Water circulation water tank of manned spacecraft

Abstract

The invention relates to a water circulation water tank of a manned spacecraft, and belongs to the technical field of water tank temperature control. A water containing platform is arranged in the water storage tank, and a thermistor is arranged on the water containing platform; the thermistor is electrically connected with the heater. A semicircular groove for accommodating a water sample is formed in the top surface of the water containing platform, and the thermistor is arranged in the semicircular groove. A standby water tank is fixed to the top of the water storage tank. A water inlet valve is fixedly arranged between the standby water tank and the water storage tank. A water outlet valve is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank. The water storage tank comprises a straight pipe part connected with the bottom of the standby water tank, an inclined pipe part connected to the bottom of the straight pipe part and a water outlet part arranged at the bottom of the inclined pipe part. A mounting seat is fixedly arranged in the straight pipe part; a contact groove is formed in the side wall of the mounting seat; a switch group I and a switch group II are arranged in the contact groove; the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are electromagnetic valves; the water inlet valve is electrically connected with the first switch group, and the water outlet valve is electrically connected with the second switch group. The device has the effect of automatically heating to prevent icing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of water tank temperature control, and particularly to a water circulation tank for a manned spacecraft. Background Art

[0002] The water circulation tank in a manned spacecraft is responsible for storing and supplying the domestic water of astronauts in space, and is also related to the stable operation of the entire spacecraft environmental control and life support system. The water condensation and drying component collects the water vapor exhaled by the astronauts, and then converts it into potable recycled water through a purification device and stores it in the water circulation tank. The water circulation tank ensures the efficient utilization and recycling of water resources.

[0003] However, due to the instability of temperature factors in the space environment, when the manned spacecraft is in a low-temperature environment, the water sample in the water tank will freeze. The freezing of the water sample will block the water circulation system and affect the normal operation of the spacecraft; at the same time, the volume expansion of water will cause stress on the water tank material, resulting in material fatigue and even rupture.

[0004] To solve the problem of the water sample freezing in the water tank, the existing technology usually adopts a continuous heating system to maintain the temperature of the water tank. The heating system mainly includes electric heating elements or heat pipe technology, and keeps the temperature inside the water tank above the freezing point through continuous heating. However, continuous heating has the problem of high energy consumption, and at the same time will accelerate the aging of the water tank material and shorten the service life of the water tank. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the above problems, this application provides a water circulation tank for a manned spacecraft.

[0006] The water circulation tank for a manned spacecraft provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A water circulation tank for a manned spacecraft includes a water storage tank; a water holding platform is arranged inside the water storage tank, and a thermistor is arranged on the water holding platform; the thermistor is electrically connected to a heater.

[0008] Optionally, a semi-circular groove for accommodating the water sample is formed on the top surface of the water holding platform, and the thermistor is arranged in the semi-circular groove.

[0009] Optionally, a spare water tank is fixed on the top of the water storage tank, an inlet valve is fixedly arranged between the spare water tank and the water storage tank; an outlet valve is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank.

[0010] Optionally, the water storage tank includes a straight pipe portion connected to the bottom of the standby water tank, an inclined pipe portion connected to the bottom of the straight pipe portion, and a water outlet portion provided at the bottom of the inclined pipe portion; an installation seat is fixedly provided in the straight pipe portion; a contact groove is formed in the side wall of the installation seat; a switch group one and a switch group two are arranged in the contact groove; both the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are solenoid valves; the water inlet valve is electrically connected to the switch group one, and the water outlet valve is electrically connected to the switch group two.

[0011] Optionally, a conductive sheet and an insulating sheet are slidably arranged in the contact groove; both the switch group one and the switch group two include two electrical sheets; when the conductive sheet contacts the electrical sheet, the switch group one or the switch group two is turned on.

[0012] Optionally, a floating plate is slidably arranged vertically in the straight pipe portion; a contact piece is slidably arranged in the contact groove; chamfers that can abut against each other are respectively formed on the contact surfaces of the floating plate and the contact piece.

[0013] Optionally, a dovetail block is fixed to the side wall of the floating plate, and a dovetail groove for accommodating the dovetail block is formed in the side wall of the straight pipe portion.

[0014] Optionally, a waterproof ring is fixed to the periphery of the contact piece, and a waterproof groove for accommodating the waterproof ring is formed in the outer wall of the installation seat.

[0015] Optionally, a sliding piece one is fixed to the side wall of the conductive sheet, and a sliding groove one for accommodating the sliding piece one is formed in the inner wall of the contact groove; a compression spring one is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove one, and one end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the sliding piece one.

[0016] Optionally, a sliding piece two is fixed to the side wall of the insulating sheet, and a sliding groove two for accommodating the sliding piece two is formed in the inner wall of the contact groove; a compression spring two is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove two, and the end of the compression spring two is fixedly connected to the sliding piece two.

[0017] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. The water circulation tank of the present application combines a heater and a thermistor to monitor the temperature of the water sample in the semi-circular groove, realizing the function of automatic heating to prevent icing. This design can effectively avoid the damage of the water tank and the water circulation system caused by low temperature, ensuring the stable operation of the water circulation system of the spacecraft.

[0019] 2. Utilizing the negative temperature coefficient characteristic of the thermistor, combined with a comparator and a relay, real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the temperature of the water sample in the water tank are realized. When the ambient temperature drops to the preset value, the system automatically starts the heating program to prevent the water sample from icing, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the water tank; at the same time, the problem of accelerated aging of the water tank material caused by continuous heating is avoided.

[0020] 3. Through the cooperation of the floating plate and the contact piece, and the settings of switch group one and switch group two, the real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the water level in the water tank are realized. This design can automatically control the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve according to the change of the water level, and keep the water level in the water tank stable. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the straight pipe part of the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the inclined pipe part of the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the contact groove of the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1, water storage tank; 11, straight pipe part; 12, inclined pipe part; 13, water outlet part; 14, water holding platform; 15, semi-circular groove; 16, mounting seat; 17, water sample cavity; 18, floating plate; 19, dovetail groove; 2, conductive sheet; 21, insulating sheet; 22, contact piece; 23, chamfer; 24, waterproof ring; 25, waterproof groove; 26, contact groove; 27, switch group one; 28, switch group two; 29, electric sheet; 3, slide piece one; 31, compression spring one; 32, slide piece two; 33, compression spring two. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0025] The following will further describe the present application in detail Figures 1-3 in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0026] The embodiment of the present application discloses a water circulation water tank for a manned spacecraft. The water circulation water tank for a manned spacecraft includes a water storage tank 1 and a spare water tank; the spare water tank is fixed on the top of the water storage tank 1, and a water inlet valve is fixedly arranged between the spare water tank and the water storage tank 1. A water outlet valve is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank 1.

[0027] The water storage tank 1 includes a straight pipe portion 11 connected to the bottom of the standby water tank, an inclined pipe portion 12 connected to the bottom of the straight pipe portion 11, and a water outlet portion 13 provided at the bottom of the inclined pipe portion 12. The longitudinal section of the inclined pipe portion 12 is an inverted right trapezoid. It is convenient for the water sample to flow downward along the inclined surface of the right trapezoid after entering the inclined pipe portion 12 from the straight pipe portion 11, so as to collect the water sample into the water outlet portion 13 at the bottom of the water storage tank 1. A water receiving platform 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the water outlet portion 13 close to the inclined surface of the inclined pipe portion 12. The top surface of the water receiving platform 14 is at the same horizontal plane as the bottom end of the inclined surface of the inclined pipe portion 12, which is convenient for the water sample to flow from the inclined plate of the inclined pipe portion 12 to the top surface of the water receiving platform 14. A semicircular groove 15 for accommodating the water sample is formed on the top surface of the water receiving platform 14, and the axis of the semicircular groove 15 is arranged along the length direction of the water storage tank 1. After the water sample flows into the semicircular groove 15, it will accumulate in the semicircular groove 15, and the rest will continue to flow into the water outlet portion 13. The water sample in the semicircular groove 15 is adjacent to the inclined surface of the inclined pipe portion 12. When the external environmental temperature is too low, the water sample in the semicircular groove 15 will freeze, which is used to judge whether to start the heating program.

[0028] The inner walls of the water storage tank 1 and the standby water tank are embedded with heaters. A thermistor is buried in the bottom surface of the semicircular groove 15; the thermistor is connected to the heater, and a comparator and a relay are also arranged on the connection circuit. The thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient. When the external environmental temperature decreases, the resistance value of the thermistor increases. The thermistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator; when the temperature decreases, the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator increases; the inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the reference voltage through a voltage dividing resistor. When the temperature drops to the preset temperature, the voltage of the thermistor rises to the same as the reference voltage. The output terminal of the comparator is connected to the coil of the relay, and the heater is connected to the normally closed contact of the relay.

[0029] Specifically, when the environmental temperature drops, the resistance value of the thermistor increases; when the temperature drops below the target temperature, the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is higher than the reference voltage at the inverting input terminal; the comparator outputs a low-level signal, the relay is connected to the normally closed contact, and the heater starts to work. After the temperature rises, the resistance value of the thermistor decreases. After the voltage of the thermistor is less than the reference voltage, the comparator outputs a high-level signal, the coil of the relay loses power, and the heater stops working due to power off.

[0030] On the side wall of the straight pipe part 11 far from the inclined surface of the inclined pipe part 12, a mounting seat 16 with the same height as the inner cavity of the water storage tank 1 is fixedly installed, and circuit components are buried in the mounting seat 16. The cavity in the straight pipe part 11 except the mounting seat 16 is a water sample cavity 17 for accommodating the water sample. A floating plate 18 that can slide vertically along the straight pipe part 11 is arranged in the water sample cavity 17. The length of the floating plate 18 is the same as the length of the water sample cavity 17, so that the floating plate 18 stops moving when it moves downward to the inclined pipe part 12. The width of the floating plate 18 is smaller than the width of the water sample cavity 17 to facilitate the flow of the water sample. A dovetail block is fixed on the side wall of the floating plate 18 far from the mounting seat 16, and a dovetail groove 19 for accommodating the dovetail block is arranged on the side wall of the water sample cavity 17 far from the mounting seat 16, which facilitates guiding the vertical movement of the floating plate 18.

[0031] A contact groove 26 is arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat 16 close to the test box; a conductive sheet 2, an insulating sheet 21 and a contact sheet 22 are slidably arranged in the contact groove 26 along the length direction of the mounting seat 16. The height of the contact groove 26 is higher than the height of the inclined pipe part 12, and the contact sheet 22 slides at the notch position of the contact groove 26; the floating plate 18 can contact the contact sheet 22 when it floats upward with the water level. It should be noted that the top end of the dovetail groove 19 is at the same horizontal height as the contact groove 26, so that the floating plate 18 can only float up to the height position of the contact groove 26.

[0032] Chamfers 23 that can be abutted against each other are respectively arranged on the contact surfaces of the floating plate 18 and the contact sheet 22. The chamfers 23 are respectively located at the top corner positions of the floating plate 18 close to the contact sheet 22 and the bottom corner positions of the contact sheet 22 close to the floating plate 18. A waterproof ring 24 made of a waterproof material is fixed on the periphery of the contact sheet 22, and a waterproof groove 25 for accommodating the waterproof ring 24 is arranged on the outer wall of the mounting seat 16; the waterproof ring 24 is used to prevent the water sample from entering the contact groove 26 when the water sample overflows the contact groove 26. Since the height of the dovetail groove 19 is the same as the height of the contact groove 26 and the floating plate 18 can only move vertically, the floating plate 18 stops rising after abutting against the contact sheet 22.

[0033] A switch group one 27 and a switch group two 28 are arranged in the contact groove 26. The switch group one 27 and the switch group two 28 respectively include two relatively arranged electric sheets 29; the two electric sheets 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the top surface and the bottom surface of the contact groove 26. The switch group one 27 is arranged in the direction of the notch of the contact groove 26 close to the switch group two 28. The conductive sheet 2 and the insulating sheet 21 can both move in the contact groove 26, and the thicknesses of the conductive sheet 2 and the insulating sheet 21 are both the same as the groove thickness of the contact groove 26; when the conductive sheet 2 moves between the two relatively arranged electric sheets 29, the switch group one 27 or the switch group two 28 can be in a conducting state. The insulating sheet 21 is arranged in the direction of the notch of the contact groove 26 close to the conductive sheet 2.

[0034] Specifically, when the floating plate 18 is not in contact with the contact piece 22, the conductive piece 2 is in contact with the two electrical pieces 29 of the first switch group 27 and is separated from the two electrical pieces 29 of the second switch group 28. At this time, the first switch group 27 is turned on and the second switch group 28 is turned off. When the floating plate 18 rises to contact the contact piece 22, the contact piece 22 pushes the insulating piece 21 and the conductive piece 2 to move inward to the contact groove 26. The conductive piece 2 is in contact with the electrical pieces 29 of both the first switch group 27 and the second switch group 28, and both the first switch group 27 and the second switch group 28 are in the on state. After the water level continues to rise, the floating plate 18 rises to the top of its moving path, and the floating plate 18 and the contact piece 22 are at the same horizontal height. The contact piece 22 is completely received into the contact groove 26 under the pressing action of the floating plate 18; the conductive piece 2 is in contact with the electrical piece 29 of the second switch group 28 and is separated from the electrical piece 29 of the first switch group 27; the insulating piece 21 is in contact with the electrical piece 29 of the first switch group 27; the first switch group 27 is turned off and the second switch group 28 is turned on. It should be noted that the end of the conductive piece 2 and the end of the insulating piece 21 remain in contact, and the end of the insulating piece 21 and the end of the contact piece 22 remain in contact; the insulating piece 21 is made of a waterproof material to reduce the possibility of water droplets entering the inside of the contact groove 26.

[0035] Both the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are solenoid valves. The water inlet valve is electrically connected to the first switch group 27. When the first switch group 27 is turned on, the water inlet valve is in the open state, and vice versa, the water inlet valve is in the closed state. The water outlet valve is electrically connected to the second switch group 28. When the second switch group 28 is turned on, the water outlet valve is in the conducting state, otherwise it is in the closed state.

[0036] Specifically, when the water level in the water storage tank 1 is at a low level, the floating plate 18 is not in contact with the contact piece 22, the first switch group 27 remains open, and the water inlet valve is open and keeps filling water into the water storage tank 1. After the water level in the water storage tank 1 rises, the floating plate 18 contacts the contact piece 22, and both the first switch group 27 and the second switch group 28 remain in the on state. The water inlet valve keeps filling water into the water storage tank 1, and at the same time, the water outlet valve is open. When the temperature is low and ice forms in the water storage tank 1, the water outlet speed of the water storage tank 1 decreases, and the floating plate 18 continues to rise; the first switch group 27 is turned off and the second switch group 28 is turned on. The water inlet valve stops filling water into the water storage tank 1, and the water outlet valve remains open. When the temperature is low, the water sample stays in the standby water tank until the temperature in the water storage tank 1 rises, the floating plate 18 drops, the water inlet valve is opened, and the water sample enters the water storage tank 1 from the standby water tank.

[0037] A sliding piece 3 is fixed to the side wall of the conductive sheet 2, and a first sliding groove for accommodating the sliding piece 3 is formed in the inner wall of the contact groove 26, so as to provide a guiding function for the movement of the conductive sheet 2; a first compression spring 31 is fixed in the first sliding groove, and the end of the first compression spring 31 is fixedly connected to the sliding piece 3, and is used to provide a reset function for the conductive sheet 2 in the direction close to the notch of the contact groove 26. A sliding piece 32 is fixed to the side wall of the insulating sheet 21, and a second sliding groove for accommodating the sliding piece 32 is formed in the inner wall of the contact groove 26, so as to provide a guiding function for the movement of the insulating sheet 21; a second compression spring 33 is fixed in the second sliding groove, and the end of the second compression spring 33 is fixedly connected to the sliding piece 32, and is used to provide a reset function for the insulating sheet 21 in the direction of the notch of the contact groove 26.

[0038] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water circulation tank for a manned spacecraft, characterized in that: It includes a water storage tank (1); a water holding platform (14) is arranged in the water storage tank (1), and a thermistor is arranged on the water holding platform (14); the thermistor is electrically connected to a heater.

2. The water circulation tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A semi-circular groove (15) for accommodating a water sample is formed on the top surface of the water holding platform (14), and the thermistor is arranged in the semi-circular groove (15).

3. The water circulation tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A standby water tank is fixed to the top of the water storage tank (1), and a water inlet valve is fixedly arranged between the standby water tank and the water storage tank (1); a water outlet valve is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank (1).

4. The water circulation water tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water storage tank (1) includes a straight pipe portion (11) connected to the bottom of the standby water tank, an inclined pipe portion (12) connected to the bottom of the straight pipe portion (11), and a water outlet portion (13) arranged at the bottom of the inclined pipe portion (12); a mounting seat (16) is fixedly arranged in the straight pipe portion (11); a contact groove (26) is formed on the side wall of the mounting seat (16); a switch group one (27) and a switch group two (28) are arranged in the contact groove (26); both the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are solenoid valves; the water inlet valve is electrically connected to the switch group one (27), and the water outlet valve is electrically connected to the switch group two (28).

5. The water circulation tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 4, characterized in that: A conductive sheet (2) and an insulating sheet (21) are slidably arranged in the contact groove (26); the switch group one (27) and the switch group two (28) respectively include two electric sheets (29); when the conductive sheet (2) contacts the electric sheet (29), the switch group one (27) or the switch group two (28) is turned on.

6. The water circulation tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: A floating plate (18) is slidably arranged vertically in the straight pipe portion (11); a contact piece (22) is slidably arranged in the contact groove (26); chamfers (23) that can abut against each other are respectively formed on the contact surfaces of the floating plate (18) and the contact piece (22).

7. The water circulation tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 6, characterized in that: A dovetail block is fixed to the side wall of the floating plate (18), and a dovetail groove (19) for accommodating the dovetail block is formed on the side wall of the straight pipe portion (11).

8. The water circulation water tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 6, characterized in that: A waterproof ring (24) is fixed to the periphery of the contact piece (22), and a waterproof groove (25) for accommodating the waterproof ring (24) is formed on the outer wall of the mounting seat (16).

9. The water circulation tank of a manned spacecraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding piece one (3) is fixed to the side wall of the conductive sheet (2), and a sliding groove one for accommodating the sliding piece one (3) is formed on the inner wall of the contact groove (26); a compression spring one (31) is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove one, and the end of the compression spring one (31) is fixedly connected to the sliding piece one (3).

10. A water circulation tank for a manned spacecraft according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding piece two (32) is fixed to the side wall of the insulating sheet (21), and a sliding groove two for accommodating the sliding piece two (32) is formed on the inner wall of the contact groove (26); a compression spring two (33) is fixedly arranged in the sliding groove two, and the end of the compression spring two (33) is fixedly connected to the sliding piece two (32).

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