic telescopic arc ring gradually increases accordingly, increasing the diameter of the soldering, reducing the wave peak height, and improving the quality of wave soldering. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the clamping unit of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view of the partial structure at position A;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the spraying unit of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the preheating unit of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the soldering unit of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 Of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of another perspective structure;

[0039] Figure 9 Of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view of the partial structure at position B;

[0040] Figure 10 Of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of another perspective structure;

[0041] Figure 11 Of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view of the partial structure at position C;

[0042] Figure 12 Of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention Figure 11 Schematic diagram of another perspective structure;

[0043] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nozzle of the wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. Chassis; 11. Camera module; 2. Clamping unit; 21. Conveyor belt; 22. Electric telescopic plate; 23. Photoresistor; 24. Limiting plate; 3. Spraying unit; 31. Transverse electric push rod; 32. Slide table; 33. Longitudinal electric push rod; 34. Storage tank; 35. Spraying module; 4. Preheating unit; 41. Top hot air plate; 42. Bottom infrared spotlight plate; 43. Rotating motor; 5. Welding unit; 51. Support table; 52. Transverse electric telescopic rod; 53. Fixed table; 54. Fixed plate; 55. Tin bath; 56. Nozzle; 57. Longitudinal electric telescopic rod; 6. Adjusting unit; 61. Elastic telescopic rod; 62. Rack; 63. Gear; 64. Elastic cylinder; 65. Tooth bar; 66. Memory spring; 67. Pulling rope; 68. Pushing block; 69. Conductive plate; 610. Fixed box; 611. Electromagnet; 612. Magnetic ring; 613. Elastic telescopic arc ring. Specific implementation mode

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment: As Figures 1 - 13 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0047] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 shown, a wave soldering device based on visual detection includes a chassis 1, a clamping unit 2, a spraying unit 3, a preheating unit 4, a welding unit 5 and an adjusting unit 6. The chassis 1 is placed on a horizontal ground. The clamping unit 2 is fixedly installed inside the chassis 1. The spraying unit 3 is fixedly installed inside the chassis 1. The preheating unit 4 is fixedly installed inside the chassis 1. The welding unit 5 is fixedly installed inside the chassis 1. The adjusting unit 6 is fixedly connected to the welding unit 5, and the adjusting unit 6 has the function of adjusting the wave height.

[0048] The chassis 1 is used to install and fix the clamping unit 2, the spraying unit 3, the preheating unit 4, the welding unit 5 and the adjusting unit 6. The clamping unit 2 is used for clamping the PCB board. The spraying unit 3 is used for coating the flux. The preheating unit 4 is used for evaporating the internal moisture of the flux. The welding unit 5 is used for welding the pins of the PCB board. The adjusting unit 6 is used for wave peak adjustment. During the transportation of the PCB board, the PCB board is clamped by the clamping unit 2. After the flux is sprayed on the PCB board by the spraying unit 3, the preheating unit 4 evaporates the internal moisture of the flux. The PCB board is welded by the welding unit 5. During welding, the wave peak height is adjusted by the adjusting unit 6, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0049] As Figure 1 , Figure 5 shown, a controller is provided on the chassis 1, an alarm is provided on the chassis 1, and multiple groups of camera modules 11 are provided on the inner wall of the chassis 1.

[0050] The controller is used to control the start and stop between each mechanism and the transmission of current. The alarm is used to remind the staff when a machine failure occurs. The camera module 11 is used for on-line detection of the internal working process of the machine and the transmission of signals.

[0051] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, there are multiple groups of clamping units 2. The clamping unit 2 includes a conveyor belt 21, an electric telescopic plate 22, a photoresistor 23 and a limiting plate 24. The limiting plate 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis 1. The fixed end of the electric telescopic plate 22 is fixedly installed on the conveyor belt 21. The conveyor belt 21 is connected to the chassis 1 through a conveying roller. The photoresistor 23 is fixedly installed at the fixed end of the electric telescopic plate 22.

[0052] When the PCB board moves to the photoresistor 23 under the limiting action of the limiting plate 24 until the PCB board blocks the photoresistor 23, at this time the light intensity is the smallest and the resistance value of the photoresistor 23 is the largest. The controller receives the resistance value of the photoresistor 23 at this time, thereby controlling the electric telescopic plate 22 to extend to clamp the PCB board, and driving the PCB board to continue to move under the action of the conveyor belt 21.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown, the spraying unit 3 includes a transverse electric push rod 31, a sliding table 32, a longitudinal electric push rod 33, a storage tank 34 and a spraying module 35. The fixed end of the transverse electric push rod 31 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis 1. The telescopic end of the transverse electric push rod 31 is fixedly connected to the sliding table 32. The fixed end of the longitudinal electric push rod 33 is fixedly installed on the sliding table 32. The telescopic end of the longitudinal electric push rod 33 is fixedly connected to the storage tank 34. The storage tank 34 is slidably installed in the sliding table 32. The spraying module 35 is fixedly installed on the storage tank 34.

[0054] When the PCB board moves to the spraying unit 3, when the controller controls the horizontal electric push rod 31 to drive the sliding table 32 to move to the specified horizontal position, it controls the vertical electric push rod to drive the material storage box 34 to move upward, thereby starting the spraying module 35 to spray the flux on the PCB board.

[0055] As Figure 6 shown, the preheating unit 4 includes a top hot air plate 41, a bottom infrared lamp board 42 and a rotating motor 43. The fixed end of the rotating motor 43 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis 1, the output end of the rotating motor 43 is fixedly connected to the top hot air plate 41, and the bottom infrared lamp board 42 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis 1.

[0056] After the PCB board is sprayed with flux, it is driven by the conveyor belt 21 to continue moving to the preheating unit 4 and then stops moving. At this time, the controller controls the rotating motor 43 to start, thereby driving the top hot air plate 41 to turn to the horizontal state, cooperating with the bottom infrared lamp board 42 to preheat the PCB board and fully evaporate the moisture inside the flux.

[0057] As Figure 7 、 Figure 10 shown, the welding unit 5 includes a support table 51, a horizontal electric telescopic rod 52, a fixed table 53, a fixing plate 54, a tin bath 55, a nozzle 56 and a vertical electric telescopic rod 57. The support table 51 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the chassis 1, the fixed end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod 52 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the chassis 1, the telescopic end of the horizontal electric telescopic rod 52 is fixedly connected to the fixed table 53, the fixed table 53 is slidably installed on the support table 51, the fixing plate 54 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the fixed table 53, the tin bath 55 is slidably installed on the fixed table 53, an electromagnetic pump is arranged inside the tin bath 55, the nozzle 56 is arranged above the tin bath 55, the inner diameter of the nozzle 56 gradually decreases and the inner diameter of the nozzle 56 is the smallest at the end close to the tin bath 55, the fixed end of the vertical electric telescopic rod 57 is fixedly installed on the fixed table 53, the telescopic end of the vertical electric telescopic rod 57 is fixedly connected to the tin bath 55, and the fixing plate 54 is fixedly connected to the adjusting unit 6.

[0058] After the PCB board is preheated, the controller controls the conveyor belt 21 to continue moving, thereby driving the PCB board to move to the welding unit 5 and then stop. The controller controls the horizontal electric telescopic rod 52 to start, thereby driving the fixed table 53 to move to the specified horizontal position. The controller controls the vertical electric telescopic rod 57 to start to drive the tin bath 55 and the nozzle 56 to move upward. When the tin bath 55 moves upward, it drives the rack 65 to move upward, thereby driving the rack 62 to move downward under the transmission of the gear 63. During the rotation of the gear 63, the conductive plate 69 on the round rod is reset to contact the conductive block under the action of the elastic rope. At this time, the electromagnetic pump starts, thereby welding the PCB board.

[0059] As Figures 8 - 12As shown in the figure, the adjusting unit includes an elastic telescopic rod 61, a rack 62, a gear 63, an elastic cylinder 64, a toothed rod 65 and a memory spring 66. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod 61 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 54. The rack 62 is slidably installed on the fixing plate 54. The rack 62 is connected to the support platform 51 through the memory spring 66. The rack 62 is meshed and connected with the gear 63. The fixed end of the elastic cylinder 64 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 54. The telescopic end of the elastic cylinder 64 is fixedly connected to one end of the toothed rod 65. The toothed rod 65 is meshed and connected with the gear 63. The other end of the toothed rod 65 is fixedly connected to the tin bath 55.

[0060] As Figures 9 - 13 shown in the figure, the adjusting unit 6 further includes a pulling rope 67, a pushing block 68, a conductive plate 69, a fixed box 610, an electromagnet 611, a magnetic ring 612 and an elastic telescopic arc ring 613. The gear 63 is rotatably installed on the extension part of the fixed platform 53 through a round rod. One end of the pulling rope 67 is evenly wound around the round rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the conductive plate 69. A dial block is provided at one end of the round rod close to the fixed box 610. The conductive plate 69 is connected to the conductive block through an elastic cord. The conductive plate 69 is slidably installed in the guiding box. The conductive block is installed in the guiding box. The fixed box 610 is fixedly installed on the extension part of the fixed platform 53. The pushing block 68 is installed in the fixed box 610 through a spring. The electromagnet 611 is fixedly installed at the end of the nozzle 56. The magnetic ring 612 is slidably installed inside the nozzle 56. The magnetic ring 612 is an elastic contraction ring. The magnetic ring 612 is connected to the elastic telescopic arc ring 613 through a connecting rod. The electromagnet 611 and the elastic telescopic arc ring 613 are connected through a filter cloth.

[0061] During the process of the PCB board moving to the soldering unit 5, the PCB board presses the elastic telescopic rod 61 to move downward. Thus, the camera module 11 monitors the distance that the elastic telescopic rod 61 moves downward to determine the thickness of the PCB board at this time, and then controls the upward extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod 57. The greater the thickness of the PCB board, the smaller the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod 57, thereby avoiding the influence of too small wave peaks on the welding quality. When soldering, the camera module 11 visually detects the height of the wave peak during the soldering process. When the wave peak height is too high, on the one hand, the controller controls the residence time of the subsequent PCB board in the preheating zone, thereby increasing the heating time of the PCB board to fully volatilize the moisture in the soldering flux, thus improving the welding quality. On the other hand, an electric current is sent to the memory spring 66 to make the memory spring 66 contract when electrified, thereby pulling the rack 62 to continue moving downward. Driven by the gear 63, the round rod rotates, thereby driving the dial plate to push the push block 68 to move into the fixed box 610, thereby changing the magnetic flux and making the current generated by the drive coil be delivered to the electromagnet 611. The electromagnet 611 is electrified to present a polarity opposite to that of the magnetic ring 612, thereby attracting the magnetic ring 612 to move upward. During the upward movement of the magnetic ring 612, since the inner diameter of the nozzle 56 gradually increases, the elastic magnetic ring 612 increases in diameter, and at this time, the diameter of the elastic telescopic arc ring 613 gradually increases accordingly, increasing the diameter of the soldering and reducing the wave peak height, improving the quality of wave soldering.

[0062] As Figure 10 , Figure 11 shown, a smooth part with an oblique angle is provided at the end of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 61.

[0063] In order to facilitate the smooth pressing of the elastic telescopic rod 61 during the movement of the PCB, facilitate the camera module 11 to monitor the distance that the elastic contraction rod descends, judge the thickness of the PCB board at this time, and then control the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod 57 to avoid too high wave peaks during soldering and affect the welding quality.

[0064] As Figure 9 shown, a drive coil is provided in the fixed box 610. The drive coil is electrically connected to the electromagnet 611, and the material of the push block 68 is magnetic.

[0065] In order to change the magnetic flux when the push block 68 moves in the fixed box 610, thereby generating an electric current to be delivered to the electromagnet 611, changing the position of the magnetic ring 612, changing the diameter of the soldering nozzle 56, and further adjusting the height of the wave peak to a preset value to ensure the welding quality.

[0066] The working principle of the present invention:

[0067] When the PCB board moves to the position of the photosensitive resistor 23 under the limiting action of the limiting plate 24 until the PCB board blocks the photosensitive resistor 23, at this time the light intensity is the lowest, the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor 23 is the largest, the controller receives the resistance value of the photosensitive resistor 23 at this time, and thus controls the electric telescopic plate 22 to extend to clamp the PCB board, and drives the PCB board to continue to move under the action of the conveyor belt 21.

[0068] When the PCB board moves to the spraying unit 3, the controller controls the horizontal electric push rod 31 to drive the sliding table 32 to move to the specified horizontal position, and controls the vertical electric push rod to drive the storage tank 34 to move upward, so as to start the spraying module 35 to spray the flux on the PCB board.

[0069] After the PCB board finishes spraying the flux, it is driven by the conveyor belt 21 to continue to move to the preheating unit 4 and then stops moving. At this time, the controller controls the rotation motor 43 to start, so as to drive the top hot air plate 41 to turn to the horizontal state, and cooperate with the bottom infrared spotlight board 42 to preheat the PCB board, and fully evaporate the moisture inside the flux.

[0070] After the PCB board finishes preheating, the controller controls the conveyor belt 21 to continue to move, so as to drive the PCB board to move to the welding unit 5 and then stop. The controller controls the horizontal electric telescopic rod 52 to start, so as to drive the fixed table 53 to move to the specified horizontal position. The controller controls the vertical electric telescopic rod 57 to start to drive the tin bath 55 and the nozzle 56 to move upward. When the tin bath 55 moves upward, it drives the rack bar 65 to move upward, so as to drive the rack 62 to move downward under the transmission action of the gear 63. During the rotation of the gear 63, the conductive plate 69 on the round rod is reset to contact the conductive block under the action of the elastic cord. At this time, the electromagnetic pump starts, so as to weld the PCB board.

[0071] During the process of moving the PCB board to the soldering unit 5, the PCB board presses the elastic telescopic rod 61 to move downward. Thus, the camera module 11 monitors the distance that the elastic telescopic rod 61 moves downward to determine the thickness of the PCB board at this time, and then controls the upward extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod 57. The greater the thickness of the PCB board, the smaller the extension distance of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod 57, thereby avoiding the influence of too small wave peaks on the soldering quality. When soldering, the camera module 11 visually detects the height of the wave peak during the soldering process. When the wave peak height is too high, on the one hand, the controller controls the residence time of the subsequent PCB board in the preheating zone, thereby increasing the heating time of the PCB board to fully volatilize the moisture in the solder flux, thus improving the soldering quality. On the other hand, an electric current is sent to the memory spring 66 to make the memory spring 66 contract when powered, thereby pulling the rack 62 to continue moving downward. Driven by the gear 63, the round rod rotates, thereby driving the dial to push the push block 68 to move into the fixed box 610, thereby changing the magnetic flux and sending the current generated by the drive coil to the electromagnet 611. The electromagnet 611 is powered to present a polarity opposite to that of the magnetic ring 612, thereby attracting the magnetic ring 612 to move upward. During the upward movement of the magnetic ring 612, since the inner diameter of the nozzle 56 gradually increases, the elastic magnetic ring 612 increases its diameter. At this time, the diameter of the elastic telescopic arc ring 613 gradually increases accordingly, increasing the diameter of the soldering and reducing the wave peak height, improving the quality of wave soldering.

[0072] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A wave soldering machine based on visual detection, characterized in that: The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection includes a chassis (1), a clamping unit (2), a spraying unit (3), a preheating unit (4), a soldering unit (5) and an adjusting unit (6). The chassis (1) is placed on a horizontal ground. The clamping unit (2) is fixedly installed inside the chassis (1). The spraying unit (3) is fixedly installed inside the chassis (1). The preheating unit (4) is fixedly installed inside the chassis (1). The soldering unit (5) is fixedly installed inside the chassis (1). The adjusting unit (6) is fixedly connected to the soldering unit (5), and the adjusting unit (6) has the function of adjusting the wave height.

2. The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to claim 1, wherein: A controller is provided on the chassis (1), an alarm is provided on the chassis (1), and multiple groups of camera modules (11) are provided on the inner wall of the chassis (1).

3. The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple groups of the clamping units (2). The clamping unit (2) includes a conveyor belt (21), an electric telescopic plate (22), a photoresistor (23) and a limiting plate (24). The limiting plate (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis (1). The fixed end of the electric telescopic plate (22) is fixedly installed on the conveyor belt (21). The conveyor belt (21) is connected to the chassis (1) through a conveying roller. The photoresistor (23) is fixedly installed at the fixed end of the electric telescopic plate (22).

4. The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to claim 1, wherein: The spraying unit (3) includes a transverse electric push rod (31), a sliding table (32), a longitudinal electric push rod (33), a storage tank (34) and a spraying module (35). The fixed end of the transverse electric push rod (31) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis (1). The telescopic end of the transverse electric push rod (31) is fixedly connected to the sliding table (32). The fixed end of the longitudinal electric push rod (33) is fixedly installed on the sliding table (32). The telescopic end of the longitudinal electric push rod (33) is fixedly connected to the storage tank (34). The storage tank (34) is slidably installed in the sliding table (32). The spraying module (35) is fixedly installed on the storage tank (34).

5. The wave soldering equipment based on visual inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating unit (4) includes a top hot air plate (41), a bottom infrared spotlight plate (42) and a rotating motor (43). The fixed end of the rotating motor (43) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis (1). The output end of the rotating motor (43) is fixedly connected to the top hot air plate (41). The bottom infrared spotlight plate (42) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the chassis (1).

6. The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding unit (5) includes a support table (51), a transverse electric telescopic rod (52), a fixed table (53), a fixed plate (54), a tin bath (55), a nozzle (56) and a longitudinal electric telescopic rod (57). The support table (51) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the chassis (1). The fixed end of the transverse electric telescopic rod (52) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the chassis (1). The telescopic end of the transverse electric telescopic rod (52) is fixedly connected to the fixed table (53). The fixed table (53) is slidably installed on the support table (51). The fixed plate (54) is fixedly installed on the side surface of the fixed table (53). The tin bath (55) is slidably installed on the fixed table (53). An electromagnetic pump is provided inside the tin bath (55). The nozzle (56) is arranged above the tin bath (55). The inner diameter of the nozzle (56) gradually decreases, and the inner diameter of the nozzle (56) is the smallest at the end close to the tin bath (55). The fixed end of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod (57) is fixedly installed on the fixed table (53). The telescopic end of the longitudinal electric telescopic rod (57) is fixedly connected to the tin bath (55). The fixed plate (54) is fixedly connected to the adjustment unit (6).

7. The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to claim 6, wherein: The adjustment unit (6) includes an elastic telescopic rod (61), a rack (62), a gear (63), an elastic cylinder (64), a toothed rod (65) and a memory spring (66). The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod (61) is fixedly installed on the fixed plate (54). The rack (62) is slidably installed on the fixed plate (54). The rack (62) is connected to the support table (51) through the memory spring (66). The rack (62) is meshed and connected with the gear (63). The fixed end of the elastic cylinder (64) is fixedly installed on the fixed plate (54). The telescopic end of the elastic cylinder (64) is fixedly connected to one end of the toothed rod (65). The toothed rod (65) is meshed and connected with the gear (63). The other end of the toothed rod (65) is fixedly connected to the tin bath (55).

8. The wave soldering equipment based on visual detection according to claim 7, wherein: The adjustment unit (6) further includes a pulling rope (67), a pushing block (68), a conductive plate (69), a fixed box (610), an electromagnet (611), a magnetic ring (612) and an elastic telescopic arc ring (613). The gear (63) is rotatably mounted on the extension of the fixed table (53) through a round rod. One end of the pulling rope (67) is evenly wound around the round rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the conductive plate (69). A dial block is arranged at one end of the round rod close to the fixed box (610). The conductive plate (69) is connected to the conductive block through an elastic rope. The conductive plate (69) is slidably mounted in the guide box, and the conductive block is mounted in the guide box. The fixed box (610) is fixedly mounted on the extension of the fixed table (53). The pushing block (68) is mounted in the fixed box (610) through a spring. The electromagnet (611) is fixedly mounted at the end of the nozzle (56). The magnetic ring (612) is slidably mounted inside the nozzle (56). The magnetic ring (612) is an elastic contraction ring. The magnetic ring (612) is connected to the elastic telescopic arc ring (613) through a connecting rod. The electromagnet (611) and the elastic telescopic arc ring (613) are connected through a filter cloth.

9. The wave soldering equipment based on visual inspection according to claim 7, wherein: The end of the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod (61) is provided with a smooth part with an oblique angle.

10. The wave soldering equipment based on visual inspection according to claim 8, wherein: A driving coil is arranged in the fixed box (610). The driving coil is electrically connected to the electromagnet (611). The material of the pushing block (68) is magnetic.

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