An anti-drift wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles

Abstract

A drift-resistant wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles utilizes a collaborative design of a grouped series-wound transmitter and a geometrically adapted receiver to address the issue of reduced charging efficiency due to multi-dimensional drift caused by ocean currents. The transmitter consists of an outer and inner winding connected in series. The outer winding provides wide-area magnetic field coverage, while the inner winding enhances local magnetic field strength. Combined with a ferrite array to suppress magnetic flux leakage, the coupler addresses both horizontal and rotational drift. The receiver utilizes a curved structure that conforms to the geometric contours of the vehicle's housing. An optimized design of the coverage angle θ limits the interference of rotational offset Δφ on the magnetic field. A back-facing ferrite array concentrates magnetic flux to enhance coupling efficiency. The system requires no complex mechanical adjustments and achieves energy transfer through magnetic field coupling. It maintains stable efficiency in seawater, freshwater, and air environments. Combining the advantages of compact structure, strong drift resistance, wide medium adaptability, and high scalability, it significantly improves the reliability and endurance of wireless charging for underwater vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to underwater vehicle wireless charging technology, and in particular to an underwater vehicle anti-drift wireless charging coupler. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in fields such as ocean exploration, environmental monitoring, and underwater infrastructure maintenance, the need for efficient and safe charging is becoming increasingly prominent. Traditional wired charging methods require physical connections underwater, which can lead to issues such as interface corrosion, docking difficulties, and susceptibility of charging nodes to ocean currents. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology provides AUVs with a contactless underwater charging method, significantly improving operational efficiency and safety.

[0003] However, in underwater environments, AUVs are susceptible to multi-dimensional offsets during docking or mooring due to ocean currents, including positional (horizontal and vertical) and angular (rotational) offsets. This offset significantly reduces the mutual inductance of the coupler, causing a sharp drop in wireless energy transmission efficiency. Therefore, a coupler structure with multi-dimensional offset resistance is required to achieve efficient and stable energy transmission when underwater vehicles are used in underwater environments.

[0004] Existing anti-skew couplers primarily improve their anti-skew performance by increasing coupler size, adopting a cylindrical or ring-shaped structure with wider coverage, or distributing multiple transmitting coils in different segments and regions. However, these solutions often involve complex structures, bulky materials, high costs, or require additional mechanical and control systems, making it difficult to simultaneously balance adaptability to multi-dimensional offsets with structural simplicity.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to understand the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned background technology and provide an anti-drift wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An anti-drift wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles, comprising:

[0009] The transmitting coil module adopts a grouped series winding structure, consisting of an outer winding and an inner winding connected in series, and is fixed to a non-metallic bracket via a ferrite array. The outer winding is used to provide wide-area magnetic field coverage, and the inner winding is used to enhance local magnetic field strength.

[0010] The receiving coil module has a curved structure that closely matches the shape of the underwater vehicle's cabin shell. A ferrite array is provided on its back to concentrate magnetic flux. The curved structure forms an arc-shaped coverage angle θ. Through geometric adaptation design, the rotation offset Δφ does not exceed a preset ratio of the coverage angle θ, thereby reducing the interference of the rotation offset on the magnetic field coupling.

[0011] The transmitting-end coil module and the receiving-end coil module transfer energy through magnetic field coupling, and the geometric adaptation of the grouped series winding structure and the curved receiving end jointly achieve resistance to horizontal and rotational offsets.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer coil winding and the inner coil winding of the grouped series winding structure are arranged in concentric circles, and the number of turns of the outer coil winding is N. p1 Greater than the number of turns N of the inner winding p2 , and the inner winding radius r p2 Satisfaction , where w p The effective wire diameter for winding is to avoid overlapping interference of magnetic fields between inner and outer coils.

[0013] Furthermore, the ferrite array is composed of sheet or strip ferrite, which is respectively attached to the back of the transmitting end coil module and the receiving end coil module, and fixed to the non-metallic base by epoxy glue, so as to concentrate magnetic flux and reduce leakage loss.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a control and monitoring unit connected to the transmitting coil module and the receiving coil module, which is used to monitor the transmission power, system efficiency and offset, and issue an equivalent alarm or switching strategy instruction when the coupling efficiency is lower than a preset threshold.

[0015] Furthermore, the receiving end coil is wound in an arc-shaped plane to form the curved surface structure. Preferably, the arc coverage angle θ=60°.

[0016] Furthermore, the arc coverage angle θ of the receiving-end coil satisfies Δφ≤(50%-60%)θ, so as to balance the local coupling strength and the rotation redundancy.

[0017] The number of turns Ns of the receiving end coil is set according to the coupling strength requirement, and its curved surface structural parameters are jointly optimized based on the geometric characteristics of the spacecraft shell and the anti-drift tolerance.

[0018] Furthermore, the conductors of the transmitting end coil module and the receiving end coil module are made of Litz wires resistant to seawater corrosion, the outer layer is coated with waterproof insulation material, and the winding terminals are coated with epoxy resin for sealing.

[0019] Furthermore, the coil structure parameters satisfy the zero offset coupling coefficient k0 not less than the target coupling coefficient k ref , and the change in mutual inductance during horizontal offset is controlled within 5% to 10%.

[0020] Furthermore, the non-metallic bracket is made of glass fiber reinforced composite material, and the ferrite array is made of PC95 material, and the two are fixed by a seawater-resistant adhesive to form an integrated packaging structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer coil winding and the inner coil winding of the transmitting end coil module are wound by the same high-frequency Litz wire. Preferably, the outer coil winding has a single-layer spiral winding radius r p1 The inner coil winding single layer spiral winding radius r is 175 mm. p2 It is 110mm.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention proposes a wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles that is resistant to drift. By collaboratively designing a grouped series-wound transmitter coil and a curved receiver coil, combined with a ferrite array to guide and concentrate the magnetic field, this device effectively addresses the multi-dimensional drift caused by ocean currents during wireless charging of underwater vehicles. The outer windings on the transmitter provide wide-area magnetic field coverage, while the inner windings enhance local magnetic field strength, jointly suppressing the effects of horizontal drift (±40 mm) and rotational drift (±15°) on coupling efficiency. The curved structure on the receiver optimizes the coverage angle θ through geometric adaptation, maintaining stable coupling when the rotational offset Δφ does not exceed a preset ratio of θ. Combined with corrosion-resistant materials and a waterproof packaging design, the system achieves efficiency fluctuations of no more than ±5% in media such as seawater, freshwater, and air, and less than ±2% in self-inductance and mutual inductance. The overall structure is compact and does not require complex mechanical adjustment or redundant control. It can be adapted to different vehicle models through parameter optimization (such as winding turn distribution and arc coverage angle), and maintains more than 88% efficient energy transmission within an energy transmission distance of 25 to 35 mm. It has the advantages of strong anti-offset performance, wide environmental adaptability, high scalability, and low cost and easy mass production, which significantly improves the endurance and operational reliability of underwater vehicles.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0025] Multi-dimensional anti-drift capability: Through the combined design of outer and inner ring windings, the system can maintain high coupling efficiency under horizontal drift, rotational drift and other compound drift conditions.

[0026] Wide range of media adaptability: Due to the selection of seawater corrosion-resistant materials and optimized coil structure, it can maintain stable coupling characteristics in seawater, fresh water and air environments with low efficiency fluctuations.

[0027] Strong scalability: Under the premise of ensuring the established coupling efficiency, the coil winding, ferrite array layout, arc coverage angle and other parameters can be adjusted through finite element simulation or experiments to adapt to underwater vehicles of different models or sizes.

[0028] Compact structure and easy to scale: The transmitting coil adopts a grouped series winding structure, which is closely matched with the curved receiving coil. Combined with the ferrite array to provide concentrated magnetic flux, the overall structure is compact and easy to integrate, install and mass produce.

[0029] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater vehicle anti-deviation wireless charging coupler based on a grouped series winding structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The mutual inductance test results of the anti-offset magnetic coupler under multi-dimensional offset are shown.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The shown results are the system efficiency test results of the anti-offset magnetic coupler under multi-dimensional offset in different media.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100—Transmitter coil module

[0035] 200—Receiver coil module

[0036] 300—Ferrite Array

[0037] 400—Underwater vehicle cabin shell

[0038] 1—Outer coil winding radius rp1

[0039] 2—Inner coil winding radius rp2

[0040] 3—Arc coverage angle θ

[0041] 4—The length of the gap d between the receiving end coil and the receiving end coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.

[0043] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, connection can be used for both fixing and coupling or communication.

[0044] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0046] The present invention aims to overcome the problems of easy deviation and reduced coupling efficiency in the existing technology during underwater wireless charging, and provide an underwater vehicle anti-drift wireless charging coupler that has strong anti-drift capability and can adapt to various medium environments (seawater, fresh water, and air).

[0047] See Figure 1An embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater vehicle anti-drift wireless charging coupler, comprising: a transmitting coil module 100, which adopts a grouped series winding structure, consisting of an outer winding and an inner winding connected in series, and is fixed to a non-metallic bracket via a ferrite array. The outer winding provides wide-area magnetic field coverage, and the inner winding strengthens the local magnetic field strength. The synergistic effect of the outer winding and the inner winding suppresses the effects of horizontal and rotational drift on coupling efficiency. A receiving coil module 200 has a curved structure that can match the belly shape of the underwater vehicle cabin shell 400 for a close fit. A ferrite array 300 is provided on the back of the receiving coil module to concentrate magnetic flux. The curved structure forms an arc-shaped coverage angle θ. Through geometric adaptation design, the rotational offset Δφ does not exceed a preset ratio of the coverage angle θ, thereby reducing the interference of rotational offset on magnetic field coupling. The transmitting coil module 100 and the receiving coil module 200 transmit energy through magnetic field coupling. The grouped series winding structure and the geometric adaptation of the curved receiving end together achieve resistance to horizontal and rotational drift.

[0048] In some embodiments, the design features of the transmitter coil module 100 with a grouped series winding structure include: The transmitter coil module 100 comprises two winding units (an outer winding and an inner winding) and is mounted on a non-metallic support. The outer winding provides a wide-area magnetic field distribution, while the inner winding strengthens the local magnetic field to cope with horizontal and angular deviations. The transmitter incorporates multiple ferrite sheets or strips (a ferrite array) to concentrate magnetic flux and reduce magnetic leakage.

[0049] In some embodiments, the curved receiving coil module 200 features a curved receiving coil structure that conforms to the underwater vehicle's hull. A ferrite array is placed on the back of the receiving coil to concentrate magnetic flux and improve coupling efficiency. The curved structure's arc coverage angle θ can be optimized based on requirements such as the expected rotational offset Δφ, thereby maintaining higher coupling efficiency across a wide range of spaces.

[0050] In some embodiments, the design features of the coupler coil parameter optimization are: determining the zero offset coupling coefficient k0 by finite element simulation or experimental testing, and combining it with the target coupling coefficient k ref , the number of turns of the outer coil N p1 Or winding radius r p1 Make adjustments. ref Under the condition of p2 and radius r p2 , minimizing the change in mutual inductance under horizontal and rotational offsets, keeping coupling efficiency fluctuations within 5% to 10%. For curved receiving coils, by controlling the arc coverage angle θ, sufficiently high coupling efficiency can be achieved within a certain range of Δφ rotational offsets.

[0051] In some embodiments, material and packaging design features include the use of corrosion-resistant and seawater-resistant polymer composites or specialty alloys to ensure the structural stability and insulation performance of the coil or bracket under prolonged immersion. Depending on the application scenario, overall sealing or localized protection can be implemented. Furthermore, high anti-drift performance is maintained against various types of misalignment (including horizontal and rotational) within a coupling distance of 25 mm to 35 mm.

[0052] In some embodiments, the coupler also includes a control and monitoring unit. This unit, connected to both the transmitter and receiver, enables real-time monitoring of transmission power, system efficiency, and offset. When coupling efficiency falls below a preset threshold, an alarm can be issued or the circuit strategy can be switched, providing redundant protection or adaptive adjustment capabilities for the system.

[0053] The following further describes specific embodiments of the present invention and experimental verification.

[0054] A wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles with anti-drifting performance includes a transmitter coil module 100 and a receiver coil module 200. The transmitter coil module 100 utilizes a grouped series winding structure, consisting of two groups of winding units and assembled with a plurality of ferrite sheets or strips (hereinafter collectively referred to as "ferrite arrays"), mounted on a non-metallic support. The grouped series winding structure comprises an outer winding and an inner winding. The outer winding provides a wide-area magnetic field distribution, while the inner winding enhances close-range coupling strength, improving adaptability to multi-dimensional drift. The receiver coil module 200 has a curved structure that partially conforms to the underwater vehicle's outer shell. A ferrite array 300 is positioned on the back of the receiver coil. Energy is transferred between the transmitter coil module 100 and the receiver coil module 200 via wireless magnetic field coupling. The grouped series winding structure maintains efficient coupling even when the receiver coil deviates horizontally and angularly. The ferrite array is arranged on the back of the transmitting coil module 100 and the receiving coil module 200 to concentrate and guide the magnetic flux, reduce magnetic leakage and improve the coupling efficiency under horizontal and angular offset conditions.

[0055] The coupler also includes a control and monitoring unit connected to the transmitting coil module 100 and the receiving coil module 200, which is used to monitor the transmission power, system efficiency and offset, and can issue an equivalent alarm or switch strategy instruction when the coupling efficiency is lower than a preset threshold.

[0056] The main materials of the transmitting coil module 100 and the receiving coil module 200 are both polymer composite materials or special alloy materials that are resistant to corrosion and seawater environments, and can maintain structural stability and good winding insulation performance under long-term immersion conditions.

[0057] The number of turns of the outer winding and the inner winding of the transmitting coil module 100 are respectively denoted as N p1 With N p2 , the number of turns of each radius is recorded as r p1 and r p2 ; By selecting N p2 < N p1 The inner winding provides auxiliary magnetic field without destroying the overall magnetic field distribution advantage of the transmitter. p2 Limited by the structural size of the outer winding, that is , where w p is the effective wire diameter of the coil Litz wire; by limiting r p2 The maximum size of the coil can avoid excessive overlap between the inner and outer windings, ensuring that the inner winding can still assist in strengthening the local magnetic field in the design of a large-radius transmitting coil.

[0058] Preferably, the coil of the receiving-end coil module 200 of the wireless charging coupler adopts an arc-shaped plane winding design, and the selection of the arc coverage angle θ is determined in combination with the multi-dimensional offset tolerance requirements; when the required anti-rotation offset Δφ is determined, θ can be set according to Δφ ≤ (50% to 60%)θ, thereby improving the local coupling strength while ensuring offset redundancy in the rotation direction.

[0059] The number of turns N of the outer winding p1 The number of turns of the inner winding is N p2 The mutual inductance change ΔM1 of the reference coupler under zero offset and the required anti-rotational offset Δφ conditions is determined, and ΔM1 is obtained through finite element simulation. When ΔM1 is less than a preset threshold, it is considered to have sufficient resistance to rotational offset, thereby completing the optimal configuration of the number of coil turns.

[0060] The coil structure parameters are designed and optimized by finite element simulation to obtain the zero offset coupling coefficient k0. ref The difference from the zero offset coupling coefficient k0 optimizes the outer coil parameter r p1 , and then satisfy k0≥k ref Under the premise of the inner coil parameters r are evaluated by finite element simulation or experimental test p2 The change in mutual inductance under horizontal offset is controlled within 5% to 10% within the ΔX horizontal offset range.

[0061] Under actual operating conditions, the system can achieve robustness against multiple offsets (horizontal and rotational) over a wide coupling distance by adjusting the number of turns of the outer and inner windings at the transmitter, the wire diameter, and the coverage angle of the arc coil at the receiver. This balances coupling strength and magnetic field uniformity. The proposed underwater vehicle robust wireless charging coupler is suitable for various media environments, including seawater, freshwater, and air. The impact of different media on the system's self-inductance and mutual inductance is controlled within ±2%, and overall efficiency fluctuations do not exceed ±5%.

[0062] Examples and Verification

[0063] An anti-deviation wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles based on a grouped series winding structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a transmitting end coil module and a receiving end coil module.

[0064] The transmitter coil module 100 consists of two concentric windings: an outer winding and an inner winding. Both the outer and inner windings are wound with Litz wire, and the inner and outer windings are wound with the same high-frequency Litz wire, connected in series. The ferrite array is arranged close to the back of the coil. The target coupling coefficient k in the coil parameter design is ref is 0.12, ΔM1 does not exceed 5%, and the designed coil parameters are as follows: the number of turns of the outer winding N p1 = 10 turns, single-layer spiral winding, outer winding radius r p1 = 175mm; number of inner winding turns N p2 = 5 turns, single-layer spiral winding, inner winding radius r p2 =110 mm; the conductor material is 0.1 mm × 300-strand Litz wire, with a special outer layer of insulation resistant to seawater environment; the ferrite array uses sheet PC95 ferrite material, each ferrite piece is evenly distributed along the outer and inner rings and fixed to the non-metallic base with epoxy glue to reduce leakage magnetic field and maintain maintainability.

[0065] The coil of the receiving coil module 200 is wound in an arc-shaped plane with an arc coverage angle θ = 60°, matching the geometry of the underwater vehicle's hull 400. The number of turns Ns of the receiving coil is approximately 25 to enhance coupling strength. Small ferrite sheets are also attached to the back of the coil to form a ferrite array 300, primarily concentrated at the radial ends of the arc to maximize magnetic flux concentration. The gap length d between the receiving coils is 30 mm.

[0066] Materials and packaging are as follows. The non-metallic bracket is made of glass fiber reinforced composite material, bonded to the ferrite to form a complete coil carrier, ensuring mechanical strength and stability for long-term use in seawater environments. Wire surface treatment: The enameled coating of the Litz wire is coated with a waterproof film, and each winding terminal is coated with a waterproof epoxy resin to prevent corrosion from salt spray and seawater.

[0067] The simulation and test are as follows.

[0068] Finite element simulations were performed. Three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software was used to create models of the transmitting and receiving coils. Ferrite material parameters and seawater simulation medium parameters were imported. Different offset conditions were set: horizontal offset [-40 mm, 40 mm] and rotational offset [-15°, 15°]. Changes in the coupling coefficient k and mutual inductance M were recorded for each condition.

[0069] Real-world testing. Build a test platform with an adjustable coupling distance of 25 mm to 35 mm. Fix the receiving coil to the simulated aircraft shell. Use slide rails and an angle turntable to precisely control horizontal and rotational offsets. Test the system in a tank filled with still seawater. Measure the coil input power P under different offset conditions. i , output power P o , calculate the transmission efficiency η = P o / P i ×100%.

[0070] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 The mutual inductance test results of the anti-offset magnetic coupler under multi-dimensional offset are shown in FIG. Figure 2 Analysis shows that when the receiving coil is offset along the X-axis, the mutual inductance M corresponding to no rotational offset is slightly greater than that corresponding to a ±15° rotational offset. Due to the X-axis symmetry of the coupler, the mutual inductance variation trends for a 15° rotational offset and a -15° rotational offset are essentially the same. Based on the experimental measurements in the unoffset state, the mutual inductance fluctuations under the three offset conditions of 40 mm X-axis rotation of 0°, 40 mm X-axis rotation of -15°, and 40 mm X-axis rotation of 15°, respectively, range from ±0.78%, ±3.01%, and ±3.13%, fully demonstrating the proposed coupler's excellent resistance to horizontal and rotational offsets.

[0071] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 The following table shows the system efficiency test results of the anti-offset magnetic coupler under multi-dimensional offset in different media. Among them, [a mm, b mm, c°] respectively represent the receiving coil offset a mm in the X axis, b mm in the Y axis, and c° in rotation. Figure 3Analysis shows that the experimental coupler achieves efficiencies of 92.6%, 92.2%, 92.7%, and 84.4% in air at offsets of [0 mm, 0 mm, 0°], [40 mm, 40 mm, 0°], [40 mm, 40 mm, -15°], and [40 mm, 40 mm, 15°], respectively. The efficiencies remain roughly the same before and after the offsets. The coupler's efficiency decreases in air, freshwater, and seawater environments, respectively. This is due to the additional eddy current losses introduced by freshwater and seawater, with eddy current losses being more significant in seawater due to its higher conductivity. Overall, the system's coupling efficiency remains consistently above 80%, maintaining high efficiency across diverse environments and operating conditions.

[0072] In summary, the present invention addresses the multi-dimensional offset problem of underwater wireless charging of aircraft and proposes a multi-dimensional anti-offset magnetic coupler with a simple structure and the ability to resist horizontal and rotational offset. The coupler includes a transmitting coil based on a grouped series winding structure and an arc-shaped receiving coil optimized according to the aircraft shape, and arrayed ferrites are arranged at both ends to effectively suppress leakage magnetic flux and concentrate magnetic flux. The proposed coupler can be used in The coupling is stable within a horizontal offset range of ±15° and a rotational offset range of ±15°. The coupling efficiency is high, exceeding 88%, within an energy transfer distance of 25 to 35 mm. Compared with existing fully enclosed solutions or solutions that require complex mechanical designs, this coupler has a simple structure, which not only ensures stable coupling for multi-directional offsets, but also avoids high costs and cumbersome control. The underwater vehicle wireless charging magnetic coupler of the present invention is of great value in improving the underwater endurance and autonomous operation capabilities of AUVs, and has promotional application value in the field of power electronics.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0074] 1. Multi-dimensional anti-drift capability: Through the combined design of outer and inner ring windings, the system can maintain high coupling efficiency under horizontal drift, rotational drift, and other combined drift conditions.

[0075] 2. Wide media adaptability: Due to the selection of seawater corrosion-resistant materials and optimized coil structure, it can maintain stable coupling characteristics in seawater, fresh water and air environments, with low efficiency fluctuations.

[0076] 3. Strong scalability: While ensuring a given coupling efficiency, the system can make targeted adjustments to parameters such as coil winding, ferrite array layout, and arc coverage angle through finite element simulation or experiments to accommodate underwater vehicles of different models or sizes.

[0077] 4. Compact structure and easy scalability: The transmitting coil adopts a grouped series winding structure, which is closely matched with the curved receiving coil. Combined with the ferrite array to provide concentrated magnetic flux, the overall structure is compact and easy to integrate, install and mass produce.

[0078] The above description further details the present invention in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these descriptions. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they may make various substitutions or modifications to the described embodiments, and these substitutions or modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" indicates that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with such embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Persons skilled in the art may combine and assemble the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as features of different embodiments or examples, without conflicting opinions. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications may be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. An anti-drift wireless charging coupler for underwater vehicles, characterized in that: include: The transmitting coil module adopts a grouped series winding structure, consisting of an outer winding and an inner winding connected in series, and is fixed to a non-metallic bracket via a ferrite array. The outer winding is used to provide wide-area magnetic field coverage, and the inner winding is used to enhance local magnetic field strength. The receiving coil module has a curved structure that closely matches the shape of the underwater vehicle's cabin shell. A ferrite array is provided on its back to concentrate magnetic flux. The curved structure forms an arc-shaped coverage angle θ. Through geometric adaptation design, the rotation offset Δφ does not exceed a preset ratio of the coverage angle θ, thereby reducing the interference of the rotation offset on the magnetic field coupling. The outer coil winding and the inner coil winding of the grouped series winding structure are arranged in concentric circles, and the number of turns of the outer coil winding is N. p1 Greater than the number of turns N of the inner winding p2 , and the inner winding radius r p2 Satisfaction , where w p The effective wire diameter for winding is to avoid overlapping interference of magnetic fields of inner and outer rings; Among them, the coil structure parameters satisfy the zero offset coupling coefficient k0 is not less than the target coupling coefficient k ref , and the change in mutual inductance during horizontal offset is controlled within 5% to 10%; The transmitting-end coil module and the receiving-end coil module transfer energy through magnetic field coupling, and the geometric adaptation of the grouped series winding structure and the curved receiving end jointly achieve resistance to horizontal and rotational offsets.

2. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The ferrite array is composed of sheet or strip ferrite, which is attached to the back of the transmitting end coil module and the receiving end coil module respectively, and fixed to the non-metallic base by epoxy glue, so as to concentrate magnetic flux and reduce leakage loss.

3. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a control and monitoring unit connected to the transmitting coil module and the receiving coil module, which is used to monitor the transmission power, system efficiency and offset, and issue an equivalent alarm or switching strategy instruction when the coupling efficiency is lower than a preset threshold.

4. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The receiving end coil is wound in an arc-shaped plane, thereby forming the curved surface structure.

5. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The arc coverage angle θ of the receiving end coil satisfies Δφ≤(50%-60%)θ to balance the local coupling strength and the rotation redundancy.

6. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The conductors of the transmitting end coil module and the receiving end coil module are made of Litz wires resistant to seawater corrosion, the outer layer is covered with waterproof insulation material, and the winding terminals are coated with epoxy resin for sealing.

7. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The non-metallic bracket is made of glass fiber reinforced composite material, and the ferrite array is made of PC95 material. The two are fixed by a seawater-resistant adhesive to form an integrated packaging structure.

8. The anti-drift wireless charging coupler according to claim 1, wherein: The outer winding and the inner winding of the transmitting end coil module are wound by the same high-frequency Litz wire.

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