Method for preventing collision short-circuit combustion of electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing collision short-circuit combustion of an electric vehicle, which is characterized in that battery combustion caused by short circuit due to collision is avoided by arranging a collision power-off switch capable of stopping a battery from supplying power to the electric vehicle when a vehicle frame is subjected to collision greater than a set quantity in any one of front, back, left and right directions. The problem that fire disasters are easily caused when electric appliance short circuits are generated due to the fact that a power source is not disconnected after an existing automobile collides is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle chassis, and in particular to a method for preventing short - circuit combustion of electric vehicles during collisions. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles usually use batteries as power sources. The batteries are arranged on the upper side of the new energy vehicle chassis and can also be used as counterweights to improve the running stability of the new energy vehicle.

[0003] For example, in a Chinese patent document, a chassis assembly of an electric commercial vehicle disclosed on November 12, 2024 with the patent number CN2024112283912. Among them, the middle frame is connected between the front frame and the rear frame. The front frame is located in front of the middle frame, and the rear frame is located behind the middle frame. The middle frame and the rear frame are at the same vertical height, and the vertical height of the front frame is lower than that of the middle frame. The electric commercial vehicle includes a cab, which is fixedly installed on the front frame, and the power battery pack is fixedly installed on the middle frame and is located below the middle frame. With such a setting, the main frame adopts a stepped structure with the front part lower and the rear part higher. The cab is arranged on the front frame, and the power battery pack is hung under the middle frame, effectively reducing the center of gravity of the whole vehicle, reducing the risk of rollover, and improving safety performance.

[0004] The deficiencies of the prior art are as follows: When a new energy vehicle is impacted by a large impact force in a car accident, the battery is connected. Due to a short - circuit in the circuit, it is easy to catch fire, and it is not easy to rescue compared with traditional fuel vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for preventing short - circuit combustion of electric vehicles during collisions, in which the battery can stop power supply when there is a collision on all four sides, solving the problem that the power supply does not disconnect after a collision of an existing vehicle, which easily causes a fire when there is an electrical short - circuit.

[0006] The above - mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of electric vehicles, by setting a collision power - off switch that can make the battery stop supplying power to the electric vehicle when the frame is impacted in any direction (front, back, left, or right) by a force greater than a set amount, to avoid short - circuit caused by collision and battery combustion.

[0007] Preferably, the electric vehicle includes wheels, a frame supported on the wheels, and a battery compartment connected to the frame. The battery compartment is used for storing a battery and is provided with a power cord detachably connected to the battery to supply electricity to the motor. The frame includes a front safety bumper, a rear bumper, two longitudinal beams with their rear ends connected to the rear bumper, two cross beams connecting the two longitudinal beams, a longitudinal sliding rod connected between the two cross beams, and two longitudinal force transmission rods with their rear ends connected to the front side of the cross beam located in the front. The front bumper is connected to the front ends of the two longitudinal force transmission rods. The two longitudinal force transmission rods are aligned with the two longitudinal sliding rods. The battery compartment is slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding rod, and both sides of the battery compartment are fixed to the two longitudinal beams. A longitudinal avoidance groove is provided on the bottom wall of the battery compartment. The collision power-off switch includes a vertical insertion post, two transverse push rods with one end fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams respectively, and two fixing rods with one end fixedly connected to the two longitudinal sliding rods respectively. The other ends of the two fixing rods are respectively hinged to the lower ends of two swing rods through longitudinal hinge shafts. The upper ends of the swing rods are located in the longitudinal avoidance groove. The lower ends of the two swing rods are located between the two transverse push rods and are aligned with the transverse push rods. A swing rod part conductive sheet for supplying electricity to the motor is provided on the inner side of the swing rod. Two insertion post part conductive sheets connected to the power cord of the battery compartment are provided on the vertical insertion post. The swing rods clamp the vertical insertion post, and the swing rod part conductive sheets of the two swing rods respectively abut against the two insertion post part conductive sheets. When the transverse push rod moves towards the swing rod, it can drive the swing rod to swing around the longitudinal hinge shaft so that the swing rod part conductive sheet is separated from the insertion post part conductive sheet. When a longitudinal collision occurs, the longitudinal sliding rod moves longitudinally relative to the battery compartment, so that the swing rod is disengaged from the vertical insertion post to cut off the power. When a transverse collision occurs, the transverse push rod drives the swing rod to open, so that the swing rod is disengaged from the vertical insertion post to cut off the power.

[0008] Preferably, there is a swing rod closing spring that drives the swing rod to close towards the vertical insertion post around the longitudinal hinge shaft. When the two swing rods are in the closed state under the action of the spring, they can prevent the vertical insertion post from being longitudinally inserted between the two swing rods. After the disengagement due to longitudinal movement during a collision, the two swing rods can automatically close, avoiding the vertical insertion post being re-inserted between the swing rods after a secondary reverse collision, resulting in the power being re-connected, and further improving the safety during a collision.

[0009] Preferably, the battery compartment includes a bottom tray and a cabin detachably connected to the bottom tray. During use, the battery is installed in the cabin. The avoidance groove is provided on the bottom tray, and the vertical insertion post is connected to the cabin. When the two swing rods are in the closed state, the vertical insertion post can be inserted between the two swing rods. This can improve the convenience of the vertical insertion post resetting between the swing rods.

[0010] Preferably, an inverted step is provided on the swing rod, and a hook head is provided on the vertical insertion post. When the cabin body is connected to the bottom support and the vertical insertion post is located between two swing rods, the hook head is hooked on the inverted step to prevent the vertical insertion post from being pulled out upward between the swing rods. This can improve the electrical connection reliability between the vertical insertion post and the swing rod during vibration.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical insertion post is telescopically connected to the lower surface of the cabin body. An insertion post extended state maintaining structure is provided on the cabin body to maintain the vertical insertion post in the extended state. An insertion post contraction spring for driving the vertical insertion post to contract into the cabin body is provided between the bottom support and the vertical insertion post. When a lateral collision causes the swing rod and the vertical insertion post to become disengaged, the vertical insertion post is ejected by the insertion post contraction spring, so that the vertical insertion post cannot be automatically inserted between the swing rods again after the swing rods are closed. This improves the reliability of preventing electrical fires after a collision.

[0012] Preferably, the insertion post extended state maintaining structure includes a pin, a horizontal through hole provided in the cabin body, and a blocking hole provided in the vertical insertion post. When the pin passes through both the horizontal through hole and the blocking hole at the same time, the vertical insertion post is maintained in the extended state, and the outer end of the pin extends out of the outer surface of the cabin body. After the vertical insertion post is inserted between the swing rods, the pin is pulled out, so that the vertical insertion post can automatically contract after a disconnection caused by a collision, thereby reliably avoiding secondary closing.

[0013] Preferably, a vertical sliding hole is provided in the cabin body. A sliding column is provided at the upper end of the vertical insertion post and slidably passes through the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the vertical sliding hole is provided with a large-diameter section, and a positioning step is formed between the large-diameter section and the vertical sliding hole. An outward-turned edge is provided at the upper end of the sliding column. When the outward-turned edge is hooked on the positioning step, the blocking hole is aligned with the horizontal through hole. This can conveniently align the horizontal through hole with the blocking hole.

[0014] Preferably, the insertion post part conductive sheet is connected to the conductive core located inside the vertical insertion post. The conductive core is exposed on the upper end surface of the sliding column, and the power supply lead-in wire of the battery compartment extends into the large-diameter section and is welded to the part of the conductive core exposed on the end surface of the sliding column. This can avoid wire interference with the movement of the vertical insertion post.

[0015] Preferably, a supporting plate is provided on the inner side of the longitudinal beam. A plurality of connecting ears that overlap on the supporting plate are provided on both lateral sides of the battery compartment. The connecting ears are provided with laterally extending connecting grooves that penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting ears. After a battery compartment fixing bolt passes through the connecting groove, it is threadedly connected to the supporting plate to fix the connecting ear to the connecting plate. When the longitudinal beam is laterally deformed during a lateral collision, the supporting plate can have a lateral relative displacement relative to the connecting ear, thereby avoiding extrusion of the battery compartment. The safety is better.

[0016] Preferably, bending guide grooves vertically penetrating the cross beams are provided on both the front and rear sides of the two cross beams, and the connection points of the two longitudinal sliding rods to the cross beam are located between two laterally distributed bending guide grooves on the same cross beam. This can improve the reliability of the separation between the swing rod and the vertical insertion column during longitudinal collision.

[0017] Preferably, the longitudinal beam includes a front section of the longitudinal beam and a rear section of the longitudinal beam. The front end of the front section of the longitudinal beam is connected to the rear surface of the cross beam located in the front, and the rear end is connected to the front surface of the longitudinal beam located in the rear. The front end of the rear section of the longitudinal beam is connected to the rear surface of the cross beam located in the rear, and the rear end is connected to the front surface of the rear bumper. This can enable the longitudinal beam to withstand a large longitudinal collision force even when the connection force between the cross beam and the longitudinal beam is small.

[0018] With the above solution, when the new energy vehicle to which the present invention is applied is impacted by a large impact force from any direction (front, rear, left, or right), the new energy vehicle can be powered off as a whole, avoiding the problem of the new energy vehicle catching fire due to a short circuit in the circuit, and improving the rescue efficiency and safety of the new energy vehicle during a car accident. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a top view schematic of the electric vehicle with the cabin removed; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic enlarged view of the structure at A in Figure 3 is Figure 1 a top view of a partial enlarged schematic example at B of Figure 4 is Figure 1 a C-C cross-sectional schematic of Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged schematic at D of

[0020] In the figure: wheel 1, battery compartment 2, power cord 3, front safe 4, rear bumper 5, longitudinal beam 6, cross beam 7, longitudinal sliding rod 8, longitudinal force transmission rod 9, front section of the longitudinal beam 10, rear section of the longitudinal beam 11, supporting plate 12, connecting ear 13, connecting groove 14, battery compartment fixing bolt 15, bottom support 16, cabin 17, longitudinal avoidance groove 18, vertical insertion column 19, transverse push rod 20, fixing rod 21, longitudinal hinge shaft 37, swing rod 22, swing rod part conductive sheet 23, insertion column part conductive sheet 24, swing rod closing spring 25, hook head 26, insertion column extension state maintaining structure 27, insertion column contraction spring 28, insertion pin 29, horizontal through hole 30, blocking hole 31, sliding column 32, large diameter section 33, flanging 34, conductive core 35, bending guide groove 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a method or product that includes a series of technical features does not necessarily limit to those technical features clearly listed, but may also include other technical features that can be included in the method or product and are not clearly listed.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the technical features defined by the terms "first", "second", etc. with a sequential concept are only for clearly describing the defined technical features, so that the defined technical features can be clearly distinguished from other technical features, rather than being named in this way during actual implementation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0024] See Figures 1 to 5, a method for preventing short - circuit combustion of an electric vehicle. By setting a collision power - off switch that can stop the battery from supplying power to the electric vehicle when the frame is collided in any direction (front, rear, left, or right) by a force greater than a set amount, it can avoid short - circuit caused by collision and battery combustion. The electric vehicle includes wheels 1, a frame supported on the wheels, and a battery compartment 2 connected to the frame. The battery compartment is used to store the battery and is provided with a power cord 3 that is detachably connected to the battery and supplies electricity to the motor. The frame includes a front bumper 4, a rear bumper 5, two longitudinal beams 6 whose rear ends are connected to the rear bumper, two cross - beams 7 that connect the two longitudinal beams, a longitudinal slide bar 8 connected between the two cross - beams, and two longitudinal force - transmission rods 9 whose rear ends are connected to the front side of the cross - beam in the front. The front bumper is connected to the front ends of the two longitudinal force - transmission rods. The two longitudinal force - transmission rods are aligned with the two longitudinal slide bars. The battery compartment is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide bars. The longitudinal beam includes a front section 10 and a rear section 11. The front end of the front section of the longitudinal beam is connected to the rear surface of the cross - beam in the front, and the rear end is connected to the front surface of the longitudinal beam in the rear. The front end of the rear section of the longitudinal beam is connected to the rear surface of the cross - beam in the rear, and the rear end is connected to the front surface of the rear bumper. Both sides of the battery compartment are fixed to the two longitudinal beams. Specifically: a support plate 12 is provided on the inner side of the longitudinal beam. A number of connecting ears 13 that overlap on the support plate are provided on both lateral sides of the battery compartment. The connecting ear is provided with a laterally extending connecting groove 14 that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting ear. A battery compartment fixing bolt 15 passes through the connecting groove and is threadedly connected to the support plate to fix the connecting ear to the connecting plate.

[0025] The battery compartment includes a bottom bracket 16 and a compartment body 17 detachably connected to the bottom bracket. During use, the battery is installed in the compartment body. A longitudinal avoidance groove 18 is provided on the bottom wall of the battery compartment. The collision power-off switch includes a vertical insertion post 19, two transverse push rods 20 with one end respectively fixed to two longitudinal beams, and two fixing rods 21 with one end respectively fixed to two longitudinal sliding rods. The other ends of the two fixing rods are respectively hinged to the lower ends of two swing rods 22 through longitudinal hinge shafts 37. The upper ends of the swing rods are located in the longitudinal avoidance groove. The lower ends of the two swing rods are located between the two transverse push rods and are aligned with the transverse push rods. A swing rod part conductive sheet 23 for introducing electricity to the motor is provided on the inner side of the swing rod. Two insertion post part conductive sheets 24 connected to the power cord of the battery compartment are provided on the vertical insertion post. The vertical insertion post is connected to the compartment body. When the two swing rods are in a closed state, the vertical insertion post can be inserted between the two swing rods. The swing rods clamp the vertical insertion post, and the swing rod part conductive sheets of the two swing rods respectively abut against the two insertion post part conductive sheets. When the fixing rod moves towards the swing rod, it can drive the swing rod to swing around the longitudinal hinge shaft, so that the swing rod part conductive sheet is separated from the insertion post part conductive sheet. When a longitudinal collision occurs, the longitudinal sliding rod moves longitudinally relative to the battery compartment, so that the swing rod is disengaged from the vertical insertion post to cut off the power; when a transverse collision occurs, the transverse push rod drives the swing rod to open, so that the swing rod is disengaged from the vertical insertion post to cut off the power.

[0026] The swing rod and the driving swing rod are provided with a swing rod closing spring 25 that closes towards the vertical insertion post with the longitudinal hinge axis as the axis. When the two swing rods are in the closed state under the action of the spring, they can prevent the vertical insertion post from being inserted longitudinally between the two swing rods. The swing rod is provided with an inverted step, and the vertical insertion post is provided with a hook head 26. When the cabin is connected to the bottom bracket and the vertical insertion post is located between the two swing rods, the hook head is hooked on the resulting step to prevent the vertical insertion post from being pulled out upward between the swing rods. The vertical insertion post is telescopically connected to the lower surface of the cabin, and the cabin is provided with a post extension state maintaining structure 27 for maintaining the vertical insertion post in the extended state. A post contraction spring 28 for driving the vertical insertion post to contract into the cabin is provided between the bottom bracket and the vertical insertion post. The post extension state maintaining structure includes a pin 29, a horizontal through hole 30 provided in the cabin, and a blocking hole 31 provided in the vertical insertion post. When the pin passes through the horizontal through hole and the blocking hole at the same time, the vertical insertion post is maintained in the extended state, and the outer end of the pin extends out of the outer surface of the cabin. A vertical sliding hole is provided in the cabin, and the upper end of the vertical insertion post is provided with a sliding column 32 that slides through the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the vertical sliding hole is provided with a large-diameter section 33. A positioning step is formed between the large-diameter section and the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the sliding column is provided with an outward-turned edge 34. When the outward-turned edge is hooked on the positioning step, the blocking hole is aligned with the horizontal through hole. The post part conductive sheet is connected to a conductive core 35 located inside the vertical insertion post. The conductive core is exposed on the upper end surface of the sliding column. The power supply lead-in wire of the battery compartment extends into the large-diameter section and is welded to the part of the conductive core exposed on the end surface of the sliding column. Vertical bending guide grooves 36 that penetrate the cross beam vertically are provided on both the front and rear sides of the two cross beams. The connection points of the two longitudinal sliding rods to the cross beam are located between two horizontally distributed bending guide grooves on the same cross beam.

Claims

1. A method for preventing short-circuit combustion caused by collisions of electric vehicles, characterized in that, By setting a collision power-off switch that can stop the battery from supplying power to the electric vehicle when the vehicle frame is collided in any direction (front, rear, left, or right) by a force greater than a set amount, it is possible to prevent a short circuit caused by a collision from resulting in battery combustion.

2. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of electric vehicles during collisions, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes wheels, a vehicle frame supported on the wheels, and a battery compartment connected to the vehicle frame. The battery compartment is used to store the battery and is provided with a power cord that is detachably connected to the battery and supplies electricity to the motor. The vehicle frame includes a front bumper, a rear bumper, two longitudinal beams with their rear ends connected to the rear bumper, two cross beams connecting the two longitudinal beams, a longitudinal sliding rod connected between the two cross beams, and two longitudinal force transmission rods with their rear ends connected to the front side of the cross beam located in the front. The front bumper is connected to the front ends of the two longitudinal force transmission rods. The two longitudinal force transmission rods are aligned with the two longitudinal sliding rods. The battery compartment is slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding rod, and both sides of the battery compartment are fixed to the two longitudinal beams. A longitudinal avoidance groove is provided on the bottom wall of the battery compartment. The collision power-off switch includes a vertical insertion post, two horizontal push rods with one end fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams respectively, and two fixed rods with one end fixedly connected to the two longitudinal sliding rods respectively. The other ends of the two fixed rods are respectively hinged to the lower ends of two swing rods through longitudinal hinge shafts. The upper ends of the swing rods are located in the longitudinal avoidance groove. The lower ends of the two swing rods are located between the two horizontal push rods and are aligned with the horizontal push rods. A swing rod part conductive sheet for supplying electricity to the motor is provided on the inner side of the swing rod. Two insertion post part conductive sheets connected to the power cord of the battery compartment are provided on the vertical insertion post. The swing rods clamp the vertical insertion post, and the swing rod part conductive sheets of the two swing rods are respectively in contact with the two insertion post part conductive sheets. When the horizontal push rod moves towards the swing rod, it can drive the swing rod to swing around the longitudinal hinge shaft, causing the swing rod part conductive sheet to separate from the insertion post part conductive sheet. When a longitudinal collision occurs, the longitudinal sliding rod moves longitudinally relative to the battery compartment, causing the swing rod to disengage from the vertical insertion post to achieve power-off. When a lateral collision occurs, the horizontal push rod drives the swing rod to open, causing the swing rod to disengage from the vertical insertion post to achieve power-off.

3. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of an electric vehicle collision, as claimed in claim 2, wherein A swing rod closing spring that drives the swing rod to close towards the vertical insertion post around the longitudinal hinge shaft. When the two swing rods are in the closed state under the action of the spring, they can prevent the vertical insertion post from being longitudinally inserted between the two swing rods. After the collision causes longitudinal movement and disengagement, the two swing rods automatically close, preventing the vertical insertion post from being re-inserted between the swing rods after a secondary reverse collision and causing the electricity to be re-connected.

4. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of an electric vehicle collision, according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The battery compartment includes a bottom tray and a cabin detachably connected to the bottom tray. During use, the battery is installed in the cabin. The avoidance groove is provided on the bottom tray, and the vertical insertion post is connected to the cabin. When the two swing rods are in the closed state, the vertical insertion post can be inserted between the two swing rods.

5. A method for preventing collision short - circuit combustion of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swing rod is provided with an inverted step, and the vertical insertion post is provided with a hook head. When the cabin is connected to the bottom support and the vertical insertion post is located between two swing rods, the hook head is hooked on the inverted step to prevent the vertical insertion post from being pulled out upward between the swing rods; the vertical insertion post is telescopically connected to the lower surface of the cabin, and the cabin is provided with a structure for maintaining the extended state of the vertical insertion post to keep the vertical insertion post in the extended state. A compression spring for driving the vertical insertion post to contract into the cabin is arranged between the bottom support and the vertical insertion post; when a lateral collision causes the swing rod and the vertical insertion post to become disengaged, the vertical insertion post is ejected by the compression spring for the vertical insertion post, so that the vertical insertion post cannot be automatically inserted between the swing rods again after the swing rods are closed.

6. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of electric vehicles during collisions, characterized in that, The structure for maintaining the extended state of the insertion post includes a bolt, a horizontal through hole provided in the cabin, and a blocking hole provided in the vertical insertion post. When the bolt passes through the horizontal through hole and the blocking hole at the same time, the vertical insertion post is maintained in the extended state, and the outer end of the bolt extends out of the outer surface of the cabin.

7. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of an electric vehicle collision, characterized in that, according to claim 6, A vertical sliding hole is provided in the cabin, and the upper end of the vertical insertion post is provided with a sliding column that slidably passes through the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the vertical sliding hole is provided with a large-diameter section, and a positioning step is formed between the large-diameter section and the vertical sliding hole. The upper end of the sliding column is provided with an outwardly turned edge. When the outwardly turned edge is hooked on the positioning step, the blocking hole is aligned with the horizontal through hole.

8. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of an electric vehicle during a collision, as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, A supporting plate is provided on the inner side of the longitudinal beam. A plurality of connecting ears that overlap on the supporting plate are provided on both the left and right sides of the battery compartment. The connecting ears are provided with a laterally extending connecting groove that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting ears. After a battery compartment fixing bolt passes through the connecting groove, it is threadedly connected to the supporting plate to fix the connecting ear to the connecting plate together; when the longitudinal beam is laterally deformed during a lateral collision, the supporting plate generates a lateral relative displacement relative to the connecting ear, thereby preventing the battery compartment from being squeezed.

9. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion in the collision of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, Vertical bending guiding grooves that penetrate the cross beams vertically are provided on the front and rear sides of the two cross beams. The connection points of the two longitudinal sliding rods to the cross beams are located between two laterally distributed bending guiding grooves on the same cross beam.

10. A method for preventing short - circuit combustion of electric vehicles from collision, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that The longitudinal beam includes a front section of the longitudinal beam and a rear section of the longitudinal beam. The front end of the front section of the longitudinal beam is connected to the rear surface of the front cross beam, and the rear end is connected to the front surface of the rear longitudinal beam. The front end of the rear section of the longitudinal beam is connected to the rear surface of the rear cross beam, and the rear end is connected to the front surface of the rear bumper.

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